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Design Manufacturing Of Thermoelectric Energy Harvesters For Implantable Biomedical Applications
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Book Synopsis Design & Manufacturing of Thermoelectric Energy Harvesters for Implantable Biomedical Applications by : Alic Chen
Download or read book Design & Manufacturing of Thermoelectric Energy Harvesters for Implantable Biomedical Applications written by Alic Chen and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Thermal Energy Harvesting with Thermoelectrics for Self-powered Sensors by : Alic Chen
Download or read book Thermal Energy Harvesting with Thermoelectrics for Self-powered Sensors written by Alic Chen and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work examines the feasibility of applying thermoelectric generators as power sources for implantable applications. Thermoelectric design principles, manufacturing methods and novel materials are foundational aspects of the work. Rapid advancements in the field of biomedical engineering has led to the vast number of implantable medical devices developed within the last few decades. As implantable medical devices provide more functionality, sufficient energy storage while maintaining compactness becomes challenging. The lifetime of implanted medical devices will often be much shorter than the expected lifespan of patients, adding risks and costs to the patient in the form of additional surgical procedures. A perpetual power source that extends the longevity of implantable devices still remains elusive. This presents opportunities for solid-state thermal energy harvesting with thermoelectric energy generators (TEGs) that scavenge waste heat, the most abundant source of energy from the body. Thermoelectric energy generators (TEGs) provide solid-state energy by converting temperature differences into usable electricity. Since the fat in the human body provides thermal insulation, the largest temperature differences (typically 1-5 K) are found in the highest fat regions of the body. Bioheat transfer modeling shows that the optimal placement of TEGs for energy generation is in the abdomen under high convective conditions. Based on average 100 μW (at 1 V) input power requirements of implantable medical devices, thermoelectric and heat transfer design theories suggest a need for high aspect ratio thermoelectric elements in high density arrays to take advantage of the low temperature differences in the fat layer. In order to maximize power output, traditional thermoelectric device designs must be abandoned and a planar TEG device design is proposed as an effective and scalable method for implantable medical applications. Dispenser printing was then shown as a scalable and repeatable manufacturing method for depositing thick-film thermoelectric materials in the fabrication of planar TEGs. The use of printed fabrication methods led to the development and synthesis of novel printable composite thermoelectric materials. The thermoelectric properties of the printed thermoelectric materials were analyzed and carefully characterized as a function of temperature. The maximum dimensionless figure of merit (ZT) at 302K for an n-type Bi2Te3-epoxy composite was 0.18 when cured at 250°C, while the ZT of a p-type Sb2Te3-epoxy composite cured at 350°C was 0.34. A 50-couple TEG prototype with 5 mm x 640 μm x 90 μm printed element dimensions was fabricated on a polyimide substrate with evaporated metal contacts. The prototype device produced a power output of 10.5 μW at 61.3 μA and 171.6 mV for a temperature difference of 20K resulting in a device areal power density of 75 μW/cm2. The results of the work are promising and alternative methods to improve the performance of future devices are proposed. While the initial focus of this work was specific to the field of biomedical devices, the technologies that have been developed are applicable to other fields involving energy harvesting. The prospective impact of this work ultimately paves the path towards the advanced healthcare system of the future based on integrated autonomous wireless systems for the needs of "aging in place" or "aging at home" technologies.
