Economics of Hydrogen Production and Liquefaction Updated to 1980

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 90 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (317 download)

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Book Synopsis Economics of Hydrogen Production and Liquefaction Updated to 1980 by : C. R. Baker

Download or read book Economics of Hydrogen Production and Liquefaction Updated to 1980 written by C. R. Baker and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Liquid Hydrogen

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3709191262
Total Pages : 308 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Liquid Hydrogen by : Walter Peschka

Download or read book Liquid Hydrogen written by Walter Peschka and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: to the German Edition This book is based on published material, oral presentations and lecture courses, as well as the author's personal research in the specific field of space technology and in the general areas of energy storage and transfer, and cryogenics. The science and technology of liquid hydrogen-once essential prere quisites for the rapid development of space technology-are now also proving to be more and more important for the energy production of the future. Hydrogen as an energy carrier can generally mediate the existing disparity between nuclear energy and regenerative energy, both of which are indispensable for the future. Hydrogen, as a secondary energy carrier, can be produced from these primary energy sources with minimal environmental impact and without the detrimental, long-term pollution effects of current fossil fuel technology. Hydrogen, therefore, represents the ultimate in energy technology. The initial, large-scale application of hydrogen as a secondary energy was as a high-energy rocket propellant. The procedures for its large scale liquefaction, storage and employment were generally developed in the U.S. Currently in Europe similar activities are being conducted only in France. The effort in West Germany involves testing hydrogen-oxygen and hydrogen-fluorine rocket engines, studying also the physical and technical characteristics of slush hydrogen-mixture of the solid and liquid phase-and is concentrating currently on R&D applications of liquid hydrogen as an alternate fuel. Similar activities are also being conducted in Japan and Canada.

Hydrogen Economy, The: Fundamentals, Technology, Economics

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Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9811248567
Total Pages : 311 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (112 download)

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Book Synopsis Hydrogen Economy, The: Fundamentals, Technology, Economics by : Duncan Seddon

Download or read book Hydrogen Economy, The: Fundamentals, Technology, Economics written by Duncan Seddon and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2022-04-19 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 'Hydrogen Economy' is very broad subject ranging from the potential use of hydrogen for domestic use to the mass production of hydrogen replacing coal, natural gas (LNG) and conventional transport fuels.For any given project, there are many alternatives to consider for each stage of making, storing and transporting hydrogen. The book aims to assist proponents, and financiers of hydrogen projects to identify the optimum alternatives and identify hurdles and approaches to overcome them. This book attempts to describe an optimum approach to implement and its cost. It sets out to identify hurdles to implementation which may not be apparent to those entering the field for the first time.The book covers the various means and costs of production from fossil fuels (with carbon capture) - blue hydrogen - electrolysis - green hydrogen - or biomass. The book covers hydrogen storage as liquid or compressed gas and transport, through pipelines as liquid or by an intermediary fluid such as ammonia or a hydrocarbon. The book also discusses the production and costs of hydrogen delivery at the user end of a logistics chain. It also compares the relative energy value of energy delivered hydrogen versus the current suite of conventional fuels.

Survey Study of the Efficiency and Economics of Hydrogen Liquefaction

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 312 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (317 download)

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Book Synopsis Survey Study of the Efficiency and Economics of Hydrogen Liquefaction by :

Download or read book Survey Study of the Efficiency and Economics of Hydrogen Liquefaction written by and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Hydrogen Economy

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139480952
Total Pages : 671 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)

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Book Synopsis The Hydrogen Economy by : Michael Ball

Download or read book The Hydrogen Economy written by Michael Ball and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2009-09-24 with total page 671 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book highlights the opportunities and the challenges of introducing hydrogen as alternative transport fuel from an economic, technical and environmental point of view. Through its multi-disciplinary approach the book provides researchers, decision makers and policy makers with a solid and wide-ranging knowledge base concerning the hydrogen economy.

