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Dynamic Mobility Application Policy Analysis
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Book Synopsis Dynamic Mobility Applications Policy Analysis by : Caitlin Bettisworth
Download or read book Dynamic Mobility Applications Policy Analysis written by Caitlin Bettisworth and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Abstract: This report documents policy considerations for Enabling Advanced Traveler Information Services, or EnableATIS. EnableATIS is the traveler information element of the Dynamic Mobility Applications program, and it provides a framework to develop multi-source, multimodal data into new advanced traveler information applications and strategies. The policy team has documented four policy issues for EnableATIS, none of them high-priority. In conclusion, the policy team finds that additional policy research, outreach, and other steps may be needed, including investigation of public-private partnerships to broaden the reach and improve the effectiveness of ATIS implementation. In summary, the four issues and recommended next steps include: ? Inequitable distribution of ATIS and other connected vehicle functionality may need to be evaluated for the level of potential impact on underserved populations. ? Driver distraction?an issue shared by many connected vehicle applications?is among the central concerns of connected vehicle policy research. Analysis is currently under way by USDOT and industry experts. ? Data integration may result from market forces or from standards development organizations becoming involved in the ATIS application market. The USDOT may choose to provide support if the private sector is motivated to work with public agencies. ? Similarly, tools for providing ATIS data to transportation management centers may evolve if private-sector stakeholders are motivated to work with USDOT towards greater system-wide efficiency and effectiveness. Based on the results of this analysis, the policy team does not foresee a need for any new policies to be enacted or any major issues that will stand in the way of successful private sector ATIS development. "--Technical report documentation page.
Book Synopsis Dynamic Mobility Application Policy Analysis by : Caitlin Bettisworth
Download or read book Dynamic Mobility Application Policy Analysis written by Caitlin Bettisworth and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Abstract: This report documents policy considerations for Response, Emergency Staging and Communications, Uniform Management, and Evacuation (R.E.S.C.U.M.E.). R.E.S.C.U.M.E. comprises a "bundle" of mobility applications that use existing and new connected vehicle data sets and other data to provide first-responders, emergency management centers, and read crews with enhanced information, allowing them to respond faster and more effectively to incidents and emergencies than they can today. The policy team has documented four potential policy issues for R.E.S.C.U.M.E.: 1. Multi-Agency Coordination for Information Broker Function: Because the Information Broker functions in R.E.S.C.U.M.E. will, in many cases, be distributed among multiple entities it will be important for participating agencies to determine roles and responsibilities when implementing R.E.S.C.U.M.E. 1. Compliance with HIPAA Privacy Requirements: R.E.S.C.U.M.E. applications - in particular, EVAC - may handle personal health information (PHI), and must be certain to be consistent with the privacy requirements of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA). 3. Data and Message Standards for Emergency Communication: The RESP-STG application must be able to integrate data from multiple sources and immediately disseminate appropriate messages and warning to multiple agencies. The EVAC application will need to integrate medical records and other data from a variety of sources. Consequently, the need for data and messaging standards to facilitate inter-agency and inter-jurisdictional emergency information sharing is apparent. 4. INC-ZONE Implementation: The INC-ZONE application will require small but important changes to the procedures that response crews follow when they arrive at incident scenes, and also may have implications for incident/work zone signage design standards. Recommendations for addressing these policy issues include development of guidance materials for state and local agencies, and completion of planned cost-benefit studies and privacy impact assessments."--Technical report documentation page.
