Educational Accountability And American Federalism

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Educational Accountability and American Federalism

Author : John Portz
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1000833747
Total Pages : 195 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (8 download)

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Book Synopsis Educational Accountability and American Federalism by : John Portz

Download or read book Educational Accountability and American Federalism written by John Portz and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-03-10 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers important insights into the complex nature of educational accountability and its role in supporting school improvement. By developing two key concepts – educational accountability and American federalism – the book highlights various types of accountability that take place in different institutional settings. By moving beyond the long-standing, test-based, administrative approach to accountability, the author demonstrates how professional, market, and political accountability affect teaching, learning, and educational policymaking. The book examines four accountability types: administrative accountability, professional accountability, market accountability, and political accountability. The volume questions why these accountability types vary in their development and use across the country, and considers how American federalism – national, state, and local – provides different political arenas with variation in ideas, interests, and institutions that prompt different policymaking approaches. The book concludes with a two-tier proposal for internal accountability organized around teacher professionalism and external accountability combining elements of school choice and public deliberation. This volume will be important reading for scholars and researchers in Federalism, Education Policy, and Public Administration. It will also be beneficial reading for policymakers, think tanks, and community organizations.

Taking Over

Author : Aaron J. Saiger
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 430 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (543 download)

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Book Synopsis Taking Over by : Aaron J. Saiger

Download or read book Taking Over written by Aaron J. Saiger and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Price of Federalism

Author : Paul E. Peterson
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 9780815791645
Total Pages : 276 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (916 download)

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Book Synopsis The Price of Federalism by : Paul E. Peterson

Download or read book The Price of Federalism written by Paul E. Peterson and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2012-01-01 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What is the price of federalism? Does it result in governmental interconnections that are too complex? Does it create overlapping responsibilities? Does it perpetuate social inequalities? Does it stifle economic growth? To answer these questions, Paul Peterson sets forth two theories of federalism: functional and legislative. Functional theory is optimistic. It says that each level of the federal system is well designed to carry out the tasks for which it is mainly responsible. State and local governments assume responsibility for their area's physical and social development; the national government cares for the needy and reduces economic inequities. Legislative theory, in contrast, is pessimistic: it says that national political leaders, responding to electoral pressures, misuse their power. They shift unpopular burdens to lower levels of government while spending national dollars on popular government programs for which they can claim credit. Both theories are used to explain different aspects of American federalism. Legislative theory explains why federal grants have never been used to equalize public services. Elected officials cannot easily justify to their constituents a vote to shift funds away from the geographic area they represent. The overall direction that American federalism has taken in recent years is better explained by functional theory. As the costs of transportation and communication have declined, labor and capital have become increasingly mobile, placing states and localities in greater competition with one another. State and local governments are responding to these changes by overlooking the needs of the poor, focusing instead on economic development. As a further consequence, older, big cities of the Rust Belt, inefficient in their operations and burdened by social responsibilities, are losing jobs and population to the suburban communities that surround them. Peterson recommends that the national government adopt p

Education Reform in the American States

Author : Jerry McBeath
Publisher : IAP
ISBN 13 : 1607527421
Total Pages : 318 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (75 download)

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Book Synopsis Education Reform in the American States by : Jerry McBeath

Download or read book Education Reform in the American States written by Jerry McBeath and published by IAP. This book was released on 2008-04-01 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Education Reform in the American States is a timely evaluation of the accountability movement in American public education, culminating in the No Child Left Behind Act, federal legislation of 2002. The authors treat the current accountability movement, placing it in historical context and addressing the evolution in public education policymaking from the overwhelming emphasis on state and local discretion to increasing federal oversight and mandates related to federal funding. They provide case studies of the educational accountability movements in nine states and analyze the factors and forces which explain progress in achievement levels as measured on standardized tests and the states' prospects for meeting their NCLB targets. The book and the individual case studies acknowledge the merits of NCLB while exposing several significant flaws and unintended harmful consequences of the act, particularly its incentives for states to lower their standards in order to meet annual yearly progress targets and its threat to withdraw federal funds from districts with the highest percentage of disadvantaged students. The audience for this study includes local, state and federal education policy makers; administrators and instructors in schools of education and other teaching programs, educators; and the general public.

