Elixir

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Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 067429307X
Total Pages : 321 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (742 download)

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Book Synopsis Elixir by : Theresa Levitt

Download or read book Elixir written by Theresa Levitt and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2023-04-25 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A story of alchemy in Bohemian Paris, where two scientific outcasts discovered a fundamental distinction between natural and synthetic chemicals that inaugurated an enduring scientific mystery. For centuries, scientists believed that living matter possessed a special quality—a spirit or essence—that differentiated it from nonliving matter. But by the nineteenth century, the scientific consensus was that the building blocks of one were identical to the building blocks of the other. Elixir tells the story of two young chemists who were not convinced, and how their work rewrote the boundary between life and nonlife. In the 1830s, Édouard Laugier and Auguste Laurent were working in Laugier Père et Fils, the oldest perfume house in Paris. By day they prepared the perfumery’s revitalizing elixirs and rejuvenating eaux, drawing on alchemical traditions that equated a plant’s vitality with its aroma. In their spare time they hunted the vital force that promised to reveal the secret to life itself. Their ideas, roundly condemned by established chemists, led to the discovery of structural differences between naturally occurring molecules and their synthetic counterparts, even when the molecules were chemically identical. Scientists still can’t explain this anomaly, but it may point to critical insights concerning the origins of life on Earth. Rich in sparks and smells, brimming with eccentric characters, experimental daring, and the romance of the Bohemian salon, Elixir is a fascinating cultural and scientific history.

General Catalogue of Printed Books

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 682 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis General Catalogue of Printed Books by : British Museum. Dept. of Printed Books

Download or read book General Catalogue of Printed Books written by British Museum. Dept. of Printed Books and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 682 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Catalogue of the Printed Books in the Library of the British Museum

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 944 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Catalogue of the Printed Books in the Library of the British Museum by : British Library

Download or read book Catalogue of the Printed Books in the Library of the British Museum written by British Library and published by . This book was released on 1946 with total page 944 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The British Library General Catalogue of Printed Books to 1975

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 536 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The British Library General Catalogue of Printed Books to 1975 by : British Library (London)

Download or read book The British Library General Catalogue of Printed Books to 1975 written by British Library (London) and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The British Museum Catalogue of Printed Books, 1881-1900

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 954 pages
Book Rating : 4.E/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis The British Museum Catalogue of Printed Books, 1881-1900 by : British Museum. Department of Printed Books

Download or read book The British Museum Catalogue of Printed Books, 1881-1900 written by British Museum. Department of Printed Books and published by . This book was released on 1946 with total page 954 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

General Catalogue of Printed Books to 1955

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1292 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis General Catalogue of Printed Books to 1955 by : British Museum. Department of Printed Books

Download or read book General Catalogue of Printed Books to 1955 written by British Museum. Department of Printed Books and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 1292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Taming of Chance

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Author :
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521388849
Total Pages : 282 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (888 download)

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Book Synopsis The Taming of Chance by : Ian Hacking

Download or read book The Taming of Chance written by Ian Hacking and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1990-08-31 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book combines detailed scientific historical research with characteristic philosophic breadth and verve.

A Cultural History of Heredity

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Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226545709
Total Pages : 339 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (265 download)

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Book Synopsis A Cultural History of Heredity by : Staffan Müller-Wille

Download or read book A Cultural History of Heredity written by Staffan Müller-Wille and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2012-06-26 with total page 339 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Heredity: knowledge and power -- Generation, reproduction, evolution -- Heredity in separate domains -- First syntheses -- Heredity, race, and eugenics -- Disciplining heredity -- Heredity and molecular biology -- Gene technology, genomics, postgenomics: attempt at an outlook.

