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Determination Of Toughness And Embrittlement For Reactor Pressure Vessel Steels Using Ultrasonic Measurements
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Book Synopsis Determination of Toughness and Embrittlement for Reactor Pressure Vessel Steels Using Ultrasonic Measurements by : A. L. Hiser
Download or read book Determination of Toughness and Embrittlement for Reactor Pressure Vessel Steels Using Ultrasonic Measurements written by A. L. Hiser and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 439 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neutron irradiation embrittlement of nuclear reactor pressure vessel (RPV) steels results in a loss of fracture toughness (e.g., reduction in load carrying capacity of the steel). For the setting of operational limits and assuring the continued safe operation of the plant, current procedures estimate the effects of neutron embrittlement using empirical relations or the results of small samples irradiated in the plant. These procedures account for uncertainties in the estimates through the use of margin terms to ensure the conservatism of the resultant estimate vis-a-vis the "real" material toughness. Therefore, the ability to develop non destructive measurements that can estimate the actual RPV steel fracture toughness in situ would provide more accurate evaluations of operating limits for plants. This study was undertaken to evaluate the suitability of ultrasonic attenuation measurements for estimating the fracture toughness of RPV steels. Ultrasonic measurements were made on samples in three distinct phases: (1) a heat treated RPV steel to induce changes in its fracture toughness; (2) several irradiated RPV steels to assess actual neutron embrittlement changes in fracture toughness; and (3) a matrix of unirradiated RPV steels with a range of as fabricated toughness levels. The results indicate that ultrasonic attenuation is generally able to identify differences in responses for samples with different toughness levels, although in some cases the differences in ultrasonic responses are small. The results from the three phases are not consistent, as in some cases reduced toughness results in higher attenuation and in other cases lower attenuation. This trend is not surprising given the different types of microstructural changes that result in the toughness changes for each phase of this work. In addition, different trends were identified for plate and weld materials.
Book Synopsis Radiation Embrittlement of Nuclear Reactor Pressure Vessel Steels by : Lendell E. Steele
Download or read book Radiation Embrittlement of Nuclear Reactor Pressure Vessel Steels written by Lendell E. Steele and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1989 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Radiation Embrittlement of Nuclear Reactor Pressure Vessel Steels by : Lendell E. Steele
Download or read book Radiation Embrittlement of Nuclear Reactor Pressure Vessel Steels written by Lendell E. Steele and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1986 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Radiation Embrittlement of Nuclear Reactor Pressure Vessel Steels by : Lendell E. Steele
Download or read book Radiation Embrittlement of Nuclear Reactor Pressure Vessel Steels written by Lendell E. Steele and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1993 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Nondestructive Characterization of Embrittlement in Reactor Pressure Vessel Steels -- A Feasibility Study by :
Download or read book Nondestructive Characterization of Embrittlement in Reactor Pressure Vessel Steels -- A Feasibility Study written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Nuclear Regulatory Commission recently initiated a study by NIST to assess the feasibility of using physical-property measurements for evaluating radiation embrittlement in reactor pressure vessel (RPV) steels. Ultrasonic and magnetic measurements provide the most promising approaches for nondestructive characterization of RPV steels because elastic waves and magnetic fields can sense the microstructural changes that embrittle materials. The microstructural changes of particular interest are copper precipitation hardening, which is the likely cause of radiation embrittlement in RPV steels, and the loss of dislocation mobility that is an attribute of the ductile-to-brittle transition. Measurements were made on a 1% copper steel, ASTM grade A710, in the annealed, peak-aged and overaged conditions, and on an RPV steel, ASTM grade A533B. Nonlinear ultrasonic and micromagnetic techniques were the most promising measures of precipitation hardening. Ultrasonic velocity measurements and the magnetic properties associated with hysteresis-loop measurements were not particularly sensitive to either precipitation hardening or the ductile-to-brittle transition. Measurements of internal friction using trapped ultrasonic resonance modes detected energy losses due to the motion of pinned dislocations; however, the ultrasonic attenuation associated with these measurements was small compared to the attenuation caused by beam spreading that would occur in conventional ultrasonic testing of RPVs.
