Direct Measurements Of Marine Aerosols To Examine The Influence Of Biological Activity Anthropogenic Emissions And Secondary Processing On Particle Chemistry

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Direct Measurements of Marine Aerosols to Examine the Influence of Biological Activity, Anthropogenic Emissions, and Secondary Processing on Particle Chemistry

Author : Cassandra Jayne Gaston
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781267468598
Total Pages : 294 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (685 download)

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Book Synopsis Direct Measurements of Marine Aerosols to Examine the Influence of Biological Activity, Anthropogenic Emissions, and Secondary Processing on Particle Chemistry by : Cassandra Jayne Gaston

Download or read book Direct Measurements of Marine Aerosols to Examine the Influence of Biological Activity, Anthropogenic Emissions, and Secondary Processing on Particle Chemistry written by Cassandra Jayne Gaston and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aerosols influence global climate directly by scattering and absorbing incoming solar radiation and indirectly by initiating cloud droplet and ice crystal formation; both particle size and chemical composition play a role in these impacts. Particle size and composition constantly evolve due to atmospheric processing. The physicochemical properties of marine aerosols, including sea spray and anthropogenic emissions, are of particular interest since oceans cover over 70% of the Earth's surface. This dissertation aims to probe the role of oceanic biological activity, anthropogenic emissions, and subsequent atmospheric processing on marine particle chemistry by measuring the size-resolved chemistry of individual ambient marine aerosols and laboratory-generated particles using aerosol time-of-flight mass spectrometry (ATOFMS). The impact of biological activity on the mixing-state of sea spray particles was examined by adding biologically-derived organic material and/or phytoplankton cells to seawater then generating particles through bubble bursting. Unique particles characterized by organics, Mg2 and/or Ca2 were detected during these experiments as well as in the ambient atmosphere during periods of elevated biological activity. Additionally, elemental sulfur ions were also detected in ambient marine particles in regions of elevated biological activity at night. These particles were successfully reproduced from bubble bursting experiments suggesting that these particles are directly ejected from the ocean. In addition to sea spray aerosol, the particle chemistry of marine aerosols from anthropogenic sources was also examined during shipboard measurements made during CalNex along the California coast. Soot was dominant in Southern California while organics characterized the particle chemistry in the Sacramento area highlighting regional differences in anthropogenic emissions in California. Further, measurements made at the Port of Los Angeles and those made on the Scripps Pier showed a decline in emissions from ships combusting residual fuel compared to earlier measurements; these results are in compliance with recent regulations requiring ships to combust low sulfur fuel when approaching the California coast. Finally, during the Study of Organic Aerosols in Riverside, CA (SOAR), the dimethyl sulfide (DMS) oxidation product methanesulfonic acid (MSA) was detected in anthropogenic particle types, and was elevated in vanadium-containing emissions characteristic of residual fuel combustion suggesting that anthropogenic particles can enhance the atmospheric processing of marine biogenic emissions.

Sea Salt Aerosol Production

Author : Ernie R. Lewis
Publisher : American Geophysical Union
ISBN 13 : 0875904173
Total Pages : 423 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (759 download)

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Book Synopsis Sea Salt Aerosol Production by : Ernie R. Lewis

Download or read book Sea Salt Aerosol Production written by Ernie R. Lewis and published by American Geophysical Union. This book was released on 2004-01-09 with total page 423 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series, Volume 152. Sea salt aerosol (SSA) exerts a major influence over a broad reach of geophysics. It is important to the physics and chemistry of the marine atmosphere and to marine geochemistry and biogeochemistry generally. It affects visibility, remote sensing, atmospheric chemistry, and air quality. Sea salt aerosol particles interact with other atmospheric gaseous and aerosol constituents by acting as sinks for condensable gases and suppressing new particle formation, thus influencing the size distribution of these other aerosols and more broadly influencing the geochemical cycles of substances with which they interact. As the key aerosol constituent over much of Earth's surface at present, and all the more so in pre-industrial times, SSA is central to description of Earth's aerosol burden.

