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Drug Injecting And Hiv Infection
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Author :National Research Council and Institute of Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309176212 Total Pages :352 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (91 download)
Book Synopsis Preventing HIV Transmission by : National Research Council and Institute of Medicine
Download or read book Preventing HIV Transmission written by National Research Council and Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1995-09-14 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume addresses the interface of two major national problems: the epidemic of HIV-AIDS and the widespread use of illegal injection drugs. Should communities have the option of giving drug users sterile needles or bleach for cleaning needs in order to reduce the spread of HIV? Does needle distribution worsen the drug problem, as opponents of such programs argue? Do they reduce the spread of other serious diseases, such as hepatitis? Do they result in more used needles being carelessly discarded in the community? The panel takes a critical look at the available data on needle exchange and bleach distribution programs, reaches conclusions about their efficacy, and offers concrete recommendations for public policy to reduce the spread of HIV/AIDS. The book includes current knowledge about the epidemiologies of HIV/AIDS and injection drug use; characteristics of needle exchange and bleach distribution programs and views on those programs from diverse community groups; and a discussion of laws designed to control possession of needles, their impact on needle sharing among injection drug users, and their implications for needle exchange programs.
Book Synopsis Drug Injecting and HIV Infection by : Andrew Ball
Download or read book Drug Injecting and HIV Infection written by Andrew Ball and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2003-09-02 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a comparative international study of drug injecting behaviour and HIV infection based on the World Health Organization's study of 13 cities as disparate as Athens, Bangkok, Glasgow and Rio de Janeiro.
Book Synopsis Preventing HIV Infection Among Injecting Drug Users in High-Risk Countries by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book Preventing HIV Infection Among Injecting Drug Users in High-Risk Countries written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2006-12-20 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drug dependence is a complex, chronic, relapsing condition that is often accompanied by severe health, psychological, economic, legal, and social consequences. Injecting drug users are particularly vulnerable to HIV and other bloodborne infections (such as hepatitis C) as a result of sharing contaminated injecting equipment. All drug-dependent individuals, including injecting drug users (IDUs), may be at increased risk of HIV infection because of high-risk sexual behaviors. There are an estimated 13.2 million injecting drug users (IDUs) world-wide-78 percent of whom live in developing or transitional countries. The sharing of contaminated injecting equipment has become a major driving force of the global AIDS epidemic and is the primary mode of HIV transmission in many countries. In some cases, epidemics initially fueled by the sharing of contaminated injecting equipment are spreading through sexual transmission from IDUs to non-injecting populations, and through perinatal transmission to newborns. Reversing the rise of HIV infections among IDUs has thus become an urgent global public health challenge-one that remains largely unmet. In response to this challenge, the Institute of Medicine convened a public workshop in Geneva in December 2005 to gather information from experts on IDU-driven HIV epidemics in the most affected regions of the world with an emphasis on countries throughout Eastern Europe, the Commonwealth of Independent States, and significant parts of Asia. Experts from other regions also provided information on their experiences in preventing HIV infection among IDUs. This report provides a summary of the workshop discussions. Preventing HIV Infection among Injecting Drug Users in High Risk Countries describes the evidence on the intermediate outcomes of drug-related risk and sex-related risk prior to examining the impact on HIV transmission. This report focuses on programs that are designed to prevent the transmission of HIV among injecting drug users. These programs range from efforts to curtail non-medical drug use to those that encourage reduction in high-risk behavior among drug users. Although the report focuses on HIV prevention for IDUs in high-risk countries, the Committee considered evidence from countries around the world. The findings and recommendations of this report are also applicable to countries where injecting drug use is not the primary driver, but in which injection drug use is nevertheless associated with significant HIV transmission.
Book Synopsis Injecting Illicit Drugs by : Richard Pates
Download or read book Injecting Illicit Drugs written by Richard Pates and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-04-15 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Injecting drug use is of major concern to both Western and developing nations, causing extensive associated harm at both individual and public health levels. This book provides readers with authoritative and practical information on injecting drug use and the health consequences of this behaviour. Includes topical issues such as needle fixation, transitions to and from injecting, and illicit drug use in prison settings. Documents the relationship between injecting practice and infectious diseases, such as HIV and hepatitis C. Explores harm reduction approaches such as safer injecting and supervised injecting rooms. Reflects international perspectives from expert contributors.
