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Effect Of Network Structure Topology On Mechanical Properties Of Crosslinked Polymers
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Book Synopsis Effect of Network Structure/Topology on Mechanical Properties of Crosslinked Polymers by : Majid Sharifi
Download or read book Effect of Network Structure/Topology on Mechanical Properties of Crosslinked Polymers written by Majid Sharifi and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 652 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The interest in epoxy thermosetting polymers is widespread (e.g. Boeing 787 Dreamliner, windmill blades, automobiles, coatings, adhesives, etc.), and a demand still exists for improving toughness of these materials without degrading advantageous properties such as strength, modulus, and Tg. This study introduces novel approaches for improving the intrinsic mechanical characteristics of these polymers. The designed synthetic techniques focus on developing polymer materials with the same overall compositions but varying in network topologies, with distinct topological features in the size range of 5-50 nm, measured by SAXS and SEM. It was found that without altering chemical structure, the network topology of a dense thermoset can be engineered such that, under mechanical deformation, nano-cavities open and dissipate energy before rupturing covalent bonds, producing a tougher material without sacrificing strength, modulus, and even glass transition temperature. Modified structures also revealed higher resistance to fracture than the corresponding control structures. The major fracture mechanism responsible for the increased energy dissipation was found to be nano-cavitation. SEM images from the fracture surfaces showed clear cavities on the modified samples whereas none were seen on the fracture surface of the control samples. Overall, it was demonstrated that network topology can be used to tailor thermal and mechanical properties of thermosetting polymers. The experimental methodologies in this dissertation can directly and economically be applied to design polymeric materials with improved properties for desired applications. Although topology-based toughening was investigated on epoxy-amine polymers, the concept can be extended to most thermoset chemistries and perhaps to other brittle network forming materials.
Download or read book Polymer Networks written by A. Chompff and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 494 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For several decades, polymer science has sought to rationalize the mechanical and thermodynamic properties of polymer networks largely within the framework of statistical thermodynamics. Much of this effort has been directed toward the rubbery rather than the glassy state. It is generally assumed that networks possess an av erage composition to which average properties may be assigned; from such a continuum view, a powerful analysis of such properties as modulus, swelling, birefringence and thermoelasticity has emerged. In the years following the rise of polymer characterization (the late 40's and early 50's), many scientists began to study ap parent relations between the properties of linear polymer molecules and the networks obtainable therefrom. This search was also stimu lated by the wide range of applications of polymer networks in com mercial elastomers, thermosets and coatings. Frequently, these data were confidently matched with curves obtained from statisti cally describable models of networks of ghost chains, uniformly distributed in space. More recently, it has become apparent that polymer chains in networks are not as ideal as assumed in the formulation of statis tical models, and there has been a shift in emphasis towards the less than ideal, perturbed and possibly inhomogeneous networks which are more frequently encountered in practice. The continuum approach, however, had to be developed before inhomogeneous systems could be described; the present volume, therefore, contains both views.
Book Synopsis Chemistry and Properties of Crosslinked Polymers by : Labana
Download or read book Chemistry and Properties of Crosslinked Polymers written by Labana and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 596 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chemistry and Properties of Crosslinked Polymers provides a description of the structure property relationship, chemistry, and methods of characterization of crosslinked polymers. The book presents papers that discuss experimental techniques to study polymer network structure; deduction of information on network structure from theoretical considerations; interpenetrating polymer networks; crosslinked polymers for high temperature applications; a novel class of polyurethanes; crosslinking agents; and the influence of crosslinking agents on thermal and mechanical properties. The text will be of value to materials scientists and engineers, chemists, and researchers in the field of polymer science.
Book Synopsis Structure and Properties of Crosslinked Polymers by : Gasan M Magomedov
Download or read book Structure and Properties of Crosslinked Polymers written by Gasan M Magomedov and published by Smithers Rapra. This book was released on 2011-03-23 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book gives a fresh point of view on the curing processes, structure and properties of crosslinked polymers. The general view is that the structure and properties of crosslinked polymers are defined by their density, this book demonstrates that the parameters are defined by the supermolecular (a more precisely, supersegmental structure) of the crosslinked polymers.The quantitative relationships of the structures/properties are obtained for these polymers. Using an epoxy polymer as a nanofiller for a nanocomposite is discussed and a new class of polymer is proposed. The introduction of the nanofiller gives variation in the mechanical properties, degree of crystallinity, gas permeability and so on. The use of these crosslinked polymers as natural nanocomposites is proposed. Practical methods of crosslinked polymer's supersegmental structure regulation are considered, and all the changes that this gives their properties are detailed.This book will be of significance to all material scientists and students of material science.
