Dispositions And Powers

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Dispositions and Causal Powers

Author : Bruno Gnassounou
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317149491
Total Pages : 343 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (171 download)

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Book Synopsis Dispositions and Causal Powers by : Bruno Gnassounou

Download or read book Dispositions and Causal Powers written by Bruno Gnassounou and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-05-23 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dispositions are everywhere. We say that a wall is hard, that water quenches thirst and is transparent, that dogs can swim and oak trees can let their leaves fall, and that acid has the power to corrode metals. All these statements express attributions of dispositions, be they physical, physiological or psychological, yet there is much philosophical debate about how far, if at all, dispositional predicates can have complete meaning or figure in causal explanations. This collection of essays, by leading international researchers, examine the case for realism with respect to dispositions and causal powers in both metaphysics and science. Among the issues debated in this book is whether dispositions can be analyzed in terms of conditionals, whether all dispositions have a so-called categorical basis and, if they do, what is the relation between the disposition and its basis.

Dispositions and Powers

Author : Toby Friend
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1009122142
Total Pages : 151 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Dispositions and Powers by : Toby Friend

Download or read book Dispositions and Powers written by Toby Friend and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2023-04-30 with total page 151 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As we understand them, dispositions are relatively uncontroversial 'predicatory' properties had by objects disposed in certain ways. By contrast, powers are hypothetical 'ontic' properties posited in order to explain dispositional behaviour. Chapter 1 outlines this distinction in more detail. Chapter 2 offers a summary of the issues surrounding analysis of dispositions and various strategies in contemporary literature to address them, including one of our own. Chapter 3 describes some of the important questions facing the metaphysics of powers including why they're worth positing, and how they might metaphysically explain laws of nature and modality.

A Companion to the Philosophy of Science

Author : W. H. Newton-Smith
Publisher : Wiley-Blackwell
ISBN 13 : 9780631230205
Total Pages : 596 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (32 download)

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Book Synopsis A Companion to the Philosophy of Science by : W. H. Newton-Smith

Download or read book A Companion to the Philosophy of Science written by W. H. Newton-Smith and published by Wiley-Blackwell. This book was released on 2001-10-08 with total page 596 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Unmatched in the quality of its world-renowned contributors, this companion serves as both a course text and a reference book across the broad spectrum of issues of concern to the philosophy of science.

Dispositionalism

Author : Anne Sophie Meincke
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 303028722X
Total Pages : 248 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (32 download)

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Book Synopsis Dispositionalism by : Anne Sophie Meincke

Download or read book Dispositionalism written by Anne Sophie Meincke and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-04-08 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: According to dispositional realism, or dispositionalism, the entities inhabiting our world possess irreducibly dispositional properties – often called ‘powers’ – by means of which they are sources of change. Dispositionalism has become increasingly popular among metaphysicians in the last three decades as it offers a realist account of causation and provides novel avenues for understanding modality, laws of nature, agency, free will and other key concepts in metaphysics. At the same time, it is receiving growing interest among philosophers of science. This reflects the substantial role scientific findings play in arguments for dispositionalism which, as a metaphysics of science, aims to unveil the very foundations of science. The present collection of essays brings together both strands of interest. It elucidates the ontological profile of dispositionalism by exploring its ontological commitments, and it discusses these from the perspective of the philosophy of science. The essays are written by both proponents of dispositionalism and sceptics so as to initiate an open-minded, constructive dialogue.

Power and Influence

Author : Richard Corry
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0192577204
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (925 download)

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Book Synopsis Power and Influence by : Richard Corry

Download or read book Power and Influence written by Richard Corry and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2019-07-31 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The world is a complex place, and this complexity is an obstacle to our attempts to explain, predict, and control it. In Power and Influence, Richard Corry investigates the assumptions that are built into the reductive method of explanation—the method whereby we study the components of a complex system in relative isolation and use the information so gained to explain or predict the behaviour of the complex whole. He investigates the metaphysical presuppositions built into the reductive method, seeking to ascertain what the world must be like in order that the method could work. Corry argues that the method assumes the existence of causal powers that manifest causal influence—a relatively unrecognised ontological category, of which forces are a paradigm example. The success of the reductive method, therefore, is an argument for the existence of such causal influences. The book goes on to show that adding causal influence to our ontology gives us the resources to solve some traditional problems in the metaphysics of causal powers, laws of nature, causation, emergence, and possibly even normative ethics. What results, then, is not just an understanding of the reductive method, but an integrated metaphysical worldview that is grounded in an ontology of power and influence.