Hydrogen Economy

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Publisher : The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI)
ISBN 13 : 8179935043
Total Pages : 391 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (799 download)

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Book Synopsis Hydrogen Economy by : P K Pahwa

Download or read book Hydrogen Economy written by P K Pahwa and published by The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI). This book was released on 2014-04-15 with total page 391 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the dependence on the depleting fossils fuels continues and global warming increases, we need to find an energy system that is renewable and sustainable, efficient and cost-effective, convenient and safe. Hydrogen has been proposed as the perfect fuel to sustain the energy system. The availability of a reliable and cost-effective supply, safe and efficient storage, and convenient end use of hydrogen will be essential for a transition to a hydrogen economy. Research is being conducted throughout the world for the development of safe, cost-effective hydrogen production, storage, and end-use technologies that support and foster this transition. Hydrogen Economy discusses the strategies and roadmaps of introducing hydrogen as the alternate source of fuel for sustainable development. The book examines the link between development and energy, prospects of sustainable development, significance of hydrogen energy economy. It provides an authoritative and up-to-date scientific account of hydrogen generation, storage, transportation, and safety. Key Features: · Explains the significance of hydrogen economy · Examines the feasibility of transporting, distributing and utilizing hydrogen · Assesses the safety of using hydrogen and potential hazards Contents: Preface 1. Energy and Development · How Energy is Measured? · Fossil Fuels · Contribution of Non-fossil Energy Sources to Global Primary Energy Mix 2. Significance of Hydrogen Economy · Energy Crisis · Environmental Effects of Using Fossil Fuels · Energy and Environment · Sustainable Development · Transition to the Hydrogen Economy 3. Hydrogen Production 4. Hydrogen Storage · Fundamentals of Hydrogen · Hydrogen Embrittlement · Introduction to Packaging and Storage of Hydrogen · Standardization for Hydrogen Gas Cylinders · ASME Code Symbol Stamp · Hydrogen Liquefaction · Liquid Hydrogen Storage · Hydrogen Storage in Metal Hydrides · Developing Hydrogen Storage Media · On-board Hydrogen Storage · Choice of Storage Method 5. Transportation, Distribution, and Utilization of Hydrogen · Transportation of Hydrogen · Compressed Gas Transport · Transfer of Hydrogen Gas 6. Hydrogen Hazards Assessment and Safety · Terms and Definitions · Hazard Analysis · Choosing a Methodology · Hydrogen Hazards · Mandated Requirements · Hydrogen Safety Appendix 1: Liquid Hydrogen Handler’s Qualification Training 2: Scaling Laws, Explosions, Blast Effects, and Fragmentation 3: Hydrogen Sensing and Detection 4: Relief Devices Bibliography Index About the Authors

Production economics for hydrogen, ammonia and methanol during the 1980-2000 period

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 166 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (645 download)

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Book Synopsis Production economics for hydrogen, ammonia and methanol during the 1980-2000 period by : Hampton G. Corneil

Download or read book Production economics for hydrogen, ammonia and methanol during the 1980-2000 period written by Hampton G. Corneil and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Design and Analysis of Liquid Hydrogen Technologies

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Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0443214379
Total Pages : 379 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (432 download)

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Book Synopsis Design and Analysis of Liquid Hydrogen Technologies by : Ahmad K. Sleiti

Download or read book Design and Analysis of Liquid Hydrogen Technologies written by Ahmad K. Sleiti and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2024-04-12 with total page 379 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Design and Analysis of Liquid Hydrogen Technologies: Liquefaction, Storage and Distribution offers readers a comprehensive guide to the development, analysis, design, and assessment methodologies for liquid hydrogen. From the fundamentals to the latest developments and current applications, the book provides an extensive and systematic discussion of the design, simulation, and techno-economic analysis methodologies supported by practical examples, verified codes, and innovative process designs. The book provides a comprehensive overview of the liquid hydrogen economy, followed by detailed advanced thermoeconomic, exergoeconomic, optimization, and dynamic simulation models that are essential for the assessment of the current and future LH2 technologies. The authors then identify current technological challenges and propose innovative solutions for LH2 technologies, with a focus on the liquefaction plants and storage facilities. In-depth analyses are provided of the reliability, safety, and environmental impacts of the different stages of the LH2 supply, transportation, regasification, and distribution. To improve the economic feasibility of LH2 plants, recent advanced energy-integrated systems are discussed. Potential market applications are considered, and detailed techno-economic assessments are provided. Finally, the book critically evaluates the future directions and prospective development of liquid hydrogen technologies, regulations, safety standards, and new markets for liquid hydrogen applications. Bringing together the latest information, Design and Analysis of Liquid Hydrogen Technologies: Liquefaction, Storage and Distribution provides a valuable resource for students, researchers, scientists, and engineers working in the hydrogen economy or involved in the processing, design, manufacturing, quality control, reliability, safety, systems, and testing of cryogenic refrigeration and liquid hydrogen production, storage, and transportation. Describes, in detail, the current operational and conceptual hydrogen liquefaction, storage, transportation, regasification, and distribution technologies Offers comprehensive analytical tools, decision-making tools, and practical examples for the advanced modeling and simulation of liquid hydrogen plants Provides techno-economic, reliability, safety, and environmental impact analysis of liquid hydrogen technologies, along with future prospects

