Defiant, Blenheim and Havoc Aces

Download Defiant, Blenheim and Havoc Aces PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1780964382
Total Pages : 223 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (89 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Defiant, Blenheim and Havoc Aces by : Andrew Thomas

Download or read book Defiant, Blenheim and Havoc Aces written by Andrew Thomas and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2012-11-20 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Blenheim IF flew some of Fighter Command's early offensive operations, and the type soon proved vulnerable when pitted against single-seat fighters. However, for much of 1940 the Blenheim fighter squadrons provided the RAF's main long-range convoy escort and nightfighter capability. In the mid-1930s, in an attempt to capitalise on its expertise in power-operated gun turrets, the Boulton Paul Company developed the Defiant, a single-engined fighter in which all the armament was concentrated in the turret behind the pilot. Intended as a 'bomber destroyer', the Defiant had its combat debut over Dunkirk, and initially achieved some considerable success. A number of American-built aircraft called Douglas DB-7 light bombers (named Havoc by the RAF), were fitted with radar for nightfighter duties and others successfully replaced the Blenheim as night intruders. A total of 11 pilots claimed five or more victories when flying these three types to become aces, whilst no fewer than 33 who became aces claimed at least part of their scores when flying the Blenheim, Defiant or Havoc.

Defiant, Blenheim and Havoc Aces

Download Defiant, Blenheim and Havoc Aces PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1849086672
Total Pages : 97 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (49 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Defiant, Blenheim and Havoc Aces by : Andrew Thomas

Download or read book Defiant, Blenheim and Havoc Aces written by Andrew Thomas and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2012-11-20 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Blenheim IF flew some of Fighter Command's early offensive operations, and the type soon proved vulnerable when pitted against single-seat fighters. However, for much of 1940 the Blenheim fighter squadrons provided the RAF's main long-range convoy escort and nightfighter capability. In the mid-1930s, in an attempt to capitalise on its expertise in power-operated gun turrets, the Boulton Paul Company developed the Defiant, a single-engined fighter in which all the armament was concentrated in the turret behind the pilot. Intended as a 'bomber destroyer', the Defiant had its combat debut over Dunkirk, and initially achieved some considerable success. A number of American-built aircraft called Douglas DB-7 light bombers (named Havoc by the RAF), were fitted with radar for nightfighter duties and others successfully replaced the Blenheim as night intruders. A total of 11 pilots claimed five or more victories when flying these three types to become aces, whilst no fewer than 33 who became aces claimed at least part of their scores when flying the Blenheim, Defiant or Havoc.

World War II Fighter Planes Spotter's Guide

Download World War II Fighter Planes Spotter's Guide PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1472848500
Total Pages : 289 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (728 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis World War II Fighter Planes Spotter's Guide by : Tony Holmes

Download or read book World War II Fighter Planes Spotter's Guide written by Tony Holmes and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2021-02-04 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: World War II saw pilots from around the world battling in the skies over Europe, Asia and Africa, with victory resting upon their nerve, skill and the capabilities of some of history's most iconic aircraft. In the chaos of battle, it was vital that they could quickly identify friend from foe. But do you know your Hurricane from your Bf 109, or what the legendary P-51 Mustang looks like? Do you know the wingspan of the A6M Zero-sen, or how fast it could fly? THE WORLD WAR II FIGHTER PLANES SPOTTER'S GUIDE answers all of these questions and more, providing essential information on over 90 legendary aircraft, from the celebrated Spitfire to the jet-powered Me 262. Featuring full-colour artwork to aid recognition, as well as all the details you need to assess their performance, this is the perfect pocket guide to the Allied and Axis fighters of World War II.

Balloon-Busting Aces of World War 1

Download Balloon-Busting Aces of World War 1 PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1472803698
Total Pages : 97 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (728 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Balloon-Busting Aces of World War 1 by : Jon Guttman

Download or read book Balloon-Busting Aces of World War 1 written by Jon Guttman and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2013-05-20 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tethered balloons reached their zenith as a means of providing a stationary observation platform above the battlefield during World War I. It took a special breed of daredevil to take on such odds deep in enemy lines in order to destroy a balloon, with Balloon specialists such as Willy Coppens, Pierre Bourjade and Michel Coiffard rising to the challenge. This book covers the story of these 'balloon busters' from both sides in World War 1 through a mix of first-hand accounts and expert analysis, which compares tactics, theatres of operation, aircraft types and the overall odds for success.

Russian Aces of World War 1

Download Russian Aces of World War 1 PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1780960603
Total Pages : 97 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (89 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Russian Aces of World War 1 by : Victor Kulikov

Download or read book Russian Aces of World War 1 written by Victor Kulikov and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2013-04-20 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although the Russian Imperial Army Air Service consisted of no more than four BAGs (Boevaya Aviatsionniy Gruppa – battle aviation groups), each controlling three or four smaller AOIs (Aviatsionniy Otryad Istrebitelei – fighter aviation detachments) equipped with a variety of aircraft types, its fighter pilots nevertheless gave a good account of themselves. Indeed, during three years of war they claimed more than 200 Austro-Hungarian and German aircraft shot down, creating 13 aces – these elite aviators accounted for around half of the victories claimed on the Eastern Front. Pilots flew a variety of fighter types, with French Nieuport scouts and SPAD VIIs proving to be the most popular, and effective, aeroplanes to see service on this front. The exploits of these aces are detailed here, with information based on material newly sourced by the author from Russian military and private archives. Many previously unpublished photographs are used to illustrate this book, supported by full-colour profiles that reveal how striking some of the aces' fighters were in this often-forgotten theatre of World War 1.

