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Effect Of Engine Operating Conditions On The Size And Morphology Of Diesel Particulate Emissions
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Book Synopsis Effect of Engine Operating Conditions on the Size and Morphology of Diesel Particulate Emissions by : Adam Neer
Download or read book Effect of Engine Operating Conditions on the Size and Morphology of Diesel Particulate Emissions written by Adam Neer and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The size, morphology and volume fraction of sub-micron particulate matter emitted from a compression ignition (diesel) engine was investigated using thermophoretic sampling experiments followed by direct visual characterizations under transmission electron microscopy"--Abstract, leaf iii.
Book Synopsis The Effects of Engine Operating Conditions and Fuel Composition on the Detailed Characteristics of Diesel Exhaust by : Chol-Bum Kweon
Download or read book The Effects of Engine Operating Conditions and Fuel Composition on the Detailed Characteristics of Diesel Exhaust written by Chol-Bum Kweon and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Nanoparticle Emissions From Combustion Engines by : Jerzy Merkisz
Download or read book Nanoparticle Emissions From Combustion Engines written by Jerzy Merkisz and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-03-19 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on particulate matter emissions produced by vehicles with combustion engines. It describes the physicochemical properties of the particulate matter, the mechanisms of its formation and its environmental impacts (including those on human beings). It discusses methods for measuring particulate mass and number, including the state-of-the-art in Portable Emission Measurement System (PEMS) equipment for measuring the exhaust emissions of both light and heavy-duty vehicles and buses under actual operating conditions. The book presents the authors’ latest investigations into the relations between particulate emission (mass and number) and engine operating parameters, as well as their new findings obtained through road tests performed on various types of vehicles, including those using diesel particulate filter regeneration. The book, which addresses the needs of academics and professionals alike, also discusses relevant European regulations on particulate emissions and highlights selected methods aimed at the reduction of particulate emissions from automobiles.
Book Synopsis Sensitivity of the Detailed Characteristics of Diesel Particulate Matter Emissions Under Steady State, Light-load Engine Operation by : John C. Stetter
Download or read book Sensitivity of the Detailed Characteristics of Diesel Particulate Matter Emissions Under Steady State, Light-load Engine Operation written by John C. Stetter and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Investigation of Particulate Matter and Combustion Characteristics of a Diesel Engine Fueled with Palm Oil Methyl Ester and Diesel Blends by : Ahmad Fitri Bin Yusop
Download or read book Investigation of Particulate Matter and Combustion Characteristics of a Diesel Engine Fueled with Palm Oil Methyl Ester and Diesel Blends written by Ahmad Fitri Bin Yusop and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diesel engines are attractive power units that are used widely in many fields and have become one of the larger contributors of total petroleum consumption. However, diesel engines are among the main contributors to emissions into the air, especially particulate matter (PM) and nitrogen oxides (NOx). PM is one of the major pollutants emitted by diesel engines and has adverse effects on human health. However, not many studies have been conducted on the PM concentration and PM morphological and size distribution on biodiesel fuel. Biodiesel, which produces less PM than diesel fuel, is preferred as an alternative source for diesel engines. Therefore, using palm oil methyl ester (POME) for diesel engines would be a more economical and sustainable solution. The objective of this research is to study the PM emissions characteristic from diesel engines fuelled with a diesel and POME blend. A transmission electron microscope (TEM) was used to determine the aggregate fractal prefactor, spherule, and aggregate size distribution. A comparison between diesel and the POME blend was made in terms of PM characterization, which involves PM mass concentration, its components soluble organic fraction (SOF) and dry soot (DS), and its influence on PM morphology such as spherule and aggregate correlation. Combustion characteristics such as in-cylinder pressure and rate of heat release of the engine as well as gaseous emissions were also observed at different operating engine loads. The results show that PM emissions of B100 are lower than those of diesel fuel owing to the oxygen content of POME. Observations of images on PM morphology showed a chainlike agglomeration, which is an extremely small non-uniform nanostructure. Simultaneously, the aggregate size distribution shifted to a smaller diameter as the blending ratio of POME in the fuel increased. The observation of in-cylinder pressure showed that the increment of pressure with the increasing POME blend as well as the increasing engine load is due to high cetane number for B100 that led to a shorten ignition delay. The engine brake thermal efficiency between the POME blend and mineral diesel was comparable. Furthermore, B100 fuels showed lower engine power at higher brake-specific fuel consumption compared to other tested fuels. In terms of gaseous emissions, increasing POME blends led to an increase in CO2 and NOx while decreasing CO emission. Meanwhile, as the engine load increased, CO2, NOx and CO also continued to increase. The effect of the POME blend on the PM-NOx trade-off observation showed that B100 simultaneously increased the NOx and decreased the PM emission. Both the wavelet analysis and coefficient of variation revealed that increasing the POME ratio provided a noticeable effect on increasing the engine cycle-to-cycle variations. It can be concluded that POME creates lower PM concentration while giving some negative feedback to NOx and resulting in smaller particle size. Moreover, the findings reveal that by having the wavelet analysis, one can predict the behavior of the PM emissions and subsequently further research helps to reduce them effectively and economically.
