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Effect Of Speciation On Heavy Metals Uptake In Wetland Plants
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Book Synopsis Effect of Speciation on Heavy Metals Uptake in Wetland Plants by : Tanushree Bhattacharya
Download or read book Effect of Speciation on Heavy Metals Uptake in Wetland Plants written by Tanushree Bhattacharya and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2012-04 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present study was undertaken on the effect of speciation of heavy metals on uptake, growth and biochemical changes on two wetland plants, viz. Scirpus littoralis and Paspalum distichum. In the first chapter a detailed introduction to the topic including its justification of study is included. The second chapter consists of the objectives of the study. The third chapter gives an elaborate literature review on heavy metal speciation, uptake of metals in plants, different strategic mechanisms of heavy metal accumulation in plants, toxicity and tolerance in plants. The fourth chapter highlights the experimental setup, soil analysis, sample processing, and plant analysis for growth and biochemical parameters. The fifth chapter is divided into results in two species of wetland plants, Scirpus littoralis and Paspalum distichum. The sixth chapter discusses in detail the effect of speciation of heavy metals on their respective uptake by the wetland studied species and responsive biochemical changes. Chapter seven draws conclusion of the study, which is stated as ten points. Chapter eight summarizes the findings of the study and Chapter nine includes the references used for this study.
Book Synopsis Heavy Metal Bioavailability in Mine Drainage-receiving Constructed Wetland Plants by : Cem Selman
Download or read book Heavy Metal Bioavailability in Mine Drainage-receiving Constructed Wetland Plants written by Cem Selman and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Mine drainages containing heavy metals pose a threat to biota because of their toxic effects, and wetlands provide a viable treatment option because of their low cost and high efficiency of metal uptake. The removal mechanisms involved in the wetland treatment process are various and plant uptake is one of these mechanisms. However, plant uptake can potentially cause metal transmission into the food chain. This study aimed to gain a better understand of the impact that is caused by interactions between plants and trace metals in wetlands receiving mine drainage"--Abstract, leaf iii.
Book Synopsis Plants and Heavy Metals by : Antonella Furini
Download or read book Plants and Heavy Metals written by Antonella Furini and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-04-23 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title focuses on the many aspects of the interaction between plants and heavy metals. Not only it describes the effects of heavy metal toxicity on the plant cell and its organs but it also examines the mechanisms that plants adopt to scavenge heavy metals at cellular, physiological, and metabolic level. Plants and Heavy Metals also analyses Hyperaccumulator plants and shows their potential role in phytoremediation technologies in light of the recent research results.
Book Synopsis Heavy Metals in the Environment by : Howard T. Odum
Download or read book Heavy Metals in the Environment written by Howard T. Odum and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Much of the convenience of modern life resides in sheet metal, the cowling shield of most machines and appliances. However, the load that this takes off human shoulders has to be carried elsewhere, and the Earth has borne the burden. Many of us woke up to the environmental cost when over a century of industrialization finally surpassed the capacity
Book Synopsis Effect of Heavy Metal Pollution on Plants by : N. W. Lepp
Download or read book Effect of Heavy Metal Pollution on Plants written by N. W. Lepp and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Trace metals occur as natural constituents of the earth's crust, and are ever present constituents of soils, natural waters and living matter. The biological significance of this disparate assemblage of elements has gradually been uncovered during the twentieth century; the resultant picture is one of ever-increasing complexity. Several of these elements have been demonstrated to be essential to the functions of living organisms, others appear to only interact with living matter in a toxic manner, whilst an ever-decreasing number do not fall conveniently into either category. When the interactions between trace metals and plants are considered, one must take full account of the known chemical properties of each element. Consideration must be given to differences in chemical reactivity, solubility and to interactions with other inorganic and organic molecules. A clear understanding of the basic chemical properties of an element of interest is an essential pre-requisite to any subsequent consideration of its biological significance. Due consideration to basic chemical considerations is a theme which runs through the collection of chapters in both volumes.
Book Synopsis Heavy Metal Stress in Plants by : M.N.V. Prasad
Download or read book Heavy Metal Stress in Plants written by M.N.V. Prasad and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Heavy metal phytotoxicity has been known for more than a century. However, research in the past years has confirmed the immense damage by metal pollution to plants, the soil and ultimately to humans. By reviewing both field and laboratory work, this book deals with the various functional and ecological aspects of heavy metal stress on plants and outlines the scope for future research and the possibilities for remediation.