Detection and Influence of Biological Aerosols in Marine and Coastal Environments

Author : Brock A. Mitts
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (133 download)

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Book Synopsis Detection and Influence of Biological Aerosols in Marine and Coastal Environments by : Brock A. Mitts

Download or read book Detection and Influence of Biological Aerosols in Marine and Coastal Environments written by Brock A. Mitts and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aerosols influence climate by directly scatter radiation and affecting cloud properties and lifetime. Biological aerosols (bioaerosols) act as cloud condensation nuclei and ice nucleating particles (INPs) and can impact human and ecosystem health. Oceans, which cover over 70% of the Earth's surface, comprise an important source of bioaerosols emitted in both primary sea spray aerosol (SSA) particles and formed as secondary organic aerosols (SOA) from biogenic volatile organic compounds (VOCs). However, the influence of marine bioaerosols on clouds and climate remains an area of high uncertainty. In this dissertation, bioaerosols from marine environments were measured in laboratory-based systems and the ambient coastal environment to analyze their impact on cloud formation and on local communities. Studies on the ice nucleating ability of SSA showed supermicron-size SSA particles, rather than submicron, were the predominant source of INPs released from a marine environment. The size of these particles suggests these INPs represented bioaerosols, like marine bacteria, their fragments, or exudates. Bioaerosol emissions in SSA were measured with single-particle fluorescence spectrometry over the course of a mesocosm phytoplankton bloom and showed, for the first time, the fluorescence signature and size distribution of these particles in nascent SSA. To uncover how atmospheric oxidants impact the SSA fluorescence profile, an oxidative flow reactor was used to simulate days of atmospheric aging during a phytoplankton bloom study in an ocean-atmosphere system. This study revealed that aged SSA particles underwent chemical transformations from proteinaceous to humic-like particles, reflected in the loss of protein-like fluorescence and the production of humic-like fluorescence. Applying these online fluorescence methods to aerosols in an urban-coastal environment demonstrated the ability to distinguish and characterize marine and continental air masses. Lastly, we developed a novel system combining a sublimation-condensation flow tube with a matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization matrix and an aerosol time-of-flight mass spectrometer to identify sub-100 nm SOA produced from biogenic VOCs. By improving bioaerosol detection in marine environments and better understanding their ability to seed clouds, the findings from this work enable more accurate representations and parameterizations of marine emissions for global climate models.

Ocean-Atmosphere Interactions of Gases and Particles

Author : Peter S. Liss
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3642256430
Total Pages : 366 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (422 download)

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Book Synopsis Ocean-Atmosphere Interactions of Gases and Particles by : Peter S. Liss

Download or read book Ocean-Atmosphere Interactions of Gases and Particles written by Peter S. Liss and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-12-18 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The oceans and atmosphere interact through various processes, including the transfer of momentum, heat, gases and particles. In this book leading international experts come together to provide a state-of-the-art account of these exchanges and their role in the Earth-system, with particular focus on gases and particles. Chapters in the book cover: i) the ocean-atmosphere exchange of short-lived trace gases; ii) mechanisms and models of interfacial exchange (including transfer velocity parameterisations); iii) ocean-atmosphere exchange of the greenhouse gases carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide; iv) ocean atmosphere exchange of particles and v) current and future data collection and synthesis efforts. The scope of the book extends to the biogeochemical responses to emitted / deposited material and interactions and feedbacks in the wider Earth-system context. This work constitutes a highly detailed synthesis and reference; of interest to higher-level university students (Masters, PhD) and researchers in ocean-atmosphere interactions and related fields (Earth-system science, marine / atmospheric biogeochemistry / climate). Production of this book was supported and funded by the EU COST Action 735 and coordinated by the International SOLAS (Surface Ocean- Lower Atmosphere Study) project office.

Marine Aerosol Physical Properties and Influences by Meteorology in the North Atlantic Ocean

Author : Nicole Chisholm
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (134 download)

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Book Synopsis Marine Aerosol Physical Properties and Influences by Meteorology in the North Atlantic Ocean by : Nicole Chisholm

