Effect Of Process Parameters And Die Design On The Orientation Of Reinforcement Fibers In Extruded Polymer Composite

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Effect of Process Parameters and Die Design on the Orientation of Reinforcement Fibers in Extruded Polymer Composite

Author : Amirreza Khorsand
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (135 download)

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Book Synopsis Effect of Process Parameters and Die Design on the Orientation of Reinforcement Fibers in Extruded Polymer Composite by : Amirreza Khorsand

Download or read book Effect of Process Parameters and Die Design on the Orientation of Reinforcement Fibers in Extruded Polymer Composite written by Amirreza Khorsand and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Three micro-structural parameters that influence the mechanical properties of discontinuous fiber thermoplastic composites are Fiber Orientation Distribution (FOD), Fiber Length Distribution (FLD) and fiber volume fraction (Vf). During manufacturing FOD in a composite would change due to fiber rotation caused by shear flow, extensional flow or a combination of both. Previous studies on flow-induced orientation is limited only to injection molding, capillary and parallel plate rheometers. Knowledge on the combined effect of die design and process variables on fiber orientation during extrusion of composites using a twin screw extruder is currently not available Developing this knowledge is the goal of this thesis. HDPE (High Density Polyethylene)fibers and HDPE composite fibers consisting of the each of the following reinforcements (micron-sized glass fibers (aspect ratio of 27), glass spheres (aspect ratio of 1), and carbon nano tubes (CNT) were extruded by varying die design (9 dies),screw speed, and reinforcement volume fraction in the feed. The FOD) and Vf in the composite melt, determined using X-ray tomography of the frozen samples, was found to vary along the extrusion line as well as with the variables identified above. Hence, the viscosity of the melt, determined using Cogswell approach and verified independently using rheometer measurements and modeled using modified Ausias' model, also varied. The change in FOD in the melt within the die due to imposed extensional and shear strains was successfully modeled using Dihn-Armstrong model. The change in the viscosity of the melt within the die due to changes in FOD together with pressure gradient across the die, which develops concurrently, determined the mass flow rate (i.e volumetric flow rate) of composite melt out of the die. This demand on mass flow rate imposed by the die was met by the extruder by varying the amount of melt coming out of the reservoir (at the end of the screws).Simulation suggests that shear strain results in better orientation than extensional strain.. The die with least cone angle (30o) resulted in maximum fiber orientation and output mass flow rate at least die pressure, when compared to other dies for the same feed rate and screw speed.

Flow-Induced Alignment in Composite Materials

Author : T. D. Papathanasiou
Publisher : Woodhead Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9781855732544
Total Pages : 384 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (325 download)

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Book Synopsis Flow-Induced Alignment in Composite Materials by : T. D. Papathanasiou

Download or read book Flow-Induced Alignment in Composite Materials written by T. D. Papathanasiou and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 1997-10-21 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of aligning short fibers in a fiber-reinforced material is to improve the mechanical properties of the resulting composite. Aligning the fibers, generally in a preferred direction, allows them to contribute as much as possible to reinforcing the material. In some cases, the mechanical properties of these aligned, short-fiber composites can approach those of continuous-fiber composites, with the advantages of lower production costs and greater ease of production. Since its publication, this book has been consistently recognized as one of the most important contributions to this field.

Machining and Machinability of Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites

Author : Mohamed Thariq Hameed Sultan
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 981334153X
Total Pages : 346 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (133 download)

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Book Synopsis Machining and Machinability of Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites by : Mohamed Thariq Hameed Sultan

Download or read book Machining and Machinability of Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites written by Mohamed Thariq Hameed Sultan and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-12-22 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers current advances and practices in machining fibre-reinforced polymer composites under various conventional and nonconventional processes. It presents recent research and practices for effective and efficient machining of difficult-to-cut material, providing the technological ‘know-how’ on delamination-free of drilling, milling, trimming, and other cutting processes on fibre-reinforced polymer composites. It also guides the reader on the selection of optimum machining parameters, tool materials, as well as tool geometry. This book is of interest to academicians, students, researchers, practitioners, and industrialists working in aerospace, automotive, marine, and construction industries.