Book Synopsis Structures and Properties of Rubberlike Networks by : Burak Erman
Download or read book Structures and Properties of Rubberlike Networks written by Burak Erman and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1997 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rubber elasticity is an important sub-field of polymer science. This book is in many ways a sequel to the authors' previous, more introductory book, Rubberlike Elasticity: A Molecular Primer (Wiley-Interscience, 1988), and will in some respects replace the now classic book by L.R.G. Treloar, The Physics of Rubber Elasticity (Oxford, 1975). The present book has much in common with its predecessor, in particular its strong emphasis on molecular concepts and theories. Similarly, only equilibrium properties are covered in any detail. Though this book treats much of the same subject matter, it is a more comprehensive, more up-to-date, and somewhat more sophisticated treatment.
Book Synopsis Polymer Networks by : American Chemical Society
Download or read book Polymer Networks written by American Chemical Society and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 507 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Polymer Networks written by and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Analysis Of The Structure And Properties Of High-crosslinked Polymer Networks by : A. A. Askadskii
Download or read book Analysis Of The Structure And Properties Of High-crosslinked Polymer Networks written by A. A. Askadskii and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1992 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Crosslinking and Scission in Polymers by : O. Güven
Download or read book Crosslinking and Scission in Polymers written by O. Güven and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1990-01-31 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute on Advanced Methods of Determination of Crosslinking and Scission in Polymers and Their Effects on Mechanical Properties, Kemer-Antalya, Turkey, September 4-16, 1988
Download or read book Polymer Networks written by A. Chompff and published by Springer. This book was released on 1971-08-01 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For several decades, polymer science has sought to rationalize the mechanical and thermodynamic properties of polymer networks largely within the framework of statistical thermodynamics. Much of this effort has been directed toward the rubbery rather than the glassy state. It is generally assumed that networks possess an av erage composition to which average properties may be assigned; from such a continuum view, a powerful analysis of such properties as modulus, swelling, birefringence and thermoelasticity has emerged. In the years following the rise of polymer characterization (the late 40's and early 50's), many scientists began to study ap parent relations between the properties of linear polymer molecules and the networks obtainable therefrom. This search was also stimu lated by the wide range of applications of polymer networks in com mercial elastomers, thermosets and coatings. Frequently, these data were confidently matched with curves obtained from statisti cally describable models of networks of ghost chains, uniformly distributed in space. More recently, it has become apparent that polymer chains in networks are not as ideal as assumed in the formulation of statis tical models, and there has been a shift in emphasis towards the less than ideal, perturbed and possibly inhomogeneous networks which are more frequently encountered in practice. The continuum approach, however, had to be developed before inhomogeneous systems could be described; the present volume, therefore, contains both views.
Book Synopsis Polymer Networks: Structure and Mechanical Properties: Proceedings of the ACS Symposium on Highly Cross-Linked Polymer Networks, Held in Chicago, Illinois, September 14-15, 1970 by : A J. CHOMPFF
Download or read book Polymer Networks: Structure and Mechanical Properties: Proceedings of the ACS Symposium on Highly Cross-Linked Polymer Networks, Held in Chicago, Illinois, September 14-15, 1970 written by A J. CHOMPFF and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Synthesis of Novel Hydrogels with Unique Mechanical Properties by : Yi Cao
Download or read book Synthesis of Novel Hydrogels with Unique Mechanical Properties written by Yi Cao and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-12-23 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.
Book Synopsis Structural Modeling of Dynamic Polymer Networks by : Eric Allen Alt
Download or read book Structural Modeling of Dynamic Polymer Networks written by Eric Allen Alt and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Polymer network based gels are an important class of materials with a wide range of applications. Dynamic polymer networks, which crosslink via the formation of reversible bonds, in particular have great potential as stimuli responsive, mechanically tunable, and self-healing materials. Many important emergent properties of these materials, such as mechanical strength, are mediated by their underlying network structure, which can be characterized by the network topology and spatial distribution of nodes. Therefore, unlocking the full potential of these materials through rational design requires an understanding of how network structure arises as a function of network-forming precursor design. Because the bonds that crosslink dynamic polymer networks are reversible, stresses initially present or otherwise induced in these systems can be relieved through network rearrangement. As such, given sufficient time to relax, the network structure is determined by equilibrium thermodynamics. This work presents a thermodynamic formalism which characterizes the free energy of a network in terms of node positional, network topological, and polymer conformational entropies. Through this lens, and aided by numerical calculations and simulations of model networks, we show how the free energy landscape with respect to density relates to factors which can be readily controlled through precursor design, such as polymer length and node size. Additionally, Monte Carlo simulations of explicit networks reveal that thermodynamic relaxation can give rise to spatial heterogeneity in the arrangement of network nodes. In the last chapter we use the tools developed in the earlier chapters to explore how these same design parameters influence the topological statistics of equilibrium networks. In addition to showing how internode connectivity increases with polymer length and system density, we find that inhomogeneity due to spatial relaxation can also lead to greater network connectivity. Finally, we explore the weakening of network topologies due to substitution of polymer-linked node forming components with topologically non-functional counterparts, finding that larger nodes fare better than their smaller counterparts in maintaining network connectivity when these substitutions are made.
