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Diets Distribution And Population Dynamics Of Arctic Cod Boreogadus Saida In Arctic Shelf Ecosystems
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Book Synopsis Diets, Distribution and Population Dynamics of Arctic Cod (Boreogadus Saida) in Arctic Shelf Ecosystems by : Jennifer Marie Marsh
Download or read book Diets, Distribution and Population Dynamics of Arctic Cod (Boreogadus Saida) in Arctic Shelf Ecosystems written by Jennifer Marie Marsh and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With climate warming and longer open-water seasons in the Arctic, there is an increased interest in shipping, oil exploration and the expansion or development of commercial fisheries. Anticipated natural and anthropogenic changes are expected to alter the Arctic shelf ecosystems, including their fish communities. As a component of the Arctic Ecosystem Integrated Survey (Arctic Eis), this project presented a unique opportunity to assess the ontogenetic, spatial and temporal variability in the distribution, abundance and trophic roles (trophic level and diet sources) of key fish species in the Chukchi Sea. For my dissertation, I addressed three objectives to advance our understanding of Arctic cod (Boreogadus saida) as a key component of Arctic ecosystems. First, I characterized the current range of variability in trophic roles within the system and explored the role of advection in shaping the fish communities’ diet (isotopic signatures) with a focus on Arctic cod. Second, I examined environmental and biological influences on the distribution and abundance of Arctic cod and provided an updated stock assessment for the Chukchi Sea. Finally, I broadened the geographic scope and used available time series of survey data at the southern margin of their range in the Pacific (eastern Bering Sea) and Atlantic (Newfoundland/Labrador shelves) sectors to assess the influence of temperature, predators and competitors on their distribution. Compared to age-1+ Arctic cod, age-0 Arctic cod had a less diverse diet regardless of water mass and were limited to colder temperatures. Together, this suggests that younger Arctic cod are more vulnerable to climate change. Estimates of egg production and early survival suggest that the numbers of mature Arctic cod present in the survey area during summer are unlikely to produce the observed high abundances of age-0 Arctic cod in the Chukchi Sea. Moreover, Arctic cod distributions in their southern ranges were highly influenced by temperature and to a lesser extent by competitors and predators. When temperatures were warmer, Arctic cod occupied a smaller area. These results inform the management of Arctic cod in a rapidly changing environment and provide benchmarks against which to assess future changes.
Book Synopsis Spatial Patterns, Environmental Correlates, and Potential Seasonal Migration Triangle of Arctic Cod (Boreogadus Saida) Distribution in the Chukchi and Beaufort Seas by : Caitlin Forster
Download or read book Spatial Patterns, Environmental Correlates, and Potential Seasonal Migration Triangle of Arctic Cod (Boreogadus Saida) Distribution in the Chukchi and Beaufort Seas written by Caitlin Forster and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Arctic Cod (Boreogadus saida) is a key forage fish species in the Arctic marine ecosystem and provides a critical energetic link between lower and upper trophic levels. Despite its ecological importance, spatially explicit studies synthesizing Arctic Cod distribution across a multitude of research efforts previously have not been conducted in the western portion of its range. I used spatial generalized additive models (GAM) to map the distribution of Arctic Cod by size class and relative to environmental variables. I compiled demersal trawl data from 21 research cruises conducted from 2004 to 2017 in the Chukchi and Beaufort seas, and investigated size-specific patterns in distribution to infer movement ecology of Arctic Cod as it develops from juvenile to adult life stages. High abundances of small, juvenile Arctic Cod (70 mm total length) in the northeastern Chukchi Sea and western Beaufort Sea were separated from another region of high abundances in the eastern Beaufort Sea, near the US and Canadian border, suggesting possible population structure in the Pacific Arctic. In both the Chukchi and Beaufort seas, large, adult Arctic Cod (130 mm total length) were found offshore and spatially segregated from small and medium (71–130 mm total length) fish, indicating an ontogenetic offshore movement of Arctic Cod as it matures. Relating environmental correlates to Arctic Cod abundance demonstrated that temperature and salinity were related to juvenile distribution patterns, while depth was the primary correlate of adult distribution. Furthermore, a comparison of spring and summer 2017 abundances of Arctic Cod in the southern Chukchi Sea, from the Bering Strait to Cape Lisburne found low abundance in the spring when compared to the summer. Differences in Arctic Cod abundance at different times of year suggest that Arctic Cod migrate seasonally, potentially following patterns of biological production in the Chukchi Sea. Arctic Cod migration may follow a classical ‘migration triangle’ route between nursery grounds as juveniles, feeding grounds as subadults, and spawning grounds as adults, in relation to ice cover and seasonal production in the Chukchi Sea. The analysis presented here is necessary to address federally mandated research requirements, which include improving understanding of stock structure and resolving essential fish habitat (EFH) for different life stages, as well as to gain better general understanding of the role of Arctic Cod in the Pacific Arctic.