Machinability of Fibre-Reinforced Plastics

Author : J. Paulo Davim
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN 13 : 3110292254
Total Pages : 210 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (12 download)

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Book Synopsis Machinability of Fibre-Reinforced Plastics by : J. Paulo Davim

Download or read book Machinability of Fibre-Reinforced Plastics written by J. Paulo Davim and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2015-06-16 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents polymer-based fibre reinforced composite materials and addresses the characteristics of these widely used materials like low density and coefficient of thermal expansion, specific strength with better fatigue resistance and modulus. The topics discussed are laser-based material machining, high-speed robotic end milling and LFRP modeling, including definitions, features, machine elements (system set-up) as well as experimental and theoretical investigations. These investigations include effects of input variables (tool rotation speed, feed rate and ultrasonic power) on cutting force, torque, cutting temperature, edge quality, surface roughness, burning of machined surface, tool wear, material removal rate, power consumption and feasible regions. Further a detailed literature review on drilling polymer composites with a focus on delamination is included. Aspects such as delamination mechanisms, fabrication methods, the type of drilling process adopted by various researchers, cutting parameters employed during drilling, mathematical delamination modelling, effect of thrust force, spindle speed, thermal loads, tool wear, surface roughness, tool geometry and tool materials on delamination and hole quality are summarized. In addition an approach of digital image processing in delamination assessment completes the approach. - Discusses Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics modern technologies for automated, highly productive and cost efficient processing. - Great value for final undergraduate engineering courses or as a topic on manufacturing with FRPs at the postgraduate level as well as a useful reference for academics, researchers, manufacturing, mechanical and materials engineers, professionals in machining of FRPs and related industries.

Wood-Polymer Composites

Author : K O Niska
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 1845694570
Total Pages : 383 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (456 download)

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Book Synopsis Wood-Polymer Composites by : K O Niska

Download or read book Wood-Polymer Composites written by K O Niska and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2008-05-29 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wood-polymer composites (WPC) are materials in which wood is impregnated with monomers that are then polymerised in the wood to tailor the material for special applications. The resulting properties of these materials, from lightness and enhanced mechanical properties to greater sustainability, has meant a growing number of applications in such areas as building, construction and automotive engineering. This important book reviews the manufacture of wood-polymer composites, how their properties can be assessed and improved and their range of uses.After an introductory chapter, the book reviews key aspects of manufacture, including raw materials, manufacturing technologies and interactions between wood and synthetic polymers. Building on this foundation, the following group of chapters discusses mechanical and other properties such as durability, creep behaviour and processing performance. The book concludes by looking at orientated wood-polymer composites, wood-polymer composite foams, at ways of assessing performance and at the range of current and future applications.With its distinguished editors and international team of contributors, Wood-polymer composites is a valuable reference for all those using and studying these important materials. Provides a comprehensive survey of major new developments in wood-polymer composites Reviews the key aspects of manufacture, including raw materials and manufacturing technologies Discusses properties such as durability, creep behaviour and processing performance

Polypropylene Handbook

Author : József Karger-Kocsis
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3030129039
Total Pages : 648 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Polypropylene Handbook by : József Karger-Kocsis

Download or read book Polypropylene Handbook written by József Karger-Kocsis and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-03-18 with total page 648 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book extensively reviews Polypropylene (PP), the second most widely produced thermoplastic material, having been produced for over 60 years. Its synthesis, processing and application are still accompanied by vigorous R&D developments because the properties of PP are at the borderline between those of commodity and engineering thermoplastics. Readers are introduced to various tacticities and polymorphs of PP, and their effects on structural properties. Further, the book addresses the control of optical properties using nucleants, provides strategies for overcoming the limited cold/impact resistance of PP, examines in detail the effects of recycling, and presents guidelines for the property modification of PPs through foaming, filling and reinforcing with respect to target applications. Special attention is paid to descriptions and models of properties as a function of morphological variables. Last but not least, the book suggests potential practical applications of PP-based systems, especially in the packaging, appliances, building/construction, textile and automotive sectors. Each chapter, written by internationally respected scientists, reflects the current state-of-art in the respective field and offers a vital source of information for students, researchers and engineers interested in the morphology, properties, testing and modeling of PP and PP-based systems. The content is indispensable to the appropriate application of PPs and related composites.