Book Synopsis Dynamic Mobility Applications Analysis by : Caitlin Bettisworth
Download or read book Dynamic Mobility Applications Analysis written by Caitlin Bettisworth and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Abstract: The Connected Vehicle Mobility Policy team (herein, policy team) developed this report to document policy considerations for the Multi-Modal Intelligent Traffic Signal System, or MMITSS. MMITSS comprises a "bundle" of dynamic mobility applications (DMA) that leverage existing and new connected vehicle data sets to optimize traffic signal timing for safety, emergency response, and improved mobility. The analysis is based on the policy team's review of a wide range of materials that include: - The MMITSS program's Concept of Operations (ConOps), Stakeholder Input Report, and System Design and Requirements documents. - The Connected Vehicle Reference Implementation Architecture (CVRIA) diagrams for MMITSS. - Discussions with the technical team overseeing development of the prototype applications within the MMITSS bundle and a review of the prototype documents. - Industry best practices and standards in information technology, security and privacy, and data exchange. As policy or institutional issues emerged during the review, they were categorized into one of four categories (not every DMA bundle had issues in all four categories) and were further paired with recommended actions for resolution, if options were available. Where they were not available, additional research is recommended. The four issue categories are: 1. High priority issues need immediate attention and resolution as they may challenge deployment, adoption, and use. 2. Medium priority issues have potentially serious consequences but clear, if challenging, paths to resolution; which should be accomplished prior to technology transfer. 3. Low priority issues have policy implications but also have solutions underway or represent current best practices that can be implemented before MMITSS applications are introduced to the marketplace. 4. Emerging issues have some probability of challenging deployment over time, as MMITSS implementations grow in complexity or geographic coverage. In summary: - One high-priority issue common to other DMA applications was identified and documented. The one issue is concerns of privacy of Personally Identifable Information (PII). Future MITSS deployments will need to ensure careful attention to PII concerns. - Four medium-priority issues were identified and documented. One issue is common to the other DMA applications. The four issues are: certification of Connected Vehicle (CV) technologies; data governance with regard to collecitng, archiving, and accessing CV data; safety of pedestrians and disabled users; and allocating signal priority among multiple agencies and private entities. All of these issues are challenging but have potential technical and policy options that can be applied to resolve them. Further research is recommended to analyze the options for their impacts and to determine the optimal recommendations. - Nine low priority issues were identified and have been documented in this report. They include: governance (legitimacy) of "handicapped" nomadic devices; ensuring functionality throughout the product lifecycle; digital certification for data exchange with nomadic devices; credentialing for technicians; interoperability of New MMITSS components with existing systems; availability to DSRC for real-time data exchange; regional integration and optimization of signal priorities; coordination and participation; concerns of existing signal priority patent owners. - Bicycle safety with MMITSS enabled signal systems may emerge as more important as MMITSS implementations expand to involve multiple agencies or jurisdictions which must work together effectively. Based on the results of this analysis, the policy team does not foresee a need for any new policies to be enacted or any major issues that will stand in the way of successful market adoption and use by industry. All policy and institutional issues identified can be resolved satisfactorily, some with recommended additional research into the following topics: - Existing guidance for collecting and storing Personal Identification Information (PII); identify whether existing policies adequately address MMITSS needs - Legal analysis of liability for pedestrian safety, in the event of an app failure - Case studies of bicycles and alternative technology - Literature review of current coordinated signal timing practices - Inventory Geographic Intersection Data management practices and identify any needed institutional changes - Best practices in inter-jurisdictional agreements for traffic management - Alignment with existing FHWA guidance on bicycles, coordinated signal timing."--Technical report documentation page.
Book Synopsis Analysis, Modeling, and Simulation (AMS) Testbed Framework for Dynamic Mobility Applications (DMA) and Active Transportation and Demand Management (ATDM) Programs by : Karl Wunderlich
Download or read book Analysis, Modeling, and Simulation (AMS) Testbed Framework for Dynamic Mobility Applications (DMA) and Active Transportation and Demand Management (ATDM) Programs written by Karl Wunderlich and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 71 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Both the Dynamic Mobility Applications (DMA) and Active Transportation and Demand Management (ATDM) Programs have similar overarching goals to improve surface transportation system efficiency and individual traveler mobility. However, eachprogram has a unique research approach seeking to meet these goals. The DMA Program focuses on exploiting new forms of data from wirelessly connected vehicles, travelers, and the infrastructure to enable transformative mobility applications. The ATDM Program focuses its research efforts on accelerating the pace of dynamic control within transportation systems management through operational practices that incorporate predictive and active responses to changing operational conditions. In order to explore potential transformations in transportation systems performance, both programs require an Analysis Modeling and Simulation (AMS) capability. AMS tools and methodologies offer a cost-effective approach to addressing complex questions on optimization of longer-range investments, shorter-term operational practices, and overall system performance. Both programs have invested significant resources in the development of advanced concepts and foundational research, but the potential impacts from deployment are uncertain and poorly quantified. The two programs must identify the technologies, applications, and operational approaches that work cost-effectively in concert with each other in order to justify large-scale demonstrations and pilot deployments.A capable, reliable AMS Testbed provides a valuable mechanism to address this shared need by providing a laboratory for the refinement and integration of research concepts in a virtual computer-based AMS environment prior to field deployment. An AMS Testbed as envisioned here refers to a set of computer models that can replicate the effects of public agencies and private sector in a region implementing concepts, bundles, and strategies associated with the DMA and ATDM Programs. The purpose of this document is to provide a high-level framework for AMS Testbeds that recognizes both technical risk and the primary evaluation needs of the DMA and ATDM Programs. Four technical approaches that are consistent with the AMS framework are also presented.
