Dna In The Courtroom

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The Evaluation of Forensic DNA Evidence

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309121949
Total Pages : 271 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The Evaluation of Forensic DNA Evidence by : National Research Council

Download or read book The Evaluation of Forensic DNA Evidence written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1997-01-12 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1992 the National Research Council issued DNA Technology in Forensic Science, a book that documented the state of the art in this emerging field. Recently, this volume was brought to worldwide attention in the murder trial of celebrity O. J. Simpson. The Evaluation of Forensic DNA Evidence reports on developments in population genetics and statistics since the original volume was published. The committee comments on statements in the original book that proved controversial or that have been misapplied in the courts. This volume offers recommendations for handling DNA samples, performing calculations, and other aspects of using DNA as a forensic toolâ€"modifying some recommendations presented in the 1992 volume. The update addresses two major areas: Determination of DNA profiles. The committee considers how laboratory errors (particularly false matches) can arise, how errors might be reduced, and how to take into account the fact that the error rate can never be reduced to zero. Interpretation of a finding that the DNA profile of a suspect or victim matches the evidence DNA. The committee addresses controversies in population genetics, exploring the problems that arise from the mixture of groups and subgroups in the American population and how this substructure can be accounted for in calculating frequencies. This volume examines statistical issues in interpreting frequencies as probabilities, including adjustments when a suspect is found through a database search. The committee includes a detailed discussion of what its recommendations would mean in the courtroom, with numerous case citations. By resolving several remaining issues in the evaluation of this increasingly important area of forensic evidence, this technical update will be important to forensic scientists and population geneticistsâ€"and helpful to attorneys, judges, and others who need to understand DNA and the law. Anyone working in laboratories and in the courts or anyone studying this issue should own this book.

DNA Technology in Forensic Science

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309045878
Total Pages : 199 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis DNA Technology in Forensic Science by : National Research Council

Download or read book DNA Technology in Forensic Science written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1992-02-01 with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Matching DNA samples from crime scenes and suspects is rapidly becoming a key source of evidence for use in our justice system. DNA Technology in Forensic Science offers recommendations for resolving crucial questions that are emerging as DNA typing becomes more widespread. The volume addresses key issues: Quality and reliability in DNA typing, including the introduction of new technologies, problems of standardization, and approaches to certification. DNA typing in the courtroom, including issues of population genetics, levels of understanding among judges and juries, and admissibility. Societal issues, such as privacy of DNA data, storage of samples and data, and the rights of defendants to quality testing technology. Combining this original volume with the new update-The Evaluation of Forensic DNA Evidence-provides the complete, up-to-date picture of this highly important and visible topic. This volume offers important guidance to anyone working with this emerging law enforcement tool: policymakers, specialists in criminal law, forensic scientists, geneticists, researchers, faculty, and students.

DNA and the Criminal Justice System

Author : David Lazer
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 9780262621861
Total Pages : 436 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (218 download)

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Book Synopsis DNA and the Criminal Justice System by : David Lazer

Download or read book DNA and the Criminal Justice System written by David Lazer and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2004 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines the impact of DNA technology on issues of ethics, civil liberties, privacy, and security.

DNA in the Courtroom

Author : Howard Coleman
Publisher : DNA in the Courtroom
ISBN 13 : 9780964450707
Total Pages : 156 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (57 download)

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Book Synopsis DNA in the Courtroom by : Howard Coleman

Download or read book DNA in the Courtroom written by Howard Coleman and published by DNA in the Courtroom. This book was released on 1994 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A clear and comprehensive guide to the scientific and legal issues surrounding forensic DNA testing.