Fiber-reinforced Composites

Author : P. K. Mallick
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 494 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Fiber-reinforced Composites by : P. K. Mallick

Download or read book Fiber-reinforced Composites written by P. K. Mallick and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 494 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Chemical Abstracts

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 2626 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Chemical Abstracts by :

Download or read book Chemical Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 2626 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Modern Physical Metallurgy and Materials Engineering

Author : R. E. Smallman
Publisher : Butterworth-Heinemann
ISBN 13 : 9780750645645
Total Pages : 456 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (456 download)

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Book Synopsis Modern Physical Metallurgy and Materials Engineering by : R. E. Smallman

Download or read book Modern Physical Metallurgy and Materials Engineering written by R. E. Smallman and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 1999-12-08 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The sixth edition of Modern Physical Metallurgy provides a comprehensive overview of the structure of matter, the physical properties of materials and their mechanical behaviour and some of the most recent advances in physical metallurgy.

Flow-Induced Alignment in Composite Materials

Author : T.D. Papthanasiou
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0128185740
Total Pages : 398 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)

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Book Synopsis Flow-Induced Alignment in Composite Materials by : T.D. Papthanasiou

Download or read book Flow-Induced Alignment in Composite Materials written by T.D. Papthanasiou and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-10-21 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of aligning short fibers in a fiber-reinforced material is to improve the mechanical properties of the resulting composite. Aligning the fibers, generally in a preferred direction, allows them to contribute as much as possible to reinforcing the material. The first edition of this book detailed, in a single volume, the science, processing, applications, characterization and properties of composite materials reinforced with short fibers that have been orientated in a preferred direction by flows arising during processing. The technology of fiber-reinforced composites is continually evolving and this new edition provides timely and much needed information about this important class of engineering materials. Each of the original chapters have been brought fully up-to-date and new developments such as: the advent of nano-composites and the issues relating to their alignment; the wider use of long-fiber composites and the appearance of models able to capture their orientation during flow; the wider use of flows in micro-channels in the context of composites fabrication; and the increase in computing power, which has made relevant simulations (especially coupling flow kinematics to fiber content and orientation) much easier to perform are all covered in detail. The book will be an essential up-to-date reference resource for materials scientists, students, and engineers who are working in the relevant areas of particulate composites, short fiber-reinforced composites or nanocomposites. Presents recent progress on flow-induced alignment, modelling and design of fiber and particulate filled polymer composites Discusses important advances such as alignment of CNTs in polymer nanocomposites and molecular alignment of polymers induced by the injection molding process in the presence of fillers such as short fibers Presents fiber interaction/diffusion modelling and also the fiber flexure/breakage models

Solid State Extrusion of Wood Fiber-polymer Composite

Author : Saleh Al-Awairdy
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 172 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (426 download)

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Book Synopsis Solid State Extrusion of Wood Fiber-polymer Composite by : Saleh Al-Awairdy

Download or read book Solid State Extrusion of Wood Fiber-polymer Composite written by Saleh Al-Awairdy and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Integrated Design and Manufacture Using Fibre-reinforced Polymeric Composites

Author : M J Owen
Publisher : Woodhead Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9780849308581
Total Pages : 426 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (85 download)

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Book Synopsis Integrated Design and Manufacture Using Fibre-reinforced Polymeric Composites by : M J Owen

Download or read book Integrated Design and Manufacture Using Fibre-reinforced Polymeric Composites written by M J Owen and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2000-07-31 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Integrated Design and Manufacture Using Fibre-Reinforced Polymeric Composites examines the exploitation of FRP in the design of engineering components in the production of cost effective products. In particular, it focuses on the processes involved in the industrial design of components that utilizes composite materials. It also demonstrates the techniques involved in making the appropriate material selection and design specification choices.