The Powers Metaphysic

Author : Neil E. Williams
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 0198833571
Total Pages : 267 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (988 download)

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Book Synopsis The Powers Metaphysic by : Neil E. Williams

Download or read book The Powers Metaphysic written by Neil E. Williams and published by . This book was released on 2019-09-12 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Systematic metaphysics is defined by its task of solving metaphysical problems through the repeated application of single, fundamental ontology. The dominant contemporary metaphysic is that of neo-Humeanism, built on a static ontology typified by its rejection of basic causal and modalfeatures. This book offers a radically distinct metaphysic, one that turns the status quo on its head. Starting with a foundational ontology of inherently causal properties known as "powers", Neil E. Williams develops a metaphysic that appeals to powers in explanations of causation, persistence,laws, and modality. Powers are properties that have their causal natures internal to them: they are responsible for the effects in the world. A unique account of powers is advanced, one that understands this internal nature in terms of blueprint of potential interaction types. After the presentationof the powers ontology, Williams offers solutions to broad metaphysical puzzles, some of which take on different forms in light of the new tools that are available. The defence of the ontology comes from the virtues of metaphysic it can be used to develop. Particular attention is paid to theproblems of causation and persistence, simultaneously solving them as is casts them in a new light. The resultant powers metaphysic is offered as a systematic alternative to neo-Humeanism.

Dispositions and Causal Powers

Author : Bruno Gnassounou
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317149505
Total Pages : 316 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (171 download)

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Book Synopsis Dispositions and Causal Powers by : Bruno Gnassounou

Download or read book Dispositions and Causal Powers written by Bruno Gnassounou and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-05-23 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dispositions are everywhere. We say that a wall is hard, that water quenches thirst and is transparent, that dogs can swim and oak trees can let their leaves fall, and that acid has the power to corrode metals. All these statements express attributions of dispositions, be they physical, physiological or psychological, yet there is much philosophical debate about how far, if at all, dispositional predicates can have complete meaning or figure in causal explanations. This collection of essays, by leading international researchers, examine the case for realism with respect to dispositions and causal powers in both metaphysics and science. Among the issues debated in this book is whether dispositions can be analyzed in terms of conditionals, whether all dispositions have a so-called categorical basis and, if they do, what is the relation between the disposition and its basis.

The Metaphysics of Powers

Author : Anna Marmodoro
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 0415876850
Total Pages : 196 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (158 download)

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Book Synopsis The Metaphysics of Powers by : Anna Marmodoro

Download or read book The Metaphysics of Powers written by Anna Marmodoro and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is a collection of papers that advance our understanding of the metaphysics of powers âe" properties such as fragility and electric charge. The metaphysics of powers is a fast developing research field with fundamental questions at the forefront of current research, such as Can there be a world of only powers?ãeeWhat is the manifestation of a power?ãeeAre powers and their manifestations related by necessity? What are the prospects for dispositional accounts of causation? The papers focus on questions concerning the metaphysics of powers that cut across any particular subject-specific ontological domain -- whether philosophy of science, philosophy of mind, ethics, epistemology âe" investigating the metaphysical structure of powers, the nature of the manifestation of powers, the necessity or contingency of a powerâe(tm)s relation to its manifestations, and powers and causation.ãeeA number of authors also engage in discussion with Humean and neo-Humean treatments of causation, thereby making contributions to a larger metaphysical debate beyond powers.ãeeAdditionally, the authors engage critically with the latest contributions to the debate on powers in the literature, thereby bringing together in a wholesome and analytical way the most recent and noteworthy theoretical developments in this research field.ãee

Powers and Capacities in Philosophy

Author : Ruth Groff
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 041588988X
Total Pages : 362 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (158 download)

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Book Synopsis Powers and Capacities in Philosophy by : Ruth Groff

Download or read book Powers and Capacities in Philosophy written by Ruth Groff and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published in 2012, Powers and Capacities in Philosophy is a valuable contribution to the field of Philosophy.

Dispositions and Causes

Author : Toby Handfield
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191565415
Total Pages : 355 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (915 download)

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Book Synopsis Dispositions and Causes by : Toby Handfield

Download or read book Dispositions and Causes written by Toby Handfield and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2009-02-05 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent decades, the analysis of causal relations has become a topic of central importance in analytic philosophy. More recently, dispositional properties have also become objects of intense study. Both of these phenomena appear to be intimately related to counterfactual conditionals and other modal phenomena such as objective chance, but little work has been done to directly relate them. Dispositions and Causes contains ten essays by scholars working in both metaphysics and in philosophy of science, examining the relation between dispositional and causal concepts. Particular issues discussed include the possibility of reducing dispositions to causes, and vice versa; the possibility of a nominalist theory of causal powers; the attempt to reduce all metaphysical necessity to dispositional properties; the relationship between dispositions, causes, and laws of nature; the role of causal capacities in explaining the success of scientific inquiry; the grounding of dispositions and causes in objective chances; and the type of causal power required for free agency. The introductory chapter contains a detailed overview of recent work in the area, providing a helpful entry to the literature for non-specialists.

What Tends to Be

Author : Rani Lill Anjum
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351009796
Total Pages : 194 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (51 download)

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Book Synopsis What Tends to Be by : Rani Lill Anjum

Download or read book What Tends to Be written by Rani Lill Anjum and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-05-11 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: People tend to enjoy listening to music or watching television, sleeping at night and celebrating birthdays. Plants tend to grow and thrive in sunlight and mild temperatures. We also know that tendencies are not perfectly regular and that there are patterns in the natural world, which are reliable to a degree, but not absolute. What should we make of a world where things tend to be one way but could be another? Is there a position between necessity and possibility? If there is, what are the implications for science, knowledge and ethics? This book explores these questions and is the first full-length treatment of the philosophy of tendencies. Anjum and Mumford argue that although the philosophical language of tendencies has been around since Aristotle, there has not been any serious commitment to the irreducible modality that they involve. They also argue that the acceptance of an irreducible and sui generis tendential modality ought to be the fundamental commitment of any genuine realism about dispositions or powers. It is the dispositional modality that makes dispositions authentically disposition-like. Armed with this theory the authors apply it to a variety of key philosophical topics such as chance, causation, epistemology and free will.

A Critical Introduction to Causal Powers and Dispositions

Author : Ruth Groff
Publisher : Bloomsbury Academic
ISBN 13 : 9781472526830
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (268 download)

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Book Synopsis A Critical Introduction to Causal Powers and Dispositions by : Ruth Groff

Download or read book A Critical Introduction to Causal Powers and Dispositions written by Ruth Groff and published by Bloomsbury Academic. This book was released on 2025-05-08 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Critical Introduction to Causation and Causal Powers responds to a groundswell of interest in the topic of causal powers in contemporary metaphysics, presenting a fresh systematic overview of the realist literature,debates and arguments. Introducing the topic via the lens of a contrast between passivism and anti-passivism, the contrast is established in the opening historical overview, plotting the course from Aristotle to early modern rationalism, through to Hume, Reid, Kant and Mill. As well as covering contemporary and 20th century neo-Humean accounts, this introduction includes a review of foundational work on causal powers and dispositional properties in the 1970s, taking care to include both a descriptive and an analytic component. Exploring contemporary anti-passivist thinking about causation, it covers leading theories of causation and provides powers-based approaches to matters such as laws, essences, necessitation, determinism, pandispositionalism, transitivity and induction. The ascription of causal powers to different kinds of potential causal bearer is also addressed: individual agents, sociological phenomena; abstractions and absences. Offering a balanced approach to this key metaphysical topic, A Critical Introduction to Causation and Causal Powers not only introduces debates amongst anti-passivists, but explains throughout how the same issues are handled by passivists. With study questions and references for further reading at the end of each chapter, this is an accessible, up-to-date overview designed for students and researchers working in metaphysics today.

Dispositional Pluralism

Author : Jennifer McKitrick
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0198717806
Total Pages : 270 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (987 download)

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Book Synopsis Dispositional Pluralism by : Jennifer McKitrick

Download or read book Dispositional Pluralism written by Jennifer McKitrick and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Jennifer McKitrick offers an opinionated guide to the philosophy of dispositions. In her view, when an object has a disposition, it is such that, if a certain type of circumstance were to occur, a certain kind of event would occur. Since it is very common for this to be the case for a variety of reasons, dispositions are very abundant and diverse. They include such varied properties as character traits like a hero's courage, characteristics of physical objects like a wine glass's fragility, and characteristics of microphysical entities like an electron's charge. Some dispositions are natural while others are non-natural. Some dispositions called "powers" are ungrounded while non-fundamental dispositions are grounded in other properties. Some dispositions manifest constantly, some of them manifest spontaneously, while others manifest only when they are triggered to do so. Some dispositions manifest by causing another dispositional property to be instantiated, while others have manifestations that involve non-dispositional properties and relations. Some dispositions are intrinsic to their bearers while others are extrinsic. Some of them are causally relevant to their manifestations while others are not. Some dispositions manifest in some particular way in particular circumstances, while other dispositions manifest in various ways in various circumstances. What makes all of these diverse properties dispositions is their connection to a certain kind of counterfactual fact. Nevertheless, disposition ascriptions are not semantically reducible to counterfactual claims.

Dispositions

Author : Stephen Mumford
Publisher : Clarendon Press
ISBN 13 : 9780199259823
Total Pages : 268 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (598 download)

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Book Synopsis Dispositions by : Stephen Mumford

Download or read book Dispositions written by Stephen Mumford and published by Clarendon Press. This book was released on 2003 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mumford puts forward a new theory of dispositions, showing how central their role in metaphysics and philosophy of science is. Much of our understanding of the physical and psychological world is expressed in terms of dispositional properties--from the spin of a sub-atomic particle to the solubility of sugar. Mumford discusses what it means to say that something has a property of this kind and how dispositions can possibly be real things in the world.

Powers

Author : Julia Jorati
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190925515
Total Pages : 337 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (99 download)

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Book Synopsis Powers by : Julia Jorati

Download or read book Powers written by Julia Jorati and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2021 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This volume examines some of the main twists and turns in the fascinating history of the philosophical concept of powers or dispositions. It focuses on what one might call the metaphysical sense of 'powers'-that is, the powers that are invoked in the explanation of natural changes and activities. The volume's chapters discuss, among others, the philosophical views of Anaxagoras, Plato, Aristotle, the Stoics, Plotinus, Ibn Gabirol, Avicenna, Abelard, Anselm, Henry of Ghent, John Duns Scotus, René Descartes, Nicolas Malebranche, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, Margaret Cavendish, Ralph Cudworth, Henry More, John Locke, David Hume, Thomas Reid, Mary Shepherd, Immanuel Kant, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, David Lewis, David Armstrong, and George Molnar. In addition, the volume contains four short reflection essays that examine the concept of powers from the perspective of disciplines other than philosophy, namely, history of music, West African religions, history of chemistry, and history of art"--

The Learning Power Approach

Author : Guy Claxton
Publisher : Crown House Publishing Ltd
ISBN 13 : 1785833103
Total Pages : 281 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (858 download)

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Book Synopsis The Learning Power Approach by : Guy Claxton

Download or read book The Learning Power Approach written by Guy Claxton and published by Crown House Publishing Ltd. This book was released on 2018-01-26 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In The Learning Power Approach: Teaching learners to teach themselves Guy Claxton sets out the design principles of a pedagogical formula that aims to strengthen students' learning muscles and develop their independence, initiative, determination, and love of learning. Foreword by Carol S. Dweck. Learning is learnable! Educators can explicitly teach not just content, knowledge, and skills, but also the positive habits of mind that will better prepare students to flourish both in school and in later life. And as 'traditionalists' fight for rigour and knowledge, and 'progressives' defend the increasing focus on character and well-being, Guy Claxton's Learning Power Approach (LPA) brings resolution to this phoney and unnecessary war by offering teachers a win-win pedagogical formula that delivers good academic results while simultaneously turbocharging students' independence, initiative, and love of learning. In this groundbreaking book Guy distils fifteen years' experience with his influential Building Learning Power method to provide a set of design principles for strengthening students' learning muscles, and together with a wealth of practical strategies and the supporting evidence that underpins them details the small tweaks to daily practice that will help teachers attend more closely to the ways in which they can shape their students' learning dispositions and attitudes. Complemented by engaging and informative classroom examples of the LPA in action and drawing from research into the fields of mindset, metacognition, grit, and collaborative learning The Learning Power Approach describes in detail the suite of beliefs, values, attitudes, and habits of mind that go in to making up learning power, and offers a thorough explanation of what its intentions and guiding principles are. Furthermore, in order to help those who are just setting out on their LPA journey, Guy presents teachers with an attractive menu of customisable strategies and activities to choose from as they begin to embed the LPA principles into their own classroom culture, and also includes at the end of each chapter a Wondering section that serves to prompt reflection, conversation, and action among teachers. Suitable for teachers and leaders in all educational settings, The Learning Power Approach carefully lays the groundwork for a series of books to follow that are specifically tailored to primary teaching, secondary teaching, and school leadership.

Getting Causes from Powers

Author : Stephen Mumford
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 019969561X
Total Pages : 271 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (996 download)

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Book Synopsis Getting Causes from Powers by : Stephen Mumford

Download or read book Getting Causes from Powers written by Stephen Mumford and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2011-09-29 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Causation is everywhere in the world: it features in every science and technology. But how much do we understand it? Here, the authors develop a new theory of causation based on an ontology of real powers or dispositions. They provide the first detailed outline of a thoroughly dispositional approach, and explore its surprising features.