Book Synopsis Health Effects Associated with Diesel Exhaust Emissions by : Joseph Santodonato
Download or read book Health Effects Associated with Diesel Exhaust Emissions written by Joseph Santodonato and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Health Effects of Diesel Exhaust Emissions by : Per Camner
Download or read book Health Effects of Diesel Exhaust Emissions written by Per Camner and published by Nordic Council of Ministers. This book was released on 1988 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Miljørapport 1988:8
Book Synopsis Introduction to Diesel Emissions by : Richard Viskup
Download or read book Introduction to Diesel Emissions written by Richard Viskup and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2020-03-18 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first invention and development of the functional diesel engine was in 1897 by Rudolf Christian Karl Diesel, German inventor. Until now, this invention has been superseded by the development of very productive engines and mechanics. Current diesel engines are well known to many people around the world and serve in innumerable applications for various types of public transport, light and heavy duty transportation, for automotive, railway, maritime or aviation transportation, in different harsh environments, in construction, in mining, and for diverse industries. The light duty or heavy-duty diesel engines have some drawbacks. One of the main concerns is connected with exhaust emissions generated by diesel engines. This book discusses the generation of diesel exhaust emissions and mitigations, performance, emissions and combustion evaluations, utilisation of alternative biodiesel fuels, comparison of different techniques for measurement of soot and diesel particulate matter, analyses of diesel particulate matter flow pattern, and chemical composition of diesel particulate matter. The main concern of this book is to expand knowledge of readers and bring together the latest research findings related to diesel engine exhaust emissions.
Book Synopsis Comprehensive Characteristics of Particulate Emissions from Advanced Diesel Combustion by : Christopher P. Kolodziej
Download or read book Comprehensive Characteristics of Particulate Emissions from Advanced Diesel Combustion written by Christopher P. Kolodziej and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Effects of Lubricating Oil Consumption on the Detailed Characteristics of Diesel Particulate Matter by : Nathan D. Forster
Download or read book The Effects of Lubricating Oil Consumption on the Detailed Characteristics of Diesel Particulate Matter written by Nathan D. Forster and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Effect of Engine Operating Parameters and Fuel Characteristics on Diesel Engine Emissions by : Joseph Acar
Download or read book Effect of Engine Operating Parameters and Fuel Characteristics on Diesel Engine Emissions written by Joseph Acar and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To examine the effects of using synthetic Fischer-Tropsch (FT) diesel fuel in a modern compression ignition engine, experiments were conducted on a MY 2002 Cummins 5.9 L diesel engine outfitted with high pressure, common rail fuel injection, a variable geometry turbo charger, cooled EGR and a fully configurable engine management computer. Additionally, the effect of varied injection timing and EGR rates were studied to examine how the engine can be optimized for FT fuel. The test fuels included two standard diesel fuels, one with 400 PPM sulfur content and the other 15 PPM sulfur. The experimental fuels were Syntroleum Corporation's S-1 fuel, as well as blends of 25% S-1 with a balance of 15 or 400 PPM D2. Tests were conducted with three engine operating conditions: 1682 RPM, 474 kPa BMEP; 2011 RPM, 1000 kPa BMEP; 2011 RPM, 1400 kPa BMEP. It was found that FT fuel reduced NOx emissions 19% in low load tests, but alone had little effect in higher load tests. FT fuel reduced particulate matter (PM) emissions in almost all test case, on the order of 25 to 75%. Retarding injection timing and increasing EGR both reduce NOx emissions. In the case of standard fuels, these reduction come at the expense of increased PM. However, FT fuel reduced this effect and allows for more retarded timing and further increased EGR rates to control NO. Blended fuels, containing 25% FT, by volume, and a balance of 15 PPM or 400 PPM fuel, were found to provide most of the benefit of straight FT fuel. The FT/15 blend reduced PM 40% and the FT/400 blend reduced PM 60%.
