Degradation Of Microcystin Lr By Aquatic Bacteria

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Degradation of Microcystin-LR by Aquatic Bacteria

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (631 download)

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Book Synopsis Degradation of Microcystin-LR by Aquatic Bacteria by :

Download or read book Degradation of Microcystin-LR by Aquatic Bacteria written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microcystins are cyclic heptapeptide toxins produced by cyanobacteria. They are potentially a threat to human and domestic animals so are of worldwide interest. Microcystin-LR is stable in various environmental conditions. It is important to know the factors affecting microcystin degradation which can be utilised in water treatment methods. This research is focused on activity of indigenous microflora in biolog MT2 plates and use of active isolates for degradation study. The growth and degradation patterns were compared with the known microcystin-LR degrading bacteria Paucibacter toxinivorans (DSMZ-16998) as a positive control. A total of 18 bacteria were isolated from three different sources and screened for the degradation study. Individual isolates and P. toxinivorans were exposed to microcystin-LR in a range of different media namely, physiological saline, R2A medium, nutrient broth and water at different concentrations of 0.50 1g/ml and 10.00 1g/ml of microcystin-LR. Degradation of microcystin-LR content was analysed by HPLC. Bacteria in mixed culture i.e. natural water samples were able to degrade microcystin-LR in low concentration within a week but were unable to degrade in high concentration until 30 days at room temperature. Degradation of microcystin-LR by cell extract of active isolates and P. toxinivorans was observed. Percentage loss of microcystin content by enzymatic degradation was observed from 22-42 percent in tested samples.

Degradation of Algal Toxin, Microcystin-LR, by Free Chlorine in Drinking Water Treatment

Author : Kimberly K. Zulliger
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis Degradation of Algal Toxin, Microcystin-LR, by Free Chlorine in Drinking Water Treatment by : Kimberly K. Zulliger

Download or read book Degradation of Algal Toxin, Microcystin-LR, by Free Chlorine in Drinking Water Treatment written by Kimberly K. Zulliger and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

An Investigation of the Degradation of Microcystin-LR

Author : I. K. Cousins
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 11 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (221 download)

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Book Synopsis An Investigation of the Degradation of Microcystin-LR by : I. K. Cousins

Download or read book An Investigation of the Degradation of Microcystin-LR written by I. K. Cousins and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Water Treatment for Purification from Cyanobacteria and Cyanotoxins

Author : Anastasia E. Hiskia
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 111892861X
Total Pages : 367 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (189 download)

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Book Synopsis Water Treatment for Purification from Cyanobacteria and Cyanotoxins by : Anastasia E. Hiskia

Download or read book Water Treatment for Purification from Cyanobacteria and Cyanotoxins written by Anastasia E. Hiskia and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-09-28 with total page 367 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides a comprehensive overview of key methods for treating water tainted by cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins Toxigenic cyanobacteria are one of the main health risks associated with water resources. Consequently, the analysis, control, and removal of cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins from water supplies is a high priority research area. This book presents a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art research on water treatment methods for the removal of cyanobacteria, taste and odor compounds, and cyanotoxins. Starting with an introduction to the subject, Water Treatment for Purification from Cyanobacteria and Cyanotoxins offers chapters on cyanotoxins and human health, conventional physical-chemical treatment for the removal of cyanobacteria/cyanotoxins, removal of cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins by membrane processes, biological treatment for the destruction of cyanotoxins, and conventional disinfection and/or oxidation processes. Other chapters look at advanced oxidation processes, removal/destruction of taste and odour compounds, transformation products of cyanobacterial metabolites during treatment and integrated drinking water processes. Provides a comprehensive overview of key methods for treating water tainted by cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins Bridges the gap between basic knowledge of cyanobacteria/cyanotoxins and practical management guidelines Includes integrated processes case studies and real-life examples Developed within the frame of the European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST)–funded CYANOCOST A must-have resource for every water treatment plant, Water Treatment for Purification from Cyanobacteria and Cyanotoxins is a valuable resource for all researchers in water chemistry and engineering, environmental chemistry as well as water companies and authorities, water resource engineers and managers, environmental and public health protection organizations.

Identification and Characterization of Lake Erie Bacteria that Degrade the Microcystin Toxin MC-LR

Author : Alison M. Thees
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 90 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (113 download)

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Book Synopsis Identification and Characterization of Lake Erie Bacteria that Degrade the Microcystin Toxin MC-LR by : Alison M. Thees

Download or read book Identification and Characterization of Lake Erie Bacteria that Degrade the Microcystin Toxin MC-LR written by Alison M. Thees and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Harmful algal blooms (HABs) have been recorded in Lake Erie for decades, caused by years of eutrophication from agricultural runoff and effluent from municipal waste treatment plants. In the 1970s, the condition of the lake became so poor that the International Joint Commission implemented regulations to diminish phosphorus loading, which greatly improved the health of the lake, but HABs eventually returned to Lake Erie. In August 2014, the city of Toledo, Ohio was forced to issue a "do not drink" order that affected nearly 500,000 residents for three days due to the presence of unsafe levels of the HAB toxin microcystin LR (MC-LR) in drinking water. MC-LR and other cyanobacterial toxins pose significant health risks to humans, and the increasing incidences of Lake Erie HABs are a major public health concern. Given that MC-LR is composed of seven amino acids (or modified amino acids), we hypothesized that naturally-occurring Lake Erie bacteria could use MC-LR as an energy source. To test this hypothesis, water samples were collected from HABs in western Lake Erie during the summers of 2014-2017, MC-LR was continuously added to each water sample for 3-6 weeks to select for MC-LR degrading bacteria, and MC-LR levels were quantitated during the experiment. A total of 66 individual bacterial clones were isolated from MC-LR degrading water samples and were genotyped to exclude potential human pathogens. Next, the bacterial clones were examined either individually, or in groups, for their ability to degrade MC-LR, microcystin congeners MC-RR and MC-LA, and to form biofilms. Select groups also were tested for their ability to degrade MC-LR in lab-scale biofilters. Due to previous studies demonstrating that mlrABC were responsible for MC-LR degradation, we examined our MC-LR degraders for mlrABC but these genes were not detected, indicating that alternative MC-LR degradation pathways must be present in Lake Erie bacteria. Collectively, we were able to isolate and identify bacterial clones capable of degrading MC-LR and MC-RR; these bacterial clones formed robust biofilms, and degraded MC-LR on a lab scale biofilter. The results of these studies indicate the potential use of bacterial clones to remove MC-LR from drinking water.

Natural Toxins

Author : C.L. Ownby
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 1483286819
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (832 download)

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Book Synopsis Natural Toxins by : C.L. Ownby

Download or read book Natural Toxins written by C.L. Ownby and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 9th World Congress on Animal, Plant and Microbial Toxins was sponsored by the International Society on Toxinology which recently celebrated its 25th anniversary. The Society was organized to promote research into all aspects of natural toxins, and to help with the dissemination of knowledge. This book presents the most recent information on natural toxins from animal, plant and microbial origins and describes the state of research and clinical studies in the field. The material included is illustrated, referenced and fully indexed.

Stress Biology of Cyanobacteria

Author : Ashish Kumar Srivastava
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1466504781
Total Pages : 397 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (665 download)

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Book Synopsis Stress Biology of Cyanobacteria by : Ashish Kumar Srivastava

