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Developing Tsunami Resilient Communities
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Book Synopsis Developing Tsunami-Resilient Communities by : E.N. Bernard
Download or read book Developing Tsunami-Resilient Communities written by E.N. Bernard and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-08-11 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the world grieves over the catastrophic loss of humanity from the 26 December 2004 tsunami, we must resolve to learn from nature’s lessons. This issue provides a framework and a set of tools to develop communities that are resilient to tsunami. This collection of papers represents a starting point on our new journey toward a safer world. The history of tsunami hazard mitigation tracks well with the history of destructive tsunamis in the United States. Following the 1946 Alaska g- erated tsunami that killed 173 people in Hawaii, the Paci?c Tsunami Warning Center was established in Hawaii by a predecessor agency to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). Following the 1960 Chilean tsunami that killed 1,000 people in Chile, 61 in Hawaii, and 199 in Japan, the United States formed the Joint Tsunami Research E?ort (JTRE) and sta?ed the International Tsunami Information Center (ITIC) in Hawaii. JTRE was formed to conduct research on tsunamis while ITIC, sponsored by the United Nations, was formed to coordinate tsunami warning e?orts of the Paci?c Countries. Many research and mitigation e?orts were focused on the distant tsunami problem. Following the 1964 Alaskan t- nami that killed 117 in Alaska, 11 in California, and 4 in Oregon, the U. S. was confronted with the local tsunami problem. In response, the U. S. established the Alaska Tsunami Warning Center in Palmer, Alaska. In 1992, a Ms 7.
Book Synopsis Tsunami Warning and Preparedness by : National Research Council
Download or read book Tsunami Warning and Preparedness written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-04-01 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many coastal areas of the United States are at risk for tsunamis. After the catastrophic 2004 tsunami in the Indian Ocean, legislation was passed to expand U.S. tsunami warning capabilities. Since then, the nation has made progress in several related areas on both the federal and state levels. At the federal level, NOAA has improved the ability to detect and forecast tsunamis by expanding the sensor network. Other federal and state activities to increase tsunami safety include: improvements to tsunami hazard and evacuation maps for many coastal communities; vulnerability assessments of some coastal populations in several states; and new efforts to increase public awareness of the hazard and how to respond. Tsunami Warning and Preparedness explores the advances made in tsunami detection and preparedness, and identifies the challenges that still remain. The book describes areas of research and development that would improve tsunami education, preparation, and detection, especially with tsunamis that arrive less than an hour after the triggering event. It asserts that seamless coordination between the two Tsunami Warning Centers and clear communications to local officials and the public could create a timely and effective response to coastal communities facing a pending tsuanami. According to Tsunami Warning and Preparedness, minimizing future losses to the nation from tsunamis requires persistent progress across the broad spectrum of efforts including: risk assessment, public education, government coordination, detection and forecasting, and warning-center operations. The book also suggests designing effective interagency exercises, using professional emergency-management standards to prepare communities, and prioritizing funding based on tsunami risk.
Book Synopsis National Earthquake Resilience by : National Research Council
Download or read book National Earthquake Resilience written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-09-09 with total page 197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United States will certainly be subject to damaging earthquakes in the future. Some of these earthquakes will occur in highly populated and vulnerable areas. Coping with moderate earthquakes is not a reliable indicator of preparedness for a major earthquake in a populated area. The recent, disastrous, magnitude-9 earthquake that struck northern Japan demonstrates the threat that earthquakes pose. Moreover, the cascading nature of impacts-the earthquake causing a tsunami, cutting electrical power supplies, and stopping the pumps needed to cool nuclear reactors-demonstrates the potential complexity of an earthquake disaster. Such compound disasters can strike any earthquake-prone populated area. National Earthquake Resilience presents a roadmap for increasing our national resilience to earthquakes. The National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP) is the multi-agency program mandated by Congress to undertake activities to reduce the effects of future earthquakes in the United States. The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)-the lead NEHRP agency-commissioned the National Research Council (NRC) to develop a roadmap for earthquake hazard and risk reduction in the United States that would be based on the goals and objectives for achieving national earthquake resilience described in the 2008 NEHRP Strategic Plan. National Earthquake Resilience does this by assessing the activities and costs that would be required for the nation to achieve earthquake resilience in 20 years. National Earthquake Resilience interprets resilience broadly to incorporate engineering/science (physical), social/economic (behavioral), and institutional (governing) dimensions. Resilience encompasses both pre-disaster preparedness activities and post-disaster response. In combination, these will enhance the robustness of communities in all earthquake-vulnerable regions of our nation so that they can function adequately following damaging earthquakes. While National Earthquake Resilience is written primarily for the NEHRP, it also speaks to a broader audience of policy makers, earth scientists, and emergency managers.
