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Development Of A New Composite School Bus Test Cycle And The Effect Of Fuel Type On Mobile Emissions From Three School Buses
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Book Synopsis Development of a New Composite School Bus Test Cycle and the Effect of Fuel Type on Mobile Emissions from Three School Buses by : J. Hearne
Download or read book Development of a New Composite School Bus Test Cycle and the Effect of Fuel Type on Mobile Emissions from Three School Buses written by J. Hearne and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis School Bus Idling and Mobile Diesel Emissions Testing by : Jason Scott Hearne
Download or read book School Bus Idling and Mobile Diesel Emissions Testing written by Jason Scott Hearne and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Annual Index/abstracts of SAE Technical Papers by :
Download or read book Annual Index/abstracts of SAE Technical Papers written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 1016 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Development of a Standard Austin School Bus Driving Cycle and Application to Compare Emissions and Fuel Consumption of a Plug-in Hybrid School Bus and a Conventional School Bus by : Kyung Jin Kim
Download or read book Development of a Standard Austin School Bus Driving Cycle and Application to Compare Emissions and Fuel Consumption of a Plug-in Hybrid School Bus and a Conventional School Bus written by Kyung Jin Kim and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To conduct testing for vehicle emissions and fuel economy comparisons, regardless of the vehicle sizes, the chassis dynamometer testing method is an almost universal test methodology. However, in the case of heavy-duty vehicles, chassis dynamometer testing is not always a convenient way unlike light-duty vehicles, especially in the aspects of cost and availability. In this study, a new technique is proposed and implemented for a plug-in hybrid school bus and a brand new conventional diesel school bus, for a comparison of emissions and fuel economy. Both buses are owned, and operated by the Department of Transportation of the Austin Independent School District (AISD). One aspect of this new technique is shared with the conventional method for comparing emissions and fuel economy: standard driving cycle development. However, with the new technique, the emissions are measured and the fuel consumption rate is logged (from the on-board computer) simultaneously with the vehicle speed. After the newly established standard driving cycle has been generated, the researcher picks matching micro-trips from all of the logged data. The reconstructed driving cycle for the plug-in hybrid school bus had an overall correlation coefficient of 99.81% relative to the standard driving cycle, and the reconstructed driving cycle for the normal diesel school bus had an overall correlation coefficient of 94.41%. The NOx emissions and fuel injection rate data for these reconstructed driving cycles were then corrected according to EPA and/or SAE standards. The results showed that the plug-in hybrid school bus emits 25% less NOx and has 42% better fuel economy than the normal bus. The fuel economy results obtained from the ~29 minute long Austin school bus standard driving cycle matched the average fuel economy from AISD records within 5.8%, illustrating the accuracy of this new technique. The overall energy costs for operation of these buses were also analyzed, and the plug-in hybrid school bus (accounting for the cost of the electricity used to recharge the batteries twice each workday) showed benefits unless the diesel fuel price, which is tax-free for public school districts in Texas, is lower than $1.15/gallon. If the diesel fuel price is to increase continuously in the future, the plug-in hybrid school bus will become a more attractive option as a substitute for conventional diesel school buses.
Download or read book Chemical Engineering Progress written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 934 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Drive Cycle Analysis, Measurement of Emissions and Fuel Consumption of a PHEV School Bus by : Robb Barnitt
Download or read book Drive Cycle Analysis, Measurement of Emissions and Fuel Consumption of a PHEV School Bus written by Robb Barnitt and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) technology may reduce fuel consumption and tailpipe emissions in many medium- and heavy-duty vehicles, including school buses. The true magnitude of these reductions is best assessed by comparative testing over relevant drive cycles. The National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) collected and analyzed real-world school bus drive cycle data, and selected similar standard drive cycles for testing on a chassis dynamometer. NREL tested a first-generation PHEV school bus equipped with a 6.4 L engine and an Enova PHEV drive system comprising a 25-kW/80 kW (continuous/peak) motor and a 370-volt lithium ion battery pack. For a baseline comparison, a Bluebird 7.2 L conventional school bus was also tested. Both vehicles were tested over three different drive cycles to capture a range of driving activity. Relative to the baseline school bus, the PHEV fuel savings in charge-depleting (CD) mode ranged from slightly more than 30% on the Urban Dynamometer Driving Schedule for Heavy Duty Vehicles and Rowan University Composite School Bus Cycle drive cycles to a little over 50% on the Orange County Bus cycle. However, the larger fuel savings lasted over a shorter driving distance, as the fully charged PHEV school bus would initially operate in CD mode for some distance, then in a transitional mode and finally in a charge-sustaining (CS) mode for continued driving. The test results indicate that a PHEV school bus can achieve significant fuel savings during CD operation relative to a conventional bus. In CS mode, the tested bus showed small fuel savings and somewhat higher nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions than the baseline comparison bus. Further refinements to realize hybridization fuel savings in CS mode and calibrations focused on reducing NOx could lead to both higher fuel economy and lower NOx emissions in the next generation PHEV bus design.