Hydrogen Energy Progress

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Publisher : Pergamon
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 516 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Hydrogen Energy Progress by : T. Nejat Veziroğlu

Download or read book Hydrogen Energy Progress written by T. Nejat Veziroğlu and published by Pergamon. This book was released on 1981 with total page 516 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Liquefied Natural Gas

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 790 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Liquefied Natural Gas by :

Download or read book Liquefied Natural Gas written by and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 790 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Hydrogen Economy

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 54 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (461 download)

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Book Synopsis The Hydrogen Economy by : Navneet Kumar

Download or read book The Hydrogen Economy written by Navneet Kumar and published by . This book was released on 2021-04-29 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Between production and use, any commercial product is subject to the following processes: packaging, transportation, storage, and transfer. The same is true for hydrogen in a "Hydrogen Economy". Hydrogen has to be packaged by compression or liquefaction, it has to be transported by surface vehicles or pipelines, it has to be stored and transferred. Generated by electrolysis or chemistry, the fuel gas has to go through these market procedures before it can be used by the customer, even if it is produced locally at filling stations. As there are no environmental or energetic advantages in producing hydrogen from natural gas or other hydrocarbons, we do not consider this option, although hydrogen can be chemically synthesized at a relatively low cost. In the past, hydrogen production and hydrogen use have been addressed by many, assuming that hydrogen gas is just another gaseous energy carrier and that it can be handled much like natural gas in today's energy economy. With this study, we present an analysis of the energy required to operate a pure hydrogen economy. High-grade electricity from renewable or nuclear sources is needed to generate hydrogen and all other essential steps of a hydrogen economy. But because of the molecular structure of hydrogen, hydrogen infrastructure is much more energy-intensive than a natural gas economy. In this study, the energy consumed by each stage is related to the energy content (higher heating value HHV) of the delivered hydrogen itself. The analysis reveals that much more energy is needed to operate a hydrogen economy than is consumed in today's energy economy. Depending on the chosen route the input of electrical energy to make, package, transport, store and transfer hydrogen may easily double the hydrogen energy delivered to the end-user. But precious energy can be saved by packaging hydrogen chemically in a synthetic liquid hydrocarbon like methanol or dimethyl ether DME. We, therefore, suggest modifying the vision of a hydrogen economy by considering not only the closed hydrogen (water) cycle but also the closed carbon (CO2) cycle. This could create the intellectual platform for the conception of a post-fossil fuel energy economy based on synthetic hydrocarbons. Carbon atoms from biomass, organic waste materials, or recycled carbon dioxide could become the carriers for hydrogen atoms. Furthermore, the energy-consuming electrolysis may be partially replaced by the less energy-intensive chemical transformation of water and carbon to synthetic hydrocarbons. As long as the carbon comes from the biosphere ("biocarbon") the synthetic hydrocarbon economy would be as benign concerning the environment as a pure hydrogen economy. But the use of "geocarbons" from fossil sources should be avoided to uncouple energy use from global warming.

NASA SP.

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 750 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)

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Book Synopsis NASA SP. by :

Download or read book NASA SP. written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 750 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Hydrogen Economy

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Publisher : Penguin
ISBN 13 : 9781585422548
Total Pages : 308 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (225 download)

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Book Synopsis The Hydrogen Economy by : Jeremy Rifkin

Download or read book The Hydrogen Economy written by Jeremy Rifkin and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2002 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exposes the coming depletion of oil reserves and illuminates the potential of sustainable hydrogen fuel to replace fossil fuels.

Economics and Market Potential of Hydrogen Production

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (16 download)

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Book Synopsis Economics and Market Potential of Hydrogen Production by :