Book Synopsis The 2011 Japan Earthquake and Tsunami: Reconstruction and Restoration by : Vicente Santiago-Fandiño
Download or read book The 2011 Japan Earthquake and Tsunami: Reconstruction and Restoration written by Vicente Santiago-Fandiño and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-07-12 with total page 483 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers the restoration and reconstruction process and activities undertaken in Japan in the first five years since the 2011 Earthquake and Tsunami – a period widely considered to be the most intensive reconstruction phase within the 10-year restoration plan drawn up by the Japanese Government. The respective chapters explore technical, scientific, social and non-scientific (policy-related) aspects, including: reconstruction and restoration policies, infrastructure and designs for tsunami coastal defence, resilient urban areas and affected communities, housing and relocation schemes, disaster mitigation and evacuation measures, reactivation of the economy, revitalization of fisheries and coastal agriculture, and industry and tourism. The book also illustrates some of the achievements and failures in a broad range of projects and initiatives intended to address the above-mentioned issues, making it particularly relevant for experts, decision makers, students and other interested scholars.
Book Synopsis Educating for Sustainability in Japan by : Jane Singer
Download or read book Educating for Sustainability in Japan written by Jane Singer and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-10-04 with total page 471 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Educating for Sustainable Development (ESD) approaches are holistic and interdisciplinary, values-driven, participatory, multi-method, locally relevant and emphasize critical thinking and problem-solving. This book explains how ESD approaches work in the Japanese context; their effects on different stakeholders; and their ultimate potential contribution to society in Japan. It considers ESD in both formal and informal education sectors, recognizing that even when classroom learning takes place it must be place-based and predicated on a specific community context. The book explores not only ‘Why ESD’, but why and how ESD in Japan has gained importance in the past decade and more recently in the wake of the triple disaster of March 2011. It considers how ESD can help Japan recover and adapt to disasters and take initiative in building more resilient and sustainable communities. This volume asks the questions: What are some examples of positive contributions by ESD to sustainability in Japan? What is the role of ESD in Japan in activating people to demand and work towards change? How can schools, universities and non-governmental organizations link with communities to strengthen civic awareness and community action? After an introduction that elucidates the roots and recent promotion of ESD in Japan, part one of this volume looks at the formal education sector in Japan, while part two examines community-based education and sustainability initiatives. The latter revisits the Tohoku region five years on from the events of March 2011, to explore recovery and revitalization efforts by schools, NGOs and residents. This is an invaluable book for postgraduate students, researchers, teachers and policy makers working on ESD.
Book Synopsis Tsunami Risk Reduction for the United States by :
Download or read book Tsunami Risk Reduction for the United States written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Developing Tools to Improve Tsunami Resilient Design of Coastal Structures by : Seth Alan Thomas
Download or read book Developing Tools to Improve Tsunami Resilient Design of Coastal Structures written by Seth Alan Thomas and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 87 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last decade the world has seen three major tsunamis strike the coasts of Indonesia, Samoa, and Chile. These tsunamis have caused significant losses of life and property on the coastal cities of these and nearby countries. The NEES (Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation) Housesmash project was created to look at some of the specific effects of the inundation phase of a tsunami. Specifically the Housesmash2 project, which was conducted at the O.H. Hinsdale Wave Lab at Oregon State University, looked at several different hazards and mitigation techniques for tsunami resilient design. Some of the research from this project will be presented in the following two manuscripts, each based on a small part of the project. The first manuscript looks at the effect of small finite width engineered seawalls which can be used as a mitigation technique to reduce tsunami induced loads such as hydrodynamic drag by deflecting the incoming water over and/or around the wall, thus reducing the bore energy. In this experiment 5 unique wall heights, cross shore locations, and wave heights were systematically varied to determine the effects of each. From this, the most and least important factors can be determined, which will help to design walls that are the most efficient in reducing tsunami loads. The tests showed that seawalls can substantially reduce the hydrodynamic loads, a reduction factor as big as 0.1(90% reduction) was observed during testing. These results agree very well with published field reconnaissance reports from the 2004 Sumatra tsunami. To make this research useful for design engineers, equations were developed to predict the reduction in hydrodynamic load on a structure. These equations use the offshore wave size, bore height, wall height, and location to determine the reduction factor. The second manuscript looks at the potently catastrophic effects of debris impact, specifically impact from shipping containers. For this experiment 1:25 scaled shipping containers were built to 7 different weights corresponding to 45% to 112% of scaled weight of the ISO (International Organization for Standardization) legal limit of 30,400kg. During this experiment the mass, cross-shore starting location, starting orientation, and offshore wave height were varied to better understand the effects of each. Impact forces were recorded on a 1:25 scale model of a proposed tsunami evacuation facility with open columns on the ground level. The containers were tracked as they traversed across the beach and impacted the structure using newly developed optical methods. Several published methods of predicting impact forces were tested against the experimental data showing the accuracy of each. In addition new methods for predicting impact forces are proposed based off of further analysis of the data set recorded.