Download or read book Stress Biology of Cyanobacteria written by Ashish Kumar Srivastava and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2013-03-01 with total page 397 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A significant component of many different ecosystems, cyanobacteria occupy almost every niche of the earth, including fresh and salt waters, rice fields, hot springs, arid deserts, and polar regions. Cyanobacteria, along with algae, produce nearly half the global oxygen, making assessment of their ecophysiologies important for understanding climate impacts and potential remediation. Stress Biology of Cyanobacteria: Molecular Mechanisms to Cellular Responses is a compilation of holistic responses of cyanobacteria, ranging from ecological and physiological to the modern aspects of their molecular biology, genomics, and biochemistry. Covering almost every aspect of cyanobacterial stress biology, this book is divided into two parts: Bioenergetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Stress Tolerance and Cellular Responses and Ecophysiology. The first few chapters focus on the molecular bioenergetics of photosynthesis and respiration in cyanobacteria, and provide a clear perspective on different stress tolerance mechanisms. Part I also covers the effect of specific stresses—including heavy metal, high and low temperature, salt, osmotic, and UV-B stress—on a wide range of vital physiological, biochemical, and molecular processes of cyanobacteria. Part II describes mechanisms of symbiosis, stress-induced bioproducts, and the role of environmental factors on nitrogen fixation, which along with photosynthesis is a major contributor to the current geochemical status of the planet. The text also covers mutation and cyanobacterial adaptation, and the most widely studied cyanotoxin, microcystin, which has effects on both human and animal health. With contributions from experts around the world, representing the global importance of cyanobacteria, this book provides a broad compilation of research that deals with cyanobacterial stress responses in both controlled laboratory conditions as well as in their natural environment.

Toxic Microcystis

Author : Mariyo F. Watanabe
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9780849376931
Total Pages : 284 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (769 download)

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Book Synopsis Toxic Microcystis by : Mariyo F. Watanabe

Download or read book Toxic Microcystis written by Mariyo F. Watanabe and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1995-11-21 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses toxic Microcystis and the toxins from various viewpoints such as classification, cultivation, occurrences in lakes, and relations to zooplankton. The text presents new information on the chemistry, analytical chemistry, toxicology, molecular modeling, and liver tumor promotion of the toxins. Microcystis species are described in relation to morphological features, allozyme genotype, and toxin content. Seasonal changes of Microcystis population are described with special references to toxic species and composition of the toxins. Chemical characteristics of microcystins are reviewed and the process for identification of microcystins is described.

Ionizing Radiation Technologies

Author : Shima Shayanfar
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119488575
Total Pages : 292 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (194 download)

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Book Synopsis Ionizing Radiation Technologies by : Shima Shayanfar

Download or read book Ionizing Radiation Technologies written by Shima Shayanfar and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2022-08-02 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ionizing Radiation Technologies An authoritative overview of major advances in the application of ionizing radiation technologies to industrial, agricultural, and municipal waste products In Ionizing Radiation Technologies: Managing and Extracting Value from Wastes, a team of expert researchers delivers a broad overview of the value trapped in waste streams and how a strategic application of ionizing radiation technologies can be valuable from both an environmental and an economic perspective. A valuable addition to the discussions around sustainability and green technologies, the book introduces ionizing radiation technologies, including gamma (cobalt-60) irradiation and high and low energy electron beam technologies. The contributions included explore the major advances taking place in the application of ionizing radiation technologies to derive high value end-products from agricultural, municipal, and industrial wastes. Each chapter reviews original research and data and considers likely future directions in research and development. The book also includes: A thorough introduction to the application of ionizing radiation technologies to agricultural waste, including the production of activated carbon Comprehensive explorations of the application of ionizing radiation technologies to municipal waste, including municipal solid wastes and recycling wastewater Practical discussions of the application of ionizing radiation technologies to industrial waste, including textile wastewater management and polymer recycling In-depth examinations of the economics of waste valorization, including several case studies of businesses involved in waste valorization Perfect for consulting engineers and industry professionals involved in waste management and mitigation, Ionizing Radiation Technologies will also earn a place in the libraries of professionals at government agencies, international food organizations, and NGOs focused on waste management, environment sustainability, and urban planning.

