Read Books Online and Download eBooks, EPub, PDF, Mobi, Kindle, Text Full Free.
Download Early Marine Ecology Of Juvenile Chum Salmon In Kuskokwim Bay Western Alaska full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Early Marine Ecology Of Juvenile Chum Salmon In Kuskokwim Bay Western Alaska ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
Author : Nicola Hillgruber
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 342 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (775 download)
Download or read book Early Marine Ecology of Juvenile Chum Salmon in Kuskokwim Bay, Western Alaska written by Nicola Hillgruber and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Sean Eugene Burril
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 152 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (182 download)
Download or read book Feeding Ecology and Energy Density of Juvenile Chum Salmon, Oncorhynchus Keta, from Kuskokwim Bay, Western Alaska written by Sean Eugene Burril and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Juvenile chum salmon from Kuskokwim Bay were sampled for patterns in diet and energy density in 2003 and 2004. Comparisons were made interannually, seasonally, between juvenile size classes, and between sailinity ranges. Sampling was conducted using a modified Kvichak Trawl. Bomb calorimetry was used to obtain energy density values. Feeding success and feeding intensity increased with fish size and season, and was highest in waters with moderate salinity. Feeding success and intensity were lowest for smaller juvenile chum salmon collected early in the season in water with low salinity. Prey composition was similar in both years, but varied with fish size, salinity ranges, and sampling weeks. Calanoid copepods and insects combined made up >50% of all prey items consumed and >80% of the overall prey biomass for all size classes, salinity ranges, and weeks. Feeding by juvenile chum salmon in Kuskokwim Bay appeared to be opportunistic. In 2003, no significant differences in energy density were found. In 2004, energy density decreased significantly from mid-May to mid-June and with increasing fish size. Decreasing energy density with season and size suggests that juvenile chum salmon were allocating the majority of their energy towards growth and smoltification, rather than lipid storage. Results from this study indicate that Kuskokwim bay may provide a suboptimal estuarine rearing habitat for juvenile chum salmon. If seasonally increasing energy demands are not balanced by an increasing food supply, the severe implications potentially include declines in growth rates and possibly overall survival probability of chum salmon juveniles in Kuskokwim Bay"--Leaf iii.
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309093007
Total Pages : 225 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)
Download or read book Developing a Research and Restoration Plan for Arctic-Yukon-Kuskokwim (Western Alaska) Salmon written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2005-07-06 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent declines in the abundance of salmon in the Arctic-Yukon-Kuskokwim (AYK) region of western Alaska have created hardships for the people and communities who depend on this resource. In 2002, the AYK Sustainable Salmon Initiative (SSI) was created to undertake research to understand the reasons for this decline and to help support sustainable management in the region. This report makes recommendations for developing the research that the AYK SSI science plan should be based on, and relates the development of a restoration plan to the results of that research.
Author : Matthew J. Nemeth
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 156 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (546 download)
Download or read book Ecology of Juvenile Chum Salmon from Norton Sound, Alaska written by Matthew J. Nemeth and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Safety Sound, an estuary on the northern edge of Norton Sound in western Alaska, was surveyed between June 30 and July 21, 2002 to describe juvenile chum salmon presence, basic environmental conditions in the estuary, and to estimate the feasibility of future chum salmon studies."--Leaf 1.