The Calendar in Revolutionary France

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139537032
Total Pages : 291 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (395 download)

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Book Synopsis The Calendar in Revolutionary France by : Sanja Perovic

Download or read book The Calendar in Revolutionary France written by Sanja Perovic and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-08-27 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the most unusual decisions of the leaders of the French Revolution - and one that had immense practical as well as symbolic impact - was to abandon customarily-accepted ways of calculating date and time to create a Revolutionary calendar. The experiment lasted from 1793 to 1805, and prompted all sorts of questions about the nature of time, ways of measuring it and its relationship to individual, community, communication and creative life. This study traces the course of the Revolutionary Calendar, from its cultural origins to its decline and fall. Tracing the parallel stories of the calendar and the literary genius of its creator, Sylvain Maréchal, from the Enlightenment to the Napoleonic era, Sanja Perovic reconsiders the status of the French Revolution as the purported 'origin' of modernity, the modern experience of time, and the relationship between the imagination and political action.

French Emigrants in Revolutionised Europe

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Author :
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030274357
Total Pages : 340 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (32 download)

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Book Synopsis French Emigrants in Revolutionised Europe by : Laure Philip

Download or read book French Emigrants in Revolutionised Europe written by Laure Philip and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-19 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The French emigration was an exilic movement triggered by the 1789 French Revolution with long-lasting social, cultural, and political impacts that continued well into the nineteenth century. At times paradoxical, the political and legal implications of being an émigré are detangled in this edited collection, thus bringing to light unexpected processes of tensions and compromises between the exiles and their host societies. The refugee/host contact points also fostered a series of cultural transfers. This book argues that the French emigration ought to be seen within the broader context of an ‘Age of Exile’, a notion that better encompasses the dynamics of migration that forced many to re-imagine their relation to a nation and define their displaced identities. Revisiting the historiography of the last twenty years from an interdisciplinary perspective, this volume challenges pre-existing beliefs on the journeys and re-settlements – in Europe and beyond – of the French émigré community.

Pluralism and the Idea of the Republic in France

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Author :
Publisher : Palgrave Macmillan
ISBN 13 : 9780230272095
Total Pages : 270 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (72 download)

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Book Synopsis Pluralism and the Idea of the Republic in France by : Julian Wright

Download or read book Pluralism and the Idea of the Republic in France written by Julian Wright and published by Palgrave Macmillan. This book was released on 2012-06-12 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The idea of the centralized State has played a powerful role in shaping French republicanism. But for two hundred years, many have tried to find other ways of being French and Republican. These essays challenge the traditional account, bringing together new insights from leading scholars.

Orestes

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Publisher : Simon and Schuster
ISBN 13 : 1627933212
Total Pages : 56 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (279 download)

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Book Synopsis Orestes by : Voltaire

Download or read book Orestes written by Voltaire and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2013-08-02 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Orestes was produced in 1750, an experiment which intensely interested the literary world and the public. In his Dedicatory Letters to the Duchess of Maine, Voltaire has the following passage on the Greek drama: "We should not, I acknowledge, endeavor to imitate what is weak and defective in the ancients: it is most probable that their faults were well known to their contemporaries. I am satisfied, Madam, that the wits of Athens condemned, as well as you, some of those repetitions, and some declamations with which Sophocles has loaded his Electra: they must have observed that he had not dived deep enough into the human heart. I will moreover fairly confess, that there are beauties peculiar not only to the Greek language, but to the climate, to manners and times, which it would be ridiculous to transplant hither. Therefore I have not copied exactly the Electra of Sophocles-much more I knew would be necessary; but I have taken, as well as I could, all the spirit and substance of it."

Festivals and the French Revolution

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Author :
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780674298842
Total Pages : 404 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (988 download)

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Book Synopsis Festivals and the French Revolution by : Mona Ozouf

Download or read book Festivals and the French Revolution written by Mona Ozouf and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 1991 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Festivals and the French Revolution--the subject conjures up visions of goddesses of Liberty, strange celebrations of Reason, and the oddly pretentious cult of the Supreme Being. Every history of the period includes some mention of festivals; Ozouf shows us that they were much more than bizarre marginalia to the revolutionary process.

