Dynamic Covalent Chemistry

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Dynamic Covalent Chemistry

Author : Wei Zhang
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119075726
Total Pages : 464 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (19 download)

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Book Synopsis Dynamic Covalent Chemistry by : Wei Zhang

Download or read book Dynamic Covalent Chemistry written by Wei Zhang and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-09-07 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first and only exhaustive review of the theory, thermodynamic fundamentals, mechanisms, and design principles of dynamic covalent systems Dynamic Covalent Chemistry: Principles, Reactions, and Applications presents a comprehensive review of the theory, thermodynamic fundamentals, mechanisms, and design principles of dynamic covalent systems. It features contributions from a team of international scientists, grouped into three main sections covering the principles of dynamic covalent chemistry, types of dynamic covalent chemical reactions, and the latest applications of dynamic covalent chemistry (DCvC) across an array of fields. The past decade has seen tremendous progress in (DCvC) research and industrial applications. The great synthetic power and reversible nature of this chemistry has enabled the development of a variety of functional molecular systems and materials for a broad range of applications in organic synthesis, materials development, nanotechnology, drug discovery, and biotechnology. Yet, until now, there have been no authoritative references devoted exclusively to this powerful synthetic tool, its current applications, and the most promising directions for future development. Dynamic Covalent Chemistry: Principles, Reactions, and Applications fills the yawning gap in the world literature with comprehensive coverage of: The energy landscape, the importance of reversibility, enthalpy vs. entropy, and reaction kinetics Single-type, multi-type, and non-covalent reactions, with a focus on the advantages and disadvantages of each reaction type Dynamic covalent assembly of discrete molecular architectures, responsive polymer synthesis, and drug discovery Important emerging applications of dynamic covalent chemistry in nanotechnology, including both material- and bio-oriented directions Real-world examples describing a wide range of industrial applications for organic synthesis, functional materials development, nanotechnology, drug delivery and more Dynamic Covalent Chemistry: Principles, Reactions, and Applications is must-reading for researchers and chemists working in dynamic covalent chemistry and supramolecular chemistry. It will also be of value to academic researchers and advanced students interested in applying the principles of (DCvC) in organic synthesis, functional materials development, nanotechnology, drug discovery, and chemical biology.

Dynamic Covalent Chemistry

Author : Wei Zhang
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119075637
Total Pages : 471 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (19 download)

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Book Synopsis Dynamic Covalent Chemistry by : Wei Zhang

Download or read book Dynamic Covalent Chemistry written by Wei Zhang and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-11-29 with total page 471 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first and only exhaustive review of the theory, thermodynamic fundamentals, mechanisms, and design principles of dynamic covalent systems Dynamic Covalent Chemistry: Principles, Reactions, and Applications presents a comprehensive review of the theory, thermodynamic fundamentals, mechanisms, and design principles of dynamic covalent systems. It features contributions from a team of international scientists, grouped into three main sections covering the principles of dynamic covalent chemistry, types of dynamic covalent chemical reactions, and the latest applications of dynamic covalent chemistry (DCvC) across an array of fields. The past decade has seen tremendous progress in (DCvC) research and industrial applications. The great synthetic power and reversible nature of this chemistry has enabled the development of a variety of functional molecular systems and materials for a broad range of applications in organic synthesis, materials development, nanotechnology, drug discovery, and biotechnology. Yet, until now, there have been no authoritative references devoted exclusively to this powerful synthetic tool, its current applications, and the most promising directions for future development. Dynamic Covalent Chemistry: Principles, Reactions, and Applications fills the yawning gap in the world literature with comprehensive coverage of: The energy landscape, the importance of reversibility, enthalpy vs. entropy, and reaction kinetics Single-type, multi-type, and non-covalent reactions, with a focus on the advantages and disadvantages of each reaction type Dynamic covalent assembly of discrete molecular architectures, responsive polymer synthesis, and drug discovery Important emerging applications of dynamic covalent chemistry in nanotechnology, including both material- and bio-oriented directions Real-world examples describing a wide range of industrial applications for organic synthesis, functional materials development, nanotechnology, drug delivery and more Dynamic Covalent Chemistry: Principles, Reactions, and Applications is must-reading for researchers and chemists working in dynamic covalent chemistry and supramolecular chemistry. It will also be of value to academic researchers and advanced students interested in applying the principles of (DCvC) in organic synthesis, functional materials development, nanotechnology, drug discovery, and chemical biology.