Download or read book Marine Aerosol Physical Properties and Influences by Meteorology in the North Atlantic Ocean written by Nicole Chisholm and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Marine aerosols play an important role in earth's climate, but their effects remain highly uncertain due to a poor understanding of their sources, properties, and atmospheric processing, partly due to limited measurements. The Coastal-Fog (C-FOG) study investigated the processes controlling the formation and properties of fog in the North Atlantic Ocean. As part of this study, aerosol particle size distributions and chemical composition were measured off the shore of the northeastern United States and Atlantic Canada, and used to investigate the sources and processes affecting the observed aerosols. Processed marine air during the study was characterized by single and bi-modal aerosol size distributions. Aerosols in the port city of St. John's, Newfoundland reflected local emissions built up due to poor ventilation, whereas aerosols in Halifax, Nova Scotia were lower in concentration because the harbour is more spread out. Finally, two particle growth events were observed. The first event captured the appearance of 10 nm particles that grew to 30 nm over 4 h. These aerosols appeared to be newly formed in the upper portion of the boundary layer with influence from the free troposphere before subsiding to the surface. In the second event, 45 nm particles grew to 70 nm over 8 h. The growth of these aerosols was most likely due to the direct condensation of organic vapours emitted from boreal forests and/or the ocean. Our observations provide important insight into the processes affecting marine aerosols and highlight the crucial role of boundary layer meteorology.

Atmospheric Aerosols

Author : Claudio Tomasi
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 3527336451
Total Pages : 706 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (273 download)

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Book Synopsis Atmospheric Aerosols by : Claudio Tomasi

Download or read book Atmospheric Aerosols written by Claudio Tomasi and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-03-20 with total page 706 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ein Blick auf die morphologischen, physikalischen und chemischen Eigenschaften von Aerosolen aus den unterschiedlichsten natürlichen und anthropogenen Quellen trägt zum besseren Verständnis der Rolle bei, die Aerosolpartikel bei der Streuung und Absorption kurz- und langwelliger Strahlung spielen. Dieses Fachbuch bietet Informationen, die sonst schwer zu finden sind, und vermittelt ausführlich die Kenntnisse, die erforderlich sind, um die mikrophysikalischen, chemischen und Strahlungsparameter zu charakterisieren, die bei der Wechselwirkung von Sonnen- und Erdstrahlen so überaus wichtig sind. Besonderes Augenmerk liegt auf den indirekten Auswirkungen von Aerosolen auf das Klima im Rahmen des komplexen Systems aus Aerosolen, Wolken und der Atmosphäre. Auch geht es vorrangig um die Wirkungen natürlicher und anthropogener Aerosole auf die Luftqualität und die Umwelt, auf die menschliche Gesundheit und unser kulturelles Erbe. Mit einem durchgängig lösungsorientierten Ansatz werden nicht nur die Probleme und Gefahren dieser Aerosole behandelt, sondern auch praktikable Lösungswege aufgezeigt.

Secondary Marine Aerosol

Author : Kathryn J. Mayer
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 291 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (124 download)

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Book Synopsis Secondary Marine Aerosol by : Kathryn J. Mayer

Download or read book Secondary Marine Aerosol written by Kathryn J. Mayer and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aerosol-cloud interactions are one of the largest sources of uncertainty in our understanding of the Earth's climate system. In order to develop better predictive models and understand how the climate will respond to future changes in atmospheric composition, we must determine the sources and nature of aerosols which serve as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN), thus influencing the properties of clouds. Oceans cover 70% of the Earth's surface and represent a major source of atmospheric aerosols. Sea spray aerosol (SSA) is formed by the action of breaking waves, whereas secondary marine aerosols (SMA) are formed from the oxidation products of gases emitted from the oceans. Biological activity in seawater (i.e. the life, death, and interactions of marine phytoplankton, bacteria, and viruses) can significantly affect the chemical composition of SSA through processing of dissolved organic matter and SMA through the emission of volatile gases. This dissertation investigates the cloud-relevant properties of SSA and SMA generated using ocean-atmosphere simulators in the laboratory, with a specific emphasis on the influence of biological activity in seawater on the properties of these aerosols. For the first time, SMA was produced from the oxidation of the headspace gases of a phytoplankton bloom grown in natural seawater, enabling measurements of its chemical composition and CCN activity. Overall, these studies show that the formation and properties of SMA are much more sensitive to biological activity in seawater than SSA. In addition, the chemical composition of SMA is highly dependent on the extent of photochemical oxidation, with a distinct shift from organic-rich to sulfate-rich composition in response to increased atmospheric aging. This change in SMA composition leads to a significant change in its hygroscopicity. These results suggest that the properties of SMA evolve temporally in the atmosphere, which has implications for CCN concentrations and cloud properties over the oceans.