Download or read book Economics and Market Potential of Hydrogen Production written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A study was undertaken to evaluate the economics of producing hydrogen from coal and from water and to assess the market potential for this hydrogen in chemical and fuel applications. Results of this study are summarized. Current chemical applications of hydrogen in manufacturing ammonia and methanol, in refining petroleum and in specialty uses provide a base market for penetration by new hydrogen production technologies, although prospects for the use of hydrogen in fuel applications remain unclear. Electrolysis and coal gasification will be complementary, not competitive, technologies for producing hydrogen. Coal gasification plants are better suited to production of large quantities of hydrogen, while electrolyzers are better suited to the production of hydrogen for small-scale uses. Hydrogen produced through coal gasification may be economical in chemical applications (e.g., ammonia production) by the late 1990's. Development programs now underway are expected to provide new coal gasification technologies with lower first costs and higher efficiencies than current technologies. An on-site coal gasification plant supplying hydrogen in the quantities usually required in chemical applications (from 10 to 100 million cubic feet per day) will be smaller than is generally proposed for syngas plants. Growth in smaller scale specialty uses of hydrogen and improvements in the technology for electrolysis will create conditions favorable to expanded use of hydrogen produced through water electrolysis. The major constraint on use of electrolysis will be the availability of low cost electricity. Shortages of natural gas caused by declining domestic production could induce shifts to producing hydrogen through electrolysis or through coal gasification earlier in time (i.e., the late 1980's or early 1990's) than is suggested by comparative cost calculations alone.

The Hydrogen Energy Economy

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Publisher : Greenwood
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 340 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The Hydrogen Energy Economy by : Edward M. Dickson

Download or read book The Hydrogen Energy Economy written by Edward M. Dickson and published by Greenwood. This book was released on 1977 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Hydrogen

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Publisher : Xlibris Corporation
ISBN 13 : 1479733148
Total Pages : 321 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (797 download)

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Book Synopsis Hydrogen by : Gary L. Krupp

Download or read book Hydrogen written by Gary L. Krupp and published by Xlibris Corporation. This book was released on 2012-10 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hello -- my name is Don Bongaards and I am a retired engineer. This book is a sequel to my first book entitled A Sense of Urgency which described how the United States could free itself from its dependence upon imported oil and achieves economic growth and prosperity by phasing in hydrogen fuel as a substitute for gasoline. I have written this sequel to introduce some new ideas that can make the transition to hydrogen fuel more cost effective and practical -- like beginning the hydrogen phase in process using reformed natural gas while in the short run drilling for as much domestic oil and natural gas as possible. In the long run a thermo-chemical process can take over in 20 to 40 years to make hydrogen from water economically viable. At today's natural gas prices, reformed hydrogen could be sold at the gas station pump for about three dollars per equivalent gasoline gallon. Not bad when you consider that the currently available Honda FCX hydrogen fuel cell car can achieve more than 60 miles per gallon. Another reason for writing this sequel is to emphasize the point that global oil consumption has become a clear and present danger. We are acting like the proverbial frog that is sitting in a pot of warm water that is quickly coming to a boil. The exponentially increasing worldwide demand for oil is becoming more of a problem than is commonly thought. In spite of what you might have been told about hundreds of years supply of oil and other fossil fuels, the truth is -- it just ain't so. Countries like China and India are beginning to consume oil at an increasingly faster rate. The world currently consumes about 33 billion barrels of oil per year and the known reserves are less than 1,000 billion barrels. The problem is that the 33 billion barrels per year consumption rate is increasing at about 2 percent each year. If you do the arithmetic, the world will consume about 110 billion barrels of oil per year by the year 2070 -- less than 60 years from now. However, during this time we will have had a total consumption of about 3,500 billion barrels. Do you think that we will discover enough oil and oil sands to fill this demand? Do you think that we can convert enough coal into synthetic fuel? Do you think that we will have enough natural gas to substitute for gasoline? Do you think that oil shale will come to the rescue? How about electric cars that use wind and solar energy? Think again -- it isn't going to happen -- and I will explain why in this book. And -- by the way -- don't assume that the United States will fuel itself while the rest of the world runs out of fuel. Since the United States spends almost 700 billion dollars each year to purchase oil from other countries doesn't it make sense that this money would be better spent in the United States. How about forming a hydrogen fuel consortium comprised of 50 million social security investors and potentially save this vital program from extinction. While this might not be the only way to get the job done I am proposing it in this book as food for thought. From what I have just described with regard to current oil consumption demand, don't surprised if gasoline prices don`t skyrocket in the not too distant future -- how about ten or more dollars per gallon! Let's begin building a hydrogen fuel infrastructure now to protect our children and grandchildren from an impending disaster!

Survey Study of the Efficiency and Economics of Hydrogen Liquefaction

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (114 download)

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Book Synopsis Survey Study of the Efficiency and Economics of Hydrogen Liquefaction by : Union Carbide Corporation

Download or read book Survey Study of the Efficiency and Economics of Hydrogen Liquefaction written by Union Carbide Corporation and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: