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Development Of A Synoptic Map Pattern Climatology To Supplement Current Weather Forecasting Methods
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Book Synopsis Development of a Synoptic Map-pattern Climatology to Supplement Current Weather Forecasting Methods by : Melissa Dawn Frey
Download or read book Development of a Synoptic Map-pattern Climatology to Supplement Current Weather Forecasting Methods written by Melissa Dawn Frey and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many meteorologists rely heavily on their experience of past weather events to supplement their forecasting tools, such as using past experience to help decide between conflicting numerical weather prediction models. Experiential knowledge is an important piece of forecasting, however it is highly subjective and variable from one forecaster to another. In efforts to replace this experiential knowledge with a more objective record, this thesis explains how a synoptic map-pattern climatology was created and how it could be used as a contribution to weather forecasting methods. Creating the map-pattern climatology was a two step process: first atmospheric flow patterns at the 500-millibar level for the selected region were categorized by type; and second surface level weather data were correlated with the map-types found. The atmospheric flow patterns over the Pacific Northwest region were found using a correlation-based method. Each day during the winter months of December, January, and February for the past 58 years was categorized by map-type. This resulted in 5,235 days that were classified into 20 distinct map-type groups. Once the map-types were found, temperature, precipitation, and snowfall data from stations throughout Oregon and Washington were then correlated to the map-type data. The weather data were calculated for three spatial scales: an average of Oregon and Washington combined; average by Oregon climate zone; and for a single city. It was found that each map-type is associated with a unique weather environment at the surface. As an additional study, the distribution of map-types during El Niño and La Niña years was studied in combination with the surface weather data. It was found that El Niño and La Niña years have quite different map-type distributions compared to normal years, and the weather resulting at the surface was also far from average. Once completed, this Pacific Northwest climatology provided a record of the most common flow patterns and resulting weather at the surface. If distributed in a format in which current atmospheric flow data could be compared to historical map-type data, this synoptic map-pattern climatology could be used as a forecasting tool. In order for this information to replace the previously relied upon experiential knowledge, it would be necessary to know the forecast day's projected map-type along with the historical surface weather data associated with that map-type. If distributed in this way, weather forecasters would have easy access to what has happened historically with any given map-type, thus replacing their variable and subjective experiential knowledge with an objective and accurate record.
Book Synopsis Temporal Climatology and Anomalous Weather Analysis by : Weihong Qian
Download or read book Temporal Climatology and Anomalous Weather Analysis written by Weihong Qian and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-02-20 with total page 697 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By breaking down atmospheric variables into temporal climatologies and anomalies, this book demonstrates that all weather extremes and climatic events are directly associated with the anomaly component of atmospheric motion. We can use the anomaly-based synoptic chart and dynamical parameters to objectively describe these extremes and events. The conception and differences of weather, climate and general circulation tend to confuse us, because there are no clear physical definitions available for them. Weather extremes such as heat waves, cold surges, freezing rains, heavy rains, severe drought, unusual storm tracks, and tornados are common on our planet’s surface. Climatic events such as Arctic warming and declining sea ice have become hot topics in recent years. An approach based on breaking down total variables into temporal climatologies and anomalies can be used to identify general circulation, analyze climatic anomalies and forecast weather extremes. Accordingly, this book will appeal to students, teachers and forecasters in the field of weather and climate alike.
Book Synopsis Application of Synoptic Climatology and Short-range Numerical Prediction to Five-day Forecasting by : William H. Klein
Download or read book Application of Synoptic Climatology and Short-range Numerical Prediction to Five-day Forecasting written by William H. Klein and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Five-day mean and daily meteorological data observed since 1949 are analyzed empirically in order to derive useful climatological and forecasting relationships between surface weather elements and the circulation pattern. The synoptic climatology of 5-day precipitation, surface temperature, 700-1000-mb. thickness, and sea level pressure is investigated by constructing fields of simple linear correlation between these elements and the simultaneous anomaly of 700-mb. height over North American and adjacent oceans. The relation of precipitation and temperature to the field of sea level pressure is studied in a similar fashion. On the basis of the analogy are drawn concerning the association between each weather element and other meteorological factors. Schematic models are then constructed showing preferred portions of the circulation pattern at 700-mb. and sea level for opposite extremes of weather in different parts of the United States.
