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Author : Philip M. McDonald
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (122 download)
Download or read book Development of Vegetation in a Young Ponderosa Pine Plantation :. written by Philip M. McDonald and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Philip M. McDonald
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 24 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 ( download)
Download or read book Timing and Duration of Release Affect Vegetation Development in a Young Ponderosa Pine Plantation written by Philip M. McDonald and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Gary O. Fiddler
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 12 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 ( download)
Download or read book Treatment Duration and Time Since Disturbance Affect Vegetation Development in a Young Ponderosa Pine Plantation written by Gary O. Fiddler and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Philip M. McDonald
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 23 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (93 download)
Download or read book Development of Vegetation in a Young Ponderosa Pine Plantation written by Philip M. McDonald and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The density and development of deerbrush (Ceanothus integerrimus Hook. & Arn.), other shrubs, forbs, graminoids, and ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex Laws. var. ponderosa) seedlings were evaluated in a young plantation in northern California from 1988 through 1997. Treatment regimes consisted of manual release (grubbing) over 3 to 6 years and resulted in vegetation recovery times of 4 to 10 years. Revegetation was remarkably diverse, rapid, and vigorous. At the end of the study, the dominant shrub, deerbrush, had significantly lower average density and foliar cover relative to the control when treated either the first 3 years or the second 3 years, but average height was similar regardless of treatment. Average density of the 11 other shrubs was statistically higher in the control relative to other treatments, but cover and height did not differ. Density, foliar cover, and height of the forbs and graminoids did not differ among treatments at the end of the study. In the control, deerbrush plants numbered 6,100 per acre; other shrubs, 2,550 per acre; forbs, 27,300 per acre; and graminoids, 5,800 plants per acre in 1997. Foliar cover of deerbrush at 22,700 ft2 per acre was more than five times that of all other naturally established species combined and slightly exceeded that of pine seedlings in all treatments.
Author : Philip M. McDonald
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 24 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)
Download or read book Vegetation Trends in a Young Ponderosa Pine Plantation Treated by Manual Release and Mulching written by Philip M. McDonald and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Philip M. McDonald
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 32 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)
Download or read book Competing Vegetation in Ponderosa Pine Plantations written by Philip M. McDonald and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Planted ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex Laws. var. ponderosa) seedlings in young plantations in California are at a disadvantage compared with competing shrubs, forbs, and grasses. In many instances, roots of competing plants begin expanding and exploiting the soil earlier and in greater numbers, thereby capturing the majority of available resources and lowering pine survival and growth. Competition thresholds or "how much is too much?" are: for treatments where a cleared radius is prescribed, no weeds are acceptable within the space needed for maximum growth of pine seedlings during the establishment period; for treatments involving the entire area, crown cover values of 10 to 30 percent seem to be the level beyond which shrub competition significantly affects pine growth. Methods for preparing the site, which include mechanical and chemical methods, use of fire, and combinations of treatments, show the interaction of site and ensuing vegetation. Techniques for controlling competing vegetation from seed include preventing such plants from getting started by use of preemergent herbicides or mats (collars). To prevent sprouting, hardwood trees and large shrubs can be pushed over, thereby getting the root crown out of the ground, or if still in the soil, grinding it out with a machine. Once present, the effect of weeds from seed can be minimized by grubbing or spraying when young, by grazing plants with cattle or sheep, or by introducing plants of low competitive ability. Once sprouting weeds are present, their effect can be minimized by spraying with chemicals, or if palatable, by grazing with cattle or sheep. Costs range from as low as $10 per acre ($25/ha) for aerially applying herbicides to $711 per acre ($1757/ha) for grinding out tanoak stumps.