Inside the Cell

Author : Erin E. Murphy
Publisher : Bold Type Books
ISBN 13 : 1568584695
Total Pages : 400 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (685 download)

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Book Synopsis Inside the Cell by : Erin E. Murphy

Download or read book Inside the Cell written by Erin E. Murphy and published by Bold Type Books. This book was released on 2015-10-06 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: a version less likely to play out on dramatic television shows. In Inside the Cell, Erin Murphy shows how DNA typing can be subject to misuse, mistake, and error, and lead to a police state run amok. Murphy shows the perils of a society in which "stop-and-frisk" becomes "stop-and-spit," or in which police pose undercover to get a DNA sample from your discarded lunch. Already, police can collect DNA when making an arrest, sometimes before charging a person with a crime. The government is building a massive DNA database, stockpiling samples from as much as a third of the male population, and the laws regulating what they can and cannot do with them are weak. Murphy shows how this invites the riskiest kind of genetic surveillance imaginable. Just because DNA testing is good science does not mean that it is foolproof. Faulty forensic science is the number two factor leading to wrongful conviction, and yet we have done little to improve the use of science in criminal justice.

Dealing with DNA Evidence

Author : Andrei Semikhodskii
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135390401
Total Pages : 200 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (353 download)

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Book Synopsis Dealing with DNA Evidence by : Andrei Semikhodskii

Download or read book Dealing with DNA Evidence written by Andrei Semikhodskii and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2007-08-07 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Giving the reader an in-depth understanding of DNA evidence in criminal practice, this text explains in clear language how DNA evidence is obtained and how it can be successfully challenged in court to minimize its impact or even dismiss it completely. Since it first entered the criminal legal practice DNA has become an indispensable tool in fighting crime, as it allows both unambiguous identification of the criminal by traces of biological material left at the crime scene as well as acquitting innocent suspects. This book: outlines the various types of testing used to obtain DNA evidence highlights the weaknesses of DNA testing, presenting and discussing defence strategies for refuting DNA evidence shows how DNA should be treated as just another piece of evidence and how on its own it is often not enough to convict someone of a particular crime. This book is essential reading for students and practitioners of criminal law and practice and forensic science and law.

DNA in the Courtroom

Author : Lirieka Meintjes-van der Walt
Publisher : Juta
ISBN 13 : 9780702182273
Total Pages : 177 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (822 download)

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Book Synopsis DNA in the Courtroom by : Lirieka Meintjes-van der Walt

Download or read book DNA in the Courtroom written by Lirieka Meintjes-van der Walt and published by Juta. This book was released on 2010-01-01 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Introduction to Forensic DNA Evidence for Criminal Justice Professionals

Author : Jane Moira Taupin
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 143989910X
Total Pages : 192 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (398 download)

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Book Synopsis Introduction to Forensic DNA Evidence for Criminal Justice Professionals by : Jane Moira Taupin

Download or read book Introduction to Forensic DNA Evidence for Criminal Justice Professionals written by Jane Moira Taupin and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-07-27 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of DNA profiling in forensic cases has been considered the most innovative technique in forensic science since fingerprinting, yet for those with limited scientific knowledge, understanding DNA enough to utilize it properly can be a daunting task. Introduction to Forensic DNA Evidence for Criminal Justice Professionals is designed for nonsc

ABA Standards for Criminal Justice

Author : American Bar Association. Criminal Justice Standards Committee
Publisher : American Bar Association
ISBN 13 : 9781590318928
Total Pages : 160 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (189 download)

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Book Synopsis ABA Standards for Criminal Justice by : American Bar Association. Criminal Justice Standards Committee

Download or read book ABA Standards for Criminal Justice written by American Bar Association. Criminal Justice Standards Committee and published by American Bar Association. This book was released on 2007 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Although the Standards in this volume are considered part of the set of Third Edition ABA Criminal Justice Standards, the earlier editions did not include standards on DNA evidence. Therefore, the Standards included here are the first ABA Criminal Justice Standards on DNA Evidence."--Page iii.

Truth Machine

Author : Michael Lynch
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226498085
Total Pages : 415 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (264 download)

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Book Synopsis Truth Machine by : Michael Lynch

Download or read book Truth Machine written by Michael Lynch and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2010-02-15 with total page 415 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: DNA profiling—commonly known as DNA fingerprinting—is often heralded as unassailable criminal evidence, a veritable “truth machine” that can overturn convictions based on eyewitness testimony, confessions, and other forms of forensic evidence. But DNA evidence is far from infallible. Truth Machine traces the controversial history of DNA fingerprinting by looking at court cases in the United States and United Kingdom beginning in the mid-1980s, when the practice was invented, and continuing until the present. Ultimately, Truth Machine presents compelling evidence of the obstacles and opportunities at the intersection of science, technology, sociology, and law.