Download or read book Paratransit written by Corinne Mulley and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2016-10-07 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent technological advances have made feasible new and improved approaches for organizing and delivering local passenger transportation. This book draws on a selection of papers presented at the International Paratransit Conference in Monterey in October 2014 to capture these exciting developments.
Book Synopsis The Future of Mobility by : Liisa Ecola
Download or read book The Future of Mobility written by Liisa Ecola and published by Rand Corporation. This book was released on 2015-07 with total page 119 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Researchers developed two scenarios to envision the future of mobility in China in 2030. Economic growth, the presence of constraints on vehicle ownership and driving, and environmental conditions differentiate the scenarios. By making potential long-term mobility futures more vivid, the team sought to help decisionmakers at different levels of government and in the private sector better anticipate and prepare for change.
Book Synopsis Essays on Revenue Management in Urban Mobility by : Rajpal Bobby Singh Nyotta
Download or read book Essays on Revenue Management in Urban Mobility written by Rajpal Bobby Singh Nyotta and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The essays in this dissertation lie at the intersection of revenue management, urban mobility, and technology. Some of the most well-studied problems in operations management and operations research have been inspired by the transportation sector. For instance, the traveling salesman problem, the vehicle routing problem, freight logistics, airline fleet planning, port operations, and rail scheduling are set in the transportation industry. In this dissertation, we restrict our analysis to urban mobility, which focuses on transportation in metropolitan cities. Urban mobility has evolved dramatically over the past decade due to advances in technology, in particular, the mobile phone. Bike-sharing, ride-sharing, and vehicle sharing are possible today because of the growth and popularity of mobile phones. Because of this growth, users are able to access train and bus schedules in real-time, pay fares, and instantaneously reserve and check-out shared cars, bikes, electric scooters, and other types of shared vehicles. While this accessibility provides users with more flexibility, the systems are also increasingly difficult to operate and manage. One way to address this operational complexity involves using tools and methods from revenue management. More generally, using price and discounts as levers to shape customer behavior in a way that improves the system's service level, revenue, customer satisfaction, and other key performance metrics. This dissertation is made up of four essays across three chapters that address questions in operating systems in urban mobility, and we use techniques from revenue management to study how these systems can operate more effectively. In Chapter 1, we study free-ride policies as a mechanism to incentivize users of a "dockless" or "free-floating" electric vehicle sharing system (EVSS) to park vehicles at charging stations in order to maintain a charged fleet. A balanced system has a fleet that is adequately charged and evenly dispersed throughout the city. If left to unfold naturally, the system would fall out of balance, and revenue and customer experience might suffer. Most sharing systems use manual repositioning to achieve this balance, but we consider pricing incentives as an alternative method. We develop an infinite horizon dynamic program to analyze free-ride policies. We focus on an EVSS that offers free rides to customers if they return vehicles to charging stations. We build on this initial formulation to construct a mixed-integer program that outputs intuitive, battery-threshold rules for when to offer free rides. We also extend the model to accommodate more general discount-based policies. In a discrete-event simulation model using real data from an EVSS, we compare the performance of this simple policy against other sophisticated policies, including the commonly used fine-based policy, which fines users for street-parking vehicles with low battery. We first find that the simple threshold-based policy performs close to a more sophisticated, black-box policy in terms of revenue. We also discover that the free-ride policies generate customer utilities that are ten times higher than fine-based policies, but also generate less revenue. However, free-ride policies can be less costly to implement since they rely on manual repositioning up to 65-75% less than the benchmarking policies. Our simulation reveals this three-dimensional trade-off between customer satisfaction, revenue, and operational complexity. Our results are robust under many demand patterns and