Mixed-Phase Clouds

Author : Constantin Andronache
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 012810550X
Total Pages : 302 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)

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Book Synopsis Mixed-Phase Clouds by : Constantin Andronache

Download or read book Mixed-Phase Clouds written by Constantin Andronache and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2017-09-28 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mixed-Phase Clouds: Observations and Modeling presents advanced research topics on mixed-phase clouds. As the societal impacts of extreme weather and its forecasting grow, there is a continuous need to refine atmospheric observations, techniques and numerical models. Understanding the role of clouds in the atmosphere is increasingly vital for current applications, such as prediction and prevention of aircraft icing, weather modification, and the assessment of the effects of cloud phase partition in climate models. This book provides the essential information needed to address these problems with a focus on current observations, simulations and applications. - Provides in-depth knowledge and simulation of mixed-phase clouds over many regions of Earth, explaining their role in weather and climate - Features current research examples and case studies, including those on advanced research methods from authors with experience in both academia and the industry - Discusses the latest advances in this subject area, providing the reader with access to best practices for remote sensing and numerical modeling

Modern Mathematical Statistics with Applications

Author : Jay L. Devore
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030551563
Total Pages : 981 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (35 download)

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Book Synopsis Modern Mathematical Statistics with Applications by : Jay L. Devore

Download or read book Modern Mathematical Statistics with Applications written by Jay L. Devore and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-04-29 with total page 981 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This 3rd edition of Modern Mathematical Statistics with Applications tries to strike a balance between mathematical foundations and statistical practice. The book provides a clear and current exposition of statistical concepts and methodology, including many examples and exercises based on real data gleaned from publicly available sources. Here is a small but representative selection of scenarios for our examples and exercises based on information in recent articles: Use of the “Big Mac index” by the publication The Economist as a humorous way to compare product costs across nations Visualizing how the concentration of lead levels in cartridges varies for each of five brands of e-cigarettes Describing the distribution of grip size among surgeons and how it impacts their ability to use a particular brand of surgical stapler Estimating the true average odometer reading of used Porsche Boxsters listed for sale on www.cars.com Comparing head acceleration after impact when wearing a football helmet with acceleration without a helmet Investigating the relationship between body mass index and foot load while running The main focus of the book is on presenting and illustrating methods of inferential statistics used by investigators in a wide variety of disciplines, from actuarial science all the way to zoology. It begins with a chapter on descriptive statistics that immediately exposes the reader to the analysis of real data. The next six chapters develop the probability material that facilitates the transition from simply describing data to drawing formal conclusions based on inferential methodology. Point estimation, the use of statistical intervals, and hypothesis testing are the topics of the first three inferential chapters. The remainder of the book explores the use of these methods in a variety of more complex settings. This edition includes many new examples and exercises as well as an introduction to the simulation of events and probability distributions. There are more than 1300 exercises in the book, ranging from very straightforward to reasonably challenging. Many sections have been rewritten with the goal of streamlining and providing a more accessible exposition. Output from the most common statistical software packages is included wherever appropriate (a feature absent from virtually all other mathematical statistics textbooks). The authors hope that their enthusiasm for the theory and applicability of statistics to real world problems will encourage students to pursue more training in the discipline.

Natural and Anthropogenic Influences on the Chemical Composition of Marine Boundary Layer Aerosols

Author : Sergio Adrian Guazzotti
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 846 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (121 download)

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Book Synopsis Natural and Anthropogenic Influences on the Chemical Composition of Marine Boundary Layer Aerosols by : Sergio Adrian Guazzotti

Download or read book Natural and Anthropogenic Influences on the Chemical Composition of Marine Boundary Layer Aerosols written by Sergio Adrian Guazzotti and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 846 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

He Impact of Primary Marine Aerosol on Atmospheric Chemistry, Radiation and Climate

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (957 download)

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Book Synopsis He Impact of Primary Marine Aerosol on Atmospheric Chemistry, Radiation and Climate by :