Author : Stacy L. Vega
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 166 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (921 download)
Download or read book Marine-entry Timing and Growth Rates of Juvenile Chum Salmon in Alaskan Waters of the Chukchi and Northern Bering Seas written by Stacy L. Vega and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent climate change is most pronounced in the Arctic, with many implications for juvenile salmon life-history patterns, such as altered timing of migrations and/or timing and success of life-history stages. The objectives of this study were to determine the timing of marine entry and early marine growth of juvenile Chum Salmon Oncorhynchus keta in the Chukchi and northern Bering seas. Sagittal otoliths were collected from juvenile Chum Salmon in summers 2007, 2012, and 2013 via surface trawls in the southern Chukchi and northern Bering seas. Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to discriminate between freshwater and marine environments, and daily growth increments were counted to determine marine-entry dates and growth rates of juvenile Chum Salmon to make temporal and regional comparisons of juvenile characteristics. Marine-entry dates ranged from mid-June to mid-July, with all region and year combinations exhibiting similar characteristics with respect to entry timing, i.e., larger individuals at the time of capture entered the marine environment earlier in the growing season than smaller individuals. Juvenile growth rates were estimated to be, on average, 4.9 % body weight per day in both regions in summers 2007 and 2012, and 6.8% body weight per day in the Chukchi Sea in 2013. This study shows consistent conditions among regions with respect to juvenile Chum Salmon marine-entry timing, with some variation in growth rates. These results provide a novel and more thorough evaluation of juvenile Chum Salmon early life-history characteristics in the Alaskan Arctic and provide a baseline for comparisons with future climate change studies.
Author : Philip E. K. Symons
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 180 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book A Review of the Research on the Early Marine Period of Pacific Salmon by Canada, Japan, Russia, and the United States written by Philip E. K. Symons and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The reports in this Bulletin summarize the studies of the early marine period of the life history of juvenile Pacific salmon. Review paper included: 1) A history of the research on the early marine life of Pacific salmon off Canada's Pacific coast; 2) Japanese studies on the early ocean life of juvenile salmon; 3) Review of Russian marine investigations of juvenile Pacific salmon; 4) Research conducted by the United States on the early ocean life of Pacific salmon.
Author : Michael L. Kohan
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 166 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (92 download)
Download or read book Variation in Abundance and Physiological Status of Juvenile Chum Salmon (Oncorhynchus Keta) in Relation to Marine Factors in Southeast Alaska written by Michael L. Kohan and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Little is known about the mechanisms influencing the critical early life stages of juvenile chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) from coastal to offshore marine waters. There is mounting evidence to suggest that fluctuations in early marine conditions affect juvenile salmon physiological status and year class strength. We investigated relationships of a suite of marine factors at local, regional, and basin scales to the physiological status and abundance of juvenile chum salmon in northern Southeast Alaska (SEAK) from 1997-2013. Correlation analyses were used to identify potential mechanisms influencing year class strength. Marine factors at the local scale were correlated to the observed physiological status of juvenile chum salmon: average June/July wind speed was negatively correlated to weight-at-length residuals, sea surface temperatures in July were positively correlated with length, and the June mixed-layer depth was positively correlated to the energy density of juvenile chum salmon in July. Marine factors at the regional scale influenced juvenile chum salmon abundance: freshwater discharge was positively correlated whereas upwelling was negatively correlated with abundance, linking high abundance to characteristics of strong Aleutian Low (AL) climatic conditions. Comparisons of juvenile chum salmon physiological status were also made between: 1) SEAK habitats (Icy Strait and the Eastern Gulf of Alaska, EGOA), 2) stock groups (hatchery and wild), and 3) years 2010 and 2011 possible mechanisms influencing productivity of chum salmon. Between habitats, length of juvenile chum salmon did not differ. However, both weight-at-length residuals and energy density values were significantly higher in the EGOA, irrespective of year, indicating juvenile salmon allocate energy to somatic growth in Icy Strait, while the EGOA may serve as a habitat for juvenile chum salmon to store energy as lipids. Between chum salmon stocks, wild stocks were shorter and had higher weight-at-length residuals than hatchery stocks. Between years, the 2010 ocean year was associated with a strong AL that coincided with higher physiological status of juvenile chum salmon and relatively higher returning adult commercial harvests and ocean survival of hatchery fish compared to the 2011 ocean year. Our results suggest differences in juvenile chum salmon physiological status in 2010 and 2011 coincided with positive and negative anomalies of the coupled ocean-atmosphere system, which were linked to previous winter environmental conditions, and have the potential to be used as a predictive salmon management tool to forecast year class strength in SEAK.