Download or read book Designing for Tsunamis written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cities at Risk written by Helene Joffe and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-27 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the major growth of the world’s population over the past century, as well as rapid urbanisation, people increasingly live in crowded cities. This trend is often accompanied by proliferation of poorly built housing, uncontrolled use of land, occupation of unsafe environments and overstretched services. When a natural hazard strikes such a city many people are vulnerable to loss of life and property. This book explores what these people think and feel about the threats that they face. How do they live with perils ranging from earthquakes to monsoons, from floods to hurricanes, in the 21st century? The authors are drawn from a large range of disciplines: Psychology, Engineering, Geography, Anthropology and Urban Planning. They also reflect on how perils are represented in multiple cultures: the United States, Japan, Turkey, Bangladesh, the United Kingdom and New Zealand. The book therefore not only brings to light the ways that different cultures represent natural hazards but also the different ways in which various disciplines write about living with perils in the 21st century. The book is addressed both to researchers and to organizations involved with risk management and risk mitigation.
Book Synopsis United States Tsunamis by : James F. Lander
Download or read book United States Tsunamis written by James F. Lander and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Tsunami written by Mohammad Mokhtari and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2020-12-23 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a collection of contributions from experts involved in tsunami study for the purpose of covering the different aspects from a tsunami at a local level, population health related to a tsunami disaster and early warning systems at a country level. The presented chapters, after being peer-reviewed, have been recommended to be accepted for publication. The content of the book consists of an introductory section that deals with the lessons learned from past tsunamis and today’s practice; the monitoring of tsunami damage using the polarimetric microwave remote sensing technique, and considering the local tsunami on Pakistan’s coast; the outbreak of devastating earthquakes; health consequences and medical provisions for the population and finally the risk of tsunamis in Mexico
Book Synopsis Building Resilient Communities Globally by : Kai Vetter
Download or read book Building Resilient Communities Globally written by Kai Vetter and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-05-28 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume examines how to build resilient communities worldwide through effective collaboration between scientists, educators, and community leaders. Grounded in ongoing scientific research and connected by international collaborations, it captures the complexities of integrating scientific research into practical emergency response and disaster preparedness policies. Building Resilient Communities Globally explores how cities around the world are tackling the biggest threats to their communities, while developing resilient populations. It focuses not only on lessons from Fukushima, but also for Fukushima and for communities worldwide. Multidisciplinary and international experts examine such questions as: What makes a community resilient? What aspects of resilience were demonstrated in the wake of the Fukushima accident? How can exposed social, economic, and physical vulnerabilities be addressed in future? They explore the impacts on communities, including physical threats and the less tangible social, health, and economic effects. They consider the opportunities provided by developing innovative technologies to enhance community resilience, while balancing such innovation with social, cultural, economic, and even political constructs and constraints. The volume also treats the challenging task of effectively communicating threats and risks to the general public and to community leaders, enabling engagement in preparation and mitigation activities, and creating the potential for rebuilding faster and stronger. Scientists, academics, educators, students, community leaders, and concerned citizen will find valuable lessons they can apply to create their own resilient communities.
Book Synopsis Building Community Resilience to Natural Disasters Through Partnership by :
Download or read book Building Community Resilience to Natural Disasters Through Partnership written by and published by UN. This book was released on 2008 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Project was launched in support of post-tsunami and earthquakes recovery efforts of affected and vulnerable communities in South-East Asia. This paper summarizes the project outcomes and consolidates the experiences and lessons learned from Governments in the region. It also presents comparative analyses of project outcomes and integration of key recommendations. Moreover, it intends to facilitate the adoption of local experiences elsewhere in the region and to promote meaningful partnerships.