under a variety of network settings. In the remaining chapters, we are motivated by the claim that 30% of metropolitan traffic is a result of individuals searching or "cruising" for parking (Shoup, 2017). It is theorized that this cruising behavior causes superfluous traffic congestion that can be assuaged and mitigated with more effective pricing polices. In particular, pricing policies that ensure there is at least one open spot available on each block at all times under regular demand. With this in mind, Chapters 2 and 3 examine how to develop dynamic pricing policies that both maximize revenue and address traffic congestion, with Chapter 2 focusing on estimating key parameters that feed into the pricing models and Chapter 3 focusing on developing the price optimization models. In order to develop such pricing policies, one needs to know the price and spatial elasticity of parking, where price elasticity is a measure of the change in demand in response to a price change and the spatial elasticity is a measure of how much money a customer would require to park a mile or a block away from their destination. Using data from our industry partner, a venture-backed technology company that develops a software-as-a-service (SaaS) platform to manage parking, permitting, and micro-mobility for municipalities and organizations throughout the world, we are able to empirically estimate both of these values in Chapter 2. In this chapter, the context is parking-specific and the estimates are unique to the data from our partner city. However, we believe that our approach and the estimates can be used across urban mobility applications, and beyond, as these elasticities are often assumed to be known or given in many classic revenue management problems. In Chapter 2.1, the first essay of Chapter 2, we estimate the price elasticity after a 20% price increase in a mid-sized U.S. city and find the average price elasticity of parking demand is between -3.42 and -1.57, which is higher than existing estimates (Lehner and Peer, 2019). One reason our study could be producing higher estimates is because, as far as we know, our work is the first to use transactions data from a mobile phone application for parking payments, which is more accurate and detailed than the data used in the existing literature. With our model, we can also measure how long it takes for customers to learn about and respond to the price change. Despite the price change being publicly advertised, we find that customers do not respond to the price change until they experience it firsthand. In Chapter 2.2, the second essay of Chapter 2, we estimate the spatial elasticity. We perform our estimation using a panel dataset of parking transactions spanning 21 months in a large U.S. city. During this time frame, there was an unannounced pricing error where two neighboring blocks were discounted by 67% for 16 months. We find that customers require approximately $81 to walk an additional mile to their intended destination. This estimate increases 13% in the presence of rain and 36% during the morning rush hour. In Chapter 3, the final chapter of this dissertation, we study optimal, dynamic pricing policies for a system, or network, of reusable resources, where a parking spot on a city block can be interpreted as a resource that can be "reused" after it is vacated. We focus our analysis on a single reusable product (i.e., a single zone or block with a fixed number of parking spaces) and aim to set the price as a function of the number of occupied spaces. Our objective is to maximize the long-run average revenue under Markovian assumptions (i.e., Poisson arrival and exponential usage times). In queuing theory, such a model is known as an Erlang loss system. We reformulate this objective function using a metric that we term the "conditional entry-state distribution." There does not exist a method for computing this metric, so in Chapter 3, we develop an algorithm that converges to the metric's true value for any Erlang loss system. We also provide analysis on the performance and speed of the algorithm.
Book Synopsis Policy Analysis in National Security Affairs by : Richard L. Kugler
Download or read book Policy Analysis in National Security Affairs written by Richard L. Kugler and published by Government Printing Office. This book was released on 2006 with total page 664 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses how to conduct policy analysis in the field of national security, including foreign policy and defense strategy. It is a philosophical and conceptual book for helphing people think deeply, clearly, and insightfully about complex policy issues. This books reflects the viewpoint that the best policies normally come from efforts to synthesize competing camps by drawing upon the best of each of them and by combining them to forge a sensible whole. While this book is written to be reader-friendly, it aspires to in-depth scholarship.