Book Synopsis Assuring Structural Integrity of Steel Reactor Pressure Vessels by : Lendell E. Steele
Download or read book Assuring Structural Integrity of Steel Reactor Pressure Vessels written by Lendell E. Steele and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Radiation Embrittlement of Nuclear Reactor Pressure Vessel Steels by : Lendell E. Steele
Download or read book Radiation Embrittlement of Nuclear Reactor Pressure Vessel Steels written by Lendell E. Steele and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1986 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Determination of Fracture Toughness Transition Temperature, T, for Nuclear Reactor Pressure Vessel Steels in Both the Unirradiated and Irradiated Conditions by : James F. Williams
Download or read book Determination of Fracture Toughness Transition Temperature, T, for Nuclear Reactor Pressure Vessel Steels in Both the Unirradiated and Irradiated Conditions written by James F. Williams and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports by :
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 704 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 852 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Flaw Measurement Using Ultrasonics in Thick Pressure Vessel Steel by : K. V. Cook
Download or read book Flaw Measurement Using Ultrasonics in Thick Pressure Vessel Steel written by K. V. Cook and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nuclear Science Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 1174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Bias and Precision of To Values Determined Using ASTM Standard E 1921-97 for Nuclear Reactor Pressure Vessel Steels by : WL. Server
Download or read book Bias and Precision of To Values Determined Using ASTM Standard E 1921-97 for Nuclear Reactor Pressure Vessel Steels written by WL. Server and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recently ASTM adopted a Test Method for the Determination of Reference Temperature, To, for Ferritic Steels in the Transition Range (E1921-97). This test method quantifies the variation of fracture toughness with temperature throughout the transition regime based on limited replicate testing at a single temperature. Advances in elastic plastic fracture mechanics enabled adoption of size requirements in E1921-97 that permit testing of specimens as small as 10 mm cross section. Thus, E1921-97 presents the first opportunity to measure directly the fracture toughness of samples removed from surveillance capsules, rather than inferring toughness using RTNDT indexed KIC curve.
Download or read book Nuclear Safety written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 920 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Critical Experiments, Measurements and Analyses to Establish a Crack Arrest Methodology for Nuclear Pressure Vessel Steels by : George T. Hahn
Download or read book Critical Experiments, Measurements and Analyses to Establish a Crack Arrest Methodology for Nuclear Pressure Vessel Steels written by George T. Hahn and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Metals Abstracts Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 1622 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Using Ultrasonic Measurements and a Two-Phase Composite Model to Assess Radiation Damage in Reactor Pressure Vessel Steels by : JA. Wang
Download or read book Using Ultrasonic Measurements and a Two-Phase Composite Model to Assess Radiation Damage in Reactor Pressure Vessel Steels written by JA. Wang and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ultrasonic methods used in the study of radiation damage and recovery in single crystals appear to also be useful for similar studies on polycrystalline alloys. Ultrasonic methods have demonstrated a sensitivity to radiation damage as affected by neutron fluence, irradiation temperature, large changes in composition, and possibly, as well, by neutron energy spectrum. On the microstructure defect evolution, only the residual defects created through the radiation event will contribute to the final macroscopic material property change. From a microstructure point, it is generally accepted that radiation hardening and embrittlement in metals are caused by clusters of vacancies, interstitial, and solute atoms that impede the motion of slip dislocations. Although vacancy-type defects are a major contributor to the material hardening, they also indicate the presence of other interstitial defects. Thus the total volume change of vacancy-type defects before and after irradiation can serve as a direct index to the final material property changes. The volume change of the vacancy-type defects can be determined by utilizing the two-phase composite model (matrix and void-type inclusion) to interpret wave velocities of baseline and irradiated specimens that are obtained from the ultrasonic wave experiment. This is a relatively economic and straightforward procedure. The correlation of the volume change of the vacancy-type defects with the existing destructive mechanical test results may play an important role in the future for the prediction of the radiation embrittlement and remaining plant life, especially for the older plants on the verge of exhausting all the available mechanical test specimens loaded in the surveillance capsules. The above hypothesis was supported by the limited irradiated data analyzed and presented in this paper. The proposed ultrasonic methodology also has a potential application to assess creep damage in fossil power plants.