Book Synopsis Development of a Synoptic Weather Pattern Climatology of the Pacific Northwest by : Philip L. Barbour
Download or read book Development of a Synoptic Weather Pattern Climatology of the Pacific Northwest written by Philip L. Barbour and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Synoptic Climatology; Methods and Applications by : Roger Graham Barry
Download or read book Synoptic Climatology; Methods and Applications written by Roger Graham Barry and published by Methuen Publishing. This book was released on 1973 with total page 562 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :Division on Earth and Life Studies Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309259770 Total Pages :252 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (92 download)
Book Synopsis A National Strategy for Advancing Climate Modeling by : Division on Earth and Life Studies
Download or read book A National Strategy for Advancing Climate Modeling written by Division on Earth and Life Studies and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-01-24 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As climate change has pushed climate patterns outside of historic norms, the need for detailed projections is growing across all sectors, including agriculture, insurance, and emergency preparedness planning. A National Strategy for Advancing Climate Modeling emphasizes the needs for climate models to evolve substantially in order to deliver climate projections at the scale and level of detail desired by decision makers, this report finds. Despite much recent progress in developing reliable climate models, there are still efficiencies to be gained across the large and diverse U.S. climate modeling community. Evolving to a more unified climate modeling enterprise-in particular by developing a common software infrastructure shared by all climate researchers and holding an annual climate modeling forum-could help speed progress. Throughout this report, several recommendations and guidelines are outlined to accelerate progress in climate modeling. The U.S. supports several climate models, each conceptually similar but with components assembled with slightly different software and data output standards. If all U.S. climate models employed a single software system, it could simplify testing and migration to new computing hardware, and allow scientists to compare and interchange climate model components, such as land surface or ocean models. A National Strategy for Advancing Climate Modeling recommends an annual U.S. climate modeling forum be held to help bring the nation's diverse modeling communities together with the users of climate data. This would provide climate model data users with an opportunity to learn more about the strengths and limitations of models and provide input to modelers on their needs and provide a venue for discussions of priorities for the national modeling enterprise, and bring disparate climate science communities together to design common modeling experiments. In addition, A National Strategy for Advancing Climate Modeling explains that U.S. climate modelers will need to address an expanding breadth of scientific problems while striving to make predictions and projections more accurate. Progress toward this goal can be made through a combination of increasing model resolution, advances in observations, improved model physics, and more complete representations of the Earth system. To address the computing needs of the climate modeling community, the report suggests a two-pronged approach that involves the continued use and upgrading of existing climate-dedicated computing resources at modeling centers, together with research on how to effectively exploit the more complex computer hardware systems expected over the next 10 to 20 years.
Book Synopsis Analysis of Climate Variability by : Hans v. Storch
Download or read book Analysis of Climate Variability written by Hans v. Storch and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: EUROPEAN SCHOOl OF CLiMATOlOGY AND NATURAL HAZARDS The training of scientific and technical personnel and the development of highly qualified scientists are, and have always been, among the important concerns of the European Commission. Advanced training is an important requirement for the implementation of a common EU policy in science and technology. The European School of Climatology and Natural Hazards was started as apart of the training and education activities of the European Programme on Climatology and Natural Hazards (EPOCH), and is continued under the subsequent research programme (ENVIRONMENT 1990-1994). The school consists of annual courses on specialised subjects within re search in climatology and natural hazards, and is open to graduating, grad uate and post graduate students in these fields. Each of the courses is organized in cooperation with a European Institu tion involved in the current research programme, and is aimed at giving to the students formal lectures and participation in informal discussions with leading researchers. The present volume is based on the lectures given at the course held on the island of Elba from the 30th October to the 6th of November 1993 on Statistical Analysis of Climate Variability. It features selected and extended presentations, and represents an important contribution to advanced studies in climate statistical analysis, supplementing more traditional texts. I trust that all those involved in research related to climate change and climate variability will appreciate this work and will benefit from the com prehensive and state-of-the-art information it provides.
Book Synopsis Seasonal Climate: Forecasting and Managing Risk by : Alberto Troccoli
Download or read book Seasonal Climate: Forecasting and Managing Risk written by Alberto Troccoli and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-02-22 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally formed around a set of lectures presented at a NATO Advanced Study Institute (ASI), this book has grown to become organised and presented rather more as a textbook than as a standard "collection of proceedings". This therefore is the first unified reference ‘textbook’ in seasonal to interannual climate predictions and their practical uses. Written by some of the world’s leading experts, the book covers a rapidly-developing science of prime social concern.
Book Synopsis ESSA Science and Engineering by : United States. Environmental Science Services Administration
Download or read book ESSA Science and Engineering written by United States. Environmental Science Services Administration and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Empirical Methods in Short-Term Climate Prediction by : Huug van den Dool
Download or read book Empirical Methods in Short-Term Climate Prediction written by Huug van den Dool and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2006-12-07 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This clear, accessible text describes the methods and advances in short-term climate prediction at time scales of 2 weeks to a year. With an emphasis on the prediction methods themselves and the use of observations, the text is ideal for students and researchers in Meteorology, Atmospheric Science, Geoscience, Mathematics, Statistics and Physics.
Book Synopsis Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports by :
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 1008 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lists citations with abstracts for aerospace related reports obtained from world wide sources and announces documents that have recently been entered into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information Database.
