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Effect Of Cadmium Telluride Electrodeposition Parameters On The Efficiency Of Cadmium Sulfide Cadmium Telluride Gold Solar Cells
Download Effect Of Cadmium Telluride Electrodeposition Parameters On The Efficiency Of Cadmium Sulfide Cadmium Telluride Gold Solar Cells full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Effect Of Cadmium Telluride Electrodeposition Parameters On The Efficiency Of Cadmium Sulfide Cadmium Telluride Gold Solar Cells ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
Book Synopsis Effect of Cadmium Telluride Electrodeposition Parameters on the Efficiency of Cadmium Sulfide-cadmium Telluride-gold Solar Cells by : Scott Pozder
Download or read book Effect of Cadmium Telluride Electrodeposition Parameters on the Efficiency of Cadmium Sulfide-cadmium Telluride-gold Solar Cells written by Scott Pozder and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences by : Wade H. Shafer
Download or read book Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences written by Wade H. Shafer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 427 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences was first conceived, published, and disseminated by the Center for Information and Numerical Data Analysis and Synthesis (CINDAS)* at Purdue University in 1957, starting its coverage of theses with the academic year 1955. Beginning with Volume 13, the printing and dis semination phases of the activity were transferred to University Microfilms/Xerox of Ann Arbor, Michigan, with the thought that such an arrangement would be more beneficial to the academic and general scientific and technical community. After five years of this joint undertaking we had concluded that it was in the interest of all concerned if the printing and distribution of the volumes were handled by an international publishing house to assure improved service and broader dissemination. Hence, starting with Volume 18, Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences has been disseminated on a worldwide basis by Plenum Publishing Corporation of New York, and in the same year the coverage was broadened to include Canadian universities. All back issues can also be ordered from Plenum. We have reported in Volume 39 (thesis year 1994) a total of 13,953 thesis titles from 21 Canadian and 159 United States universities. We are sure that this broader base for these titles reported will greatly enhance the value of this impor tant annual reference work. While Volume 39 reports theses submitted in 1994, on occasion, certain uni versities do report theses submitted in previous years but not reported at the time.
Book Synopsis Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports by :
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 1134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Polycrystalline Thin-film Cadmium Telluride Solar Cells Fabricated by Electrodeposition. Annual Technical Report by :
Download or read book Polycrystalline Thin-film Cadmium Telluride Solar Cells Fabricated by Electrodeposition. Annual Technical Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the past year, Colorado School of Mines (CSM) researchers performed systematic studies of the growth and properties of electrodeposition CdS and back-contact formation using Cu-doped ZnTe, with an emphasis on low Cu concentrations. CSM also started to explore the stability of its ZnTe-Cu contacted CdTe solar cells. Researchers investigated the electrodeposition of CdS and its application in fabricating CdTe/CdS solar cells. The experimental conditions they explored in this study were pH from 2.0 to 3.0; temperatures of 80 and 90 C; CdCl2 concentration of 0.2 M; deposition potential from -550 to -600 mV vs. Ag/AgCl electrode; [Na2S2O4] concentration between 0.005 and 0.05 M. The deposition rate increases with increase of the thiosulfate concentration and decrease of solution pH. Researchers also extended their previous research of ZnTe:Cu films by investigating films doped with low Cu concentrations (
Book Synopsis Effect of Cadmium Chloride Treatment on Cadmium Sulfide-cadmium Telluride Solar Cells by : Priya Selvaraj
Download or read book Effect of Cadmium Chloride Treatment on Cadmium Sulfide-cadmium Telluride Solar Cells written by Priya Selvaraj and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Coatings and Thin-Film Technologies by : Jaime Andres Perez Taborda
Download or read book Coatings and Thin-Film Technologies written by Jaime Andres Perez Taborda and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2019-01-03 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The field of coatings and thin-film technologies is rapidly advancing to keep up with new uses for semiconductor, optical, tribological, thermoelectric, solar, security, and smart sensing applications, among others. In this sense, thin-film coatings and structures are increasingly sophisticated with more specific properties, new geometries, large areas, the use of heterogeneous materials and flexible and rigid coating substrates to produce thin-film structures with improved performance and properties in response to new challenges that the industry presents. This book aims to provide the reader with a complete overview of the current state of applications and developments in thin-film technology, discussing applications, health and safety in thin films, and presenting reviews and experimental results of recognized experts in the area of coatings and thin-film technologies.
