Author : Sana Eid
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 466 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (12 download)
Book Synopsis Design of a Chemical Plant for the Production of 30,000 Tons/year Hydrogen (H2) of High Purity from Crude Glycerol by : Sana Eid
Download or read book Design of a Chemical Plant for the Production of 30,000 Tons/year Hydrogen (H2) of High Purity from Crude Glycerol written by Sana Eid and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are increasing concerns regarding the carbon emissions resulting from the use of fossil fuel. Hence, alternative sources of energy are currently being examined; one of these sources being hydrogen. Hydrogen is considered very promising since 1 kg of hydrogen has the same energy as 3 kg of gasoline and is an infinite, safe, and clean source of energy.The best raw material for this process is glycerol since 1 kg of glycerol is generated per 10 kg of biodiesel, and 1 mole of glycerol produces 7 moles of of hydrogen. The aim of this project is to produce 30, 000 ton/year of high purity hydrogen from glycerol. It is noteworthy that a chemical plant for converting glycerol to hydrogen has not yet been done; however, a lot of research about the topic has been conducted resulting in having several methods to select from. The production of hydrogen from glycerol can be done using several methods such as steam reforming, and partial oxidation. Hence, after researching and comparing the different methods the process of steam reforming with Ni/Al2O3 catalyst at 700°C was selected as it produces 99% pure hydrogen. The Ni/AL2O3 catalyst was found by a study to give the highest hydrogen selectivity (80%) and glycerol conversion (71%). There are some challenges to this process such as by-products formation hindering the hydrogen production and its purity; however, there are viable options to overcome them such as using the in-situ adsorption process. After creating the PFD based on available literature and designing a heat exchanger, absorber and steam reformer we found that 507 kg of Ni/Al2O3 are needed to produce 30,000 tons per year of hydrogen. 350,000 tons per year of glycerol are required for producing 30,00 tons per year of hydrogen. Furthermore, the design process resulted in knowing the equipment's specifications. The designed shell and tube heat exchanger with 3/4" OD tubes (14 BWG) on a 1"square pitch, 25% segmental cut baffles and 90 tubes, with a shell diameter of 13.24", and a tube internal diameter of 0.584" has been made to cool down the outlet gas mixture. On the other hand, the absorber required to get rid of the CO2 present in the final gas mixture in order to achieve 99% pure hydrogen has been made with a cross sectional area of 1.54 m2 , a diameter of 1.4 m, a pressure drop of 418 Pa/m, and an overall packed bed height of 4.9 m. Cost is another important factor to be taken into consideration while designing a chemical plant. The total cost for the desired chemical plant was found to be approximately 94 million dollars. The cost of the individual three designed process units: heat exchanger, absorber, and steam reformer were found to be 27, 088 dollars, 272,541 dollars and 35, 458 dollars respectively.