Author : Gary O. Fiddler
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 12 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 ( download)
Download or read book Treatment Duration and Time Since Disturbance Affect Vegetation Development in a Young Ponderosa Pine Plantation written by Gary O. Fiddler and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Philip M McDonald
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 15 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (478 download)
Download or read book Timing and Duration of Release Affect Vegetation Development in a Young Ponderosa Pine Plantation written by Philip M McDonald and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Gary Fiddler
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 8 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (45 download)
Download or read book Treatment Duration and Time Since Disturbance Affect Vegetation Development in a Young Ponderosa Pine Plantation written by Gary Fiddler and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Philip M. McDonald
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (248 download)
Download or read book Timing and Duration of Release Affect Vegetation Development in a Young Ponderosa Pine Plantation written by Philip M. McDonald and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Philip M. McDonald
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 44 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)
Download or read book Vegetation Trends in a 31-year-old Ponderosa Pine Plantation written by Philip M. McDonald and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : William W. Oliver
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 28 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)
Download or read book Growth models for ponderosa pine written by William W. Oliver and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Yields for high-survival, unthinned ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Laws.) plantations in northern California are estimated. Stems of 367 trees in 12 plantations were analyzed to produce a growth model simulating stand yields. Diameter, basal area, and net cubic volume yields by Site Indices, 40 through 120 are tabulated for stands ranging in age between 10 and 50 years and in spacing between 6 by 6 and 12 by 12 feet. Tables also show diameter distributions by crown classes and stem volumes in cubic feet for plantation-grown ponderosa pine. These data provide both a standard with which to compare the effects of management decisions, and a performance goal.
Author : Philip M. McDonald
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 16 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)
Download or read book Ponderosa Pine Seedlings and Competing Vegetation written by Philip M. McDonald and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Foresters often need information on the cost effectiveness of manual and chemical release treatments for individual and combined species in young mixed-shrub communities. A study in northern Califomia evaluated five manual and chemical treatments and their effect on several shrubs and grasses. Treatments were grubbing at age 1 to 2- and 4 ft (0.6- and 1.2-m) radii, regrubbing and expanding the 2-ft radii to 4 ft, regrubbing and expanding the 4-ft radii to 6 A (1.8 m) at age 4, and applying Velpar herbicide to the entire plot at age 2. Five years after initial manual release and 4 years after chemical release, ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex Laws. var. ponderosa) stem caliper at 12 in. (30 cm) above mean ground line differed significantly between Velpar and the untreated control, 2-ft radius, 4-ft radius, and 2-ft radius expanded to 4 ft. Expanding the radius from 4 to 6 feet provided a pine stem caliper that differed significantly from that in the control, and the 2-ft and 4-ft radii treatments. Additional analyses with ponderosa pine seedling height also indicated significant differences among treatmenu that were generally similar to those above. Differences among the six treatments, which are presented in 15 comparisons of stem caliper and treatment production rates, provide forest managers with growth and cost comparisons, and should aid them in selecting the release treatment best suited to their particular situation.
Author : L. J. Heidmann
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 6 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)
Download or read book Thirty-year Growth and Yield of a Ponderosa Pine Plantation in Arizona written by L. J. Heidmann and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Robert F. Powers
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 18 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)
Download or read book Ponderosa pine response to fertilization written by Robert F. Powers and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First-year results of fertilization in a young ponderosa pine plantation on two contrasting soils were analyzed. Trees testing low in foliar nitrogen responded strongly to fertilization where brush had been removed, but failed to respond if brush remained. Height growth was doubled by certain treatment combinations on the less fertile Mariposa soil, but was not influenced by treatment on the more fertile Cohasset. Brush removal increased needle weight for trees on both soils. Increases in foliar biomass and nitrogen content of trees on treated plots suggest that rapid growth rates will continue.
Author : James Willis Barrett
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 12 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)
Download or read book Large-crowned Planted Ponderosa Pine Respond Well to Thinning written by James Willis Barrett and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Gary Fiddler
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 20 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)
Download or read book Mechanical and Chemical Release in a 12-year-old Ponderosa Pine Plantation written by Gary Fiddler and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
