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Defining The Role Of The Reelin Signaling Pathway In Neurogenesis And Behavior A Zebrafish Model Of Autism Spectrum Disorders
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Book Synopsis Defining the Role of the Reelin Signaling Pathway in Neurogenesis and Behavior - a Zebrafish Model of Autism Spectrum Disorders by : Grace Kathryn Nevil
Download or read book Defining the Role of the Reelin Signaling Pathway in Neurogenesis and Behavior - a Zebrafish Model of Autism Spectrum Disorders written by Grace Kathryn Nevil and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 69 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Reelin in Autism Spectrum Disorders by : Katrina G. Anderson
Download or read book Reelin in Autism Spectrum Disorders written by Katrina G. Anderson and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis MET Signaling is Required for Multiple Aspects of Zebrafish Hindbrain Morphogenesis by : Louis Youn Choi
Download or read book MET Signaling is Required for Multiple Aspects of Zebrafish Hindbrain Morphogenesis written by Louis Youn Choi and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 141 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that is being diagnosed at increasing rates among young children. ASD is thought to have a genetic basis that leads to the abnormal development of neural networks. The search for genes that increase susceptibility to ASD has yielded many candidate genes, including several components of the MET signaling pathway. One promising candidate gene is MET, a receptor tyrosine kinase, which is activated by the ligand hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). Met-deficient mouse and chick models display abnormal development of the brain. Campbell et al., (2006) showed that ASD patients from a multiplex family were more likely to have a C allele instead of a G allele at a SNP in the 5' promoter region of MET compared to ASD patients from a simplex family; furthermore, the C allele was found to confer half of the normal transcription activity in transcription assays. Based on these studies, we established a zebrafish model to study Met signaling in the zebrafish hindbrain in order to find novel mechanisms involving met signaling and neurogenesis. First, we found that met, hgf1, and hgf2 mRNA are expressed in the zebrafish hindbrain during early somitogenesis. More specifically, met is expressed in the cerebellar primordium, including a subset of ventricular zone (VZ) progenitors. Hgf1 and hgf2 are also expressed in endoderm tissues underlying the neural tube. When we knocked down Met signaling by injecting morpholinos targeting met, hgf1, or hgf2, we found that cerebellar morphology was perturbed along the dorsal midline, accompanied by a sharp decrease in the number of differentiated neurons within the cerebellum. Met signaling-deficient embryos also exhibit reduced proliferation compared to control embryos. We found that Met signaling-deficient embryos failed to specify ptf1a -expressing VZ progenitor cells as well as VZ-derived Purkinje cells. While Met signaling-deficient embryos form a normal upper rhombic lip (URL), the URL-derived granule cells are reduced or lost in morphants. We also found that neuronal migration in the hindbrain is affected in Met signaling-deficient morphants, as the migration of facial branchiomotor neurons (FBMN) is incomplete. Lastly, we found that FBMN migration is abnormal in Met signaling morphants because of a loss of hgf signaling from the underlying endoderm. We demonstrated this by showing that casanova morphants, which lack endoderm formation, have FBMN migration defects, indicating that endoderm is required for FBMN migration. We were able to rescue FBMN migration in hgf morphants by grafting hgf-positive donor cells into the endoderm, demonstrating that hgf ligands from the endoderm signal to the FBMNs in the neuroectoderm for proper migration. Our work here uncovers new roles and mechanisms for Met signaling during zebrafish neurogenesis.