Dynamic Covalent Chemistry

Author : Wei Zhang
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119075718
Total Pages : 464 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (19 download)

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Book Synopsis Dynamic Covalent Chemistry by : Wei Zhang

Download or read book Dynamic Covalent Chemistry written by Wei Zhang and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-09-06 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first and only exhaustive review of the theory, thermodynamic fundamentals, mechanisms, and design principles of dynamic covalent systems Dynamic Covalent Chemistry: Principles, Reactions, and Applications presents a comprehensive review of the theory, thermodynamic fundamentals, mechanisms, and design principles of dynamic covalent systems. It features contributions from a team of international scientists, grouped into three main sections covering the principles of dynamic covalent chemistry, types of dynamic covalent chemical reactions, and the latest applications of dynamic covalent chemistry (DCvC) across an array of fields. The past decade has seen tremendous progress in (DCvC) research and industrial applications. The great synthetic power and reversible nature of this chemistry has enabled the development of a variety of functional molecular systems and materials for a broad range of applications in organic synthesis, materials development, nanotechnology, drug discovery, and biotechnology. Yet, until now, there have been no authoritative references devoted exclusively to this powerful synthetic tool, its current applications, and the most promising directions for future development. Dynamic Covalent Chemistry: Principles, Reactions, and Applications fills the yawning gap in the world literature with comprehensive coverage of: The energy landscape, the importance of reversibility, enthalpy vs. entropy, and reaction kinetics Single-type, multi-type, and non-covalent reactions, with a focus on the advantages and disadvantages of each reaction type Dynamic covalent assembly of discrete molecular architectures, responsive polymer synthesis, and drug discovery Important emerging applications of dynamic covalent chemistry in nanotechnology, including both material- and bio-oriented directions Real-world examples describing a wide range of industrial applications for organic synthesis, functional materials development, nanotechnology, drug delivery and more Dynamic Covalent Chemistry: Principles, Reactions, and Applications is must-reading for researchers and chemists working in dynamic covalent chemistry and supramolecular chemistry. It will also be of value to academic researchers and advanced students interested in applying the principles of (DCvC) in organic synthesis, functional materials development, nanotechnology, drug discovery, and chemical biology.

Constitutional Dynamic Chemistry

Author : Mihail Barboiu
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642283438
Total Pages : 325 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (422 download)

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Book Synopsis Constitutional Dynamic Chemistry by : Mihail Barboiu

Download or read book Constitutional Dynamic Chemistry written by Mihail Barboiu and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-03-24 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Constitutional Dynamic Chemistry: Bridge from Supramolecular Chemistry to Adaptive Chemistry, by Jean-Marie Lehn Multistate and Phase Change Selection in Constitutional Multivalent Systems, by Mihail Barboiu Dynamic Systemic Resolution, by Morakot Sakulsombat, Yan Zhang and Olof Ramström Dynamic Combinatorial Self-Replicating Systems, by Emilie Moulin and Nicolas Giuseppone DCC in the Development of Nucleic Acid Targeted and Nucleic Acid Inspired Structures, by Benjamin L. Miller Dynamic Nanoplatforms in Biosensor and Membrane Constitutional Systems, by Eugene Mahon, Teodor Aastrup und Mihail Barboiu Dynamic Assembly of Block-Copolymers, by D. Quémener, A. Deratani und S. Lecommandoux Dynamic Chemistry of Anion Recognition, by Radu Custelcean Supramolecular Naphthalenediimide Nanotubes, by Nandhini Ponnuswamy, Artur R. Stefankiewicz, Jeremy K. M. Sanders und G. Dan Pantoş Synthetic Molecular Machines and Polymer/Monomer Size Switches that Operate Through Dynamic and Non-Dynamic Covalent Changes, by Adrian-Mihail Stadler und Juan Ramírez Reversible Covalent Chemistries Compatible with the Principles of Constitutional Dynamic Chemistry: New Reactions to Create More Diversity, by Kamel Meguellati und Sylvain Ladame.

Introduction to Reticular Chemistry

Author : Omar M. Yaghi
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 3527821104
Total Pages : 684 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (278 download)

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Book Synopsis Introduction to Reticular Chemistry by : Omar M. Yaghi

Download or read book Introduction to Reticular Chemistry written by Omar M. Yaghi and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-03-22 with total page 684 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A concise introduction to the chemistry and design principles behind important metal-organic frameworks and related porous materials Reticular chemistry has been applied to synthesize new classes of porous materials that are successfully used for myraid applications in areas such as gas separation, catalysis, energy, and electronics. Introduction to Reticular Chemistry gives an unique overview of the principles of the chemistry behind metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), covalent organic frameworks (COFs), and zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs). Written by one of the pioneers in the field, this book covers all important aspects of reticular chemistry, including design and synthesis, properties and characterization, as well as current and future applications Designed to be an accessible resource, the book is written in an easy-to-understand style. It includes an extensive bibliography, and offers figures and videos of crystal structures that are available as an electronic supplement. Introduction to Reticular Chemistry: -Describes the underlying principles and design elements for the synthesis of important metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and related materials -Discusses both real-life and future applications in various fields, such as clean energy and water adsorption -Offers all graphic material on a companion website -Provides first-hand knowledge by Omar Yaghi, one of the pioneers in the field, and his team. Aimed at graduate students in chemistry, structural chemists, inorganic chemists, organic chemists, catalytic chemists, and others, Introduction to Reticular Chemistry is a groundbreaking book that explores the chemistry principles and applications of MOFs, COFs, and ZIFs.

Gel Chemistry

Author : Jianyong Zhang
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 981106881X
Total Pages : 213 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Gel Chemistry by : Jianyong Zhang

Download or read book Gel Chemistry written by Jianyong Zhang and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-01-10 with total page 213 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers various molecular, metal-organic, dynamic covalent, polymer and other gels, focusing on their driving interactions, structures and properties. It consists of six chapters demonstrating interesting examples of these gels, classified by the type of driving interaction, and also discusses the effect of these interactions on the gels’ structures and properties. The book offers an interesting and useful guide for a broad readership in various fields of chemical and materials science.

Single-Chain Polymer Nanoparticles

Author : José A. Pomposo
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 3527806393
Total Pages : 312 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (278 download)

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Book Synopsis Single-Chain Polymer Nanoparticles by : José A. Pomposo

Download or read book Single-Chain Polymer Nanoparticles written by José A. Pomposo and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-08-18 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This first book on this important and emerging topic presents an overview of the very latest results obtained in single-chain polymer nanoparticles obtained by folding synthetic single polymer chains, painting a complete picture from synthesis via characterization to everyday applications. The initial chapters describe the synthetics methods as well as the molecular simulation of these nanoparticles, while subsequent chapters discuss the analytical techniques that are applied to characterize them, including size and structural characterization as well as scattering techniques. The final chapters are then devoted to the practical applications in nanomedicine, sensing, catalysis and several other uses, concluding with a look at the future for such nanoparticles. Essential reading for polymer and materials scientists, materials engineers, biochemists as well as environmental chemists.

Mechanically Responsive Materials for Soft Robotics

Author : Hideko Koshima
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 3527346201
Total Pages : 442 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (273 download)

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Book Synopsis Mechanically Responsive Materials for Soft Robotics by : Hideko Koshima

Download or read book Mechanically Responsive Materials for Soft Robotics written by Hideko Koshima and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-02-18 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Offers a comprehensive review of the research and development of mechanically responsive materials and their applications in soft robots Mechanically Responsive Materials for Soft Robotics offers an authoritative guide to the current state of mechanically responsive materials for the development of soft robotics. With contributions from an international panel of experts, the book examines existing mechanically responsive materials such as crystals, polymers, gels, and composites that are stimulated by light and heat. The book also explores the application of mechanical materials to soft robotics. The authors describe the many excellent mechanical crystals developed in recent years that show the ability to bend, twist, rotate, jump, self-heal, and shape memory. Mechanical polymer materials are described for evolution into artificial muscles, photomobile materials, bioinspired soft actuators, inorganic-organic hybrid materials, multi-responsive composite materials, and strain sensor materials. The application of mechanical materials to soft robots is just the beginning. This book reviews the many challenging and versatile applications, such as soft microrobots made from photoresponsive elastomers, four-dimensional printing for assembling soft robots, self-growing of soft robots like plants, and biohybrid robots using muscle tissue. This important book: -Explores recent developments in the use of soft smart materials in robotic systems -Covers the full scope of mechanically responsive materials: polymers, crystals, gels, and nanocomposites -Deals with an interdisciplinary topic of advanced smart materials research -Contains extensive descriptions of current and future applications in soft robotics Written for materials scientists, polymer chemists, photochemists, physical chemists, solid state chemists, inorganic chemists, and robotics engineers, Mechanically Responsive Materials for Soft Robotics offers a comprehensive and timely review of the most recent research on mechanically responsive materials and the manufacture of soft robotics.