Book Synopsis Polycrystalline Thin Film Cadmium Telluride Solar Cells Fabricated by Electrodeposition. Annual Subcontract Report, 20 March 1993--19 March 1994 by :
Download or read book Polycrystalline Thin Film Cadmium Telluride Solar Cells Fabricated by Electrodeposition. Annual Subcontract Report, 20 March 1993--19 March 1994 written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 57 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report describes the principal results of work performed during the second year of a 3-year program at the Colorado School of Mines (CSM). The work on transparent conducting oxides was carried out primarily by CSM students at NREL and is described in three publications listed in Appendix C. The high-quality ZnO produced from the work was incorporated into a copper indium diselenide cell that exhibited a world-record efficiency of 16.4%. Much of the time was devoted to the improvement of cadmium sulfide films deposited by chemical bath deposition methods and annealed with or without a cadmium chloride treatment. Progress was also made in the electrochemical deposition of cadmium telluride. High-quality films yielding CdS/CdTe/Au cells of greater than 10% efficiency are now being produced on a regular basis. We explored the use of zinc telluride back contacts to form an n-i-p cell structure as previously used by Ametek. We began small-angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) studies to characterize crystal structures, residual stresses, and microstructures of both CdTe and CdS. Large SAXS signals were observed in CdS, most likely because of scattering from gain boundaries. The signals observed to date from CdTe are much weaker, indicating a more homogeneous microstructure. We began to use the ADEPT modeling program, developed at Purdue University, to guide our understanding of the CdS/CdTe cell physics and the improvements that will most likely lead to significantly enhanced efficiencies.
Book Synopsis Polycrystalline Thin Film Cadmium Telluride Solar Cells Fabricated by Electrodeposition. Annual Technical Report, 20 March 1995--19 March 1996 by :
Download or read book Polycrystalline Thin Film Cadmium Telluride Solar Cells Fabricated by Electrodeposition. Annual Technical Report, 20 March 1995--19 March 1996 written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this project is to develop improved processes for fabricating CdTe/CdS polycrystalline thin-film solar cells. Researchers used electrodeposition to form CdTe; electrodeposition is a non-vacuum, low-cost technique that is attractive for economic, large-scale production. During the past year, research and development efforts focused on several steps that are most critical to the fabricating high-efficiency CdTe solar cells. These include the optimization of the CdTe electrodeposition process, the effect of pretreatment of CdS substrates, the post-deposition annealing of CdTe, and back-contact formation using Cu-doped ZnTe. Systematic investigations of these processing steps have led to a better understanding and improved performance of the CdTe-based cells. Researchers studied the structural properties of chemical-bath-deposited CdS thin films and their growth mechanisms by investigating CdS samples prepared at different deposition times; investigated the effect of CdCl2 treatment of CdS films on the photovoltaic performance of CdTe solar cells; studied Cu-doped ZnTe as a promising material for forming stable, low-resistance contacts to the p-type CdTe; and investigated the effect of CdTe and CdS thickness on the photovoltaic performance of the resulting cells. As a result of their systematic investigation and optimization of the processing conditions, researchers improved the efficiency of CdTe/CdS cells using ZnTe back-contact and electrodeposited CdTe. The best CdTe/CdS cell exhibited a V{sub oc} of 0.778 V, a J{sub sc} of 22.4 mA/cm2, a FF of 74%, and an efficiency of 12.9% (verified at NREL). In terms of individual parameters, researchers obtained a V{sub oc} over 0.8 V and a FF of 76% on other cells.