Book Synopsis Development of an Ultra-safe, Ultra-low Emissions Natural Gas Fueled School Bus by :
Download or read book Development of an Ultra-safe, Ultra-low Emissions Natural Gas Fueled School Bus written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 55 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report documents work conducted under Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) Project 03-6871, ''Development of an Ultra-Safe and Low-Emission Dedicated Alternative Fuel School Bus.'' The project was sponsored by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) under Subcontract No. ZCF-5-13519-01. This report documents Phase 3 -- Integration and Phase 4 -- Demonstration and serves as the final report for this project. Phase 1 -- Systems Design and Phase 2 -- Prototype Hardware Development were documented in NREL publications TP-425-7609 and TP-425-2 1081, respectively. Several significant areas of work are summarized in this report. Integration of the engine technologies developed under Phase 2 into a production Deere 8.1-L, spark-ignition compressed natural gas engine is detailed, including information on the engine and control system modifications that were made. Federal Test Procedure (FTP) emissions results verifying the ultra-low emissions output of this engine are also included. The informal project goal of producing oxides of nitrogen (NO(subscript x)) emissions less than or equal to 1.0 g/bhp-hr over the FTP heavy-duty engine cycle was attained. In addition, a test run that resulted in less than one half of the Ultra-Low Emissions Vehicle limit for NO(subscript x) plus non-methane hydrocarbons was obtained. These results were for engine-out (no catalyst) emissions. Results using a catalyst produced very low formaldehyde emissions and virtually zero carbon monoxide and particulate matter emissions. Following these excellent results, a duplicate engine was assembled and integrated into the prototype ultra-safe school bus, the Envirobus 2000. Many of the new and modified subsystems developed during this project for the engine are considered strong candidates for inclusion into the production Deere 8.1-L gas engine in the near future.
Book Synopsis Transportation Energy Data Book by :
Download or read book Transportation Energy Data Book written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Technical Literature Abstracts by : Society of Automotive Engineers
Download or read book Technical Literature Abstracts written by Society of Automotive Engineers and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 664 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Development of a Unitized School Bus. Volume I - Summary Report. Final Report by : L. Adams
Download or read book Development of a Unitized School Bus. Volume I - Summary Report. Final Report written by L. Adams and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Chemical Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 2616 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Effect of Alternative Fuels and Aftertreatment Devices on Measured Mobile School Bus Emissions by : Andrew Todd Toback
Download or read book The Effect of Alternative Fuels and Aftertreatment Devices on Measured Mobile School Bus Emissions written by Andrew Todd Toback and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Development of an Ultra-safe, Ultra-low Emissions Natural Gas-fueled School Bus by : J. Kubesh
Download or read book Development of an Ultra-safe, Ultra-low Emissions Natural Gas-fueled School Bus written by J. Kubesh and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Tires and Passenger Vehicle Fuel Economy by :
Download or read book Tires and Passenger Vehicle Fuel Economy written by and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2006 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Development of an Ultra-safe, Ultra-low Emissions Natural Gas Fueled School Bus by : J. T. Kubesh
Download or read book Development of an Ultra-safe, Ultra-low Emissions Natural Gas Fueled School Bus written by J. T. Kubesh and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Development of an Ultra-safe, Ultra-low Emissions Natural Gas-fueled School Bus by : J. Kubesh
Download or read book Development of an Ultra-safe, Ultra-low Emissions Natural Gas-fueled School Bus written by J. Kubesh and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Development of an Ultra-safe, Ultra-low Emissions Natural Gas-fueled School Bus, Phase I by : J. Kubesh
Download or read book Development of an Ultra-safe, Ultra-low Emissions Natural Gas-fueled School Bus, Phase I written by J. Kubesh and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