Download or read book He Impact of Primary Marine Aerosol on Atmospheric Chemistry, Radiation and Climate written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This project examined the potential large-scale influence of marine aerosol cycling on atmospheric chemistry, physics and radiative transfer. Measurements indicate that the size-dependent generation of marine aerosols by wind waves at the ocean surface and the subsequent production and cycling of halogen-radicals are important but poorly constrained processes that influence climate regionally and globally. A reliable capacity to examine the role of marine aerosol in the global-scale atmospheric system requires that the important size-resolved chemical processes be treated explicitly. But the treatment of multiphase chemistry across the breadth of chemical scenarios encountered throughout the atmosphere is sensitive to the initial conditions and the precision of the solution method. This study examined this sensitivity, constrained it using high-resolution laboratory and field measurements, and deployed it in a coupled chemical-microphysical 3-D atmosphere model. First, laboratory measurements of fresh, unreacted marine aerosol were used to formulate a sea-state based marine aerosol source parameterization that captured the initial organic, inorganic, and physical conditions of the aerosol population. Second, a multiphase chemical mechanism, solved using the Max Planck Institute for Chemistry's MECCA (Module Efficiently Calculating the Chemistry of the Atmosphere) system, was benchmarked across a broad set of observed chemical and physical conditions in the marine atmosphere. Using these results, the mechanism was systematically reduced to maximize computational speed. Finally, the mechanism was coupled to the 3-mode modal aerosol version of the NCAR Community Atmosphere Model (CAM v3.6.33). Decadal-scale simulations with CAM v.3.6.33, were run both with and without reactive-halogen chemistry and with and without explicit treatment of particulate organic carbon in the marine aerosol source function. Simulated results were interpreted (1) to evaluate influences of marine aerosol production on the microphysical properties of aerosol populations and clouds over the ocean and the corresponding direct and indirect effects on radiative transfer; (2) atmospheric burdens of reactive halogen species and their impacts on O3, NOx, OH, DMS, and particulate non-sea-salt SO42-; and (3) the global production and influences of marine-derived particulate organic carbon. The model reproduced major characteristics of the marine aerosol system and demonstrated the potential sensitivity of global, decadal-scale climate metrics to multiphase marine-derived components of Earth's troposphere. Due to the combined computational burden of the coupled system, the currently available computational resources were the limiting factor preventing the adequate statistical analysis of the overall impact that multiphase chemistry might have on climate-scale radiative transfer and climate.

Ocean-Atmosphere Interactions

Author : Y. Toba
Publisher : The Rosen Publishing Group
ISBN 13 : 9781402011719
Total Pages : 336 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (117 download)

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Book Synopsis Ocean-Atmosphere Interactions by : Y. Toba

Download or read book Ocean-Atmosphere Interactions written by Y. Toba and published by The Rosen Publishing Group. This book was released on 2003-08-31 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents an up-to-date analysis of ocean-atmosphere interaction. Well known experts examine diverse subjects such as ocean surface waves, air-sea exchange processes, ocean surface mixed layer, water-mass formation, as well as general circulation of the oceans, El Nino and Southern Oscillation (ENSO), and the deep-ocean circulation. Other areas described are basic dynamics, data analysis techniques, numerical modelling, and remote sensing. This book is primarily aimed at graduate and senior undergraduate courses in the area of ocean-atmosphere research.

Radiative Forcing of Climate Change

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309133505
Total Pages : 222 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Radiative Forcing of Climate Change by : National Research Council

Download or read book Radiative Forcing of Climate Change written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2005-03-25 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Changes in climate are driven by natural and human-induced perturbations of the Earth's energy balance. These climate drivers or "forcings" include variations in greenhouse gases, aerosols, land use, and the amount of energy Earth receives from the Sun. Although climate throughout Earth's history has varied from "snowball" conditions with global ice cover to "hothouse" conditions when glaciers all but disappeared, the climate over the past 10,000 years has been remarkably stable and favorable to human civilization. Increasing evidence points to a large human impact on global climate over the past century. The report reviews current knowledge of climate forcings and recommends critical research needed to improve understanding. Whereas emphasis to date has been on how these climate forcings affect global mean temperature, the report finds that regional variation and climate impacts other than temperature deserve increased attention.