Book Synopsis Atlas of Early Zebrafish Brain Development by : Dr. Thomas Mueller
Download or read book Atlas of Early Zebrafish Brain Development written by Dr. Thomas Mueller and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2015-11-18 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Atlas of Early Zebrafish Brain Development: A Tool for Molecular Neurogenetics, Second Edition, remains the only neuroanatomical expression atlas of important genetic and immunohistochemical markers of this vertebrate model system. It represents a key reference and interpretation matrix for analyzing expression domains of genes involved in Zebrafish brain development and neurogenesis, and serves as a continuing milestone in this research area. This updated volume provides in-situ hybridized and immunostained preparations of complete series of brain sections, revealing markers of the fundamental stages in the life history of neuronal cells in very high quality preparations and photographic plates. Specific additions to this edition include documentation on the distribution of neurons expressing GABA, dopamine and serotonin, material on the basal ganglia, hypothalamus, and the caudal, segmented part of the diencephalon, new theories on the early organization of the telencephalon and thalamus, and integration of a comparative perspective on the mid- and hindbrain. - Documentation on the distribution of neurons expressing GABA, dopamine and serotonin - Material on the basal ganglia, hypothalamus, and the caudal, segmented part of the diencephalon - New theories about the early organization of the telencephalon and thalamus - Integration of a comparative perspective on the mid- and hindbrain
Download or read book Primary Cilia written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2009-11-30 with total page 423 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, the role of cilia in the study of health, development and disease has been increasingly clear, and new discoveries have made this an exciting and important field of research. This comprehensive volume, a complement to the new three-volume treatment of cilia and flagella by King and Pazour, presents easy-to-follow protocols and detailed background information for researchers working with cilia and flagella. - Covers protocols for primary cilia across several systems and species - Both classic and state-of-the-art methods readily adaptable across model systems, and designed to last the test of time - Relevant to clinicians and scientists working in a wide range of fields
Download or read book The Zebrafish written by Joseph A. Holden and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-01-21 with total page 157 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The zebrafish (Danio rerio) is a valuable and common model for researchers working in the fields of genetics, oncology and developmental sciences. This full-color atlas will aid experimental design and interpretation in these areas by providing a fundamental understanding of zebrafish anatomy. Over 150 photomicrographs are included and can be used for direct comparison with histological slides, allowing quick and accurate identification of the anatomic structures of interest. Hematoxylin and eosin stained longitudinal and transverse sections demonstrate gross anatomic relationships and illustrate the microscopic anatomy of major organs. Unlike much of the current literature, this book is focused exclusively on the zebrafish, eliminating the need for researchers to exclude structures that are only found in other fish.
Book Synopsis Autism Spectrum Disorders: Developmental Trajectories, Neurobiological Basis, Treatment Update by : Roberto Canitano
Download or read book Autism Spectrum Disorders: Developmental Trajectories, Neurobiological Basis, Treatment Update written by Roberto Canitano and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2017-08-30 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Research Topic has the aim to fill the gap of the many unresolved scientific issues on Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) that are still in need of investigation, Targeted treatments based on the understanding of the underlying pathogenic mechanisms of disease are still lacking. Further research is awaited and should be obtained through a significant effort on experimental treatment trials and neuroscience research. This Topic is divided in two main sections, one covering clinical issues and another on basic neurosciences of Autism Spectrum Disorders. A more detailed description of the contents of the articles is provided in the editorial at the beginning of the issue.
Book Synopsis Extracellular and Intracellular Signaling by : James D. Adams
Download or read book Extracellular and Intracellular Signaling written by James D. Adams and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2011 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intracellular cell signaling is a well understood process. However, extracellular signals such as hormones, adipokines, cytokines and neurotransmitters are just as important but have been largely ignored in other works. Aimed at medical professionals and pharmaceutical specialists, this book integrates extracellular and intracellular signalling processes and offers a fresh perspective on new drug targets.
Book Synopsis Receptor Tyrosine Kinases: Family and Subfamilies by : Deric L. Wheeler
Download or read book Receptor Tyrosine Kinases: Family and Subfamilies written by Deric L. Wheeler and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-07-31 with total page 888 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book devotes a chapter to each RTK family and the multiple receptors within each family, thoroughly covering all of the RTKs. The chapters all follow the same structure, presenting this essential information in an accessible and user-friendly format. Each chapter covers one specific family of receptors and begins with a general introduction to that family and a comprehensive discussion of that receptor’s family in development and human disease. Following are in-depth analyses of each family’s receptors with discussions on the gene, protein, ligands, activation, and signaling pathways along with discussion of receptor processing and signal attenuation. Further, cross talk with other receptors systems, post-translational modification and specific unique characteristics to each RTK are discussed. Because it isolates and explains each family, this book is an essential companion volume to Receptor Tyrosine Kinases: Structure, Functions and Role in Human Disease, by the same authors, which talks about RTKs more generally and without the family-by-family detail.