Book Synopsis Flexible Thermoelectric Generators for Biomedical Applications by : Ryan Stevenson
Download or read book Flexible Thermoelectric Generators for Biomedical Applications written by Ryan Stevenson and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The market for implantable medical devices is growing rapidly. Research and Markets predicts that by the end of 2015 the market for pacemakers will be 5.1 billion dollars, and a projected growth of 13.82% between 2013 and 2018. The average lifespan of an implantable medical device's battery is only 5 years, while the projected lifespan of the device itself is 10 years. There is an excess of invasive surgeries occurring to replace these batteries, costing the healthcare system millions of dollars and also causing patients a large degree of discomfort and pain. Thermoelectric generators have the potential to supplement and eventually replace these battery systems, allowing devices to reach their full lifespan. The process for developing thin film, and flexible thermoelectric generators was explored in this study with the intent of designing for biomedical applications. Screen-printing was used as the manufacturing method and several pastes were formulated and tested to compare their thermoelectric potential. A new breed of thermoelectric materials that were built from a bottom-up perspective was the precedent for this research. While they have shown great potential for creating bulk pellets, their application in thin films was still relatively unexplored. The most promising sample created had an electrical conductivity of 6775 S/m, a Seebeck of -125 [mu]V/m and a power factor of 105 [mu]W/m-K2. The potential and limitations of this process are discussed."--Boise State University ScholarWorks.
Book Synopsis Energy Harvesting Technologies by : Shashank Priya
Download or read book Energy Harvesting Technologies written by Shashank Priya and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-11-28 with total page 522 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Energy Harvesting Technologies provides a cohesive overview of the fundamentals and current developments in the field of energy harvesting. In a well-organized structure, this volume discusses basic principles for the design and fabrication of bulk and MEMS based vibration energy systems, theory and design rules required for fabrication of efficient electronics, in addition to recent findings in thermoelectric energy harvesting systems. Combining leading research from both academia and industry onto a single platform, Energy Harvesting Technologies serves as an important reference for researchers and engineers involved with power sources, sensor networks and smart materials.
Book Synopsis Thermoelectrics and its Energy Harvesting, 2-Volume Set by : David Michael Rowe
Download or read book Thermoelectrics and its Energy Harvesting, 2-Volume Set written by David Michael Rowe and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-10-03 with total page 1120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprising two volumes, Thermoelectrics and Its Energy Harvesting reviews the vast improvements in technology and application of thermoelectric energy with a specific intention to reduce and reuse waste heat and improve novel techniques for the efficient acquisition and use of energy.Materials, Preparation, and Characterization in Thermoelectrics i
Book Synopsis Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting by : Alper Erturk
Download or read book Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting written by Alper Erturk and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-04-04 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The transformation of vibrations into electric energy through the use of piezoelectric devices is an exciting and rapidly developing area of research with a widening range of applications constantly materialising. With Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting, world-leading researchers provide a timely and comprehensive coverage of the electromechanical modelling and applications of piezoelectric energy harvesters. They present principal modelling approaches, synthesizing fundamental material related to mechanical, aerospace, civil, electrical and materials engineering disciplines for vibration-based energy harvesting using piezoelectric transduction. Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting provides the first comprehensive treatment of distributed-parameter electromechanical modelling for piezoelectric energy harvesting with extensive case studies including experimental validations, and is the first book to address modelling of various forms of excitation in piezoelectric energy harvesting, ranging from airflow excitation to moving loads, thus ensuring its relevance to engineers in fields as disparate as aerospace engineering and civil engineering. Coverage includes: Analytical and approximate analytical distributed-parameter electromechanical models with illustrative theoretical case studies as well as extensive experimental validations Several problems of piezoelectric energy harvesting ranging from simple harmonic excitation to random vibrations Details of introducing and modelling piezoelectric coupling for various problems Modelling and exploiting nonlinear dynamics for performance enhancement, supported with experimental verifications Applications ranging from moving load excitation of slender bridges to airflow excitation of aeroelastic sections A review of standard nonlinear energy harvesting circuits with modelling aspects.
Book Synopsis Green Energy Advances by : Diana Enescu
Download or read book Green Energy Advances written by Diana Enescu and published by . This book was released on 2019-02 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contributes to understanding the development and application of green energy solutions. The term ""green energy"" is widely used today to indicate sustainable energy sources with zero or minimal environmental and economic impact, obtained from various renewable energy sources. The contents presented in this book deal with different solutions, from small-scale applications (thermoelectric energy harvesting) to energy efficiency in buildings with local renewable energy production (also in critical seismic sites), local energy systems (smart energy management of storage and complex interactions), exploitation of biomasses from agricultural wastes, and voluntary certifications associated with energy trading in large energy systems. These aspects mark a more sustainable evolution of the society with wider green energy usage.
