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Economic Evaluation Of Gas To Liquids Gtl Crude Oil Commingled Product Transportation Through The Trans Alaska Pipeline System Taps
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Book Synopsis Economic Evaluation of Gas to Liquids (GTL), Crude Oil Commingled Product Transportation Through the Trans Alaska Pipeline System (TAPS) by : Adejoke Motunrayo Ibironke
Download or read book Economic Evaluation of Gas to Liquids (GTL), Crude Oil Commingled Product Transportation Through the Trans Alaska Pipeline System (TAPS) written by Adejoke Motunrayo Ibironke and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The Alaska North Slope is a potential candidate for the Gas to Liquid (GTL) technology. With over 38 TCF of natural gas reserves stranded on the Alaska North Slope, the GTL technology is considered as a possible method of harnessing the abundant resources. GTL fuels are environmentally friendly (sulfur free) with better ignition and burning properties than conventional petroleum products from crude oil. Economic evaluation using Rate of Return analysis and the Net Present Value (NPV) to identify the most favorable commingled mode for the transportation of the GTL products was performed. The Crystal Ball software was also used to run sensitivity analysis by using the probabilistic approach to give a clear view of the various scenarios on the project economics. Evaluating the options of transporting GTL products as a blend (Commingled) with the Alaska North Slope Crude Oil through the existing Trans-Alaska Pipeline System (TAPS) is the main focus of this study"--Leaf iv.
Book Synopsis Economic Evaluation of Gas to Liquids (GTL) Product Transportation Through the Trans Alaska Pipeline Systems (TAPS) by : Nkemakonam Ejiofor
Download or read book Economic Evaluation of Gas to Liquids (GTL) Product Transportation Through the Trans Alaska Pipeline Systems (TAPS) written by Nkemakonam Ejiofor and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The Alaska North Slope is a potential candidate for the Gas to Liquid (GTL) technology. With over 38 Tcf of natural gas reserves stranded on the Alaska North Slope, the GTL technology is considered as a possible method of harnessing the abundant resources. GTL fuels are environmentally friendly (sulfur free) with better ignition and burning properties than conventional petroleum products from crude oil. Evaluating the options of transporting GTL products through the existing Trans Alaska Pipeline System (TAPS) together with crude oil either as a blend of crude oil and GTL (commingled) or as alternate slugs of each product (batching) is the main focus of this study. Economic evaluation using Rate of Return analysis to identify the most favorable mode of transportation of the GTL products was performed. Batching, using the modem tracking and sensor techniques was found to be the most economic method yielding the highest return on investment"--Leaf iii.
Book Synopsis Evaluation of the Modes of Transporting GTL Products Through the Trans-Alaska Pipeline System (TAPS) by : Chinedu Franklyn Akwukwaegbu
Download or read book Evaluation of the Modes of Transporting GTL Products Through the Trans-Alaska Pipeline System (TAPS) written by Chinedu Franklyn Akwukwaegbu and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Gas-to-liquids (GTL) conversion technology, where natural gas is chemically converted to transportable hydrocarbon liquid products, is an emerging technology that will undoubtedly reach commercialization within the next decade. Two GTL transportation modes, that could be used to exploit vast Alaska Natural Gas resources in the form of stable liquid through the Trans-Alaska Pipeline System (TAPS), are evaluated either as single slugs (batches) or commingled (mixed) with Crude Oil. In this study, thee pertinent energy equations are solved for both batch and commingled flow modes. The solutions of these equations are analytically presented for determining among other parameters, the pressure gradient and pertinent slug length required for batching. The application of the determined hydraulic parameters will aid in the analysis and economic evaluation of the GTL transportation modes through the Trans-Alaska Pipeline System (TAPS)"--Leaf iii.
Author :United States. Department of the Interior. Office of Economic Analysis Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :520 pages Book Rating :4.F/5 ( download)
Book Synopsis An Analysis of the Economic and Security Aspects of the Trans-Alaska Pipeline: Supporting analyses by : United States. Department of the Interior. Office of Economic Analysis
Download or read book An Analysis of the Economic and Security Aspects of the Trans-Alaska Pipeline: Supporting analyses written by United States. Department of the Interior. Office of Economic Analysis and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Experimental Investigation on the Transportation of Commingled Blends of Gas-to-liquid (GTL) Products and Alaskan Heavy Crude Oil Through the Trans-Alaska Pipeline System (TAPS) by : Chidiebere G. C. Igbokwe
Download or read book Experimental Investigation on the Transportation of Commingled Blends of Gas-to-liquid (GTL) Products and Alaskan Heavy Crude Oil Through the Trans-Alaska Pipeline System (TAPS) written by Chidiebere G. C. Igbokwe and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Heavy oil deposits in the West Sak and Ugnu formations are currently considered as potential resources to address the issue of declining oil production on Alaska's North Slope (ANS). Similarly, an estimated proven and recoverable ANS gas reserve of 38 trillion cubic feet (TCF) can be converted to high premium Gas-to-Liquid products which may be commingled with Alaskan heavy oil products. These commingled blends of GTL and Alaska heavy oil can be transported through the Trans Alaska Pipeline System (TAPS). The primary operational issues that could affect the transportation of these fluids through TAPS are: pump ability of the heavy oil, cold restart following a prolonged shut down, and solid deposition in the pipeline. Since TAPS was originally designed to carry light to medium, low viscosity crude oil, transporting heavy or viscous oil may cause problems with the overall hydraulics. In this study, ANS crude oil was distilled and the heavy fraction cuts (~18° API gravity) were commingled with ANS crude oil and GTL samples for evaluation. Density and viscosity results showed that addition of GTL significantly reduced heavy oil viscosity to present TAPS conditions. However, solid deposition was observed to be a potential problem"--Leaf iv.