Book Synopsis Mechanisms of Neuronal Migration during Corticogenesis by : Chiaki Ohtaka-Maruyama
Download or read book Mechanisms of Neuronal Migration during Corticogenesis written by Chiaki Ohtaka-Maruyama and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2016-07-15 with total page 185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The cerebral cortex plays central roles in many higher-order functions such as cognition, language, consciousness, and the control of voluntary behavior. These processes are performed by the densely interconnected networks of excitatory pyramidal neurons and inhibitory interneurons, and the balanced development of these two types of neuron is quite important. During cortical development, pyramidal neurons and interneurons show quite different migratory behaviors: radial migration and tangential migration, respectively. Pyramidal neurons are generated in the ventricular zone of the dorsal telencephalon, and migrate radially along radial glial fibers toward the pial surface, forming a six-layered cortical structure in an “ inside-out” manner. On the other hand, cortical interneurons are generated in the medial and caudal ganglionic eminence in the ventral telencephalon, and follow long tangential migratory paths into the cortex. Defects in these migration processes result in abnormalities in the cortical layer structure and neuronal networks, which may cause various neurological and psychiatric conditions such as epilepsy and schizophrenia. Accordingly, besides basic scientific interest, elucidation of the mechanism of neuronal migration is essential for understanding the pathogenesis of these diseases. This Research Topic includes a series of articles ranging from the basic mechanism of neocortical development to the malformation and evolution of the neocortex. We do hope that the present ebook will further stimulate the interest in the fascinating investigations of neuronal migration and corticogenesis.
Book Synopsis Gadd45 Stress Sensor Genes by : Dan A. Liebermann
Download or read book Gadd45 Stress Sensor Genes written by Dan A. Liebermann and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-10-08 with total page 141 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Emerging evidence indicates that the Gadd45 family of genes play a unique and critical role as sensors of stress, including genotoxic, physiological and oncogenic stress. The stress response Gadd45 family of genes (Gadd45a, Gadd45b & Gadd45g), discovered by Dr. Liebermann and other researchers, encode for small (18 kd) nuclear/cytoplasmic proteins). These genes are rapidly induced by a wide variety of endogenous and exogenous stress stimuli. In spite of marked similarities, Gadd45 genes are regulated differently & exhibit functional diversity. Gadd45 are implicated in cell cycle arrest, DNA demethylation & repair, apoptosis, cell survival, genomic stability, inflammation, & in response to physiological and oncogenic stress. Functions of Gadd45 genes are mediated by protein-protein interactions that modulate structure/function of other cellular proteins implicated in cell cycle regulation and the response of cells to stress; these interactions vary depending upon the biological setting including cell type, developmental stage and stress/stimulus. Protein partners include cdc2/cyclinB1, p21, the p38/JNK stress induced kinase pathways, and PCNA/histones. The purpose of this book is to provide a comprehensive picture of the unique global role Gadd45 genes play as stress sensors & the molecular pathways involved.
Book Synopsis Clinical Neuroembryology by : Hans J. ten Donkelaar
Download or read book Clinical Neuroembryology written by Hans J. ten Donkelaar and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-09-07 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Progress in developmental neurobiology and advances in (neuro) genetics have been spectacular. The high resolution of modern imaging techniques applicable to developmental disorders of the human brain and spinal cord have created a novel insight into the developmental history of the central nervous system (CNS). This book provides a comprehensive overview of the development of the human CNS in the context of its many developmental disorders. It provides a unique combination of data from human embryology, animal research and developmental neuropathology, and there are more than 400 figures in over a hundred separate illustrations.