Out-of-Equilibrium (Supra)molecular Systems and Materials

Author : Nicolas Giuseppone
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 3527821988
Total Pages : 448 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (278 download)

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Book Synopsis Out-of-Equilibrium (Supra)molecular Systems and Materials by : Nicolas Giuseppone

Download or read book Out-of-Equilibrium (Supra)molecular Systems and Materials written by Nicolas Giuseppone and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-03-30 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A must-have resource that covers everything from out-of-equilibrium chemical systems and materials to dissipative self-assemblies Out-of-Equilibrium Supramolecular Systems and Materials presents a comprehensive overview of the synthetic approaches that use supramolecular bonds in various out-of-thermodynamic equilibrium situations. With contributions from noted experts on the topic, the text contains information on the design of dissipative self-assemblies that maintain their structures when fueled by an external source of energy. The contributors also examine molecules and nanoscale objects and materials that can produce mechanical work based on molecular machines. Additionally, the book explores non-equilibrium supramolecular polymers that can be trapped in kinetically stable states, as well as out-of-equilibrium chemical systems and oscillators that are important to understand the emergence of complex behaviors and, in particular, the origin of life. This important book: Offers comprehensive coverage of fields from design of dissipative self-assemblies to non-equilibrium supramolecular polymers Presents information on a highly emerging and interdisciplinary topic Includes contributions from internationally renowned scientists Written for chemists, physical chemists, biochemists, material scientists, Out-of-Equilibrium Supramolecular Systems and Materials is an indispensable resource written by top scientists in the field.

The Theory of Polymer Dynamics

Author : Masao Doi
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780198520337
Total Pages : 420 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (23 download)

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Book Synopsis The Theory of Polymer Dynamics by : Masao Doi

Download or read book The Theory of Polymer Dynamics written by Masao Doi and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1988 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive account of the modern theory for the dynamical properties of polymer solutions. The theory has undergone dramatic evolution over the last two decades due to the introduction of new methods and concepts that have extended the frontier of theory from dilute solutions in which polymers move independently to concentrated solutions where many polymers converge. Among the properties examined are viscoelasticity, diffusion, dynamic light scattering, and electric birefringence. Nonlinear viscoelasticity is discussed in detail on the basis of molecular dynamical models. The book bridges the gap between classical theory and new developments, creating a consistent picture of polymer solution dynamics over the entire concentration range.

Sulfur-Containing Polymers

Author : Xing-Hong Zhang
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 3527823794
Total Pages : 480 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (278 download)

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Book Synopsis Sulfur-Containing Polymers by : Xing-Hong Zhang

Download or read book Sulfur-Containing Polymers written by Xing-Hong Zhang and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-03-16 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A must-have resource to the booming field of sulfur-containing polymers Sulfur-Containing Polymers is a state-of-the-art text that offers a synthesis of the various sulfur-containing polymers from low-cost sulfur resources such as elemental sulfur, carbon disulfide (CS2), carbonyl sulfide (COS) and mercaptan. With contributions from noted experts on the topic, the book presents an in-depth understanding of the mechanisms related to the synthesis of sulfur-containing polymers. The book also includes a review of the various types of sulfur-containing polymers, such as: poly(thioester)s, poly(thioether)s and poly(thiocarbonate)s and poly(thiourethane)s with linear or hyperbranched (dendrimer) architectures. The expert authors provide the fundamentals on the structure-property relationship and applications of sulfur-containing polymers. Designed to be beneficial for both research and application-oriented chemists and engineers, the book contains the most recent research and developments of sulfur-containing polymers. This important book: Offers the first comprehensive handbook on the topic Contains state-of-the-art research on synthesis of sulfur containing polymers from low-cost sulfur-containing compounds Examines the synthesis, mechanism, structure properties, and applications of various types of sulful-containing polymers Includes contributions from well-known experts Written for polymer chemists, materials scientists, chemists in industry, biochemists, and chemical engineers, Sulfur-Containing Polymers offers a groundbreaking text to the field with inforamtion on the most recent research.

Dynamic Combinatorial Chemistry

Author : Joost N. H. Reek
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 9783527629718
Total Pages : 211 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (297 download)

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Book Synopsis Dynamic Combinatorial Chemistry by : Joost N. H. Reek

Download or read book Dynamic Combinatorial Chemistry written by Joost N. H. Reek and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-02-02 with total page 211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This long-awaited first book on this exciting new field in organic and supramolecular chemistry explains the fundamentals as well as possible applications of DCC. Authored by the "Who's Who" of DCC it spans the whole range of topics: catalysts, sensors, polymers, ligands, receptors, concluding with a look at future developments and perspectives. All set to become the standard text in the field, this one-stop reference contains everything organic, catalytic, polymer, physical and biochemists need to know.