Download or read book Arctic Ecology written by David N. Thomas and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-01-26 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Arctic is often portrayed as being isolated, but the reality is that the connectivity with the rest of the planet is huge, be it through weather patterns, global ocean circulation, and large-scale migration patterns to name but a few. There is a huge amount of public interest in the ‘changing Arctic’, especially in terms of the rapid changes taking place in ecosystems and exploitation of resources. There can be no doubt that the Arctic is at the forefront of the international environmental science agenda, both from a scientific aspect, and also from a policy/environmental management perspective. This book aims to stimulate a wide audience to think about the Arctic by highlighting the remarkable breadth of what it means to study its ecology. Arctic Ecology seeks to systematically introduce the diverse array of ecologies within the Arctic region. As the Arctic rapidly changes, understanding the fundamental ecology underpinning the Arctic is paramount to understanding the consequences of what such change will inevitably bring about. Arctic Ecology is designed to provide graduate students of environmental science, ecology and climate change with a source where Arctic ecology is addressed specifically, with issues due to climate change clearly discussed. It will also be of use to policy-makers, researchers and international agencies who are focusing on ecological issues and effects of global climate change in the Arctic. About the Editor David N. Thomas is Professor of Arctic Ecosystem Research in the Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki. Previously he spent 24 years in the School of Ocean Sciences, Bangor University, Wales. He studies marine systems, with a particular emphasis on sea ice and land-coast interactions in the Arctic and Southern Oceans as well as the Baltic Sea. He also edited a related book: Sea Ice, 3rd Edition (2017), which is also published by Wiley-Blackwell.
Book Synopsis Age, Growth, and Movement Dynamics of Arctic Cod (Boreogadus Saida) in the Chukchi and Beaufort Seas by : Alyssa Frothingham
Download or read book Age, Growth, and Movement Dynamics of Arctic Cod (Boreogadus Saida) in the Chukchi and Beaufort Seas written by Alyssa Frothingham and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Arctic Cod (Boreogadus saida) dominates fish assemblages in the Arctic and provides a valuable food source to upper trophic level predators. Little is known about several important facets of its biology and ecology in the Pacific Arctic, including in the Chukchi and Beaufort seas. The physical connectivity of these two biologically and hydrologically unique seas provides an excellent opportunity to explore differences in Arctic Cod life history characteristics such as age, growth, and movement dynamics in these two adjacent areas. To establish a current benchmark of Arctic Cod life history and movement characteristics for the Pacific Arctic, Arctic Cod otoliths collected from 2009 to 2014 during twelve research cruises conducted throughout the Chukchi and Beaufort seas were used to estimate growth and age structure for this species from the two regions. Ages of Arctic Cod ranged from 0 to 5 years with significant overlap in size at age. Growth of Arctic Cod collected in the southern Chukchi Sea and eastern Beaufort Sea regions were similar, suggesting freshwater-influenced regions may enhance growth compared to other areas. Additionally, microchemistry of age-0 Arctic Cod otoliths was analyzed to determine potential differences in elemental signatures between the Chukchi and Beaufort seas, and to infer movement between them. Otolith trace element concentrations were distinct between the Chukchi and Beaufort seas, indicating populations of Arctic Cod from the Chukchi and Beaufort seas can be differentiated based on otolith elemental signatures. Furthermore, elemental signatures from the cores of otoliths were significantly different from those from the edges in both seas suggesting early life history movement. As the Pacific Arctic faces warming sea temperatures and sea ice reduction, predicting a species-level adaptation to a changing environment is nearly impossible without establishing a benchmark for future comparison. This research will provide valuable insight into Arctic Cod across a broad portion of its distribution.