Cyanobacterial Harmful Algal Blooms: State of the Science and Research Needs

Author : H. Kenneth Hudnell
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 0387758658
Total Pages : 955 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (877 download)

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Book Synopsis Cyanobacterial Harmful Algal Blooms: State of the Science and Research Needs by : H. Kenneth Hudnell

Download or read book Cyanobacterial Harmful Algal Blooms: State of the Science and Research Needs written by H. Kenneth Hudnell and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-03-13 with total page 955 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the ever-increasing incidence of harmful cyanobacterial algal blooms, this monograph has added urgency and will be essential reading for all sorts of researchers, from neuroscientists to cancer research specialists. The volume contains the proceedings of the 2005 International Symposium on Cyanobacterial Harmful Algal Blooms, and has been edited by H. Kenneth Hudnell, of the US Environmental Protection Agency. It contains much of the most recent research into the subject.

Marine and Freshwater Toxins

Author : P. Gopalakrishnakone
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9789400764187
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (641 download)

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Book Synopsis Marine and Freshwater Toxins by : P. Gopalakrishnakone

Download or read book Marine and Freshwater Toxins written by P. Gopalakrishnakone and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-03-14 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, the field of Toxinology has expanded substantially. On the one hand it studies venomous animals, plants and micro organisms in detail to understand their mode of action on targets. While on the other, it explores the biochemical composition, genomics and proteomics of toxins and venoms to understand their three interaction with life forms (especially humans), development of antidotes and exploring their pharmacological potential. Therefore, Toxinology has deep linkages with biochemistry, molecular biology, anatomy and pharmacology. In addition, there is a fast developing applied subfield, clinical toxinology, which deals with understanding and managing medical effects of toxins on human body. Given the huge impact of toxin-based deaths globally, and the potential of venom in generation of drugs for so-far incurable diseases (for example, Diabetes, Chronic Pain), the continued research and growth of the field is imminent. This has led to the growth of research in the area and the consequent scholarly output by way of publications in journals and books. Despite this ever growing body of literature within biomedical sciences, there is still no all-inclusive reference work available that collects all of the important biochemical, biomedical and clinical insights relating to Toxinology. The Handbook of Toxinology aims to address this gap and cover the field of Toxinology comprehensively.

Climate Change and Marine and Freshwater Toxins

Author : Luis M. Botana
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN 13 : 3110625733
Total Pages : 669 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (16 download)

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Book Synopsis Climate Change and Marine and Freshwater Toxins by : Luis M. Botana

Download or read book Climate Change and Marine and Freshwater Toxins written by Luis M. Botana and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2020-12-16 with total page 669 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The increasingly widespread production of toxins by marine and freshwater microalgae raises serious concerns regarding seafood and drinking water safety. This book compiles studies on the influence of climate change on the spreading of toxin-producing species in aquatic systems. The chemistry and biology of toxin production is revised and an outlook on control and prevention of the toxins' impact on human and animal health is given.

Cyanotoxins

Author : Ingrid Chorus
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642595146
Total Pages : 374 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (425 download)

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Book Synopsis Cyanotoxins by : Ingrid Chorus

Download or read book Cyanotoxins written by Ingrid Chorus and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Toxic cyanobacteria are increasingly recognised as a potential hazard in water for human use. The recent availability of methods for quantitative screening is leading to a surge of research on their occurrence. This book presents a novel compilation of extensive screening results showing the cyanotoxin levels that may be expected when certain taxa dominate. These results indicate cyanotoxins to be the most widespread among the chemicals of concern in water used for drinking and recreation. It further combines field data with results from laboratory culture experiments to suggest a unifying view of how environmental factors control the cyanotoxin levels in natural waters. A practical section is dedicated to the exposure of humans through drinking-water and recreation.

The Degradation of Microcystin-LR Using Doped Visible Light Absorbing Photocatalysts

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (658 download)

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Book Synopsis The Degradation of Microcystin-LR Using Doped Visible Light Absorbing Photocatalysts by :

Download or read book The Degradation of Microcystin-LR Using Doped Visible Light Absorbing Photocatalysts written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microcystins are one of the primary hepatotoxic cyanotoxins released from cyanobacteria. The presence of these compounds in water has resulted in the death of both humans and domestic and wild animals. Although microcystins are chemically stable titanium dioxide photocatalysis has proven to be an effective process for the removal of these compounds in water. One problem with this process is that it requires UV light and therefore in order to develop effective commercial reactor units that could be powered by solar light it is necessary to utilize a photocatalyst that is active with visible light. In this paper we report on the application of four visible light absorbing photocatalysts for the destruction of microcystin-LR in water. The rhodium doped material proved to be the most effective material followed by a carbon-modified titania. The commercially available materials were both relatively poor photocatalysts under visible radiation while the platinum doped catalyst also displayed a limited activity for toxin destruction.

