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Economics Of Thorium Fuel Cycles
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Book Synopsis Economics of Thorium Fuel Cycles by :
Download or read book Economics of Thorium Fuel Cycles written by and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thorium utilization appears to permit development of an advanced technology involving fuel handling, processing, and refabricating on an economic basis. Based on U.S. cost rules, countercurrent fueling, and a throw-away cycle, heavy-water reactors fueled with Th-U/sup 235/ had fuel costs as low as natural-uranium-fueled systems. The spent fuel from the thorium system contained four times as much fissionable fuel as that from the natural-uranium system, and so processing costs and/or refabrication costs for the thorium fuel could be relatively high and still be economical. With fuel processing, U.S. processing charges, and uniform-batch fueling, light-water reactors fueled with Th-U/sup 235/ had lower fuel costs than slightly-enriched-uranium reactors; for higher neutron- economy systems, the uranium reactcrs had lower fuel costs in the initial uniformbatch cycle, but recycle of thorium fuel was generally more economic than recycle of uranium fuel. Based on the existence of an economic, advanced technology, calculated fuel-cycle costs for thorium-breeder reactors (including special-materials inventory charges) were less than 1 mill/kwh. The aqueous- homogeneous breeder reactor studied bad a fuel cost of about 0.9 mill/kwh at a fuel yield of 7% per year, while a molten-salt-breeder reactor had a fuel cost of about 0.6 mill/kwh at a fuel yield of 1% per year. (auth).
Book Synopsis The economics of thorium fuel cycles by : R. A. James
Download or read book The economics of thorium fuel cycles written by R. A. James and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Thorium Fuel Cycle by : Raymond G. Wymer
Download or read book Thorium Fuel Cycle written by Raymond G. Wymer and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 870 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Thorium Energy for the World by : Jean-Pierre Revol
Download or read book Thorium Energy for the World written by Jean-Pierre Revol and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-04-05 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Thorium Energy Conference (ThEC13) gathered some of the world’s leading experts on thorium technologies to review the possibility of destroying nuclear waste in the short term, and replacing the uranium fuel cycle in nuclear systems with the thorium fuel cycle in the long term. The latter would provide abundant, reliable and safe energy with no CO2 production, no air pollution, and minimal waste production. The participants, representatives of 30 countries, included Carlo Rubbia, Nobel Prize Laureate in physics and inventor of the Energy Amplifier; Jack Steinberger, Nobel Prize Laureate in physics; Hans Blix, former Director General of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); Rolf Heuer, Director General of CERN; Pascal Couchepin, former President of the Swiss Confederation; and Claude Haegi, President of the FEDRE, to name just a few. The ThEC13 proceedings are a source of reference on the use of thorium for energy generation. They offer detailed technical reviews of the status of thorium energy technologies, from basic R&D to industrial developments. They also describe how thorium can be used in critical reactors and in subcritical accelerator-driven systems (ADS), answering the important questions: – Why is thorium so attractive and what is the role of innovation, in particular in the nuclear energy domain? – What are the national and international R&D programs on thorium technologies and how are they progressing? ThEC13 was organized jointly by the international Thorium Energy Committee (iThEC), an association based in Geneva, and the International Thorium Energy Organisation (IThEO). It was held in the Globe of Science and Innovation at the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland, in October 2013.