Author :United States. Department of the Interior. Office of Economic Analysis Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :296 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (512 download)
Book Synopsis An Analysis of the Economic and Security Aspects of the Trans-Alaska Pipeline by : United States. Department of the Interior. Office of Economic Analysis
Download or read book An Analysis of the Economic and Security Aspects of the Trans-Alaska Pipeline written by United States. Department of the Interior. Office of Economic Analysis and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :United States. Dept. of the Interior. Office of Economic Analysis Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :748 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (91 download)
Book Synopsis An Analysis of the Economic and Security Aspects of the Trans-Alaska Pipeline by : United States. Dept. of the Interior. Office of Economic Analysis
Download or read book An Analysis of the Economic and Security Aspects of the Trans-Alaska Pipeline written by United States. Dept. of the Interior. Office of Economic Analysis and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 748 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :United States. Department of the Interior. Office of Economic Analysis Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :218 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (3 download)
Book Synopsis An Analysis of the Economic and Security Aspects of the Trans-Alaska Pipeline: Supplement: energy and policy alternatives by : United States. Department of the Interior. Office of Economic Analysis
Download or read book An Analysis of the Economic and Security Aspects of the Trans-Alaska Pipeline: Supplement: energy and policy alternatives written by United States. Department of the Interior. Office of Economic Analysis and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Thermal and Fluid Dynamic Analysis of Gas-to-liquids Transportation Through Trans Alaska Pipeline System by : Sirisha Nerella
Download or read book Thermal and Fluid Dynamic Analysis of Gas-to-liquids Transportation Through Trans Alaska Pipeline System written by Sirisha Nerella and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Gas-to-liquids (GTL) technology involves the conversion of natural gas to liquid hydrocarbons. In this study, theoretical studies have been presented to determine the feasibility of transporting GTL products through the Trans-Alaska Pipeline System (TAPS). To successfully transport GTL through TAPS, heat loss along the route must be carefully determined. This study presents heat transfer and fluid dynamic calculations to evaluate this feasibility. Because of heat loss, the fluid temperature decreases in the direction of flow and this affects the fluid properties, which in turn influence convection coefficient and pumping power requirements. The temperature and heat loss distribution along the pipeline at different locations have been calculated. Fairly good agreement with measured oil temperatures is observed. The powers required to pump crude oil and GTL individually, against various losses have been calculated. Two GTL transportation modes have been considered; one as a pure stream of GTL and the second as a commingled mixture with crude oil. These results show that the pumping power and heat loss for GTL are less than that of the crude oil for the same volumetric flow rate. Therefore, GTL can be transported through TAPS using existing equipment at pump stations"--Leaf iii.
Book Synopsis Operational Challenges in Gas-To-Liquid (GTL) Transportation Through Trans Alaska Pipeline System (TAPS). by : Santanu Khataniar
Download or read book Operational Challenges in Gas-To-Liquid (GTL) Transportation Through Trans Alaska Pipeline System (TAPS). written by Santanu Khataniar and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oil production from Alaskan North Slope oil fields has steadily declined. In the near future, ANS crude oil production will decline to such a level (200,000 to 400,000 bbl/day) that maintaining economic operation of the Trans-Alaska Pipeline System (TAPS) will require pumping alternative products through the system. Heavy oil deposits in the West Sak and Ugnu formations are a potential resource, although transporting these products involves addressing important sedimentation issues. One possibility is the use of Gas-to-Liquid (GTL) technology. Estimated recoverable gas reserves of 38 trillion cubic feet (TCF) on the North Slope of Alaska can be converted to liquid with GTL technology and combined with the heavy oils for a product suitable for pipeline transport. Issues that could affect transport of this such products through TAPS include pumpability of GTL and crude oil blends, cold restart of the pipeline following a prolonged winter shutdown, and solids deposition inside the pipeline. This study examined several key fluid properties of GTL, crude oil and four selected blends under TAPS operating conditions. Key measurements included Reid Vapor Pressure, density and viscosity, PVT properties, and solids deposition. Results showed that gel strength is not a significant factor for the ratios of GTL-crude oil blend mixtures (1:1; 1:2; 1:3; 1:4) tested under TAPS cold re-start conditions at temperatures above - 20 F, although Bingham fluid flow characteristics exhibited by the blends at low temperatures indicate high pumping power requirements following prolonged shutdown. Solids deposition is a major concern for all studied blends. For the commingled flow profile studied, decreased throughput can result in increased and more rapid solid deposition along the pipe wall, resulting in more frequent pigging of the pipeline or, if left unchecked, pipeline corrosion.