Author : Richard G. Bakkala
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 100 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book Synopsis of Biological Data on the Chum Salmon, Oncorhynchus Keta (Walbaum) 1792 written by Richard G. Bakkala and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : John H. Helle
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 236 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (912 download)
Download or read book Influence of Marine Environment on Age and Size at Maturity, Growth, and Abundance of Chum Salmon, Ohcorhynchus Keta (Walbaum), from Olsen Creek, Prince William Sound, Alaska written by John H. Helle and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Effects of the marine environment on age and size at maturity, early marine growth, and abundance of chum salmon, Oncorhynchus keta, were studied at Olsen Creek during 1959-77. Chum salmon returned to Olsen Creek as predominately 3-, 4-, and 5-year fish; however, age composition varied from year to year. The mean age composition for the brood years 1956-72 for males was 15%, 66%, and 19% for 3-, 4-, and 5-year fish, respectively. Mean age composition for females of the same broods showed slightly higher percentages of older fish: 9%, 67%, and 23% for 3-, 4-, and 5-year fish, respectively. Some 6-year chum salmon returned to Olsen Creek between 1968 and 1975; but, only in 1973 did the number of 6-year fish (3%) represent more than 1% of the returns. Population sizes tended to be larger during these years, and mean age increased as the number of fish in a brood increased. Intraseasonally, age of new chum salmon spawners at Olsen Creek decreased as the season progressed. Mean size of older spawners was greater than the mean size of younger spawners; but, the ranges in size of the three age groups overlap each other so size is not a good criterion for estimating age of chum salmon. Measurement of circuli and distances on adult scales were used to estimate growth of chum salmon during their first two years of marine life. Both number of circuli and distances on scales of juvenile chum salmon after their first summer in Prince William Sound were shown to be related to length of the fish. Growth during the first season at sea was not related to age at maturity; however, amount of growth acquired during the second marine season was negatively related to age at maturity. Growth during the first summer at sea was related to sea surface temperatures and marine weather parameters in Prince William Sound and in the northern Gulf of Alaska. Location of chum salmon from Olsen Creek during their second year at sea is unknown. Fluctuations in size (length) at maturity were more similar between fish from different broods returning during the same year than they were for fish that matured at different ages from the same broods. Length at maturity was related to marine weather factors during their last summer at sea in the northern Gulf of Alaska and Prince William Sound. Length at maturity was also related to mean summer sea surface temperature in Prince William Sound during the year of return. Total survival of each brood was estimated from the ratio of number of progeny (returns) to number of parents (spawners). No direct relationships were found between survival and growth during the first or second season in the sea, sea surface temperatures, or upwelling indices along the coast. However, a highly significant relationship was found between the survival of progeny and mean length of the parents.
Author : Edward Vincent Farley (Jr.)
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (231 download)
Download or read book Juvenile Bristol Bay Sockeye Salmon Ecology written by Edward Vincent Farley (Jr.) and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Predicting annual returns of Bristol Bay sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) has been difficult due to large, unexplained variations in return strength. Ocean conditions, particularly during the first few months after salmon leave freshwater, are believed to have a strong influence on their early marine growth and survival. Limited historical and present research suggests that sea temperature can affect juvenile Bristol Bay distribution. During years with cool spring sea temperatures, juvenile sockeye salmon are distributed nearshore along the Alaska Peninsula, whereas they are found further offshore during years with warm spring sea temperatures. Juvenile sockeye salmon are larger, in better condition, and have higher marine stage survival after the first year at sea when they are distributed further offshore than when they are distributed nearshore along the Alaska Peninsula. Juvenile sockeye salmon stomach contents also shift from primarily Pacific sand lance (Ammodytes hexapterus) and euphausiids to age 0 walleye pollock (Theragra chalcogramma) when their distribution changes from nearshore to further offshore. Annual averages of juvenile sockeye salmon growth rate potential (GRP) were generally lower among years and regions with cool spring sea temperatures. In addition, juvenile sockeye salmon GRP was generally higher in offshore regions than nearshore regions of the eastern Bering Sea shelf. A sensitivity analysis indicated that juvenile sockeye salmon GRP was more sensitive to changes in observed (August to September) sea surface temperatures during years when prey densities were lower. The results of the dissertation suggest that variability in early marine survival is primarily due to bottom-up control of the trophic structure of the eastern Bering Sea ecosystem"--Leaf iii.