Book Synopsis A Policy Analysis of Reserve Retirement Reform by : Beth J. Asch
Download or read book A Policy Analysis of Reserve Retirement Reform written by Beth J. Asch and published by Rand Corporation. This book was released on 2013 with total page 135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the burden of defense borne by reserve forces has increased, more attention has been paid to differences between the compensation systems for the reserve and active components. One particular emphasis is on the retirement systems, a key difference being that reserve members who complete 20 years must wait until age 60 to draw benefits whereas active members can draw benefits immediately upon discharge. This monograph compares the reserve and active retirement systems, discusses the importance of structuring compensation to enable flexibility in managing active and reserve manpower, describes how the debate over reserve retirement reform has differed from active component retirement reform debate, and considers obstacles to reform and how they might be overcome. It also provides a quantitative assessment of several past congressional proposals to change the reserve retirement system in terms of their effects on reserve participation and personnel costs, concluding that proposals to reduce the age at which eligible members may begin receiving retirement benefits are not cost-effective means of sustaining or increasing reserve component retention. It also concludes that a menu of member options can be a powerful tool to maintain morale and overcome obstacles to reform. Current members could be given the choice of staying in the current retirement system or joining the new one, and the choice might be offered over a period of time, say five years. New entrants and reentrants with few years of service might be placed under the new system.
Book Synopsis Mobility Patterns, Big Data and Transport Analytics by : Constantinos Antoniou
Download or read book Mobility Patterns, Big Data and Transport Analytics written by Constantinos Antoniou and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2018-11-27 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mobility Patterns, Big Data and Transport Analytics provides a guide to the new analytical framework and its relation to big data, focusing on capturing, predicting, visualizing and controlling mobility patterns - a key aspect of transportation modeling. The book features prominent international experts who provide overviews on new analytical frameworks, applications and concepts in mobility analysis and transportation systems. Users will find a detailed, mobility 'structural' analysis and a look at the extensive behavioral characteristics of transport, observability requirements and limitations for realistic transportation applications and transportation systems analysis that are related to complex processes and phenomena. This book bridges the gap between big data, data science, and transportation systems analysis with a study of big data's impact on mobility and an introduction to the tools necessary to apply new techniques. The book covers in detail, mobility 'structural' analysis (and its dynamics), the extensive behavioral characteristics of transport, observability requirements and limitations for realistic transportation applications, and transportation systems analysis related to complex processes and phenomena. The book bridges the gap between big data, data science, and Transportation Systems Analysis with a study of big data's impact on mobility, and an introduction to the tools necessary to apply new techniques.
Book Synopsis Energy Abstracts for Policy Analysis by :
Download or read book Energy Abstracts for Policy Analysis written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 732 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Handbook of Research Methods and Applications for Mobilities by : Monika Büscher
Download or read book Handbook of Research Methods and Applications for Mobilities written by Monika Büscher and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2020-08-28 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reflecting the variety and diversity of mobile methods and their applications, this comprehensive Handbook illuminates the multiple dimensions and transdisciplinary nature of mobilities research, from transport to tourism, cargo to information as well as physical, virtual and imaginative mobilities. It brings together key contributions on the state of the art of qualitative and quantitative research, multimethod combinations and co-creation methods within the mobilities paradigm.
Book Synopsis Design and Reform of Taxation Policy by : P. Galeotti
Download or read book Design and Reform of Taxation Policy written by P. Galeotti and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: G. Galeotti* and M. Marrelli** *Universita di Perugia **Universita di Napoli 1. The economic analysis of optimal taxation has permitted considerable steps to be taken towards the understanding of a number of problems: the appropriate degree of progression, the balance between different taxes, the equity-efficiency trade-off etc .. Though at times considered as abstract and of little use in policy design, the issues it addresses are real ones and very much on the agenda of many countries. As usual in scientific debate, criticisms have contributed to the correct understanding of the theoretical problems involved and made clear that, at the present state of the art, definitive conclusions may be premature. A first well-taken criticism addresses the assumption, underlying optimal taxation models, of a competitive economy with perfect information on the part of individual agents and full market clearing. Once we leave the Arrow-Debreu world, it is no longer necessarily the case that taxes and transfers introduce distortions on otherwise efficient allocations.