American Federalism in Practice

Author : Michael Doonan
Publisher : Brookings Institution Press
ISBN 13 : 0815724837
Total Pages : 169 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (157 download)

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Book Synopsis American Federalism in Practice by : Michael Doonan

Download or read book American Federalism in Practice written by Michael Doonan and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2013-08-30 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: American Federalism in Practice is an original and important contribution to our understanding of contemporary health policy. It also illustrates how contentious public policy is debated, formulated, and implemented in today’s overheated political environment. Health care reform is perhaps the most divisive public policy issue facing the United States today. Michael Doonan provides a unique perspective on health policy in explaining how intergovernmental relations shape public policy. He tracks federal-state relations through the creation, formulation, and implementation of three of the most important health policy initiatives since the Great Society: the State Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP) and the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA), both passed by the U.S. Congress, and the Massachusetts health care reform program as it was developed and implemented under federal government waiver authority. He applies lessons learned from these cases to implementation of the Affordable Care Act. “Health policymaking is entangled in a complex web of shared, overlapping, and/or competing power relationships among different levels of government,” the author notes. Understanding federal-state interactions, the ways in which they vary, and the reasons for such variation is essential to grasping the ultimate impact of federalism on programs and policy. Doonan reveals how federalism can shift as the sausage of public policy is made while providing a new framework for comprehending one of the most polarizing debates of our time.

High-Stakes Reform

Author : Kathryn A. McDermott
Publisher : Georgetown University Press
ISBN 13 : 1589017889
Total Pages : 237 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis High-Stakes Reform by : Kathryn A. McDermott

Download or read book High-Stakes Reform written by Kathryn A. McDermott and published by Georgetown University Press. This book was released on 2011-07-13 with total page 237 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Performance accountability has been the dominant trend in education policy reform since the 1970s. State and federal policies set standards for what students should learn; require students to take “high-stakes” tests to measure what they have learned; and then hold students, schools, and school districts accountable for their performance. The goal of these policies is to push public school districts to ensure that all students reach a common threshold of knowledge and skills. High-Stakes Reform analyzes the political processes and historical context that led to the enactment of state-level education accountability policies across the country. It also situates the education accountability movement in the broader context of public administration research, emphasizing the relationships among equity, accountability, and intergovernmental relations. The book then focuses on three in-depth case studies of policy development in Massachusetts, New Jersey, and Connecticut. Kathryn McDermott zeroes in on the most controversial and politically charged forms of state performance accountability sanctions, including graduation tests, direct state intervention in or closing of schools, and state takeovers of school districts. Public debate casts performance accountability as either a cure for the problems of US public education or a destructive mistake. Kathryn McDermott expertly navigates both sides of the debate detailing why particular policies became popular, how the assumptions behind the policies influenced the forms they took, and what practitioners and scholars can learn from the successes and failures of education accountability policies.

Education Reform in the American States

Author : Gerald A. McBeath
Publisher : Information Age Pub Incorporated
ISBN 13 : 9781593117757
Total Pages : 310 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (177 download)

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Book Synopsis Education Reform in the American States by : Gerald A. McBeath

Download or read book Education Reform in the American States written by Gerald A. McBeath and published by Information Age Pub Incorporated. This book was released on 2008 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Education Reform in the American States is a timely evaluation of the accountability movement in American public education, culminating in the No Child Left Behind Act, federal legislation of 2002. The authors treat the current accountability movement, placing it in historical context and addressing the evolution in public education policymaking from the overwhelming emphasis on state and local discretion to increasing federal oversight and mandates related to federal funding. They provide case studies of the educational accountability movements in nine states and analyze the factors and forces which explain progress in achievement levels as measured on standardized tests and the states' prospects for meeting their NCLB targets. The book and the individual case studies acknowledge the merits of NCLB while exposing several significant flaws and unintended harmful consequences of the act, particularly its incentives for states to lower their standards in order to meet annual yearly progress targets and its threat to withdraw federal funds from districts with the highest percentage of disadvantaged students. The audience for this study includes local, state and federal education policyrnakers; administrators and instructors in schools of education and other teaching programs, educators; and the general public.

The Takeover of Public Education in America

Author : A. Patrick Huff
Publisher : AuthorHouse
ISBN 13 : 149696859X
Total Pages : 167 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (969 download)

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Book Synopsis The Takeover of Public Education in America by : A. Patrick Huff

Download or read book The Takeover of Public Education in America written by A. Patrick Huff and published by AuthorHouse. This book was released on 2015-02-17 with total page 167 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Takeover of Public Education in America: The Agenda to Control Information and Knowledge Through the Accountability System is an informative and insightful look into the mechanism that controls school systems today. It provides a look back into the history of how the system developed into what we have today and peels the curtain back to reveal what is crippling the schools across the country. Testimony is given from education professionals and parents who have lost their community schools to the devastating impact of No Child Left Behind mandates and its accountability system. Find out why teachers and school administrators stay in a constant state of preparation for the next round of testing. Discover the effects of failing to meet standards, and see the heavy hand of national policy take away jobs and deprive students of attending their neighborhood school. Become aware of who is benefiting from the current state of public education. Billions of dollars are at stake as corporations position themselves to make huge profits as public schools struggle to gain acceptable ratings and companies are called upon to rescue the children from a failing school. Learn what must be done if the teachers, counselors, administrators, and parents are to have any chance of reclaiming sovereignty over their profession and the schools their children attend. Finally, learn how technology and testing have served to limit a childs education through the agenda to control information and knowledge.