Time and the French Revolution

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Author :
Publisher : Boydell & Brewer Ltd
ISBN 13 : 0861933117
Total Pages : 205 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (619 download)

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Book Synopsis Time and the French Revolution by : Matthew John Shaw

Download or read book Time and the French Revolution written by Matthew John Shaw and published by Boydell & Brewer Ltd. This book was released on 2011 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A history of the innovation and effects of the French Republican Calendar. The French Republican Calendar was perhaps the boldest of all the reforms undertaken in Revolutionary France. Introduced in 1793 and used until 1806, the Calendar not only reformed the weeks and months of the year, but decimalisedthe hours of the day and dated the year from the beginning of the French Republic. This book not only provides a history of the calendar, but places it in the context of eighteenth-century time-consciousness, arguing that the French were adept at working within several systems of time-keeping, whether that of the Church, civil society, or the rhythms of the seasons. Developments in time-keeping technology and changes in working patterns challenged early-modern temporalities, and the new calendar can also be viewed as a step on the path toward a more modern conception of time. In this context, the creation of the calendar is viewed not just as an aspect of the broader republican programme of social, political and cultural reform, but as a reflection of a broader interest in time and the culmination of several generations' concern with how society should be policed. Matthew Shaw is a curatorat the British Library, London.

The Architecture of Death

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Publisher : Mit Press
ISBN 13 : 9780262550154
Total Pages : 441 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (51 download)

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Book Synopsis The Architecture of Death by : Richard A. Etlin

Download or read book The Architecture of Death written by Richard A. Etlin and published by Mit Press. This book was released on 1987-01 with total page 441 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the eighteenth century Paris underwent a remarkable transformation in Western attitudes about life and death. The Architecture of Death traces this change through six pivotal decades, and analyzes the intellectual and social concerns that led to the establishment of a new kind of urban institution - the municipal cemetery. Drawing heavily on new materials and archival sources, supported by nearly 270 plans, photographs, and drawings, the book is not only a definitive work on the design of cemeteries but is also the cultural history of an age.

The Pope's Body

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Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 9780226034379
Total Pages : 448 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (343 download)

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Book Synopsis The Pope's Body by : Agostino Paravicini-Bagliani

Download or read book The Pope's Body written by Agostino Paravicini-Bagliani and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2000-07 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In contrast to the role traditionally fulfilled by secular rulers, the pope has been perceived as an individual person existing in a body subject to decay and death, yet at the same time a corporeal representation of Christ and the Church, eternity and salvation. Using an array of evidence from the eleventh through the fifteenth centuries, Agostino Paravicini- Bagliani addresses this paradox. He studies the rituals, metaphors, and images of the pope's body as they developed over time and shows how they resulted in the expectation that the pope's body be simultaneously physical and metaphorical. Also included is a particular emphasis on the thirteenth century when, during the pontificate of Boniface VIII (1294-1303), the papal court became the focus of medicine and the natural sciences as physicians devised ways to protect the pope's health and prolong his life. Masterfully translated from the Italian, this engaging history of the pope's body provides a new perspective for readers to understand the papacy, both historically and in our own time.

Chemical Treatise on Air and Fire

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781409937739
Total Pages : 48 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (377 download)

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Book Synopsis Chemical Treatise on Air and Fire by : Carl Wilhelm Scheele

Download or read book Chemical Treatise on Air and Fire written by Carl Wilhelm Scheele and published by . This book was released on 2009-01 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carl Wilhelm Scheele (1742-1786) was a German-Swedish pharmaceutical chemist, born in Stralsund, Western Pomerania, Germany. Instead of becoming a carpenter like his father, Scheele decided to become a pharmacist. His career began with his apprenticeship at an apothecary in Gothenburg when he was only fourteen years old. He retained this position for eight years before becoming an apothecary's clerk in Malmo. Then Scheele worked as a pharmacist in Stockholm, from 1770-1775 in Uppsala, and later in Koping. In 1776, he was able to establish his own pharmacy. He was the discoverer of many chemical substances, most notably discovering oxygen (although Joseph Priestley published his findings first), molybdenum and chlorine before Humphry Davy. Scheele described the discovery of oxygen and nitrogen (1772-1773), in his only book, Chemische Abhandlung von der Luft und dem Feuer (Chemical Treatise on Air and Fire) in 1777. He called it "fire air" because it supported combustion, but he explained oxygen using phlogistical terms because he did not believe that his discovery disproved the phlogiston theory.