Book Synopsis STUDY OF TRANSPORTATION OF GTL PRODUCTS FROM ALASKAN NORTH SLOPE (ANS) TO MARKETS. by :
Download or read book STUDY OF TRANSPORTATION OF GTL PRODUCTS FROM ALASKAN NORTH SLOPE (ANS) TO MARKETS. written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Alaskan North Slope is one of the largest hydrocarbon reserves in the US where Gas-to-Liquids (GTL) technology can be successfully implemented. The proven and recoverable reserves of conventional natural gas in the developed and undeveloped fields in the Alaskan North Slope (ANS) are estimated to be 38 trillion standard cubic feet (TCF) and estimates of additional undiscovered gas reserves in the Arctic field range from 64 TCF to 142 TCF. Transportation of the natural gas from the remote ANS is the key issue in effective utilization of this valuable and abundance resource. The throughput of oil through the Trans Alaska Pipeline System (TAPS) has been on decline and is expected to continue to decline in future. It is projected that by the year 2015, ANS crude oil production will decline to such a level that there will be a critical need for pumping additional liquid from GTL process to provide an adequate volume for economic operation of TAPS. The pumping of GTL products through TAPS will significantly increase its economic life. Transporting GTL products from the North Slope of Alaska down to the Marine terminal at Valdez is no doubt the great challenge facing the Gas to Liquids options of utilizing the abundant natural gas resource of the North Slope. The primary purpose of this study was to evaluate and assess the economic feasibility of transporting GTL products through the TAPS. Material testing program for GTL and GTL/Crude oil blends was designed and implemented for measurement of physical properties of GTL products. The measurement and evaluation of the properties of these materials were necessary so as to access the feasibility of transporting such materials through TAPS under cold arctic conditions. Results of the tests indicated a trend of increasing yield strength with increasing wax content. GTL samples exhibited high gel strengths at temperatures as high as 20 F, which makes it difficult for cold restart following winter shutdowns. Simplified analytical models were developed to study the flow of GTL and GTL/crude oil blends through TAPS in both commingled and batch flow models. The economics of GTL transportations by either commingled or batching mode were evaluated. The choice of mode of transportation of GTL products through TAPS would depend on the expected purity of the product and a trade-off between loss in product value due to contamination and cost of keeping the product pure at the discharge terminal.
Book Synopsis Natural Gas Regulation and the Trans-Alaska Pipeline by : United States. Congress. Economic Joint Committee
Download or read book Natural Gas Regulation and the Trans-Alaska Pipeline written by United States. Congress. Economic Joint Committee and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 514 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Natural Gas Regulation and the Trans-Alaska Pipeline by : United States. Congress. Joint Economic Committee
Download or read book Natural Gas Regulation and the Trans-Alaska Pipeline written by United States. Congress. Joint Economic Committee and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Final Environmental Impact Statement: Proposed Trans-Alaska Pipeline: Consultation and coordination with others; discussion of points raised during review and the public hearing process; attachments by : United States. Federal Task Force on Alaskan Oil Development
Download or read book Final Environmental Impact Statement: Proposed Trans-Alaska Pipeline: Consultation and coordination with others; discussion of points raised during review and the public hearing process; attachments written by United States. Federal Task Force on Alaskan Oil Development and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Statement analysing the impact of granting the right-of-way applications for an oil pipeline across U.S. federal lands in Alaska would have on the environment in accordance with the requirement of the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969.
Book Synopsis Journal of Petroleum Technology by :
Download or read book Journal of Petroleum Technology written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 526 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Survey of Publications on Exploration, Development, and Delivery of Alaskan Oil to Market by : United States. General Accounting Office
Download or read book Survey of Publications on Exploration, Development, and Delivery of Alaskan Oil to Market written by United States. General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines origins and effects of increases in cost to construct Trans Alaska pipeline system. Six sections: Arctic oil, Trans Alaska pipeline system, distribution systems and markets for Alaskan oil, marine transportation, transportation cost considerations, and literature research bibliography. Based on results of literature review.
Book Synopsis Final Environmental Impact Statement for the Alaska Natural Gas Transportation Systems: Comments and responses by : United States. Federal Power Commission
Download or read book Final Environmental Impact Statement for the Alaska Natural Gas Transportation Systems: Comments and responses written by United States. Federal Power Commission and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