Federalism and Education

Author : Kenneth K. Wong
Publisher : IAP
ISBN 13 : 1641131748
Total Pages : 263 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (411 download)

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Book Synopsis Federalism and Education by : Kenneth K. Wong

Download or read book Federalism and Education written by Kenneth K. Wong and published by IAP. This book was released on 2018-04-01 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Federalism has played a central role in charting educational progress in many countries. With an evolving balance between centralization and decentralization, federalism is designed to promote accountability standards without tempering regional and local preferences. Federalism facilitates negotiations both vertically between the central authority and local entities as well as horizontally among diverse interests. Innovative educational practices are often validated by a few local entities prior to scaling up to the national level. Because of the division of revenue sources between central authority and decentralized entities, federalism encourages a certain degree of fiscal competition at the local and regional level. The balance of centralization and decentralization also varies across institutional and policy domains, such as the legislative framework for education, drafting of curricula, benchmarking for accountability, accreditation, teacher training, and administrative responsibilities at the primary, secondary, and tertiary levels. Given these critical issues in federalism and education, this volume examines ongoing challenges and policy strategies in ten countries, namely Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Germany, Italy, Spain, Switzerland, United Kingdom, and the United States. These chapters and the introductory overview aim to examine how countries with federal systems of government design, govern, finance, and assure quality in their educational systems spanning from early childhood to secondary school graduation. Particular attention is given to functional division between governmental layers of the federal system as well as mechanisms of intergovernmental cooperation both vertically and horizontally. The chapters aim to draw out comparative lessons and experiences in an area of great importance to not only federal countries but also countries that are emerging toward a federal system.

Collision Course

Author : Paul Manna
Publisher : CQ Press
ISBN 13 : 1483366510
Total Pages : 225 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (833 download)

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Book Synopsis Collision Course by : Paul Manna

Download or read book Collision Course written by Paul Manna and published by CQ Press. This book was released on 2010-10-12 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What happens when federal officials try to accomplish goals that depend on the resources and efforts of state and local governments? Focusing on the nation's experience with the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB), Manna's engaging case study considers just that question. Beyond the administrative challenges NCLB unleashed, Collision Course examines the dynamics at work when federal policymakers hold state and local governments accountable for results. Ambitions for higher performance collide with governing structures and practices. Were the collisions valuable for their potential to transform education policy, or has the law inflicted too much damage on state and local institutions responsible for educating the nation's youth? The results have been both positive and negative. As Manna points to increased capabilities in states and localities, he also looks at expanded bureaucratic requirements. Collision Course offers a balanced and in-depth assessment of a policy that has sparked heated debate over a broad expanse of time- from NCLB's adoption through its implementation to the Obama administration's attempts to shift away. Federalism, the policymaking process, and the complexity of education policy all get their due in this accessible and analytical supplement.

School's in

Author : Paul Manna
Publisher : Georgetown University Press
ISBN 13 : 1589010906
Total Pages : 222 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis School's in by : Paul Manna

Download or read book School's in written by Paul Manna and published by Georgetown University Press. This book was released on 2006 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Manna explores the dynamics of forty years of education policymaking to answer a puzzling question: if state and local governments are the primary caretakers of elementary and secondary education, how have federal policymakers so greatly expanded their involvement in the country's schools since 1965? From Lyndon B. Johnson's signing of the carefully worded funding bill, the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 to George W. Bush's imposing but underfunded "No Child Left Behind" initiative, Washington's influence over America's schools has increased signficantly. At the same time, the states have developed more comprehensive, and often innovative education policies. A wide array of educational issues has appeared on the political agenda both nationally and at the state level. Manna argues that this is no accident: that national and state leaders have borrowed strength from each other-- strength in terms of both politically viable arguments and of such governmental capacity to act as financing, the existence of regulatory agencies, and professional capability--to develop and enact educational reforms. He shows how our nation's education agenda has taken shape through the interaction of policy entrepreneurs at national and state levels in our federal system of government. Based on Manna's analyses of public laws, presidential speeches, congressional testimony, public opinion, political advertising, and personal interviews, this book draws on concepts of federalism and agenda-setting to offer an original view of the growing federal role in education policy.