Book Synopsis The Mechanics and Physiology of Animal Swimming by : L. Maddock
Download or read book The Mechanics and Physiology of Animal Swimming written by L. Maddock and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1994-09-15 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume brings together current research on a wide range of swimming organisms, with an emphasis on the biomechanics, physiology and hydrodynamics of swimming in or on water. Several chapters deal with different aspects of fish swimming, from the use of different 'gaits' to the operation of the locomotor muscles. All chapters are by recognised authorities in their different fields, and all are accessible to biologists interested in aquatic locomotion.
Book Synopsis Aspects of the biology of Arctic cod (Boreogadus saida) and its importance in Arctic marine food chains by : M.S.W. Bradstreet
Download or read book Aspects of the biology of Arctic cod (Boreogadus saida) and its importance in Arctic marine food chains written by M.S.W. Bradstreet and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Antarctic Silverfish: a Keystone Species in a Changing Ecosystem by : Marino Vacchi
Download or read book The Antarctic Silverfish: a Keystone Species in a Changing Ecosystem written by Marino Vacchi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-05-03 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book encompasses the body of available scientific information on the notothenioid fish Pleuragramma antarctica commonly known as Antarctic silverfish. This plankton-feeder of the intermediate trophic level is the most abundant fish in the coastal regions of high Antarctica, and plays a pivotal ecological role as the main prey of top predators like seals, penguins, whales and Antarctic toothfish. Broad circum-polar distribution, a key role in the Antarctic shelf pelagic ecosystem, and adaptations makes understanding the species’ likely response to environmental change relevant to foresee the potential responses at the local ecosystem level. Additionally, a detailed understanding of the abundance and trophic interactions of such a dominant keystone species is a vital element of informing the development of marine spatial planning and marine protected areas in the Antarctic continental shelf region. Experts in the field provide here unique insights into the evolutionary adaptation, eco-physiology, trophic ecology, reproductive and population ecology of the Antarctic silverfish and provide new clues about its vulnerability in facing the challenges of the ongoing environmental changes.
Book Synopsis State of the Arctic Marine Biodiversity Report by :
Download or read book State of the Arctic Marine Biodiversity Report written by and published by Government Printing Office. This book was released on 2017 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first report of the Circumpolar Biodiversity Monitoring Program (CBMP) to summarize status and trends in biotic elements in the arctic marine environment. The effort has identified knowledge gaps in circumpolar biodiversity monitoring. CBMP is the cornerstone program of Conservation of Arctic Flora and Fauna (CAFF).
Download or read book The Barents Sea written by Tore Jakobsen and published by Akademika Pub. This book was released on 2011 with total page 832 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The joint management of Norway and Russia in the Barents Sea has been successful in conserving the living marine resources and is a major factor contributing to the present rich fisheries in the area. The basis for this conservation success is scientific research, which, to a large extent, has been conducted through a long-lasting co-operation between Russian and Norwegian scientists that has expanded greatly over the past half century. Based on joint Russian-Norwegian authorships, this monumental book celebrates the scientific co-operation by reflecting on the historical development and the scientific methods applied, and by offering a comprehensive presentation of the vast knowledge of the Barents Sea resources and ecosystem obtained through these co-operative efforts.
Book Synopsis Feeding Ecology of Fish by : Shelby D. Gerking
Download or read book Feeding Ecology of Fish written by Shelby D. Gerking and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-04-25 with total page 443 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Feeding Ecology of Fish establishes a comprehensive framework for the variable ecological patterns exemplified by feeding fishes. The author, a former president of the American Fisheries Society, devotes special attention to synthesizing empirical studies in categorizing feeding patterns. This book shows how remarkably adaptable fish can be with regard to selecting food, often from trophic levels not usually occupied. Relying on a thorough literature survey, Feeding Ecology of Fish will be an invaluable reference for both fishery scientists and ecological theorists. - Organization by trophic level - Emphasis on empirical studies - Broad coverage of a diverse field
Book Synopsis The Nordic Seas by : Burton G. Hurdle
Download or read book The Nordic Seas written by Burton G. Hurdle and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 788 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: " ... as soon as one has traversed the greater part of the wild sea, one comes upon such a huge quantity of ice that nowhere in the whole world has the like been known." "This ice is of a wonderful nature. It lies at times quite still, as one would expect, with openings or large fjords in it; but sometimes its movement is so strong and rapid as to equal that of a ship running before the wind, and it drifts against the wind as often as with it." Kongespeilet - 1250 A.D. ("The Mirror of Kings") Modern societies require increasing amounts influence on the water mass and on the resulting of scientific information about the environment total environment of the region; therefore, cer tain of its characteristics will necessarily be in whieh they live and work. For the seas this information must describe the air above the sea, included.