Continuous–Discontinuous Fiber-Reinforced Polymers

Author : Thomas Böhlke
Publisher : Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH Co KG
ISBN 13 : 1569906939
Total Pages : 448 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (699 download)

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Book Synopsis Continuous–Discontinuous Fiber-Reinforced Polymers by : Thomas Böhlke

Download or read book Continuous–Discontinuous Fiber-Reinforced Polymers written by Thomas Böhlke and published by Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH Co KG. This book was released on 2019-08-05 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discontinuous long fiber reinforced polymer structures with local continuous fiber reinforcements represent an important class of lightweight materials with broad design possibilities and diverse technical applications, e.g. in vehicle construction. However, in contrast to continuous fiber reinforced composites, extensively used in the aircraft industry, there is still a lack of integrated and experimentally proven concepts for manufacture, modeling, and dimensioning of combinations of discontinuously and continuously reinforced polymer structures. This is partly ascribed to the complexity of the manufacturing processes of discontinuously reinforced polymers, with heterogeneous, anisotropic, and nonlinear material and structural properties, but also to the resulting bonding problem of both material types. This book addresses these issues, including both continuous and discontinuous fiber processing strategies. Specific design strategies for advanced composite reinforcement strategies are provided, with an integrated and holistic approach taken for composites material selection, product design, and mechanical properties. Characterization, simulation, technology, design, future research, and implementation directions are also included. Especially in the field of application of three-dimensional load-bearing structures, this book provides an excellent foundation for the enhancement of scientific methods and the education of engineers who need an interdisciplinary understanding of process and material techniques, as well as simulation and product development methods.

Direct Processing of Long Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites and their Mechanical Behavior under Static and Dynamic Load

Author : Melanie Rohde-Tibitanzl
Publisher : Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH Co KG
ISBN 13 : 1569906300
Total Pages : 221 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (699 download)

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Book Synopsis Direct Processing of Long Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites and their Mechanical Behavior under Static and Dynamic Load by : Melanie Rohde-Tibitanzl

Download or read book Direct Processing of Long Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites and their Mechanical Behavior under Static and Dynamic Load written by Melanie Rohde-Tibitanzl and published by Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH Co KG. This book was released on 2015-12-07 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The mechanical behavior of fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites is mainly influenced by fiber length. However, fiber length is strongly reduced during processing. For this reason direct processing techniques are increasingly applied in order to avoid fiber fracture and thus to generate composites with long fibers. This work investigates the influence of fiber length especially on fatigue behavior of thermoplastic composites. The processing influences on fiber length of composites during injection molding compounding are thereby analyzed and quantified. It is thus shown how to directly influence fiber length in the composite.

Extrusion

Author : Harold F. Giles Jr
Publisher : William Andrew
ISBN 13 : 1437734820
Total Pages : 638 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (377 download)

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Book Synopsis Extrusion by : Harold F. Giles Jr

Download or read book Extrusion written by Harold F. Giles Jr and published by William Andrew. This book was released on 2013-09-21 with total page 638 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second edition of Extrusion is designed to aid operators, engineers, and managers in extrusion processing in quickly answering practical day-to-day questions. The first part of the book provides the fundamental principles, for operators and engineers, of polymeric materials extrusion processing in single and twin screw extruders. The next section covers advanced topics including troubleshooting, auxiliary equipment, and coextrusion for operators, engineers, and managers. The final part provides applications case studies in key areas for engineers such as compounding, blown film, extrusion blow molding, coating, foam, and reprocessing. This practical guide to extrusion brings together both equipment and materials processing aspects. It covers basic and advanced topics, for reference and training, in thermoplastics processing in the extruder. Detailed reference data are provided on such important operating conditions as temperatures, start-up procedures, shear rates, pressure drops, and safety. A practical guide to the selection, design and optimization of extrusion processes and equipment Designed to improve production efficiency and product quality Focuses on practical fault analysis and troubleshooting techniques

Analysis of Natural Fiber Orientation in Polymer Composites Produced by Injection Molding Process

Author : Rajasekaran Karthikeyan
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (133 download)

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Book Synopsis Analysis of Natural Fiber Orientation in Polymer Composites Produced by Injection Molding Process by : Rajasekaran Karthikeyan