Book Synopsis ESSA Science and Engineering, July 1, 1967 to June 30, 1969 by : United States. Environmental Science Services Administration
Download or read book ESSA Science and Engineering, July 1, 1967 to June 30, 1969 written by United States. Environmental Science Services Administration and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Regional Climate Change Predictions from the Goddard Institute for Space Studies High Resolution Gcm by : National Aeronautics and Space Adm Nasa
Download or read book Regional Climate Change Predictions from the Goddard Institute for Space Studies High Resolution Gcm written by National Aeronautics and Space Adm Nasa and published by . This book was released on 2018-10-18 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Model simulations of global climate change are seen as an essential component of any program aimed at understanding human impact on the global environment. A major weakness of current general circulation models (GCMs), however, is their inability to predict reliably the regional consequences of a global scale change, and it is these regional scale predictions that are necessary for studies of human/environmental response. This research is directed toward the development of a methodology for the validation of the synoptic scale climatology of GCMs. This is developed with regard to the Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) GCM Model 2, with the specific objective of using the synoptic circulation form a doubles CO2 simulation to estimate regional climate change over North America, south of Hudson Bay. This progress report is specifically concerned with validating the synoptic climatology of the GISS GCM, and developing the transfer function to derive grid-point temperatures from the synoptic circulation. Principal Components Analysis is used to characterize the primary modes of the spatial and temporal variability in the observed and simulated climate, and the model validation is based on correlations between component loadings, and power spectral analysis of the component scores. The results show that the high resolution GISS model does an excellent job of simulating the synoptic circulation over the U.S., and that grid-point temperatures can be predicted with reasonable accuracy from the circulation patterns. Crane, Robert G. and Hewitson, Bruce Unspecified Center NAG5-1133...
Book Synopsis Application of Synoptic Climatology and Numerical Prediction to Extended and Daily Weather Forecasting by : William H. Klein
Download or read book Application of Synoptic Climatology and Numerical Prediction to Extended and Daily Weather Forecasting written by William H. Klein and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Operational Weather Forecasting by : Peter Michael Inness
Download or read book Operational Weather Forecasting written by Peter Michael Inness and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a complete primer, covering the end-to-end process of forecast production, and bringing together a description of all the relevant aspects together in a single volume; with plenty of explanation of some of the more complex issues and examples of current, state-of-the-art practices. Operational Weather Forecasting covers the whole process of forecast production, from understanding the nature of the forecasting problem, gathering the observational data with which to initialise and verify forecasts, designing and building a model (or models) to advance those initial conditions forwards in time and then interpreting the model output and putting it into a form which is relevant to customers of weather forecasts. Included is the generation of forecasts on the monthly-to-seasonal timescales, often excluded in text-books despite this type of forecasting having been undertaken for several years. This is a rapidly developing field, with a lot of variations in practices between different forecasting centres. Thus the authors have tried to be as generic as possible when describing aspects of numerical model design and formulation. Despite the reliance on NWP, the human forecaster still has a big part to play in producing weather forecasts and this is described, along with the issue of forecast verification – how forecast centres measure their own performance and improve upon it. Advanced undergraduates and postgraduate students will use this book to understand how the theory comes together in the day-to-day applications of weather forecast production. In addition, professional weather forecasting practitioners, professional users of weather forecasts and trainers will all find this new member of the RMetS Advancing Weather and Climate series a valuable tool. Provides an end-to-end description of the weather forecasting process Clearly structured and pitched at an accessible level, the book discusses the practical choices that operational forecasting centres have to make in terms of what numerical models they use and when they are run. Takes a very practical approach, using real life case-studies to contextualize information Discusses the latest advances in the area, including ensemble methods, monthly to seasonal range prediction and use of ‘nowcasting’ tools such as radar and satellite imagery Full colour throughout Written by a highly respected team of authors with experience in both academia and practice. Part of the RMetS book series ‘Advancing Weather and Climate’
Book Synopsis Selected Water Resources Abstracts by :
Download or read book Selected Water Resources Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 962 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Development of Atmospheric General Circulation Models by : Leo Donner
Download or read book The Development of Atmospheric General Circulation Models written by Leo Donner and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-03-01 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presenting a comprehensive discussion of general circulation models of the atmosphere, this book covers their historical and contemporary development, their societal context, and current efforts to integrate these models into wider earth-system models. Leading researchers provide unique perspectives on the scientific breakthroughs, overarching themes, critical applications, and future prospects for atmospheric general circulation models. Key interdisciplinary links to other subject areas such as chemistry, oceanography and ecology are also highlighted. This book is a core reference for academic researchers and professionals involved in atmospheric physics, meteorology and climate science, and can be used as a resource for graduate-level courses in climate modeling and numerical weather prediction. Given the critical role that atmospheric general circulation models are playing in the intense public discourse on climate change, it is also a valuable resource for policy makers and all those concerned with the scientific basis for the ongoing public-policy debate.