Book Synopsis Properties of Thin Film Cadmium Sulfide Used in Cadmium Telluride/cadmium Sulfide Solar Cell by : Xiawa Wu
Download or read book Properties of Thin Film Cadmium Sulfide Used in Cadmium Telluride/cadmium Sulfide Solar Cell written by Xiawa Wu and published by ProQuest. This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: CdTe/CdS solar cell is one of the promising low cost high efficiency thin film solar cells. In this work, thin film CdS properties and the effect of CdS surface conditions on CdTe growth and performance of polycrystalline CdTe/CdS thin film solar cells are investigated. Thin film CdS optical, structural and chemical properties both as deposited and after CdCl 2 heat treatment are measured. CdS surface chemical state is studied by analyzing its surface chemistry after different surface treatments. Qualitative and quantitative measurements indicate sulfate and sulfite phases on thin film CdS surfaces as well as single crystal CdS, caused by oxidation in the air. The degree of CdS oxidation is highly dependent on thermal treatment ambient, temperature and time. Results indicate reduction in grain size and smoother morphology for CdTe deposited on heavily oxidized CdS compared to chemically reduced CdS surface. Solar cell open circuit voltage is much lower on cells with heavily oxidized CdS surface.
Book Synopsis Electrodeposition of Cu-doped Zinc Telluride as a P-type Back Contact Layer for Cadmium Sulfide/cadmium Telluride Solar Cells by : Jason A. Selby
Download or read book Electrodeposition of Cu-doped Zinc Telluride as a P-type Back Contact Layer for Cadmium Sulfide/cadmium Telluride Solar Cells written by Jason A. Selby and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cadmium Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Polycrystalline Thin Film Cadmium Telluride Solar Cells Fabricated by Electrodeposition by : J. U. Trefny
Download or read book Polycrystalline Thin Film Cadmium Telluride Solar Cells Fabricated by Electrodeposition written by J. U. Trefny and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this project is to develop improved processes for fabricating CdTe/CdS polycrystalline thin-film solar cells. Researchers used electrodeposition to form CdTe; electrodeposition is a non-vacuum, low-cost technique that is attractive for economic, large-scale production. During the past year, research and development efforts focused on several steps that are most critical to the fabricating high-efficiency CdTe solar cells. These include the optimization of the CdTe electrodeposition process, the effect of pretreatment of CdS substrates, the post-deposition annealing of CdTe, and back-contact formation using Cu-doped ZnTe. Systematic investigations of these processing steps have led to a better understanding and improved performances of the CdTe-based cells.
Book Synopsis Polycrystalline Thin-Film Cadmium Telluride Solar Cells Fabricated by Electrodeposition: Final Technical Report, 20 March 1995-15 June 1998 by :
Download or read book Polycrystalline Thin-Film Cadmium Telluride Solar Cells Fabricated by Electrodeposition: Final Technical Report, 20 March 1995-15 June 1998 written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report summarizes work performed by the Colorado School of Mines Department of Physics under this subcontract. Based on the studies conducted, researchers increased the efficiency of the cells with electrodeposited CdTe and CBD CdS by 3% on average. The improvement came from 1) optimization of CdS initial thickness taking into account CdS consumption of CdTe during the CdTe/CdSpost-deposition treatment; optimization of CdS post-deposition treatment with CdCl2 aimed at prevention of Te diffusion into CdS and improvement of the CdS film morphology and electronic properties. That led to a considerable increase in short circuit current, by 13% on average. 2) Optimization of CdTe thickness and post-deposition treatment which led to a significant increase in Voc, by approx.70 mV. The highest Voc obtained exceeded 800 mV. 3. Development of a ZnTe:Cu/Metal back contact processing procedure that included selection of optimal Cu content, deposition regime and post-deposition treatment conditions. The cell stability was measured on exposure to accelerated stress conditions. Preliminary studies of some new approaches to improvement of CdS/CdTe structure were conducted.