Book Synopsis Hybrid Predictive Control for Dynamic Transport Problems by : Alfredo Nunez
Download or read book Hybrid Predictive Control for Dynamic Transport Problems written by Alfredo Nunez and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-10-03 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hybrid Predictive Control for Dynamic Transport Problems develops methods for the design of predictive control strategies for nonlinear-dynamic hybrid discrete-/continuous-variable systems. The methodology is designed for real-time applications, particularly the study of dynamic transport systems. Operational and service policies are considered, as well as cost reduction. The control structure is based on a sound definition of the key variables and their evolution. A flexible objective function able to capture the predictive behaviour of the system variables is described. Coupled with efficient algorithms, mainly drawn from area of computational intelligence, this is shown to optimize performance indices for real-time applications. The framework of the proposed predictive control methodology is generic and, being able to solve nonlinear mixed integer optimization problems dynamically, is readily extendable to other industrial processes. The main topics of this book are: · hybrid predictive control (HPC) design based on evolutionary multiobjective optimization (EMO); · HPC based on EMO for dial-a-ride systems; and · HPC based on EMO for operational decisions in public transport systems. Hybrid Predictive Control for Dynamic Transport Problems is a comprehensive analysis of HPC and its application to dynamic transport systems. Introductory material on evolutionary algorithms is presented in summary in an appendix. The text will be of interest to control and transport engineers working on the operational optimization of transport systems and to academic researchers working with hybrid systems. The potential applications of the generic methods presented here to other process fields will make the book of interest to a wider group of researchers, scientists and graduate students working in other control-related disciplines.
Book Synopsis Telemedicine and E-Health Services, Policies, and Applications: Advancements and Developments by : Rodrigues, Joel J. P. C.
Download or read book Telemedicine and E-Health Services, Policies, and Applications: Advancements and Developments written by Rodrigues, Joel J. P. C. and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2012-04-30 with total page 573 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book offers a comprehensive and integrated approach to telemedicine by collecting E-health experiences and applications from around the world and by exploring new developments and trends in medical informatics"--
Author :United States. Department of Labor. Office of the Assistant Secretary for Policy, Evaluation, and Research Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :128 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (121 download)
Book Synopsis ASPER Research and Evaluation Projects 1970-79 by : United States. Department of Labor. Office of the Assistant Secretary for Policy, Evaluation, and Research
Download or read book ASPER Research and Evaluation Projects 1970-79 written by United States. Department of Labor. Office of the Assistant Secretary for Policy, Evaluation, and Research and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Annotated bibliography of evaluation and research reports emanating from the USA department of labor (asper) on the labour market, economic policy, employment and vocational training programmes for the period from 1970 to 1979.
Book Synopsis Applied General Equilibrium Modelling by : Henk Don
Download or read book Applied General Equilibrium Modelling written by Henk Don and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last decade or so, applied general equilibrium models have rapidly become a major tool for policy advice on issues regarding allocation and efficiency, most notably taxes and tariffs. This reflects the power of the general equilibrium approach to allocative questions and the capability of today's applied models to come up with realistic answers. However, it by no means implies that the theoretical, practical and empirical problems faced by researchers in applied modelling have all been solved in a satisfactory way. Rather, a promising field of research has been opened up, inviting theorists and practitioners to further explore and exploit its potential. The state of the art in applied general equilibrium modelling is reflected in this volume. The introductory Chapter (Part I) evaluates the use of economic modelling to address policy questions, and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of applied general equilibrium models. Three substantive issues are dealt with in Chapters 2-8: Tax Reform and Capital (Part II), Intertemporal Aspects and Expectations (Part III), and Taxes and the Labour Market (Part IV). While all parts contain results relevant for economic policy, it is clear that theory and applications for these areas are in different stages of development. We hope that this book will bring inspiration, insight and information to researchers, students and policy advisors.