Book Synopsis Dynamics and Bioavailability of Heavy Metals in the Rootzone by : H. Magdi Selim
Download or read book Dynamics and Bioavailability of Heavy Metals in the Rootzone written by H. Magdi Selim and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2011-03-15 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Concerns regarding heavy metal contamination in terrestrial ecosystems have prompted increasing efforts on limiting their bioavailability in the root zone. The complexity of the hydrologic system gives rise to the need for understanding the fate and transport of trace elements in the soil-water-plant environment. Dynamics and Bioavailability of Hea
Book Synopsis Heavy Metal Stress in Plants by : Dharmendra K. Gupta
Download or read book Heavy Metal Stress in Plants written by Dharmendra K. Gupta and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-08-04 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plants possess a range of potential cellular mechanisms that may be involved in the detoxification of heavy metals and thus tolerance to metal stress. Metal toxicity causes multiple direct and indirect effects in plants that concern practically all physiological functions. The main purpose of this book is to present comprehensive and concise information on recent advances in the field of metal transport and how genetic diversity affects heavy metal transport in plants. Other key futures of the book are related to metal toxicity and detoxification mechanisms, biochemical tools for HM remediation processes, molecular mechanisms for HM detoxification, how metallomics and metalloproteomics are affected by heavy metal stress in plants, and the role of ROS metabolism in the alleviation of heavy metals. Some chapters also focus on recent developments in the field of phytoremediation. Overall the book presents in-depth information and the most essential advances in the field of heavy metal toxicity in plants in recent years.
Book Synopsis Effect of Heavy Metal Pollution on Plants by : N. W. Lepp
Download or read book Effect of Heavy Metal Pollution on Plants written by N. W. Lepp and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Trace metals occur as natural constituents of the earth's crust, and are ever present constituents of soils, natural waters and living matter. The biological significance of this disparate assemblage of elements has gradually been uncovered during the twentieth century; the resultant picture is one of ever-increasing complexity. Several of these elements have been demonstrated to be essential to the functions of living organisms, others appear to only interact with living matter in a toxic manner, whilst an ever-decreasing number do not fall conveniently into either category. When the interactions between trace metals and plants are considered, one must take full account of the known chemical properties of each element. Consideration must be given to differences in chemical reactivity, solubility and to interactions with other inorganic and organic molecules. A clear understanding of the basic chemical properties of an element of interest is an essential pre-requisite to any subsequent consideration of its biological significance. Due consideration to basic chemical considerations is a theme which runs through the collection of chapters in both volumes.
Book Synopsis Metal Speciation, Mixtures and Environmental Health Impacts by : Eun Joo Park
Download or read book Metal Speciation, Mixtures and Environmental Health Impacts written by Eun Joo Park and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Numerous applications of heavy metal have caused to their wide contamination in the environmental system and raised serious concerns over potential harmful effects on public health and the environment. Water, sediment, and dietary food are the main exposure media of heavy metal pollution and key determinants of adverse human and environmental health effects. Heavy metal(s) toxicity and speciation involve various mechanistic features with specific media and some of them are not clearly investigated. In particular, biological effects such as toxicity are not related to the total concentration of heavy metals in media, and many laboratory and field studies have supported this supposition. Organisms respond to the bioaccessible and bioavailable fraction of metals only, not the total concentration. The bioaccessibility and bioavailability of toxicants are dependent on chemical properties of the contaminant, the many exposure pathways, and temporal variability of these variables with respect to uptake by the target organism. Usually, bioavailable fractions are estimated using chemical or biological approaches. For this study, biological approaches were performed to better ascertain the toxic effects of heavy metals on organisms. A better understanding of bioaccessibility and bioavailability can be a useful tool in exposure and risk assessment. Therefore, this study presents experimental designs focusing on assessing of the bioaccessibility and bioavailability of metals in aquatic, benthic organisms and dietary food. This study also examines the role of metal mixtures on the adverse effects of metals.
Book Synopsis Metal Toxicity and Tolerance in Plants and Animals by : V. P. Singh
Download or read book Metal Toxicity and Tolerance in Plants and Animals written by V. P. Singh and published by Sarup & Sons. This book was released on 2005 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Speciation of Metals in Water, Sediment and Soil Systems by : Lars Landner
Download or read book Speciation of Metals in Water, Sediment and Soil Systems written by Lars Landner and published by Springer. This book was released on 2006-04-10 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The particular behavior of trace metals in the environment is determined by their specific physico-chemical form rather than by their total concentration. The introduction of atomic absorption spectrometry has lead to a plethora of scientific papers and reports in which metal concentrations in the environment are only reported as total concentrations. Only recently has the need for improved knowledge on the various forms and bioavailability of metals been realised. Considerable research effort is now devoted to measuring the concentrations of trace metals in surface waters. Efforts are made to couple chemical analytical techniques to process-related biological problems. The proceedings of the workshop on The Speciation of Metals in Water, Sediment and Soil Systems held in Sunne, Sweden, comprise these efforts and show aspects for further cooperation between analytical chemists and biologists.