Book Synopsis Resilient Post Disaster Recovery through Building Back Better by : Sandeeka Mannakkara
Download or read book Resilient Post Disaster Recovery through Building Back Better written by Sandeeka Mannakkara and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-12-07 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Building Back Better" (BBB) has been a popular slogan in disaster recovery efforts around the world, including the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami, the 2009 Samoan Tsunami, the 2010 Haiti Earthquake and the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake. BBB has recently been identified as one of four priorities of action for disaster risk reduction globally in the next 15 years by the United Nations Sendai Framework. However, there has consistently been a mismatch and confusion in the interpretation of the phrase and what BBB encapsulates which has made proper implementation difficult and unsuccessful at times. This book explains the concept of "Building Back Better" as an innovative holistic approach to rebuilding a community following a disaster event in order to develop resilience. It begins by exploring the background, development and definitions of BBB. The theory behind establishing BBB as a holistic concept is explained and the internationally recognised BBB Framework developed by the authors is introduced and described. Each of the components of the Framework are explained in detail with findings from international research and case studies from the US, Haiti, Indonesia, Samoa, Sri Lanka, Vanuatu, Gaza, China, Australia, UK and New Zealand, providing practical recommendations for implementation in recovery projects. There is a focus on the translation of BBB theory into practice to assist implementers to use the BBB Framework and BBB Indicators introduced in this book as an effective tool to plan and implement disaster recovery projects. This publication can be used as a handbook by government, non-governmental and private industry practitioners to prepare for and implement post disaster recovery projects that benefit and strengthen local communities and as a core text on international Disaster and Energy Management courses.
Book Synopsis Post-Disaster Governance in Southeast Asia by : Andri N.R. Mardiah
Download or read book Post-Disaster Governance in Southeast Asia written by Andri N.R. Mardiah and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-12-03 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book aims to provide insight into how Southeast Asian countries have responded to disasters, recovered, and rebuilt. It investigates emergency response and disaster recovery cases at national levels and from regional perspectives. Recovery from great disasters poses great challenges to affected countries in terms of organization, financing, and opportunities for post-disaster betterment. Importantly, disasters are critical moments in which to achieve disaster risk reduction, especially in the context of climate change and Sustainable Development Goals. Insights from these cases can help other countries better prepare for response and recovery before the next disaster strikes. While the experiences of disaster risk reduction and climate change implementation in Southeast Asian countries have been well documented, tacit knowledge from emergency response and recovery from these countries has not been transformed into explicit knowledge. There are only a few books that integrate information and lessons from post-disaster governance in Southeast Asia as a region, and because of the importance of providing real and recent situations, this book will interest many policymakers, practitioners, and academics. The information presented here will lead to a better understanding of how to plan for future disasters and improve governance to ensure effective emergency response as well as encouraging a build back better and safer towards a more resilient and sustained recovery.
Book Synopsis Climate Change, Disaster Risks, and Human Security by : Juan M. Pulhin
Download or read book Climate Change, Disaster Risks, and Human Security written by Juan M. Pulhin and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-03-18 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores how climate change and disaster risks threaten human security in Asia. Climate change and disaster risks have emerged as major human security challenges in the twenty-first century, and are an imminent “threat multiplier” with the potential to harm the vital core of human life and curtail people’s freedom and ability to live with dignity. Climate change and disaster risks undermine the security of individuals, communities, nations, and the world, considering the increasing trend in the frequency and magnitude of hydro-meteorological disasters and the projections on their future adverse impacts. Despite recent advances in the literature, there is still a major gap in understanding the relationship and linkages between climate change, disaster risks, and human security, particularly as gleaned from the Asian experience. Asia is the world’s most vulnerable region in terms of the quantity and magnitude of impacts from various forms of disaster. At the same time, it has developed a number of innovative responses to address those risks, offering a wealth of experience. Exploring and capitalizing on the Asian perspective, this book provides valuable resource material for students, academics, researchers, policymakers, and development practitioners working in these areas.
Book Synopsis Coastal and Marine Hazards, Risks, and Disasters by : Jean Ellis
Download or read book Coastal and Marine Hazards, Risks, and Disasters written by Jean Ellis and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-11-11 with total page 591 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sea and Ocean Hazards, Risks and Disasters provides a scientific approach to those hazards and disasters related to the Earth's coasts and oceans. This is the first book to integrate scientific, social, and economic issues related to disasters such as hazard identification, risk analysis, and planning, relevant hazard process mechanics, discussions of preparedness, response, and recovery, and the economics of loss and remediation. Throughout the book cases studies are presented of historically relevant hazards and disasters as well as the many recent catastrophes. Contains contributions from experts in the field selected by a world-renowned editorial board Cutting-edge discussion of natural hazard topics that affect the lives and livelihoods of millions of humans worldwide Numerous full-color tables, GIS maps, diagrams, illustrations, and photographs of hazardous processes in action will be included