Book Synopsis Molten Salt Reactors and Thorium Energy by : Thomas James Dolan
Download or read book Molten Salt Reactors and Thorium Energy written by Thomas James Dolan and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2024-01-25 with total page 1068 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Molten Salt Reactors and Thorium Energy, Second Edition is a fully updated comprehensive reference on the latest advances in MSR research and technology. Building on the successful first edition, Tom Dolan and the team of experts have fully updated the content to reflect the impressive advances from the last 5 years, ensuring this book continues to be the go-to reference on the topic. This new edition covers progress made in MSR design, details innovative experiments, and includes molten salt data, corrosion studies and deployment plans. The successful case studies section of the first edition have been removed, expanded, and fully updated, and are now published in a companion title called Global Case Studies on Molten Salt Reactors. Readers will gain a deep understanding of the advantages and challenges of MSR development and thorium fuel use, as well as step-by-step guidance on the latest in MSR reactor design. Each chapter provides a clear introduction, covers technical issues and includes examples and conclusions, while promoting the sustainability benefits throughout. A fully updated comprehensive handbook on Molten Salt Reactors and Thorium Energy, written by a team of global experts Covers MSR applications, technical issues, reactor types and reactor designs Includes 3 brand new chapters which reflect the latest advances in research and technology since the first edition published Presents case studies on molten salt reactors which aid in the transition to net zero by providing abundant clean, safe energy to complement wind and solar powe
Book Synopsis Role of Thorium to Supplement Fuel Cycles of Future Nuclear Energy Systems by :
Download or read book Role of Thorium to Supplement Fuel Cycles of Future Nuclear Energy Systems written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 157 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The investigation of the thorium fuel cycle (ThFC) is a collaborative INPRO (International Project on Innovative Nuclear Reactors and Fuel Cycles) activity within its main area on global vision on sustainable nuclear energy for the 21st century. The current publication reports on the sustainability of nuclear power by re-examining the potential of thorium-based fuel cycles to support future large scale deployment of nuclear energy systems by increasing the availability of nuclear material. Special attention is paid to the thorium fuel cycle from the point of view of economics and proliferation resistance."--Publisher description.
Book Synopsis Torium Breeders and Converters: Their Influence on Fuel Cycle Economics and Fuel by :
Download or read book Torium Breeders and Converters: Their Influence on Fuel Cycle Economics and Fuel written by and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Thorium and the Third Fuel by : Joseph M. Dukert
Download or read book Thorium and the Third Fuel written by Joseph M. Dukert and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Thorium Fuel Cycle by : International Atomic Energy Agency
Download or read book Thorium Fuel Cycle written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides a critical review of the thorium fuel cycle: potential benefits and challenges in the thorium fuel cycle, mainly based on the latest developments at the front end of the fuel cycle, applying thorium fuel cycle options, and at the back end of the thorium fuel cycle.
Download or read book Thorium Fuel Cycle written by Fouad Sabry and published by One Billion Knowledgeable. This book was released on 2022-10-15 with total page 530 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What Is Thorium Fuel Cycle The fertile material in the thorium fuel cycle is an isotope of thorium called 232Th, and the thorium fuel cycle itself is a kind of nuclear fuel cycle. Within the reactor, 232Th is converted into the fissile artificial uranium isotope 233U, which is then used as the fuel for the nuclear reactor. Natural thorium, in contrast to natural uranium, only contains minute quantities of fissile material, which is insufficient to kick off a nuclear chain reaction. In order to kickstart the fuel cycle, either more fissile material or an other neutron source is required. 233U is created when 232Th, which is powered by thorium, absorbs neutrons in a reactor. This is analogous to the process that occurs in uranium breeder reactors, in which fertile 238U is subjected to neutron absorption in order to produce fissile 239Pu. The produced 233U either fissions in situ or is chemically removed from the old nuclear fuel and converted into new nuclear fuel, depending on the architecture of the reactor and the fuel cycle. Fissioning in situ is the more efficient method. How You Will Benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Thorium fuel cycle Chapter 2: Nuclear reactor Chapter 3: Radioactive waste Chapter 4: Fissile material Chapter 5: Nuclear fuel cycle Chapter 6: MOX fuel Chapter 7: Breeder reactor Chapter 8: Uranium-238 Chapter 9: Energy amplifier Chapter 10: Subcritical reactor Chapter 11: Integral fast reactor Chapter 12: Fertile material Chapter 13: Uranium-233 Chapter 14: Plutonium-239 Chapter 15: Isotopes of uranium Chapter 16: Isotopes of plutonium Chapter 17: Weapons-grade nuclear material Chapter 18: Uranium-236 Chapter 19: Burnup Chapter 20: Liquid fluoride thorium reactor Chapter 21: Nuclear transmutation (II) Answering the public top questions about thorium fuel cycle. (III) Real world examples for the usage of thorium fuel cycle in many fields. (IV) 17 appendices to explain, briefly, 266 emerging technologies in each industry to have 360-degree full understanding of thorium fuel cycle' technologies. Who This Book Is For Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of thorium fuel cycle.