Forensic DNA Typing: Principles, Applications and Advancements

Author : Pankaj Shrivastava
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9811566550
Total Pages : 673 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (115 download)

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Book Synopsis Forensic DNA Typing: Principles, Applications and Advancements by : Pankaj Shrivastava

Download or read book Forensic DNA Typing: Principles, Applications and Advancements written by Pankaj Shrivastava and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-12-11 with total page 673 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book explores the fundamental principles, advances in forensic techniques, and its application on forensic DNA analysis. The book is divided into three modules; the first module provides the historical prospect of forensic DNA typing and introduces fundamentals of forensic DNA typing, methodology, and technical advancements, application of STRs, and DNA databases for forensic DNA profile analysis. Module 2 examines the problems and challenges encountered in extracting DNA and generating DNA profiles. It provides information on the methods and the best practices for DNA isolation from forensic biological samples and human remains like ancient DNA, DNA typing of skeletal remains and disaster victim identification, the importance of DNA typing in human trafficking, and various problems associated with capillary electrophoresis. Module 3 emphasizes various technologies that are based on SNPs, STRs namely Y-STR, X-STR, mitochondrial DNA profiling in forensic science. Module 4 explores the application of non-human forensic DNA typing of domestic animals, wildlife forensics, plant DNA fingerprinting, and microbial forensics. The last module discusses new areas and alternative methods in forensic DNA typing, including Next-Generation Sequencing, and its utility in forensic science, oral microbes, and forensic DNA phenotyping. Given its scope, the book is a useful resource in the field of DNA fingerprinting for scientists, forensic experts, and students at the postgraduate level.

Genetic Witness

Author : Jay Aronson
Publisher : Rutgers University Press
ISBN 13 : 0813543835
Total Pages : 287 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (135 download)

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Book Synopsis Genetic Witness by : Jay Aronson

Download or read book Genetic Witness written by Jay Aronson and published by Rutgers University Press. This book was released on 2007-10-11 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When DNA profiling was first introduced into the American legal system in 1987, it was heralded as a technology that would revolutionize law enforcement. As an investigative tool, it has lived up to much of this hype—it is regularly used to track down unknown criminals, put murderers and rapists behind bars, and exonerate the innocent. Yet, this promise took ten turbulent years to be fulfilled. In Genetic Witness, Jay D. Aronson uncovers the dramatic early history of DNA profiling that has been obscured by the technique’s recent success. He demonstrates that robust quality control and quality assurance measures were initially nonexistent, interpretation of test results was based more on assumption than empirical evidence, and the technique was susceptible to error at every stage. Most of these issues came to light only through defense challenges to what prosecutors claimed to be an infallible technology. Although this process was fraught with controversy, inefficiency, and personal antagonism, the quality of DNA evidence improved dramatically as a result. Aronson argues, however, that the dream of a perfect identification technology remains unrealized.

The Impact of Scientific Evidence on the Criminal Trial

Author : Oriola Sallavaci
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317910915
Total Pages : 220 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (179 download)

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Book Synopsis The Impact of Scientific Evidence on the Criminal Trial by : Oriola Sallavaci

Download or read book The Impact of Scientific Evidence on the Criminal Trial written by Oriola Sallavaci and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-02-05 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores challenges posed by the use of DNA evidence to the traditional features, procedures and principles of the criminal trial. It examines the limitations of existing theories of criminal trial processes in the face of increasing use of scientific evidence in the court room. The research elucidates the interconnections at trial of three epistemologies, namely legal reasoning, as represented by counsel and trial judge, common sense manifested by the jury and scientific reasoning expounded by the expert witness. Sallavaci argues that while scientific reasoning is part of this hybrid of trial languages and practices, its extended use is producing specifically novel tensions which impact on the traditional criminal trial landscape. Through the lens of DNA evidence, the book investigates how far the use of scientific evidence in the fact finding process poses challenges for the adversarial character of the proceedings and rules of evidence; how it affects the role of the judge, jury and expert witness, as well as the principle of orality and continuity of the trial. In comparing the challenges faced in English common law trials to those of the USA, this book has international scope, and will be of great use and interest to students and researchers of Criminal Law and Practice, Policing, and the role of Forensics in Law.