Book Synopsis Modules, Systems, and Applications in Thermoelectrics by : David Michael Rowe
Download or read book Modules, Systems, and Applications in Thermoelectrics written by David Michael Rowe and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-04-25 with total page 566 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprising two volumes, Thermoelectrics and Its Energy Harvesting reviews the dramatic improvements in technology and application of thermoelectric energy with a specific intention to reduce and reuse waste heat and improve novel techniques for the efficient acquisition and use of energy. This volume, Modules, Systems and Applications in Thermoelec
Book Synopsis Remote Powering and Data Communication for Implanted Biomedical Systems by : Enver Gurhan Kilinc
Download or read book Remote Powering and Data Communication for Implanted Biomedical Systems written by Enver Gurhan Kilinc and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-09-17 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes new circuits and systems for implantable biomedical applications and explains the design of a batteryless, remotely-powered implantable micro-system, designed for long-term patient monitoring. Following new trends in implantable biomedical applications, the authors demonstrate a system which is capable of efficient, remote powering and reliable data communication. Novel architecture and design methodologies are used to transfer power with a low-power, optimized inductive link and data is transmitted by a reliable communication link. Additionally, an electro-mechanical solution is presented for tracking and monitoring the implantable system, while the patient is mobile.
Book Synopsis Study of High Efficiency Micro Thermoelectric Energy Harvesters by : Steven Michael Pedrosa
Download or read book Study of High Efficiency Micro Thermoelectric Energy Harvesters written by Steven Michael Pedrosa and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 89 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thermal energy sources, including waste heat and thermal radiation from the sun, are important renewable energy resources. Thermal energy can be converted into electricity by thermoelectric phenomena; the thermoelectric phenomena can also be operated in reverse when provided an electric current, producing a temperature gradient across the device. Thermoelectric devices are scalable, renewable, and cost effective products that offer capabilities to harness waste heat or environmental heat sources, and convert the captured heat into usable electricity. The operating principle of a thermoelectric device requires that a temperature gradient be present across the device, which induces the flow of electrons from the hot side of the device to the cold side. Thermoelectric devices are currently hampered by the low conversion efficiencies and strict operating temperatures for certain materials. This study investigates the main factors affecting efficiencies of thermoelectric devices as energy harvesters and aims to optimize the devices for maximum efficiency and lower costs by using microfabrication processes and self-assembled materials for complete thermoelectric modules (TEMs). By first establishing operating conditions and a desired mode of operation, optimization equations have been established to determine device dimensions and performance parameters. Compact integration realized by microfabrication technologies that allow for multiple output voltages from a single chip was also investigated. Additionally, cost savings were found by reducing the number of fabrication processing steps and eliminating the need for precious metals during fabrication. The optimized design proposed in this study utilizes copper electrodes and requires fewer applications of photoresist than previous proposed designs. In fabrication of thin film based micro devices, the film quality and the composition of the film are essential elements for producing TEMs with desired efficiencies. Although Bi2Te3 has been investigated as thermoelectric material, this study determined that there was a possibility that both N-type and P-Type Bi2Te3 could be created from a single electrolyte solution by controlling the amount of Te present in the film. Films were produced with both AC and DC signals and varied composition of Te at.% of Bi2Te3 was achieved by controlling the average current density during electrochemical deposition. A linear relationship was established between the average current density and the resultant Te content. SEM and EDS were used to characterize the morphology and the composition of the thin films created. With the fabricated thermoelectric materials, analytical models could be developed using known material properties of thermoelectric films with a given Te content. The analytical results obtained by the developed optimization equations were comparable with the FEA models produced by using COMSOL, a multiphysics program with powerful solving algorithms that was used to evaluate designs. Further improvements to device performance can be achieved by designing a segmented thermoelectric device with multiple layers of thermoelectric material to allow the device to operate across a larger temperature gradient.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Neuroengineering by : Nitish V. Thakor
Download or read book Handbook of Neuroengineering written by Nitish V. Thakor and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-02-02 with total page 3686 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Handbook serves as an authoritative reference book in the field of Neuroengineering. Neuroengineering is a very exciting field that is rapidly getting established as core subject matter for research and education. The Neuroengineering field has also produced an impressive array of industry products and clinical applications. It also serves as a reference book for graduate students, research scholars and teachers. Selected sections or a compendium of chapters may be used as “reference book” for a one or two semester graduate course in Biomedical Engineering. Some academicians will construct a “textbook” out of selected sections or chapters. The Handbook is also meant as a state-of-the-art volume for researchers. Due to its comprehensive coverage, researchers in one field covered by a certain section of the Handbook would find other sections valuable sources of cross-reference for information and fertilization of interdisciplinary ideas. Industry researchers as well as clinicians using neurotechnologies will find the Handbook a single source for foundation and state-of-the-art applications in the field of Neuroengineering. Regulatory agencies, entrepreneurs, investors and legal experts can use the Handbook as a reference for their professional work as well.
Book Synopsis Composites in Biomedical Applications by : S. M. Sapuan
Download or read book Composites in Biomedical Applications written by S. M. Sapuan and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-09-27 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Composites in Biomedical Applications presents a comprehensive overview on recent developments in composites and their use in biomedical applications. It features cutting-edge developments to encourage further advances in the field of composite research. Highlights a completely new research theme in polymer-based composite materials Outlines a broad range of different research fields, including polymer and natural fiber reinforcement used in the development of composites for biomedical applications Discusses advanced techniques for the development of composites and biopolymer-based composites Covers fatigue behavior, conceptual design in ergonomics design application, tissue regeneration or replacement, and skeletal bone repair of polymer composites Details the latest developments in synthesis, preparation, characterization, material evaluation, and future challenges of composite applications in the biomedical field This book is a comprehensive resource for advanced students and scientists pursuing research in the broad fields of composite materials, polymers, organic or inorganic hybrid materials, and nano-assembly.
Book Synopsis Material-Integrated Intelligent Systems by : Stefan Bosse
Download or read book Material-Integrated Intelligent Systems written by Stefan Bosse and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-03-12 with total page 696 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Combining different perspectives from materials science, engineering, and computer science, this reference provides a unified view of the various aspects necessary for the successful realization of intelligent systems. The editors and authors are from academia and research institutions with close ties to industry, and are thus able to offer first-hand information here. They adopt a unique, three-tiered approach such that readers can gain basic, intermediate, and advanced topical knowledge. The technology section of the book is divided into chapters covering the basics of sensor integration in materials, the challenges associated with this approach, data processing, evaluation, and validation, as well as methods for achieving an autonomous energy supply. The applications part then goes on to showcase typical scenarios where material-integrated intelligent systems are already in use, such as for structural health monitoring and smart textiles.
Book Synopsis Energy Harvesting with Functional Materials and Microsystems by : Madhu Bhaskaran
Download or read book Energy Harvesting with Functional Materials and Microsystems written by Madhu Bhaskaran and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-12-19 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For decades, people have searched for ways to harvest energy from natural sources. Lately, a desire to address the issue of global warming and climate change has popularized solar or photovoltaic technology, while piezoelectric technology is being developed to power handheld devices without batteries, and thermoelectric technology is being explored to convert wasted heat, such as in automobile engine combustion, into electricity. Featuring contributions from international researchers in both academics and industry, Energy Harvesting with Functional Materials and Microsystems explains the growing field of energy harvesting from a materials and device perspective, with resulting technologies capable of enabling low-power implantable sensors or a large-scale electrical grid. In addition to the design, implementation, and components of energy-efficient electronics, the book covers current advances in energy-harvesting materials and technology, including: High-efficiency solar technologies with lower cost than existing silicon-based photovoltaics Novel piezoelectric technologies utilizing mechanical energy from vibrations and pressure The ability to harness thermal energy and temperature profiles with thermoelectric materials Whether you’re a practicing engineer, academician, graduate student, or entrepreneur looking to invest in energy-harvesting devices, this book is your complete guide to fundamental materials and applied microsystems for energy harvesting.
Book Synopsis Energy Harvesting and Power Delivery for Implantable Medical Devices by : Chi-Ying Tsui
Download or read book Energy Harvesting and Power Delivery for Implantable Medical Devices written by Chi-Ying Tsui and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 67 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Providing a constant and perpetual energy source is a key design challenge for implantable medical devices. Harvesting energy from the human body and the surrounding is one of the possible solutions. Delivering energy from outside the body through different wireless media is another feasible solution. In this monograph, we review different state of-the-art mechanisms that do "in-body" energy harvesting as well as "out-of-body" wireless power delivery. Details of the energy sources, transmission media, energy harvesting and coupling techniques, and the required energy transducers will be discussed. The merits and disadvantages of each approach will be presented. Different mechanisms have very different characteristics on their output voltage, amount of harvested power and power transfer efficiency. Therefore different types of power conditioning circuits are required. Issues of designing the building blocks for the power conditioning circuits for different energy harvesting or coupling mechanisms will be compared.
Book Synopsis Bionanocatalysis: From Design to Applications by : Roberto Fernandez-Lafuente
Download or read book Bionanocatalysis: From Design to Applications written by Roberto Fernandez-Lafuente and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2023-08-26 with total page 596 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bionanocatalysis: From Design to Applications discusses recent advances in nano-biocatalysis, fundamental design concepts and their applications in a variety of industry sectors. Strategies for immobilizing enzymes onto nanocarriers, made from polymers, silicas, carbons, and metals, by physical adsorption, covalent binding, cross-linking, or specific ligand spacers are also discussed as are the advantages, problems and solutions derived from the use of non-porous nanomaterials for enzyme immobilization. This is an important reference source for materials scientists and chemical engineers who would like to learn more about how nanobiocatalysts are designed and used. Biocatalysis has emerged as a sustainable technique to synthesize valuable commodity chemicals with wide applications in various industrial domains, such as in agriculture, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, biofuels, biosensors, biofuel cells, biochemicals, and foods. The synergistic integration of bio-catalysis engineering with nanostructured materials, as unique multifunctional carrier matrices, has emerged as a new interface of nano-biocatalysis (NBC). Outlines the major nanocarriers used in nanobiocatalyst design Explores the properties of nanomaterials that make them effective biocatalysts Assesses the challenges of manufacturing nanobiocatalysts on an industrial scale
Book Synopsis Triboelectric Nanogenerators by : Zhong Lin Wang
Download or read book Triboelectric Nanogenerators written by Zhong Lin Wang and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-08-17 with total page 537 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces an innovative and high-efficiency technology for mechanical energy harvesting. The book covers the history and development of triboelectric nanogenerators, basic structures, working principles, performance characterization, and potential applications. It is divided into three parts: Part A illustrates the fundamental working modes of triboelectric nanogenerators with their prototype structures and theoretical analysis; Part B and Part C introduce two categories of applications, namely self-powered systems and self-powered active sensors. The book will be an ideal guide to scientists and engineers beginning to study triboelectric nanogenerators or wishing to deepen their knowledge of the field. Readers will be able to place the technical details about this technology in context, and acquire the necessary skills to reproduce the experimental setups for fabrication and measurement.