Ocean Acidification

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 030916155X
Total Pages : 200 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Ocean Acidification by : National Research Council

Download or read book Ocean Acidification written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-09-14 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ocean has absorbed a significant portion of all human-made carbon dioxide emissions. This benefits human society by moderating the rate of climate change, but also causes unprecedented changes to ocean chemistry. Carbon dioxide taken up by the ocean decreases the pH of the water and leads to a suite of chemical changes collectively known as ocean acidification. The long term consequences of ocean acidification are not known, but are expected to result in changes to many ecosystems and the services they provide to society. Ocean Acidification: A National Strategy to Meet the Challenges of a Changing Ocean reviews the current state of knowledge, explores gaps in understanding, and identifies several key findings. Like climate change, ocean acidification is a growing global problem that will intensify with continued CO2 emissions and has the potential to change marine ecosystems and affect benefits to society. The federal government has taken positive initial steps by developing a national ocean acidification program, but more information is needed to fully understand and address the threat that ocean acidification may pose to marine ecosystems and the services they provide. In addition, a global observation network of chemical and biological sensors is needed to monitor changes in ocean conditions attributable to acidification.

Encyclopedia of Atmospheric Sciences

Author : Gerald R. North
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0123822262
Total Pages : 2874 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (238 download)

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Book Synopsis Encyclopedia of Atmospheric Sciences by : Gerald R. North

Download or read book Encyclopedia of Atmospheric Sciences written by Gerald R. North and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-09-14 with total page 2874 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Encyclopedia of Atmospheric Sciences, Second Edition, Six Volume Set is an authoritative resource covering all aspects of atmospheric sciences, including both theory and applications. With more than 320 articles and 1,600 figures and photographs, this revised version of the award-winning first edition offers comprehensive coverage of this important field. The six volumes in this set contain broad-ranging articles on topics such as atmospheric chemistry, biogeochemical cycles, boundary layers, clouds, general circulation, global change, mesoscale meteorology, ozone, radar, satellite remote sensing, and weather prediction. The Encyclopedia is an ideal resource for academia, government, and industry in the fields of atmospheric, ocean, and environmental sciences. It is written at a level that allows undergraduate students to understand the material, while providing active researchers with the latest information in the field. Covers all aspects of atmospheric sciences—including both theory and applications Presents more than 320 articles and more than 1,600 figures and photographs Broad-ranging articles include topics such as atmospheric chemistry, biogeochemical cycles, boundary layers, clouds, general circulation, global change, mesoscale meteorology, ozone, radar, satellite remote sensing, and weather prediction An ideal resource for academia, government, and industry in the fields of atmospheric, ocean, and environmental sciences

Measurement, Analysis and Remediation of Environmental Pollutants

Author : Tarun Gupta
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9811505403
Total Pages : 474 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (115 download)

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Book Synopsis Measurement, Analysis and Remediation of Environmental Pollutants by : Tarun Gupta

Download or read book Measurement, Analysis and Remediation of Environmental Pollutants written by Tarun Gupta and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-10-08 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses contamination of water, air, and soil media. The book covers health effects of such contamination and discusses remedial measures to improve the situation. Contributions by experts provide a comprehensive discussion on the latest developments in the detection and analysis of contaminants, enabling researchers to understand the evolution of these pollutants in real time and develop more accurate source apportionment of these pollutants. The contents of this book will be of interest to researchers, professionals, and policy makers alike.

Aerosol Pollution Impact on Precipitation

Author : Zev Levin
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1402086903
Total Pages : 399 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Aerosol Pollution Impact on Precipitation by : Zev Levin

Download or read book Aerosol Pollution Impact on Precipitation written by Zev Levin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-09-30 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Life on Earth is critically dependent upon the continuous cycling of water between oceans, continents and the atmosphere. Precipitation (including rain, snow, and hail) is the primary mechanism for transporting water from the atmosphere back to the Earth’s surface. It is also the key physical process that links aspects of climate, weather, and the global hydrological cycle. Changes in precipitation regimes and the frequency of extreme weather events, such as floods, droughts, severe ice/snow storms, monsoon fluctuations and hurricanes are of great potential importance to life on the planet. One of the factors that could contribute to precipitation modification is aerosol pollution from various sources such as urban air pollution and biomass burning. Natural and anthropogenic changes in atmospheric aerosols might have important implications for precipitation by influencing the hydrological cycle, which in turn could feed back to climate changes. From an Earth Science perspective, a key question is how changes expected in climate will translate into changes in the hydrological cycle, and what trends may be expected in the future. We require a much better understanding and hence predictive capability of the moisture and energy storages and exchanges among the Earth’s atmosphere, oceans, continents and biological systems. This book is a review of our knowledge of the relationship between aerosols and precipitation reaching the Earth's surface and it includes a list of recommendations that could help to advance our knowledge in this area.