Microbial Enzymes in Aquatic Environments

Author : Ryszard J. Chrost
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 146123090X
Total Pages : 333 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (612 download)

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Book Synopsis Microbial Enzymes in Aquatic Environments by : Ryszard J. Chrost

Download or read book Microbial Enzymes in Aquatic Environments written by Ryszard J. Chrost and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Organic matter in aquatic environments consists mostly of large compounds which cannot be taken up and utilized directly by microbial cells. Prior to incorporation, polymeric materials undergo degradation by cell-bound and extracellular enzymes produced by these microbes; in fact, such enzymatic mobilization and transformation is the key process which regulates the turnover of organic as well as inorganic compounds in aquatic environments. This volume brings together studies on enzymatic degradation processes from disciplines as diverse as water and sediment research, bacterial and algal aquatic ecophysiology, eutrophication, and nutrient cycling and biogeochemistry, in both freshwater and marine ecosystems. Its scope extends from fundamental research exploring the contribution of microbial enzymatic processes to whole ecosystem functioning to practical applications in water biotechnology. The first comprehensive publication providing an overview of this emerging field of enzymology, Microbial Enzymes in Aquatic Environments will be of great interest to ecologists and microbiologists alike.

Advances in Applied Microbiology

Author :
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0080951031
Total Pages : 350 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis Advances in Applied Microbiology by :

Download or read book Advances in Applied Microbiology written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2009-03-10 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published since 1959, Advances in Applied Microbiology continues to be one of the most widely read and authoritative review sources in microbiology. The series contains comprehensive reviews of the most current research in applied microbiology. Recent areas covered include bacterial diversity in the human gut, protozoan grazing of freshwater biofilms, metals in yeast fermentation processes and the interpretation of host-pathogen dialogue through microarrays. Eclectic volumes are supplemented by thematic volumes on various topics, including Archaea and sick building syndrome. Impact factor for 2007: 1.821. - Contributions from leading authorities and industry experts - Informs and updates on all the latest developments in the field - Reference and guide for scientists and specialists involved in advancements in applied microbiology

Algal Toxins in Seafood and Drinking Water

Author : Ian R. Falconer
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 248 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis Algal Toxins in Seafood and Drinking Water by : Ian R. Falconer

Download or read book Algal Toxins in Seafood and Drinking Water written by Ian R. Falconer and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 1993-10-28 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Some taxonomic and biologic aspects of toxic dinoflagellates / Karen A. Steidinger -- Methods of analysis for algal toxins: dinoflagellate and diatom toxins / John J. Sullivan -- Mode of action of toxins of seafood poisoning / Daniel G. Baden, Vera L. Trainer -- Paralytic shellfish poisoning / C.Y. Kao -- Diarrhetic shellfish poisoning / Tore Aune, Magne Yndestad -- Ciguatera fish poisoning / Raymond Bagnis -- Control measures in shellfish and finfish industries in the USA / James Hungerford, Marleen Wekell -- Seafood toxins of algal origin and their control in Canada / A.D. Cembella, E. Todd -- Taxonomy of toxic cyanophyceae (Cyanobacteria) / Olav M. Skulberg [and others] -- Measurement of toxins from blue-green algae in water and foodstuffs / Ian R. Falconer -- Mechanism of toxicity of cyclic peptide toxins from blue-green algae / Ian R. Falconer -- Diseases related to freshwater blue-green algal toxins and control measures / Wayne W. Carmichael, Ian R. Falconer.