Book Synopsis The Effects of Heavy Metals on Denitrification in Wetland Sediment by : Ernest Aigbavbiere
Download or read book The Effects of Heavy Metals on Denitrification in Wetland Sediment written by Ernest Aigbavbiere and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2011-10 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Denitrification is an important process that helps to reduce soil sediments of nitrate. In a wetland environment denitrification process is a valuable process that helps to reduce nutrients build up that may result in algae bloom and with consequential ecosystem problems. The research "The effect of heavy metals on denitrification in wetland sediment" aimed at looking at how sediments with various load of heavy metals contaminants could affect the efficiency of denitrification process. The investigation was carried in the laboratory using sediments sampled from the constructed wetland in Linkoping, which receive effluents from sewage treatment plant. Wetland has a unique relevance both as a habitat for many species of plants and animals, but also a place for numerous biochemical processes.I am delighted to present you some of the findings and discussions. The book has element of environmental chemistry and will invaluable for teaching and learning in environmental science for colleges.I am highly grateful to the staff members of Water and Environmental Studies, Linkoping University, particularly Prof Bo Svensson for the supervision and suggestion.
Book Synopsis Uptake of Heavy Metals by Vegetable Plants Grown on Contaminated Soils, Their Bioavailability and Speciation by : Marisa Intawongse
Download or read book Uptake of Heavy Metals by Vegetable Plants Grown on Contaminated Soils, Their Bioavailability and Speciation written by Marisa Intawongse and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This research aimed to investigate the bioavailability of 9 metals (Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mo, Cd, and Pb) to vegetable crops (spinach, lettuce, carrot and radish) cultivated in compost soils at different levels of metal contamination. The uptake and accumulation of these metals by the plants were examined. The elemental speciation using SEC-UV-ICP-MS and Nanospray Mass Spectrometry had been performed to characterize the metal containing species induced in the plants exposed to metal stress. In order to evaluate potential health risks arising from ingestion of the metal contaminated plants, the oral bioaccessibility i.e. the use of an in vitro physiologically based extraction test (PBET) simulating the transition of the metal pollutants in the plants into the human gastrointestinal system was undertaken. It was found that, with the exception of Cr, metal concentrations (Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mo and Cd) in lettuce, spinach, carrot and radish depended on the concentrations of the total metal in the soils in which the plants were grown. For Pb, the amounts accumulated in the leafy vegetables also depended on their levels of contamination in the soils while the root vegetables had rather low uptake and the uptake levels did not increase when higher levels of contamination were applied. Mn, Fe and Zn were relatively easily mobilised from soils to plants; they tended to accumulate in all plants studied at high concentrations. The elements which were more enriched in leaves included Mn and Zn (in all plant types), and Fe and Cd (only in the root vegetables). In contrast, Fe, Ni, Cu, Mo and Pb were accumulated more in roots of the leafy vegetables. Among all plants studied, it was observed that carrot had low uptake for all elements (Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Cd and Pb), except for Mn, Fe, Zn which were found in all plants. The metal mobilised from soil to plant as indicated by the metal contents accumulated in the plants decreased in the order Mn” Zn> Fe> Cu> Mo> Ni> Cd> Pb Cr. The metal bioavailability to plants was assessed by measuring transfer factor (TF) values of the metals based on total metal contents in the soils. It was found that the order of TF values was Mn> Zn” Cd> Ni> Cu> Mo Pb> Cr Fe. The mean TF values of each element irrespective of plant types were 1.93, 1.77, 0.485, 0.194, 0.111, 0.052, 0.045, 0.037 and 0.036 for Mn, Zn, Cd, Ni, Cu, Mo, Pb, Cr, and Fe, respectively. Hence, Mn and Zn were most bioavailable to plants i.e. they can be transferred from soils to plants more easily than Ni, Cu, Mo, Pb, Cr and Fe. Whereas, the bioavailability of Cd was relatively moderate. In addition, the results enabled the development of statistical regression models that are suited to predict metal uptake by plants. It indicated that the relationship between the TF values and the extractable soil metals followed the power regression curve. However, there were some cases in which it did not follow the power regression curve but a linear model, these are; Mn (for carrot leaves and radish roots), Mo (for spinach roots and carrot roots), and Cd (for lettuce leaves, spinach roots and leaves and carrot roots). In the multi-elemental speciation study, it was found that a common association of the metals (Cd, Cu, Mo, Pb, and Zn) to the high molecular weight (MW) fractions (8160 Da) was observed in all plant extracts. The lower MW fractions of approximately 1000? 3000 Da of Cd, Cu, Mo, Ni, Pb, and Zn containing compounds were found to be present in all plant extracts. Iron was not detected in the roots of carrot and radish, but present as both high MW (8200 Da) and low MW (2500 Da) compounds in the leaves of spinach and lettuce. To characterize the individual metal containing species present in the plant samples, the Nanospray Mass Spectrometry was employed. Unfortunately, no evidence from this analysis can confirm that these compounds are related to the phytochelatin family. The PBET (Physiologically-Based Extraction Test) results indicated that the Cr and Pb bioaccessibility of the plant samples were similar in the gastric phase i.e. relatively low amounts of the metals were extracted in all plants. Whereas, there was greater bioaccesibility for both Cr and Pb in the intestinal extraction. For Fe, the high content was dissolved in the gastric and intestinal phases for carrot and radish, while there were slightly smaller amounts found in lettuce and spinach. Mn, Zn, Cu, Ni, Mo and Cd had similar bioaccessibility i.e. most of the metal contents were dissolved in the gastric and intestinal phase for every vegetable plant studied and this indicates the potential for absorption.