Educational Equity and Accountability

Author : Linda Skrla
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135944113
Total Pages : 297 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (359 download)

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Book Synopsis Educational Equity and Accountability by : Linda Skrla

Download or read book Educational Equity and Accountability written by Linda Skrla and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2004-02-02 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After decades of such 'inputs' as how many books are in the school library and the number of computers in the classroom, American education is shining a spotlight on results.

Choice and Federalism

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780817914844
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (148 download)

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Book Synopsis Choice and Federalism by :

Download or read book Choice and Federalism written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Washington is at crossroads on K-12 education policy. It can continue down the path of top-down accountability; devolve power to states and districts, thereby returning to the status quo of the last century; or rethink the fundamentals and do something different. In Choice and Federalism: Rethinking the Federal Role in Education, the Koret Task Force on K-12 Education proposes a new path in which Washington releases states from top-down accountability in exchange for unleashing the ability of parents to engage in informed choices of schools for their children and by causing those choices to generate competitive pressures on the providers of education services.

The Infrastructure of Accountability

Author : Dorothea Anagnostopoulos
Publisher : Harvard Education Press
ISBN 13 : 1612505333
Total Pages : 392 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (125 download)

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Book Synopsis The Infrastructure of Accountability by : Dorothea Anagnostopoulos

Download or read book The Infrastructure of Accountability written by Dorothea Anagnostopoulos and published by Harvard Education Press. This book was released on 2013-04-01 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Infrastructure of Accountability brings together leading and emerging scholars who set forth an ambitious conceptual framework for understanding the full impact of large-scale, performance-based accountability systems on education. Over the past 20 years, schools and school systems have been utterly reshaped by the demands of test-based accountability. Interest in large-scale performance data has reached an unprecedented high point. Yet most education researchers focus primarily on questions of data quality and the effectiveness of data use. In this bold and thought-provoking volume, the contributors look beneath the surface of all this activity to uncover the hidden infrastructure that supports the production, flow, and use of data in education, and explore the impact of these large-scale information systems on American schooling. These systems, the editors note, “sit at the juncture of technical networks, work practices, knowledge production, and moral order.

Accountability in American Education

Author : Don T. Martin
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 100 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (97 download)

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Book Synopsis Accountability in American Education by : Don T. Martin

Download or read book Accountability in American Education written by Don T. Martin and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

No Child Left Behind?

Author : Paul E. Peterson
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 9780815796206
Total Pages : 364 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (962 download)

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Book Synopsis No Child Left Behind? by : Paul E. Peterson

Download or read book No Child Left Behind? written by Paul E. Peterson and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2003-11-18 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 2002 No Child Left Behind Act is the most important legislation in American education since the 1960s. The law requires states to put into place a set of standards together with a comprehensive testing plan designed to ensure these standards are met. Students at schools that fail to meet those standards may leave for other schools, and schools not progressing adequately become subject to reorganization. The significance of the law lies less with federal dollar contributions than with the direction it gives to federal, state, and local school spending. It helps codify the movement toward common standards and school accountability. Yet NCLB will not transform American schools overnight. The first scholarly assessment of the new legislation, No Child Left Behind? breaks new ground in the ongoing debate over accountability. Contributors examine the law's origins, the political and social forces that gave it shape, the potential issues that will surface with its implementation, and finally, the law's likely consequences for American education.

American Federalism Today

Author : Michael J. Boskin
Publisher : Hoover Press
ISBN 13 : 0817926364
Total Pages : 411 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (179 download)

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Book Synopsis American Federalism Today by : Michael J. Boskin

Download or read book American Federalism Today written by Michael J. Boskin and published by Hoover Press. This book was released on 2024-09-01 with total page 411 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What are federalism's challenges and opportunities today? The framers of the US Constitution enumerated specific powers for the federal government, leaving all else under the purview of states or the people. Over time, the federal government has expanded its role, yet the American people have more trust in state and local governments that are closer to them—and where co-partisanship is often a matter of necessity. Scholars and practitioners in policymaking gathered at the Hoover Institution in September 2023 to discuss the ramifications of federalism for contemporary issues. American Federalism Today presents those conference proceedings. Renowned experts from a range of disciplines, including economics, political science, history, and law, lay out the key priorities in evaluating and reinvigorating America's federal system of governance. Among the topics they examine are infrastructure, education and healthcare financing, trust in government, and intergovernmental relations in an era of rising federal debt and unfunded state and local liabilities. Three influential governors—Mitch Daniels, Jeb Bush, and Jerry Brown—describe navigating the federalist system as they led their states through many challenges. This unique compilation draws on the remarkable expertise and experience of its contributors to probe federalism's strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and challenges in the nation's political and economic governance.