DNA

Author : Lawrence Kobilinsky
Publisher : Wiley-Interscience
ISBN 13 : 0471681903
Total Pages : 375 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (716 download)

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Book Synopsis DNA by : Lawrence Kobilinsky

Download or read book DNA written by Lawrence Kobilinsky and published by Wiley-Interscience. This book was released on 2004-11-11 with total page 375 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Includes a Foreword by Dr. James D. Watson, the co-discoverer of the DNA double helix, and Dr. Jan A. Witkowski. "From the Foreword by Drs. Watson and Witkowski: 'DNA: Forensic and Legal Applications is a comprehensive and invaluable guide to the field, covering topics ranging from collecting samples in the field to presenting the complex results to a jury. We are sure that it will play its part in promoting this most powerful tool in the forensic scientist's armamentarium.'" DNA: Forensic and Legal Applications covers the technology and laws related to DNA, as well as the use of DNA evidence in the legal system. This combination of science and law makes it the first comprehensive title of its kind and an appropriate reference for those with both elementary and advanced knowledge of the topic. It draws together in one source information that would previously have required extensive research and reliance on experts to obtain, offering both breadth and depth in a clear style without s acrificing scholarly goals. With material from both scientific and legal areas, DNA: Forensic and Legal Applications covers the latest advances in technology. It provides an ideal text for forensic scientists and students of forensic science, analytical chemists, lawyers, judges, police officers, and detectives.

A Litigator's Guide to DNA

Author : Ron C. Michaelis
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 9780080560403
Total Pages : 448 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (64 download)

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Book Synopsis A Litigator's Guide to DNA by : Ron C. Michaelis

Download or read book A Litigator's Guide to DNA written by Ron C. Michaelis and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-08-29 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Litigator's Guide to DNA educates both criminal law students and forensic science students about all aspects of the use of DNA evidence in criminal and civil trials. It includes discussions of the molecular biological basis for the tests, essential laboratory practices, probability theory and mathematical calculations, and issues relevant to the prosecution and the defense, and to the judge and jury hearing the case. The authors provide a full background on both the molecular biology and the mathematical theory behind forensic tests, describing the molecular biological process in simple mechanical terms that are familiar to everyone, and periodically emphasizing the practical, take-home messages the student truly needs to understand. Pedagogical elements such as Recapping the Main Point boxes and valuable ancillary material (Instructors' Manual, PowerPoint slides) make this an ideal text for professors. "Recapping the Main Point" boxes provide a simple and concise summary of the main points Includes a glossary of essential terms and their definitions Contains a full-color insert with illustrations that emphasize key concepts

Convicted by Juries, Exonerated by Science

Author : Edward F. Connors
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 0788131257
Total Pages : 119 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (881 download)

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Book Synopsis Convicted by Juries, Exonerated by Science by : Edward F. Connors

Download or read book Convicted by Juries, Exonerated by Science written by Edward F. Connors and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1996 with total page 119 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The development of DNA technology furthers the search for truth by helping police & prosecutors in the fight against violent crime. Most of the individuals whose stories are told in the report were convicted after jury trials & were sentenced to long prison terms. They successfully challenged their convictions, using DNA tests on existing evidence. They had served, on average, seven years in prison. By highlighting the importance & utility of DNA evidence, this report presents challenges to the scientific & justice communities. A task ahead is to maintain the highest standards for the collection & preservation of DNA evidence.

DNA on Trial

Author : Jonathan R. Beckwith
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 176 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (97 download)

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Book Synopsis DNA on Trial by : Jonathan R. Beckwith

Download or read book DNA on Trial written by Jonathan R. Beckwith and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A textbook on prokaryotic genetics and molecular biology, based on courses taught by the authors at Harvard and Princeton respectively. The volume is organized into 13 sessions, each devoted to a single theme, and each comprising full reprints of five-eight classic papers, a concise authors' commentary on the meaning and importance of these papers, and a series of boldly displayed questions provoking classroom discussion or further private study. Annotation copyright by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR