Displacement Based Seismic Design Criteria

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Displacement-based Seismic Design of Structures

Author : M. J. N. Priestley
Publisher : Iuss Press
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 750 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Displacement-based Seismic Design of Structures by : M. J. N. Priestley

Download or read book Displacement-based Seismic Design of Structures written by M. J. N. Priestley and published by Iuss Press. This book was released on 2007 with total page 750 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Displacement-Based Seismic Design of Structures is a book primarily directed towards practicing structural designers who are interested in applying performance-based concepts to seismic design. Since much of the material presented in the book has not been published elsewhere, it will also be of considerable interest to researchers, and to graduate and upper-level undergraduate students of earthquake engineering who wish to develop a deeper understanding of how design can be used to control seismic response. The design philosophy is based on determination of the optimum structural strength to achieve a given performance limit state, related to a defined level of damage, under a specified level of seismic intensity. Emphasis is also placed on how this strength is distributed through the structure. This takes two forms: methods of structural analysis and capacity design. It is shown that equilibrium considerations frequently lead to a more advantageous distribution of strength than that resulting from stiffness considerations. Capacity design considerations have been re-examined, and new and more realistic design approaches are presented to insure against undesirable modes of inelastic deformation. The book considers a wide range of structural types, including separate chapters on frame buildings, wall buildings, dual wall/frame buildings, masonry buildings, timber structures, bridges, structures with isolation or added damping devices, and wharves. These are preceded by introductory chapters discussing conceptual problems with current force-based design, seismic input for displacement-based design, fundamentals of direct displacement-based design, and analytical tools appropriate for displacement-based design. The final two chapters adapt the principles of displacement-based seismic design to assessment of existing structures, and present the previously developed design information in the form of a draft building code. The text is illustrated by copious worked design examples (39 in all), and analysis aids are provided in the form of a CD containing three computer programs covering moment-curvature analysis (Cumbia), linear-element-based inelastic time-history analysis (Ruaumoko), and a general fibre-element dynamic analysis program (SeismoStruct). The design procedure developed in this book is based on a secant-stiffness (rather than initial stiffness) representation of structural response, using a level of damping equivalent to the combined effects of elastic and hysteretic damping. The approach has been fully verified by extensive inelastic time history analyses, which are extensively reported in the text. The design method is extremely simple to apply, and very successful in providing dependable and predictable seismic response. Authors Bios M.J.N.Priestley Nigel Priestley is Professor Emeritus of the University of California San Diego, and co-Director of the Centre of Research and Graduate Studies in Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Seismology (ROSE School), Istituto Universitario di Studi Superiori (IUSS), Pavia, Italy. He has published more than 450 papers, mainly on earthquake engineering, and received numerous awards for his research. He holds honorary doctorates from ETH, Zurich, and Cujo, Argentina. He is co-author of two previous seismic design books “Seismic Design of Concrete and Masonry Buildings” and “Seismic Design and Retrofit of Bridges”, that are considered standard texts on the subjects. G.M.Calvi Michele Calvi is Professor of the University of Pavia and Director of the Centre of Research and Graduate Studies in Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Seismology (ROSE School), Istituto Universitario di Studi Superiori (IUSS) of Pavia. He has published more than 200 papers and is co-author of the book “Seismic Design and Retrofit of Bridges”, that is considered a standard text on the subject, has been involved in important construction projects worldwide, such as the Rion Bridge in Greece and the upgrading of the Bolu Viaduct in Turkey, and is coordinating several international research projects. M.J.Kowalsky Mervyn Kowalsky is Associate Professor of Structural Engineering in the Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering at North Carolina State University and a member of the faculty of the ROSE School. His research, which has largely focused on the seismic behaviour of structures, has been supported by the National Science Foundation, the North Carolina and Alaska Departments of Transportation, and several industrial organizations. He is a registered Professional Engineer in North Carolina and an active member of several national and international committees on Performance-Based Seismic Design.

Dynamic Behaviour of Reinforced Concrete Frames Designed with Direct Displacement- Based Design

Author : J. Didier Pettinga
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9788873580249
Total Pages : 154 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (82 download)

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Book Synopsis Dynamic Behaviour of Reinforced Concrete Frames Designed with Direct Displacement- Based Design by : J. Didier Pettinga

Download or read book Dynamic Behaviour of Reinforced Concrete Frames Designed with Direct Displacement- Based Design written by J. Didier Pettinga and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Displacement-based Seismic Design of Reinforced Concrete Buildings

Author : fib Fédération internationale du béton
Publisher : fib Fédération internationale du béton
ISBN 13 : 9782883940659
Total Pages : 206 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (46 download)

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Book Synopsis Displacement-based Seismic Design of Reinforced Concrete Buildings by : fib Fédération internationale du béton

Download or read book Displacement-based Seismic Design of Reinforced Concrete Buildings written by fib Fédération internationale du béton and published by fib Fédération internationale du béton. This book was released on 2003 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A brief summary of the history of seismic design as given in chapter 1, indicates that initially design was purely based on strength or force considerations. When the importance of displacement, however, became better appreciated, it was attempted to modify the existing force-based approach in order to include considerations of displacement, rather than to totally reconsider the procedure on a more rational basis. In the last decade, then, several researchers started pointing out this inconsistency, proposing displacement-based approaches for earthquake engineering evaluation and design, with the aim of providing improved reliability in the engineering process by more directly relating computed response and expected structural performance. The main objective of this report is to summarize, critically review and compare the displacement - based approaches proposed in the literature, thus favouring code implementation and practical use of rational and reliable methods. Chapter 2 Seismic performance and design objectives of this report introduces concepts of performance levels, seismic hazard representation, and the coupling of performance and hazard to define performance objectives. In fact, for displacement analysis to be relevant in the context of performance-based design, the structural engineer must select appropriate performance levels and seismic loadings. A critical review of some engineering limit states appropriate to the different performance levels is therefore proposed. In chapter 3 Conceptual basis for displacement-based earthquake resistant design, the fundamental principles associated with displacement of the ground during an earthquake and the effects, in terms of displacement, in the structure, are reviewed. The historical development guides the presentation with a review of general linear and nonlinear structural dynamics principles, general approaches to estimate displacement, for both ground and structure, and finally a general presentation of the means to measure and judge the appropriateness of the displacements of the structure in section. Chapter 4 Approaches and procedures for displacement-based design can be somehow considered the fundamental part of the report, since a critical summary of the displacement - based approaches proposed by different researchers is presented there. Displacement - based design may require specific characterization of the input ground motion, a topic addressed in Chapter 5 Seismic input. In general, various pertinent definitions of input motion for non-code format analysis are included, while peak ground parameters necessary for code base shear equations are only addressed as needed for the definition of motion for analysis. Chapter 6 Displacement capacity of members and systems addresses the fundamental problem of evaluating the inelastic displacement capacity of reinforced concrete members and realistic values of their effective cracked stiffness at yielding, including effects of shear and inclined cracking, anchorage slip, bar buckling and of load cycling. In Chapter 7 Application and evaluation of displacement-based approaches, some of the many different displacement based design procedures briefly introduced in Chapter 4 are applied to various case studies, identifying and discussing the difficulties a designer may encounter when trying to use displacement based design. Results for five different case studies designed in accordance with eight different displacement based design methods are presented. Although in general case studies are considered a useful but marginal part of a state of the art document, in this case it has to be noted that chapter 7 is possibly the most innovative and fundamental part of the whole report. The conclusions of chapter 7 are the fundamental and essential conclusions of the document and allow foreseeing a bright future for displacement - based design approaches. The state-of-art report has been elaborated over a period of 4 years by Task Group 7.2 Displacement-based design and assessment of fib Commission 7Seismic design, a truly international team of experts, representing the expertise and experience of all the important seismic regions of the world. In October 2002 the final draft of the Bulletin was presented to the public during the 1st fibCongress in Osaka. It was also there that it was approved by fib Commission 7Seismic Design.

Guidelines for the Performance. Based Seismic Design of Steel MRF Structures

Author : R. Roldan
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9788861980990
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis Guidelines for the Performance. Based Seismic Design of Steel MRF Structures by : R. Roldan

Download or read book Guidelines for the Performance. Based Seismic Design of Steel MRF Structures written by R. Roldan and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Seismic Design of Piers and Wharves

Author : American Society of Civil Engineers
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780784413487
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (134 download)

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Book Synopsis Seismic Design of Piers and Wharves by : American Society of Civil Engineers

Download or read book Seismic Design of Piers and Wharves written by American Society of Civil Engineers and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Standard ASCE/COPRI 61-14 uses displacement-based design methods to establish guidelines for the design of piers and wharves to withstand the effects of earthquakes.

Performance-Based Seismic Design of Concrete Structures and Infrastructures

Author : Plevris, Vagelis
Publisher : IGI Global
ISBN 13 : 1522520902
Total Pages : 338 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (225 download)

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Book Synopsis Performance-Based Seismic Design of Concrete Structures and Infrastructures by : Plevris, Vagelis

Download or read book Performance-Based Seismic Design of Concrete Structures and Infrastructures written by Plevris, Vagelis and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2017-02-14 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Solid design and craftsmanship are a necessity for structures and infrastructures that must stand up to natural disasters on a regular basis. Continuous research developments in the engineering field are imperative for sustaining buildings against the threat of earthquakes and other natural disasters. Performance-Based Seismic Design of Concrete Structures and Infrastructures is an informative reference source on all the latest trends and emerging data associated with structural design. Highlighting key topics such as seismic assessments, shear wall structures, and infrastructure resilience, this is an ideal resource for all academicians, students, professionals, and researchers that are seeking new knowledge on the best methods and techniques for designing solid structural designs.

Seismic Design Methodologies for the Next Generation of Codes

Author : P. Fajfar
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351417207
Total Pages : 436 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (514 download)

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Book Synopsis Seismic Design Methodologies for the Next Generation of Codes by : P. Fajfar

Download or read book Seismic Design Methodologies for the Next Generation of Codes written by P. Fajfar and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-09-10 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These proceedings, arising from an international workshop, present research results and ideas on issues of importance to seismic risk reduction and the development of future seismic codes.

Earthquake Spectra and Design

Author : Nathan Mortimore Newmark
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 112 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (51 download)

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Book Synopsis Earthquake Spectra and Design by : Nathan Mortimore Newmark

Download or read book Earthquake Spectra and Design written by Nathan Mortimore Newmark and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ABSTRACT: The concepts and procedures underlying modern earthquake engineering ae described. This paper provides a study of the introductory material on engineering analysis, and the seismic design procedures for buildings.

Design of Reinforced Concrete Buildings for Seismic Performance

Author : Mark Aschheim
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 148226692X
Total Pages : 599 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (822 download)

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Book Synopsis Design of Reinforced Concrete Buildings for Seismic Performance by : Mark Aschheim

Download or read book Design of Reinforced Concrete Buildings for Seismic Performance written by Mark Aschheim and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-04-05 with total page 599 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The costs of inadequate earthquake engineering are huge, especially for reinforced concrete buildings. This book presents the principles of earthquake-resistant structural engineering, and uses the latest tools and techniques to give practical design guidance to address single or multiple seismic performance levels. It presents an elegant, simple and theoretically coherent design framework. Required strength is determined on the basis of an estimated yield displacement and desired limits of system ductility and drift demands. A simple deterministic approach is presented along with its elaboration into a probabilistic treatment that allows for design to limit annual probabilities of failure. The design method allows the seismic force resisting system to be designed on the basis of elastic analysis results, while nonlinear analysis is used for performance verification. Detailing requirements of ACI 318 and Eurocode 8 are presented. Students will benefit from the coverage of seismology, structural dynamics, reinforced concrete, and capacity design approaches, which allows the book to be used as a foundation text in earthquake engineering.

Performance Based Seismic Design for Tall Buildings

Author : Ramin Golesorkhi
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780939493562
Total Pages : 116 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (935 download)

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Book Synopsis Performance Based Seismic Design for Tall Buildings by : Ramin Golesorkhi

Download or read book Performance Based Seismic Design for Tall Buildings written by Ramin Golesorkhi and published by . This book was released on 2017-10-30 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Performance-Based Seismic Design (PBSD) is a structural design methodology that has become more common in urban centers around the world, particularly for the design of high-rise buildings. The primary benefit of PBSD is that it substantiates exceptions to prescribed code requirements, such as height limits applied to specific structural systems, and allows project teams to demonstrate higher performance levels for structures during a seismic event.However, the methodology also involves significantly more effort in the analysis and design stages, with verification of building performance required at multiple seismic demand levels using Nonlinear Response History Analysis (NRHA). The design process also requires substantial knowledge of overall building performance and analytical modeling, in order to proportion and detail structural systems to meet specific performance objectives.This CTBUH Technical Guide provides structural engineers, developers, and contractors with a general understanding of the PBSD process by presenting case studies that demonstrate the issues commonly encountered when using the methodology, along with their corresponding solutions. The guide also provides references to the latest industry guidelines, as applied in the western United States, with the goal of disseminating these methods to an international audience for the advancement and expansion of PBSD principles worldwide.

Energy-Based Seismic Engineering

Author : Amadeo Benavent-Climent
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030739325
Total Pages : 312 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (37 download)

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Book Synopsis Energy-Based Seismic Engineering by : Amadeo Benavent-Climent

Download or read book Energy-Based Seismic Engineering written by Amadeo Benavent-Climent and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-04-30 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume gathers the latest advances, innovations, and applications in the field of seismic engineering, as presented by leading researchers and engineers at the 1st International Workshop on Energy-Based Seismic Engineering (IWEBSE), held in Madrid, Spain, on May 24-26, 2021. The contributions cover a diverse range of topics, including energy-based EDPs, damage potential of ground motion, structural modeling in energy-based damage assessment of structures, energy dissipation demand on structural components, innovative structures with energy dissipation systems or seismic isolation, as well as seismic design and analysis. Selected by means of a rigorous peer-review process, they will spur novel research directions and foster future multidisciplinary collaborations.

Seismic Design, Assessment and Retrofitting of Concrete Buildings

Author : Michael N. Fardis
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1402098421
Total Pages : 757 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Seismic Design, Assessment and Retrofitting of Concrete Buildings by : Michael N. Fardis

Download or read book Seismic Design, Assessment and Retrofitting of Concrete Buildings written by Michael N. Fardis and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-07-25 with total page 757 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reflecting the historic first European seismic code, this professional book focuses on seismic design, assessment and retrofitting of concrete buildings, with thorough reference to, and application of, EN-Eurocode 8. Following the publication of EN-Eurocode 8 in 2004-05, 30 countries are now introducing this European standard for seismic design, for application in parallel with existing national standards (till March 2010) and exclusively after that. Eurocode 8 is also expected to influence standards in countries outside Europe, or at the least, to be applied there for important facilities. Owing to the increasing awareness of the threat posed by existing buildings substandard and deficient buildings and the lack of national or international standards for assessment and retrofitting, its impact in that field is expected to be major. Written by the lead person in the development of the EN-Eurocode 8, the present handbook explains the principles and rationale of seismic design according to modern codes and provides thorough guidance for the conceptual seismic design of concrete buildings and their foundations. It examines the experimental behaviour of concrete members under cyclic loading and modelling for design and analysis purposes; it develops the essentials of linear or nonlinear seismic analysis for the purposes of design, assessment and retrofitting (especially using Eurocode 8); and gives detailed guidance for modelling concrete buildings at the member and at the system level. Moreover, readers gain access to overviews of provisions of Eurocode 8, plus an understanding for them on the basis of the simple models of the element behaviour presented in the book. Also examined are the modern trends in performance- and displacement-based seismic assessment of existing buildings, comparing the relevant provisions of Eurocode 8 with those of new US prestandards, and details of the most common and popular seismic retrofitting techniques for concrete buildings and guidance for retrofitting strategies at the system level. Comprehensive walk-through examples of detailed design elucidate the application of Eurocode 8 to common situations in practical design. Examples and case studies of seismic assessment and retrofitting of a few real buildings are also presented. From the reviews: "This is a massive book that has no equal in the published literature, as far as the reviewer knows. It is dense and comprehensive and leaves nothing to chance. It is certainly taxing on the reader and the potential user, but without it, use of Eurocode 8 will be that much more difficult. In short, this is a must-read book for researchers and practitioners in Europe, and of use to readers outside of Europe too. This book will remain an indispensable backup to Eurocode 8 and its existing Designers’ Guide to EN 1998-1 and EN 1998-5 (published in 2005), for many years to come. Congratulations to the author for a very well planned scope and contents, and for a flawless execution of the plan". AMR S. ELNASHAI "The book is an impressive source of information to understand the response of reinforced concrete buildings under seismic loads with the ultimate goal of presenting and explaining the state of the art of seismic design. Underlying the contents of the book is the in-depth knowledge of the author in this field and in particular his extremely important contribution to the development of the European Design Standard EN 1998 - Eurocode 8: Design of structures for earthquake resistance. However, although Eurocode 8 is at the core of the book, many comparisons are made to other design practices, namely from the US and from Japan, thus enriching the contents and interest of the book". EDUARDO C. CARVALHO

Perspectives on European Earthquake Engineering and Seismology

Author : Atilla Ansal
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319169645
Total Pages : 458 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (191 download)

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Book Synopsis Perspectives on European Earthquake Engineering and Seismology by : Atilla Ansal