Book Synopsis The Global HIV Epidemics Among People Who Inject Drugs by : Arin Dutta
Download or read book The Global HIV Epidemics Among People Who Inject Drugs written by Arin Dutta and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2012-12-13 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication addresses research questions related to an increase in the levels of access and utilization for four key interventions that have the potential to significantly reduce HIV infections among People Who Inject Drugs (PWID) and their sexual and injecting partners, and hence morbidity and mortality in low and middle-income countries (LMIC). These interventions are drawn from nine consensus interventions that comprise a 'comprehensive package' for PWID. The four interventions are: Needle and Syringe Programs (NSP), Medically Assisted Therapy (MAT), HIV Counseling and Testing (HCT), and Antiretroviral Therapy (ART). The book summarizes the results from several recent reviews of studies related to the effectiveness of the four key interventions in reducing risky behaviors in the context of transmitting or acquiring HIV infection. Overall, the four key interventions have strong effects on the risk of HIV infection among PWID via different pathways, and this determination is included in the documents proposing the comprehensive package of interventions. In order to attain the greatest effect from these interventions, structural issues must be addressed, especially the removal of punitive policies targeting PWID in many countries. The scientific evidence presented here, the public health rationale, and the human rights imperatives are all in accord: we can and must do better for PWID. The available tools are evidence-based, right affirming, and cost effective. What are required now are political will and a global consensus that this critical component of global HIV can no longer be ignored and under-resourced.
Book Synopsis Social Networks, Drug Injectors’ Lives, and HIV/AIDS by : Samuel R. Friedman
Download or read book Social Networks, Drug Injectors’ Lives, and HIV/AIDS written by Samuel R. Friedman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-12-27 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Social Networks, Drug Injectors' Lives, and HIV/AIDS recognizes HIV as a socially structured disease - its transmission usually requires intimate contact between individuals - and shows how social networks shape high-risk behaviors and the spread of HIV. The authors recount the groundbreaking use of social network methods, ethnographic direct-observation techniques, and in-depth interviews in their study of a drug-using community in Brooklyn, New York. They provide a detailed documentary of the lives of community members. They describe drug-use, the affects of poverty and homelessness, the acquisition of money and drugs, and social relationships within the group. Social Networks, Drug Injectors' Lives, and HIV/AIDS shows that social networks and contexts are of crucial importance in understanding and fighting the AIDS epidemic. These findings should revitalize prevention efforts and reshape social policy.
Book Synopsis AIDS, Drugs and Prevention by : Tim Rhodes
Download or read book AIDS, Drugs and Prevention written by Tim Rhodes and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 1996 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In developing HIV prevention, community-orientated approaches have emerged within statutory and voluntary sectors and from the communities themselves. This book considers the diverse approaches and problems for professional practice.
Book Synopsis AIDS and Intravenous Drug Use by : Don Des Jarlais
Download or read book AIDS and Intravenous Drug Use written by Don Des Jarlais and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis AIDS, Sexual Behavior, and Intravenous Drug Use by : National Research Council
Download or read book AIDS, Sexual Behavior, and Intravenous Drug Use written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1989-02-01 with total page 606 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The AIDS virus is spread by human behaviors enacted in a variety of social situations. In order to prevent further infection, we need to know more about these behaviors. This volume explores what is known about the number of people infected, risk-associated behaviors, facilitation of behavioral change, and barriers to more effective prevention efforts.
Book Synopsis Drug Injecting and HIV Infection by : Stimson
Download or read book Drug Injecting and HIV Infection written by Stimson and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drug Injecting and HIV Infection is a comparative international study of drug injecting behaviour and HIV infection based on the World Health Organization's study of 13 cities as disparate as Athens, Bangkok, Glasgow and Rio de Janeiro. Using a standardized methodology for the collection of data, as well as central data management and analysis, this study represents the largest international project of its kind. It presents a comprehensive overview of what is currently known about drug injecting, HIV infection, epidemic dynamics and possibilities for prevention. Stressing the importance of linking research to intervention and policy, the contributors emphasize the need to place HIV and policy issues on the international agenda. Written by experts in the field, this global study offers an in-depth and definitive analysis of the subject.
Author :National Research Council and Institute of Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309052963 Total Pages :353 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (9 download)
Book Synopsis Preventing HIV Transmission by : National Research Council and Institute of Medicine
Download or read book Preventing HIV Transmission written by National Research Council and Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1995-10-14 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume addresses the interface of two major national problems: the epidemic of HIV-AIDS and the widespread use of illegal injection drugs. Should communities have the option of giving drug users sterile needles or bleach for cleaning needs in order to reduce the spread of HIV? Does needle distribution worsen the drug problem, as opponents of such programs argue? Do they reduce the spread of other serious diseases, such as hepatitis? Do they result in more used needles being carelessly discarded in the community? The panel takes a critical look at the available data on needle exchange and bleach distribution programs, reaches conclusions about their efficacy, and offers concrete recommendations for public policy to reduce the spread of HIV/AIDS. The book includes current knowledge about the epidemiologies of HIV/AIDS and injection drug use; characteristics of needle exchange and bleach distribution programs and views on those programs from diverse community groups; and a discussion of laws designed to control possession of needles, their impact on needle sharing among injection drug users, and their implications for needle exchange programs.