Book Synopsis Epoxy Adhesive Formulations by : Edward M. Petrie
Download or read book Epoxy Adhesive Formulations written by Edward M. Petrie and published by McGraw Hill Professional. This book was released on 2005-09-30 with total page 553 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Unmodified, epoxy resins cause certain problems for both the adhesive formulator and end-user. They are often rigid and brittle; hence, impact resistance and peel strength are poor. For decades, Chemist have been vigorously working to minimize these major shortcomings. Based on a popular course sponsored by the Society of Plastics Engineers and written by an authority in the field, this comprehensive text presents a variety of methods to accomplish what up to now has been a formidable task. Beginning with epoxy chemistry, moving on to fillers, filler treatments, and surfactants, and ending with current and future development in formulating Epoxy Adhesives, this rigorous text addressed the problem of improving flexibility, durability and strength by adding chemical groups to the epoxy structure either via the base resin or the curing agent or by adding separate flexibilizing resins to the formulation to create an epoxy-hybrid adhesive.
Book Synopsis Crosslinking-effect on Physical Properties of Polymers by : Lawrence E. Nielsen
Download or read book Crosslinking-effect on Physical Properties of Polymers written by Lawrence E. Nielsen and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 55 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A review is made of the theoretical and experimental results of the effect of crosslinking on the physical properties of polymers. Both rubbers and rigid polymers are considered. Topics covered include: Types of network structures, methods of characterizing crosslinked polymers, swelling behavior, glass transitions, elastic moduli and dynamic mechanical properties, creep, stress-strain behavior, thermal properties, and anisotropic networks. The review is written from the practical viewpoint of the experimental scientist who is using crosslinked polymers but who is not an expert on the theory of crosslinking. Areas are pointed out where adequate scientific background information is lacking. (Author).
Book Synopsis Controlling Polymer Network Topology by : Yuwei Gu (Ph.D.)
Download or read book Controlling Polymer Network Topology written by Yuwei Gu (Ph.D.) and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chapter 1: Introduction to Polymer Network Topology on a (Macro)Molecular Level Polymer network topology, comprising the ways in which strands and junctions are connected in polymer networks, plays a critical role in dictating many material properties. Here we discuss classical challenges in the field and review existing strategies to characterize and manipulate polymer network topology from a (macro)molecular level. Chapter 2: Semibatch Monomer Addition as a General Method to Tune and Enhance the Mechanics of Polymer Networks via Loop-defect Control In this chapter we introduce semibatch monomer addition as a general strategy to reduce/control an important topological feature at short length scale-primary loops, thus providing materials with tunable and significantly improved mechanical properties without changing their composition. Chapter 3: Leaving Groups as Traceless Topological Modifiers for Controlling Topological Structure in Chemically Identical Polymer Networks Here we report "traceless topological modification" as a general approach to control an important long length-scale topological feature-junction distribution. Using self-assembled structures as templates that are not themselves incorporated into the network, our method enables us to synthesize truly topologically isomeric networks with drastically different macroscopic properties. Chapter 4: Photoswitching Topology in Polymer Networks with Metal-Organic Cages as Crosslinks Based on our works in Chapter 2 and Chapter 3, we further explored topology as the central design principle to create novel functional materials. In this chapter we introduce topology switching via cooperative self-assembly as a design principle to reversibly alter multiple network properties simultaneously and enable the preparation of one material that can exist in multiple topological states. Chapter 5: Living Additive Manufacturing: Transformation of Parent Gels into Diversely Functionalized Daughter Gels Made Possible by Visible Light Photoredox Catalysis Our ability to control polymer network topology has been further enhanced by developing living additive manufacturing as an effective strategy to expand the original topology of parent networks in a photo-growth fashion. This approach enables us to transform the mechanical/physical properties of parent networks post-synthetically. Chapter 6: polyMOF Nanoparticles: Dual Roles of a Multivalent polyMOF Ligand in Size Control and Surface Functionalization Here we present a novel approach to synthesizing well defined metal-organic framework nanoparticles (MOF NPs), where the size control and surface functionalization of MOF-5 NPs were simultaneously achieved using multivalent polyMOF ligands.
Book Synopsis Polyrotaxane and Slide-Ring Materials by : Kohzo Ito
Download or read book Polyrotaxane and Slide-Ring Materials written by Kohzo Ito and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2016 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first book to cover the fundamentals and applications of polyrotaxane and slide-ring materials authored by their inventor.