Download or read book Analysis of Natural Fiber Orientation in Polymer Composites Produced by Injection Molding Process written by Rajasekaran Karthikeyan and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Short fiber reinforced polymer composites (SFRPC) produced by injection molding process have established a commercial utilization in all sectors due to low cost and lower weight of the components. The polymers are reinforced with natural fibers to improve their performance. The orientation of short natural fibers in the polymer composite influences the mechanical performance. This research thus focused on the prediction of natural fiber orientation using a theoretical model and then studied the mechanical properties of natural fiber reinforced composites. The theoretical model was derived by incorporating the shape factor of natural fibers into the angular velocity of the fluid element in order to predict the orientation during the injection molding process. The ANSYS- FLUENT software was used to find the velocity distribution in the fluid domain, from which the angular velocity of the fluid element and the orientation angle were found numerically. This numerical orientation result was then compared to the experimental data. The orientation angle of rigid particles rotating at a fixed distance from the inlet gate was measured by an experimental method where a transparent cavity was filled through an injection molding process An experimental setup was developed to study the orientation behavior of short natural fibers in the flowing viscous fluid. Two experimental case studies were conducted to validate the orientation angles of natural fibers using the derived equation. The case study was performed in two molds with one of varying section, and another wide area section and the experimental orientation angles were compared with the numerical predictions. The numerical results of the flow front and velocity distribution obtained from simulation software were compared with digitized images of the flow front from the experimental method. The natural fibers have improved the strength and modulus of the composites. The composite specimens were produced for different compositions of sisal fiber using compression-molding process and the mechanical properties of the composites were studied. An increase in tensile strength, tear strength, and improved hardness was observed in sisal fiber composites. The morphological study using X-ray tomography and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) has shown the defects, and the fiber orientation. Short fiber reinforced polymer composites (SFRPC) produced by injection molding process have established a commercial utilization in all sectors due to low cost and lower weight of the components. The polymers are reinforced with natural fibers to improve their performance. The orientation of short natural fibers in the polymer composite influences the mechanical performance. This research thus focused on the prediction of natural fiber orientation using a theoretical model and then studied the mechanical properties of natural fiber reinforced composites. The theoretical model was derived by incorporating the shape factor of natural fibers into the angular velocity of the fluid element in order to predict the orientation during the injection molding process. The ANSYS- FLUENT software was used to find the velocity distribution in the fluid domain, from which the angular velocity of the fluid element and the orientation angle were found numerically. This numerical orientation result was then compared to the experimental data. The orientation angle of rigid particles rotating at a fixed distance from the inlet gate was measured by an experimental method where a transparent cavity was filled through an injection molding process An experimental setup was developed to study the orientation behavior of short natural fibers in the flowing viscous fluid. Two experimental case studies were conducted to validate the orientation angles of natural fibers using the derived equation. The case study was performed in two molds with one of varying section, and another wide area section and the experimental orientation angles were compared with the numerical predictions. The numerical results of the flow front and velocity distribution obtained from simulation software were compared with digitized images of the flow front from the experimental method. The natural fibers have improved the strength and modulus of the composites. The composite specimens were produced for different compositions of sisal fiber using compression-molding process and the mechanical properties of the composites were studied. An increase in tensile strength, tear strength, and improved hardness was observed in sisal fiber composites. The morphological study using X-ray tomography and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) has shown the defects, and the fiber orientation.

Science and Engineering of Short Fibre-Reinforced Polymer Composites

Author : Shao-yun Fu
Publisher : Woodhead Publishing
ISBN 13 : 0081026242
Total Pages : 470 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (81 download)

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Book Synopsis Science and Engineering of Short Fibre-Reinforced Polymer Composites by : Shao-yun Fu

Download or read book Science and Engineering of Short Fibre-Reinforced Polymer Composites written by Shao-yun Fu and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2019-08-24 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Science and Engineering of Short Fibre Reinforced Polymer Composites, Second Edition, provides the latest information on the ‘short fiber reinforced composites' (SFRP) that have found extensive applications in automobiles, business machines, durable consumer items, sporting goods and electrical industries due to their low cost, easy processing and superior mechanical properties over parent polymers. This updated edition presents new developments in this field of research and includes new chapters on electrical conductivity, structural monitoring, functional properties, self-healing, finite element method techniques, multi-scale SFRCs, and both modern computational and process engineering methods. Reviews the mechanical properties and functions of short fiber reinforced polymer composites (SFRP) Examines recent developments in the fundamental mechanisms of SFRP's Assesses major factors affecting mechanical performance, such as stress transfer and strength Includes new chapters on electrical conductivity, structural monitoring, functional properties, self-healing, finite element method techniques, multi-scale SFRCs, modern computational methods, and process engineering methods