Book Synopsis Handbook on Risk of AIDS by : Barry S. Brown
Download or read book Handbook on Risk of AIDS written by Barry S. Brown and published by Greenwood. This book was released on 1993-10-11 with total page 622 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intravenous drug users account for nearly one-third of the current AIDS cases in the United States--second only to gay males--and are responsible for 72 percent of female and 59 percent of pediatric cases of AIDS. Thus the National Institute of Drug Abuse launched a major effort in 1987 to locate hidden users and to see how they function and to evaluate strategies and community-based programs in 50 cities and 60 nearby communities around the country in order to lower risks to IV users and to reduce the dangers that they pose to others in the population. Brown and Beschner present the very latest findings and come to well-tested conclusions about how to change behaviors positively. This handbook is written for use in college, university, and professional libraries and for students, teachers, policymakers, and practitioners in public health service and in public policy at all governmental levels to study carefully. Brown and Beschner open with an introduction showing how injection drug users and their sexual partners are at risk for aids. Part I describes the spread of AIDS in the United States and Puerto Rico. Part II depicts patterns of injection drug and crack use and their effect on sex partners. Part III deals with gender issues. Part IV goes into demographic and background factors. Part V discusses key issues in the use of drug abuse treatment. Part VI analyzes outreach and behavior change strategies. And Part VI looks into how risk can be reduced as a result of outreach and specific intervention strategies. The final chapter comes to some conclusions about the effectiveness of various interventions by the National AIDS Demonstration Research Project. Background readings also add to the importance of this major reference.
Download or read book Injecting Reason written by and published by Human Rights Watch. This book was released on 2003 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis High Coverage Sites by : Dave Burrows
Download or read book High Coverage Sites written by Dave Burrows and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2006 with total page 81 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Report investigates programmes and sites in developing and transitional countries which were regarded by international authorities as "high coverage sites" i.e. where more than 50% of injecting drug users had been reached by one or more HIV prevention programmes. Each case study includes a description of the development of the programme and features of the services provided, an estimation of programme coverage, factors that led to high coverage, and a discussion of ways to maintain and expand coverage.
Book Synopsis AIDS and Community-Based Drug Intervention Programs by : Dennis Fisher
Download or read book AIDS and Community-Based Drug Intervention Programs written by Dennis Fisher and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-05-01 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Delve into the uncharted territory of the “hidden” drug addict--users who are not in treatment, not incarcerated, and not officially accessible for research purposes through traditional means. AIDS and Community-Based Drug Intervention Programs describes short-term interventions used to reduce the odds that these drug users will get infected by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). The book explains new methods that are being developed, such as targeted sampling, social network analysis, geomapping, and other amalgams of both quantitative and qualitative approaches, that need to be forged to overcome the challenges of the war against AIDS. The research described in this important book was conducted under the Cooperative Agreement for AIDS Community-Based Outreach/Intervention Research funding mechanism of the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA). Chapters include research on several ethnic groups, including Alaska natives, Puerto Ricans, and Navaho teens. AIDS and Community-Based Drug Treatment Programs, written by experts in the field, is a broad-based treatment of the subject by those who are actually doing the work in the trenches. Authors cover topics such as: the use of goal-oriented counseling and peer support to reduce HIV/AIDS risk quantitative and qualitative methods to assess behavioral change among injection drug users (IDUs) the importance of sampling from hidden populations in research a public health model for reducing AIDS-related risk behavior among IDUs and their sexual partners characteristics of female sexual partners of IDUs strategies used to implement random sampling strategies in the recruitment of out-of-treatment crack and IDUs ethnographic analysis of intravenous drug use analysis of contact tracing strategies employed to combat the AIDS epidemic the use of pile sorts to enhance other tools used by drug prevention programsAIDS and Community-Based Drug Intervention Programs is full of current research and useful information for professionals interested in learning about strategies for conducting HIV/AIDS research among hard-to-reach populations. Substance abuse researchers, treatment professionals, and people involved in AIDS prevention programs, state and county health departments, and criminal justice systems will find much relevant and important information to use in their daily work.
Book Synopsis Homelessness & Health in Canada by : Manal Guirguis-Younger
Download or read book Homelessness & Health in Canada written by Manal Guirguis-Younger and published by University of Ottawa Press. This book was released on 2014-04-24 with total page 331 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Brings together leading and emerging researchers to advance understanding of the complex relationships between homelessness and health. Covering a wide range of topics from youth homelessness to end-of-life care, contributors outline policy and practice recommendations to respond to this public health crisis."--Back cover.
Book Synopsis HIV/AIDS and the Drug Culture by : Elizabeth Hagan
Download or read book HIV/AIDS and the Drug Culture written by Elizabeth Hagan and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 1998 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: HIV/AIDS and the Drug Culture explores interventions for decreasing the rate of HIV infection among injection drug users.