Book Synopsis Responding to Oil Spills in the U.S. Arctic Marine Environment by : National Research Council
Download or read book Responding to Oil Spills in the U.S. Arctic Marine Environment written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2014-08-01 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: U.S. Arctic waters north of the Bering Strait and west of the Canadian border encompass a vast area that is usually ice covered for much of the year, but is increasingly experiencing longer periods and larger areas of open water due to climate change. Sparsely inhabited with a wide variety of ecosystems found nowhere else, this region is vulnerable to damage from human activities. As oil and gas, shipping, and tourism activities increase, the possibilities of an oil spill also increase. How can we best prepare to respond to such an event in this challenging environment? Responding to Oil Spills in the U.S. Arctic Marine Environment reviews the current state of the science regarding oil spill response and environmental assessment in the Arctic region north of the Bering Strait, with emphasis on the potential impacts in U.S. waters. This report describes the unique ecosystems and environment of the Arctic and makes recommendations to provide an effective response effort in these challenging conditions. According to Responding to Oil Spills in the U.S. Arctic Marine Environment, a full range of proven oil spill response technologies is needed in order to minimize the impacts on people and sensitive ecosystems. This report identifies key oil spill research priorities, critical data and monitoring needs, mitigation strategies, and important operational and logistical issues. The Arctic acts as an integrating, regulating, and mediating component of the physical, atmospheric and cryospheric systems that govern life on Earth. Not only does the Arctic serve as regulator of many of the Earth's large-scale systems and processes, but it is also an area where choices made have substantial impact on life and choices everywhere on planet Earth. This report's recommendations will assist environmentalists, industry, state and local policymakers, and anyone interested in the future of this special region to preserve and protect it from damaging oil spills.
Book Synopsis The Ecosystem of Kongsfjorden, Svalbard by : Haakon Hop
Download or read book The Ecosystem of Kongsfjorden, Svalbard written by Haakon Hop and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-06-19 with total page 562 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses in detail on all ecologically important aspects of the Kongsfjorden system such as the marine and atmospheric environment including long-term monitoring, Ecophysiology of individual species, structure and function of the ecosystem, ecological processes and biological communities. The contributed articles include review articles and research articles that have a wider approach and bring the current research up-to-date. This book will form a baseline for future work.
Book Synopsis Sex- and Age-Dependent Differences and Habitat Influences on Demersal Arctic Cod, Boreogadus Saida (Lepechin 1774) Diet and Energy Allocation in the Canadian Beaufort Sea by : Brittany Lynn
Download or read book Sex- and Age-Dependent Differences and Habitat Influences on Demersal Arctic Cod, Boreogadus Saida (Lepechin 1774) Diet and Energy Allocation in the Canadian Beaufort Sea written by Brittany Lynn and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Arctic Cod, Boreogadus saida (Lepechin 1774) occur throughout the circumpolar north at all levels of the water column depending on their life history stage, the time of day, the season, and their activity. Arctic Cod are the most abundant fish species in the Canadian Beaufort Sea (CBS) ecosystem, and are an important link in the flow of energy within the food web. This study examined differences in energy acquisition and usage in Arctic Cod among three depth zones in the CBS (from 15-800m) by examining stomach contents and physiological indicators, taking into account sex, age and body size. Nonparametric comparison analyses found no differences with depth, but support for an ontogenetic shift in diet regarding prey size, a difference in energy content of an average diet between size classes 1 (30-60mm) and 2-4 (2: 60-90mm; 3: 90-120mm; 4: >120mm), and a slight positive relationship between physiological indicators and body size.
Book Synopsis Diet of Polar Cod, Boreogadus Saida, in the Barents Sea Related to Fish Size and Geographical Distribution by : Adnan M. Ajiad
Download or read book Diet of Polar Cod, Boreogadus Saida, in the Barents Sea Related to Fish Size and Geographical Distribution written by Adnan M. Ajiad and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Fisheries Acoustics by : D.N. MacLennan
Download or read book Fisheries Acoustics written by D.N. MacLennan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Summary of the Natural History and Ecology of the Arctic Cod (Boreogadus Saida) by : Aaron D. Sekerak
Download or read book Summary of the Natural History and Ecology of the Arctic Cod (Boreogadus Saida) written by Aaron D. Sekerak and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