Book Synopsis Impact of Heavy Metals on the Environment by : Jean-Pierre Vernet
Download or read book Impact of Heavy Metals on the Environment written by Jean-Pierre Vernet and published by Elsevier Publishing Company. This book was released on 1992 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Highlighted in this compilation of papers is the role and importance of heavy metals in the environment. It provides up-to-date information in a field of active research and progress, where the focus is on effects and interactions between the environment and organisms, as well as contaminant dynamics. Several papers address the impact of heavy metals on our health. The influence of metals on plants is described in an exhaustive study on lichens, which have been widely used as biomonitors for environmental contamination by heavy metals. Metals are also accumulated by animals, as seen in a chapter which focusses on sediment/benthic organism interactions and biomonitoring in fish. Soil interactions are discussed, as well as regional studies of freshwater sediments and the marine environment. The final part of the book addresses a crucial problem: the management of stabilized municipal waste sludges. As a result, the most important and significant recent trends are included, emphasizing interactions with and impacts of heavy metals on humans, animals, plants and soils.
Book Synopsis Soil Microbiology, Ecology and Biochemistry by : Eldor Paul
Download or read book Soil Microbiology, Ecology and Biochemistry written by Eldor Paul and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-11-14 with total page 603 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fourth edition of Soil Microbiology, Ecology and Biochemistry updates this widely used reference as the study and understanding of soil biota, their function, and the dynamics of soil organic matter has been revolutionized by molecular and instrumental techniques, and information technology. Knowledge of soil microbiology, ecology and biochemistry is central to our understanding of organisms and their processes and interactions with their environment. In a time of great global change and increased emphasis on biodiversity and food security, soil microbiology and ecology has become an increasingly important topic. Revised by a group of world-renowned authors in many institutions and disciplines, this work relates the breakthroughs in knowledge in this important field to its history as well as future applications. The new edition provides readable, practical, impactful information for its many applied and fundamental disciplines. Professionals turn to this text as a reference for fundamental knowledge in their field or to inform management practices. New section on "Methods in Studying Soil Organic Matter Formation and Nutrient Dynamics" to balance the two successful chapters on microbial and physiological methodology Includes expanded information on soil interactions with organisms involved in human and plant disease Improved readability and integration for an ever-widening audience in his field Integrated concepts related to soil biota, diversity, and function allow readers in multiple disciplines to understand the complex soil biota and their function
Book Synopsis Heavy Metal Pollution and Its Phytoremediation Through Wetland Plants by : Prabhat Kumar Rai
Download or read book Heavy Metal Pollution and Its Phytoremediation Through Wetland Plants written by Prabhat Kumar Rai and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Industrialisation and urbanisation have led to the rapid deterioration in the water quality of rivers, lakes and reservoirs. Heavy metal pollution in aquatic ecosystems has become the most important point for discussion in recent years. The problem of heavy metal pollution is emerging as a matter of concern at local, regional and also at global scales. Heavy metal pollution in aquatic ecosystems pose serious threats to aquatic biodiversity, and drinking of contaminated water pose severe health hazards in humans. Therefore, the focus of attention has been shifted from mere monitoring of environmental conditions to the development of alternative means to solve the environmental problems at local and global levels. This new book discusses how economic aspects and side effects of conventional treatment technologies in aquatic ecosystems paved way to phytoremediation technology.