Download or read book Perspectives on European Earthquake Engineering and Seismology written by Atilla Ansal and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-08-28 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book collects 4 keynote and 15 theme lectures presented at the 2nd European Conference on Earthquake Engineering and Seismology (2ECEES), held in Istanbul, Turkey, from August 24 to 29, 2014. The conference was organized by the Turkish Earthquake Foundation - Earthquake Engineering Committee and Prime Ministry, Disaster and Emergency Management Presidency under the auspices of the European Association for Earthquake Engineering (EAEE) and European Seismological Commission (ESC). The book’s nineteen state-of-the-art chapters were written by the most prominent researchers in Europe and address a comprehensive collection of topics on earthquake engineering, as well as interdisciplinary subjects such as engineering seismology and seismic risk assessment and management. Further topics include engineering seismology, geotechnical earthquake engineering, seismic performance of buildings, earthquake-resistant engineering structures, new techniques and technologies, and managing risk in seismic regions. The book also presents the First Professor Inge Lehmann Distinguished Award Lecture given by Prof. Shamita Das in honor of Prof. Dr. Inge Lehmann. The aim of this work is to present the state-of-the art and latest practices in the fields of earthquake engineering and seismology, with Europe’s most respected researchers addressing recent and ongoing developments while also proposing innovative avenues for future research and development. Given its cutting-edge conten t and broad spectrum of topics, the book offers a unique reference guide for researchers in these fields. Audience: This book is of interest to civil engineers in the fields of geotechnical and structural earthquake engineering; scientists and researchers in the fields of seismology, geology and geophysics. Not only scientists, engineers and students, but also those interested in earthquake hazard assessment and mitigation will find in this book the most recent advances.

Displacement-based seismic design for multi-storey cross laminated timber buildings

Author : Hummel, Johannes
Publisher : kassel university press GmbH
ISBN 13 : 3737602883
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (376 download)

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Book Synopsis Displacement-based seismic design for multi-storey cross laminated timber buildings by : Hummel, Johannes

Download or read book Displacement-based seismic design for multi-storey cross laminated timber buildings written by Hummel, Johannes and published by kassel university press GmbH. This book was released on 2017 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Key Terms: cross laminated timber, displacement-based seismic design, time history analysis, multi-storey timber structures, hysteretic behaviour

Seismic Design and Assessment of Bridges

Author : Andreas J. Kappos
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400739427
Total Pages : 232 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Seismic Design and Assessment of Bridges by : Andreas J. Kappos

Download or read book Seismic Design and Assessment of Bridges written by Andreas J. Kappos and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-04-18 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book focuses on the use of inelastic analysis methods for the seismic assessment and design of bridges, for which the work carried out so far, albeit interesting and useful, is nevertheless clearly less than that for buildings. Although some valuable literature on the subject is currently available, the most advanced inelastic analysis methods that emerged during the last decade are currently found only in the specialised research-oriented literature, such as technical journals and conference proceedings. Hence the key objective of this book is two-fold, first to present all important methods belonging to the aforementioned category in a uniform and sufficient for their understanding and implementation length, and to provide also a critical perspective on them by including selected case-studies wherein more than one methods are applied to a specific bridge and by offering some critical comments on the limitations of the individual methods and on their relative efficiency. The book should be a valuable tool for both researchers and practicing engineers dealing with seismic design and assessment of bridges, by both making the methods and the analytical tools available for their implementation, and by assisting them to select the method that best suits the individual bridge projects that each engineer and/or researcher faces.

Quantification of Building Seismic Performance Factors

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 424 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Quantification of Building Seismic Performance Factors by :

Download or read book Quantification of Building Seismic Performance Factors written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report describes a recommended methodology for reliably quantifying building system performance and response parameters for use in seismic design. The recommended methodology (referred to herein as the Methodology) provides a rational basis for establishing global seismic performance factors (SPFs), including the response modification coefficient (R factor), the system overstrength factor, and deflection amplification factor (Cd), of new seismic-force-resisting systems proposed for inclusion in model building codes. The purpose of this Methodology is to provide a rational basis for determining building seismic performance factors that, when properly implemented in the seismic design process, will result in equivalent safety against collapse in an earthquake, comparable to the inherent safety against collapse intended by current seismic codes, for buildings with different seismic-force-resisting systems.

Performance-based Seismic Bridge Design

Author : M. Lee Marsh
Publisher : Transportation Research Board
ISBN 13 : 0309223806
Total Pages : 138 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis Performance-based Seismic Bridge Design by : M. Lee Marsh

Download or read book Performance-based Seismic Bridge Design written by M. Lee Marsh and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2013 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 440, Performance-Based Seismic Bridge Design (PBSD) summarizes the current state of knowledge and practice for PBSD. PBSD is the process that links decision making for facility design with seismic input, facility response, and potential facility damage. The goal of PBSD is to provide decision makers and stakeholders with data that will enable them to allocate resources for construction based on levels of desired seismic performance"--Publisher's description.