Book Synopsis Pharmacoepigenetics by : Ramón Cacabelos
Download or read book Pharmacoepigenetics written by Ramón Cacabelos and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-06-04 with total page 986 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pharmacoepigenetics provides a comprehensive volume on the role of epigenetics and epigenomics in drug discovery and development, providing a detailed, but accessible, view of the field, from basic principles, to applications in disease therapeutics. Leading international researchers from across academia, clinical settings and the pharmaceutical industry discuss the influence of epigenetics and epigenomics in human pathology, epigenetic biomarkers for disease prediction, diagnosis, and treatment, current epigenetic drugs, and the application of epigenetic procedures in drug development. Throughout the book, chapter authors offer a balanced and objective discussion of the future of pharmacoepigenetics and its crucial contribution to the growth of precision and personalized medicine. - Fully examines the influence of epigenetics and epigenomics in human pathology, epigenetic biomarkers for disease prediction, diagnosis, treatment, current epigenetic drugs and the application of epigenetic procedures in drug development - Features chapter contributions from leading international researchers in academia, clinical settings and the pharmaceutical industry - Instructs researchers, students and clinicians on how to better interpret and employ pharmacoepigenetics in drug development, efficiency and safety - Provides a balanced and objective discussion of the future of pharmacoepigenetics and its crucial role in precision medicine
Book Synopsis Principles of Psychiatric Genetics by : John I. Nurnberger
Download or read book Principles of Psychiatric Genetics written by John I. Nurnberger and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-09-13 with total page 415 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive, up-to-date resource providing information about genetic influences on disorders of behavior.
Book Synopsis The Neurobiology of Schizophrenia by : Ted Abel
Download or read book The Neurobiology of Schizophrenia written by Ted Abel and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-07-08 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Neurobiology of Schizophrenia begins with an overview of the various facets and levels of schizophrenia pathophysiology, ranging systematically from its genetic basis over changes in neurochemistry and electrophysiology to a systemic neural circuits level. When possible, the editors point out connections between the various systems. The editors also depict methods and research strategies used in the respective field. The individual backgrounds of the two editors promote a synthesis between basic neuroscience and clinical relevance. - Provides a comprehensive overview of neurobiological aspects of schizophrenia - Discusses schizophrenia at behavioral, cognitive, clinical, electrophysiological, molecular, and genetic levels - Edited by a translational researcher and a psychiatrist to promote synthesis between basic neuroscience and clinical relevance - Elucidates connections between the various systems depicted, when possible
Book Synopsis The Sticky Synapse by : Michael Hortsch
Download or read book The Sticky Synapse written by Michael Hortsch and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-06-07 with total page 451 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The molecular mechanisms, which are responsible for the functional differences between the various types of neuronal synapses, have become one of the central themes of modern neurobiology. It is becoming increasingly clear that a misregulation of synaptogenesis and synaptic remodeling and dysfunctional neuronal synapses are at the heart of several human diseases, both neurological disorders and psychiatric conditions. As synapses present specialized cellular junctions between neurons and their target cells, it may not come as a surprise that neural cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) are of special importance for the genesis and the maintenance of synaptic connections. Genes encoding adhesive molecules make up a significant portion of the human genome, and neural CAMs even have been postulated to be a major factor in the evolution of the human brain. These are just some of the many reasons why we thought a book on neural CAMs and their role in establishing and maintaining neuronal synapses would be highly appropriate for summarizing our current state of knowledge. Without question, over the near future, additional adhesive proteins will join the ranks of synaptic CAMs and our knowledge, and how these molecules enable neurons and their targets to communicate effectively will grow.
Book Synopsis Perinatal Inflammation and Adult Psychopathology by : Antonio L. Teixeira
Download or read book Perinatal Inflammation and Adult Psychopathology written by Antonio L. Teixeira and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-04-07 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Perinatal psychiatry is an emerging field that investigates the role of perinatal events – for example pregnancy complications and infections – in the development of neuropsychiatric conditions, such as schizophrenia and mood disorders. Among the implicated pathological mechanisms, perinatal-induced inflammation seems to play a major role and is being considered as a potential target for therapeutic intervention. Bringing together various approaches in the field (preclinical and clinical, epidemiological, immunological and genetic methods), the book discusses the available evidence, the putative mechanisms and the challenges ahead.