Book Synopsis Solar Photovoltaic Technology Production by : Senthilarasu Sundaram
Download or read book Solar Photovoltaic Technology Production written by Senthilarasu Sundaram and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-06-21 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Solar Photovoltaic Technology Production: Potential Environmental Impacts and Implications for Governance provides an overview of the emerging industrial PV sector, its technologies, and the regulatory frameworks supporting them. This new book reviews and categorizes the potential environmental impacts of several main PV technologies, examining the extent to which current EU governance frameworks regulate such impacts. By identifying the gaps or regulatory mismatches and creating a basis for normative recommendations on governance change, this book analyzes potential governance implications and their impacts in relation to manufacturers upscaling PV production techniques. - Fills the need for a coherent source of information on the potential impacts of different PV technologies - Provides comprehensive coverage of lifecycle analysis (LCA) of PV technologies in a single reference - Analyzes relevant governance arrangements for researchers and manufacturers
Book Synopsis High Efficiency Ultra Thin Cadmium Telluride (CdTe) Solar Cells by : Nowshad Amin
Download or read book High Efficiency Ultra Thin Cadmium Telluride (CdTe) Solar Cells written by Nowshad Amin and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2013 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thin film cadmium telluride absorbers with cadmium sulphide hetero-junction partner are promising candidates for high efficiency low cost solutions of solar energy harvesting devices. These devices have band gaps well-suited for effective absorption of sunlight. Most importantly, the materials used in these devices can be deposited in a variety of industry-friendly ways, so that the cost associated with manufacturing is generally lower than other available technologies. Although poly-crystalline CdS has been found to be the best suited heterojunction partner for CdTe solar cell, the conventional polycrystalline CdS/CdTe cell has few issues that limit device performance. In order to overcome these problems, this study proposes the introduction of poly-CdS to amorphous oxygenated CdS (a-CdS: O) as window layer. The a-CdS: O window material has higher optical band gap (2.5-3.1 eV), better lattice match with CdTe absorber materials and reduced inter-diffusion tendency of CdS and CdTe layers. This book systematically demonstrates the conversion process of poly CdS to a-CdS: O and develops a strategy for the fabrication of suitable a-CdS: O layer to be applied in CdTe solar ce
Book Synopsis Varying Cadmium Telluride Growth Temperature During Deposition to Increase Solar Cell Reliability by :
Download or read book Varying Cadmium Telluride Growth Temperature During Deposition to Increase Solar Cell Reliability written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A method for forming thin films or layers of cadmium telluride (CdTe) for use in photovoltaic modules or solar cells. The method includes varying the substrate temperature during the growth of the CdTe layer by preheating a substrate (e.g., a substrate with a cadmium sulfide (CdS) heterojunction or layer) suspended over a CdTe source to remove moisture to a relatively low preheat temperature. Then, the method includes directly heating only the CdTe source, which in turn indirectly heats the substrate upon which the CdTe is deposited. The method improves the resulting CdTe solar cell reliability. The resulting microstructure exhibits a distinct grain size distribution such that the initial region is composed of smaller grains than the bulk region portion of the deposited CdTe. Resulting devices exhibit a behavior suggesting a more n-like CdTe material near the CdS heterojunction than devices grown with substrate temperatures held constant during CdTe deposition.
Book Synopsis High Efficiency Cadmium Telluride and Zinc Telluride Based Thin-film Solar Cells by :
Download or read book High Efficiency Cadmium Telluride and Zinc Telluride Based Thin-film Solar Cells written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report describes work to improve the basic understanding of CdTe and ZnTe alloys by growing and characterizing these films along with cell fabrication. The major objective was to develop wide-band-gap (1.6--1.8 eV) material for the top cell, along with compatible window material and transparent ohmic contacts, so that a cascade cell design can be optimized. Front-wall solar cells were fabricated with a glass/SnO2/CdS window, where the CdS film is thin to maximize transmission and current. Wide-band-gap absorber films (E{sub g} = 1.75 eV) were grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) and metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) techniques, which provided excellent control for tailoring the film composition and properties. CdZnTe films were grown by both MBE and MOCVD. All the as-grown films were characterized by several techniques (surface photovoltage spectroscopy, Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)) for composition, bulk uniformity, thickness, and film and interface quality. Front-wall-type solar cells were fabricated in collaboration with Ametek Materials Research Laboratory using CdTe and CdZnTe polycrystalline absorber films. The effects of processing on ternary film were studied by AES and XPS coupled with capacitance voltage and current voltage measurements as a function of temperature. Bias-dependent spectral response and electrical measurements were used to test some models in order to identify and quantify dominant loss mechanisms.