Author : Kathrine G. Howard
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 85 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (11 download)
Download or read book Juvenile Chinook Salmon Abundance Index and Survey Feasibility Assessment in the Northern Bering Sea, 2014-2016 written by Kathrine G. Howard and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 85 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Long-term monitoring of juvenile Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha is needed to identify recruitment and mortality processes, to understand early marine biology and ecology, and develop tools useful for fisheries management. A sampling program for Yukon River salmon was established in the northern Bering Sea in 2003 but annual sampling has been tenuous due to funding limitations. This project was designed to maintain the sampling program for Yukon River stocks, develop a genetic baseline to identify Yukon River stocks, and evaluate a lower cost survey alternative using a smaller vessel and trawl configuration. Results indicated that the genetic baseline can identify four groups of populations from Western Alaska, the two vessel/trawl configurations provided similar estimates of juvenile Chinook salmon abundance (within 20%); however, sea state limitations of the small vessel required an earlier survey timing (August rather than September). The change in survey timing contributed to differences in the spatial distribution and length of salmon caught during the 2 surveys. Surveys identified above average juvenile Chinook salmon abundance during 2014-2016 and above average juvenile abundance per spawner in 2014 and 2015. Both indicate an improvement to the recent poor production of Yukon River Chinook salmon, because juvenile abundance in the northern Bering Sea is known to be a leading indicator of adult returns for this stock. Sampling 2 different time periods provided additional insight into the early marine growth rates of juvenile Yukon River Chinook and other salmon species. Average Chinook salmon growth rate was 1.55 mm per day from marine entry to August, and 1.06 mm per day from August through September. This project represents a critical step to enable the long-term monitoring of juvenile Chinook salmon in Western Alaska and continued pursuit of factors that determine productivity and cohort strength of Yukon River Chinook salmon.
Author : Matthew J. Nemeth
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 83 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (645 download)
Download or read book An Ecological Comparison of Juvenile Chum Salmon from Two Watersheds in Norton Sound, Alaska written by Matthew J. Nemeth and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 83 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report describes the use of estuaries by juvenile chum salmon in 2 watersheds that empty into Norton Sound with differing amounts of estuarine habitat. One watershed is the Nome River which has a confined river mouth and has little estuarine habitat. The other watershed is the Eldorado River 10 miles to the east which flows through the Safety Sound estuary and has a greater amount of habitat.
Author : A. C. Phillips
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 28 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book Early Marine Growth of Juvenile Pacific Salmon in the Strait of Georgia and Saanich Inlet, British Columbia written by A. C. Phillips and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Donald Wilbur Hood
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 648 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)
Download or read book The Eastern Bering Sea Shelf written by Donald Wilbur Hood and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 648 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Nicholas J. Bax
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 392 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (987 download)
Download or read book The Early Marine Migration of Juvenile Chum Salmon (Oncorhynchus Keta) Through Hood Canal written by Nicholas J. Bax and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Lyman K. Thorsteinson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 194 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book Proceedings of a Synthesis Meeting, the North Aleutian Shelf Environment and Possible Consequences of Offshore Oil and Gas Development written by Lyman K. Thorsteinson and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Alaska Sea Grant College Program
Publisher : Alaska Sea Grant College Program
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 202 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book Proceedings of the 16th Northeast Pacific Pink and Chum Salmon Workshop, Juneau, Alaska, February 24-26, 1993 written by Alaska Sea Grant College Program and published by Alaska Sea Grant College Program. This book was released on 1994 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