Book Synopsis Size Distribution and Mass Output of Particulates from Diesel Engine Exhausts by : John A. Breslin
Download or read book Size Distribution and Mass Output of Particulates from Diesel Engine Exhausts written by John A. Breslin and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Effect of Particulate Matter and Exhaust Gas Composition on Diesel Particulate Filter Regenration by : Amy E. Fischer
Download or read book Effect of Particulate Matter and Exhaust Gas Composition on Diesel Particulate Filter Regenration written by Amy E. Fischer and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Health Effects of Diesel Engine Emissions by : William E. Pepelko
Download or read book Health Effects of Diesel Engine Emissions written by William E. Pepelko and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 596 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Engine Exhaust Particulates by : Avinash Kumar Agarwal
Download or read book Engine Exhaust Particulates written by Avinash Kumar Agarwal and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-11-01 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comparative analysis of both diesel and gasoline engine particulates, and also of the emissions resulting from the use of alternative fuels. Written by respected experts, it offers comprehensive insights into motor vehicle particulates, their formation, composition, location, measurement, characterisation and toxicology. It also addresses exhaust-gas treatment and legal, measurement-related and technological advancements concerning emissions. The book will serve as a valuable resource for academic researchers and professional automotive engineers alike.
Book Synopsis Development, Characterization, and Modeling of an Electronic Particulate Matter Sensor for Internal Combustion Engines by : Timothy Thomas Diller
Download or read book Development, Characterization, and Modeling of an Electronic Particulate Matter Sensor for Internal Combustion Engines written by Timothy Thomas Diller and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: U.S. Federal regulations requiring on-board diagnostics of diesel particulate filters have created a demand for compact, inexpensive, fast, and accurate sensors for measuring the particulate matter (PM) content of diesel exhaust. An electronic sensor capable of measuring the carbonaceous fraction (soot) of PM has been developed at The University of Texas at Austin. The behavior and performance of this sensor was characterized in both an older style non-emission controlled diesel engine and a modern heavy-duty diesel certified in 2008 to meet current federal emissions standards. The ability of the sensor to detect particulates at the regulated level of 15 mg/bhp-hr downstream of a leaking particulate filter was demonstrated. Under optimal conditions, the sensor was shown to have a resolution of 0.003 mg/bhp-hr, or 0.005 mg/m3. The sensor operated by measuring the flux of charged particles, ions, and electrons to an electrode immersed in an exhaust gas flow. Two distinct modes of operation were demonstrated. In the first, the sensor detected particles carrying residual charge from the combustion process. In this mode, the sensor was shown to be relatively insensitive to particle morphology and to be sensitive to exhaust gas velocity. In the second, charge carriers (particles, electrons, and ions) were created in the strong electric field produced by a second electrode at high voltage. In this mode, the sensor was found to be relatively insensitive to exhaust gas velocity, but quite sensitive to the orientation of the sensor in the exhaust flow. The size and number density of the particles was found to have a strong influence on the sensor sensitivity: as number density increased with increasing load or decreasing EGR rate, so did sensor sensitivity. Thus, as changes in engine operating condition affect particle morphology, the behavior of the sensor changes. A numerical model of the discharge mechanism in the form of an atmospheric pressure glow discharge was implemented to model the charge creation and transport. The model accurately predicted the nanoamp-level electrode currents produced in a real sensor to within a half order of magnitude with no empirical fits. The model tended to over-predict the sensitivity of sensor output to applied voltage but matched the observed sensitivity within an order of magnitude. Due to the lack of modeling flow field effects it predicted a 250% increase in sensitivity for a gap width reduced by 50% where a comparison of real sensors showed a decrease in sensitivity of 25% with a 50% reduction in gap width.
Book Synopsis Impact of Particulate Matter Composition on Catalyzed Diesel Particulate Filter Filtration and Regeneration on a Steady State Research Diesel Engine by : Matthew Bohm
Download or read book Impact of Particulate Matter Composition on Catalyzed Diesel Particulate Filter Filtration and Regeneration on a Steady State Research Diesel Engine written by Matthew Bohm and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