Stereochemistry of Carbohydrates

Author : J. F. Stoddart
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 282 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Stereochemistry of Carbohydrates by : J. F. Stoddart

Download or read book Stereochemistry of Carbohydrates written by J. F. Stoddart and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1971 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Limits of Organic Life in Planetary Systems

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 030910484X
Total Pages : 116 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The Limits of Organic Life in Planetary Systems by : National Research Council

Download or read book The Limits of Organic Life in Planetary Systems written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2007-07-26 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The search for life in the solar system and beyond has to date been governed by a model based on what we know about life on Earth (terran life). Most of NASA's mission planning is focused on locations where liquid water is possible and emphasizes searches for structures that resemble cells in terran organisms. It is possible, however, that life exists that is based on chemical reactions that do not involve carbon compounds, that occurs in solvents other than water, or that involves oxidation-reduction reactions without oxygen gas. To assist NASA incorporate this possibility in its efforts to search for life, the NRC was asked to carry out a study to evaluate whether nonstandard biochemistry might support life in solar system and conceivable extrasolar environments, and to define areas to guide research in this area. This book presents an exploration of a limited set of hypothetical chemistries of life, a review of current knowledge concerning key questions or hypotheses about nonterran life, and suggestions for future research.

Click Polymerization

Author : Anjun Qin
Publisher : Royal Society of Chemistry
ISBN 13 : 1782627162
Total Pages : 248 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (826 download)

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Book Synopsis Click Polymerization by : Anjun Qin

Download or read book Click Polymerization written by Anjun Qin and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2018-08-28 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Click chemistry describes organic reactions which are highly efficient, regioselective and allow for mild reaction conditions. The archetypal click reaction of Cu(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) is used in many diverse areas and has been extensively developed for polymer synthesis, leading to the term of click polymerization. This technique enables the preparation of functional polymers with linear and topological structures that have the potential to be used in optoelectronics and biological fields. Edited by world renowned experts, Click Polymerization is the first book to comprehensively summarize this approach to polymer synthesis consolidating all the different reaction types in one resource. From the basic knowledge through to the latest developments in synthesis, chapters include transition-metal catalysed and metal-free azide-alkyne click polymerizations as well as thiol-ene, thiol-yne and thiol-epoxy click polymerizations. The book provides an authoritative guide to click polymerization techniques for graduate students and researchers interested in polymer chemistry and materials science.

Chemical Kinetics and Reaction Dynamics

Author : Santosh K. Upadhyay
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1402045476
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Chemical Kinetics and Reaction Dynamics by : Santosh K. Upadhyay

Download or read book Chemical Kinetics and Reaction Dynamics written by Santosh K. Upadhyay and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-04-29 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chemical Kinetics and Reaction Dynamics brings together the major facts and theories relating to the rates with which chemical reactions occur from both the macroscopic and microscopic point of view. This book helps the reader achieve a thorough understanding of the principles of chemical kinetics and includes: Detailed stereochemical discussions of reaction steps Classical theory based calculations of state-to-state rate constants A collection of matters on kinetics of various special reactions such as micellar catalysis, phase transfer catalysis, inhibition processes, oscillatory reactions, solid-state reactions, and polymerization reactions at a single source. The growth of the chemical industry greatly depends on the application of chemical kinetics, catalysts and catalytic processes. This volume is therefore an invaluable resource for all academics, industrial researchers and students interested in kinetics, molecular reaction dynamics, and the mechanisms of chemical reactions.

Catalysis and Zeolites

Author : Jens Weitkamp
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3662037645
Total Pages : 582 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (62 download)

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Book Synopsis Catalysis and Zeolites by : Jens Weitkamp

Download or read book Catalysis and Zeolites written by Jens Weitkamp and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 582 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Zeolites occur in nature and have been known for almost 250 years as alumino silicate minerals. Examples are clinoptilolite, mordenite, offretite, ferrierite, erionite and chabazite. Today, most of these and many other zeolites are of great interest in heterogeneous catalysis, yet their naturally occurring forms are of limited value as catalysts because nature has not optimized their properties for catalytic applications and the naturally occurring zeolites almost always contain undesired impurity phases. It was only with the advent of synthetic zeolites in the period from about 1948 to 1959 (thanks to the pioneering work of R. M. Barrer and R. M. Milton) that this class of porous materials began to playa role in catalysis. A landmark event was the introduction of synthetic faujasites (zeolite X at first, zeolite Y slightly later) as catalysts in fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) of heavy petroleum distillates in 1962, one of the most important chemical processes with a worldwide capacity of the order of 500 million t/a. Compared to the previously used amorphous silica-alumina catalysts, the zeolites were not only orders of magnitude more active, which enabled drastic process engineering improvements to be made, but they also brought about a significant increase in the yield of the target product, viz. motor gasoline. With the huge FCC capacity worldwide, the added value of this yield enhancement is of the order of 10 billion US $ per year.