Book Synopsis Thorium—Energy for the Future by : A.K. Nayak
Download or read book Thorium—Energy for the Future written by A.K. Nayak and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-01-30 with total page 546 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book comprises selected proceedings of the ThEC15 conference. The book presents research findings on various facets of thorium energy, including exploration and mining, thermo-physical and chemical properties of fuels, reactor physics, challenges in fuel fabrication, thorium fuel cycles, thermal hydraulics and safety, material challenges, irradiation experiences, and issues and challenges for the design of advanced thorium fueled reactors. Thorium is more abundant than uranium and has the potential to provide energy to the world for centuries if used in a closed fuel cycle. As such, technologies for using thorium for power generation in nuclear reactors are being developed worldwide. Since there is a strong global thrust towards designing nuclear reactors with thorium-based fuel, this book will be of particular interest to nuclear scientists, reactor designers, regulators, academics and policymakers.
Book Synopsis Proceedings of the Thorium Fuel Cycle Symposium by :
Download or read book Proceedings of the Thorium Fuel Cycle Symposium written by and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Nuclear Fuel Cycle Science and Engineering by : Ian Crossland
Download or read book Nuclear Fuel Cycle Science and Engineering written by Ian Crossland and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-09-21 with total page 649 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The nuclear fuel cycle is characterised by the wide range of scientific disciplines and technologies it employs. The development of ever more integrated processes across the many stages of the nuclear fuel cycle therefore confronts plant manufacturers and operators with formidable challenges. Nuclear fuel cycle science and engineering describes both the key features of the complete nuclear fuel cycle and the wealth of recent research in this important field. Part one provides an introduction to the nuclear fuel cycle. Radiological protection, security and public acceptance of nuclear technology are considered, along with the economics of nuclear power. Part two goes on to explore materials mining, enrichment, fuel element design and fabrication for the uranium and thorium nuclear fuel cycle. The impact of nuclear reactor design and operation on fuel element irradiation is the focus of part three, including water and gas-cooled reactors, along with CANDU and Generation IV designs. Finally, part four reviews spent nuclear fuel and radioactive waste management. With its distinguished editor and international team of expert contributors, Nuclear fuel cycle science and engineering provides an important review for all those involved in the design, fabrication, use and disposal of nuclear fuels as well as regulatory bodies and researchers in this field. Provides a comprehensive and holistic review of the complete nuclear fuel cycle Reviews the issues presented by the nuclear fuel cycle, including radiological protection and security, public acceptance and economic analysis Discusses issues at the front-end of the fuel cycle, including uranium and thorium mining, enrichment and fuel design and fabrication
Book Synopsis Economics and Utilization of Thorium in Nuclear Reactors. Technical Annexes 1 and 2 by :
Download or read book Economics and Utilization of Thorium in Nuclear Reactors. Technical Annexes 1 and 2 written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An assessment of the impact of utilizing the 233U/thorium fuel cycle in the U.S. nuclear economy is strongly dependent upon several decisions involving nuclear energy policy. These decisions include: (1) to recycle or not recycle fissile material; (2) if fissile material is recycled, to recycle plutonium, 233U, or both; and (3) to deploy or not to deploy advanced reactor designs such as Fast Breeder Reactors (FBR's), High Temperature Gas Reactors (HTGR's), and Canadian Deuterium Uranium Reactors (CANDU's). This report examines the role of thorium in the context of the above policy decisions while focusing special attention on economics and resource utilization.
Book Synopsis Introduction of Thorium in the Nuclear Fuel Cycle by :
Download or read book Introduction of Thorium in the Nuclear Fuel Cycle written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Thorium Fuel Cycle Studies written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Fuel Cycle Economics of Improved Uranium Utilization in Light Water Reactors by : Ali T. Abbaspour
Download or read book Fuel Cycle Economics of Improved Uranium Utilization in Light Water Reactors written by Ali T. Abbaspour and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