MiG-3 Aces of World War 2

Download MiG-3 Aces of World War 2 PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1849084432
Total Pages : 97 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (49 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis MiG-3 Aces of World War 2 by : Dmitriy Khazanov

Download or read book MiG-3 Aces of World War 2 written by Dmitriy Khazanov and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2013-05-20 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The MiG-1/3 family of fighters was built to satisfy a Soviet Air Force requirement for an advanced, fast, high-altitude fighter. Entering service in the spring of 1941, the problematic MiG-1 had its handling issues rectified with the hasty production of the MiG-3. Many of these were destroyed on the ground when the Germans launched Operation Barbarossa. Nevertheless, enough examples survived to allow pilots such as Stepan Suprun and Aleksandr Pokryshkin to claim a number of victories in the type. This book tells the complete story of the men who made ace in the first examples of the famous MiG fighter.

Brewster F2A Buffalo Aces of World War 2

Download Brewster F2A Buffalo Aces of World War 2 PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1849082499
Total Pages : 97 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (49 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Brewster F2A Buffalo Aces of World War 2 by : Kari Stenman

Download or read book Brewster F2A Buffalo Aces of World War 2 written by Kari Stenman and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2013-06-20 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although designed and built for the US Navy, the F2A fought in only one major US engagement, the battle of Midway, in which F2A pilots managed to shoot down a number of Japanese fighters. Soon replaced by the navy, the F2A was exported to Britain, where it was nicknamed the 'Buffalo' thanks to its stubby appearance. The British sent most of these fighters to the Far East where they were used in the defence of Singapore and Malaya. It was in the Winter War, however, that the F2A truly found a home. Calling the plane simply the Brewster, the Finnish flew it against the invading Russians. Overall 37 Finns achieved ace status flying the Brewster, and it was the Finnish fighter of choice until succeeded by the Bf 109 in 1943.

Fokker D.XXI Aces of World War 2

Download Fokker D.XXI Aces of World War 2 PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1780960638
Total Pages : 97 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (89 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Fokker D.XXI Aces of World War 2 by : Kari Stenman

Download or read book Fokker D.XXI Aces of World War 2 written by Kari Stenman and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2013-04-20 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Dutch D.XXIs saw less than a week of action following the German invasion of the west on 10 May 1940, with many of the country's 28 fighters being destroyed on the ground. However, those that survived the initial onslaught inflicted losses on the Luftwaffe. By then, however, the D.XXI had found everlasting fame in Finland during the Winter War of 1939-40. Proving itself a real thorn in the side of the Soviets, the fighter, operating in primitive conditions and against vastly superior numbers, Finnish D.XXIs racked up an incredible score against the Red Air Force. The D.XXI also has the distinction of producing the first 'ace in a single mission' in World War 2, when then 1Lt Jorma Sarvanto shot down six Ilyushin DB-3 bombers on 6 January 1940. After spending a year providing home defence and flying coastal patrols during the early stages of the Continuation War in 1941, all surviving Finnish Fokker D.XXIs were relegated to the reconnaissance role, which they performed through to the end of hostilities in September 1944.

Spanish Republican Aces

Download Spanish Republican Aces PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1780964404
Total Pages : 161 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (89 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Spanish Republican Aces by : Rafael A López Permuy

Download or read book Spanish Republican Aces written by Rafael A López Permuy and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2013-03-20 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At the start of the Spanish Civil War, most young fighter pilot officers joined the rebels, while the high ranking officers, grupo or escuadrilla commanders, and the NCOs, sergeants and corporals remained loyal to the government. Mostly flying the obsolete Nieuport Ni.52s these loyalists were soon outpaced by the more modern Fiat CR.32s and Heinkel He 51s. However, at this early stage of the war, there were several Republican airmen who became aces and famous in the process, despite the small numbers of enemy aircraft shot down. Widely speaking, the Republican military aviation did not keep an exhaustive record of individual shooting claims. However, sufficient documentation exists to make a reasonable assumption as to which pilots fall into the ace category. This volume details the exploits of those pilots, complementing previous works in the Osprey Aircraft of the Aces series on Nationalist CR.32 Aces and Polikarpov I-15, I-16 and I-152 Aces.

American Aces against the Kamikaze

Download American Aces against the Kamikaze PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1849087466
Total Pages : 96 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (49 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis American Aces against the Kamikaze by : Edward M. Young

Download or read book American Aces against the Kamikaze written by Edward M. Young and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2013-09-20 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Japanese High Command realised that the loss of Okinawa would give the Americans a base for the invasion of Japan. Its desperate response was to unleash the full force of the Special Attack Units, known in the west as the Kamikaze ('Divine Wind'). In a series of mass attacks in between April and June 1945, more than 900 Kamikaze aeroplanes were shot down. Conventional fighters and bombers accompanied the Special Attack Units as escorts, and to add their own weight to the attacks on the US fleet. In the air battles leading up to the invasion of Okinawa, as well as those that raged over the island in the three months that followed, the Japanese lost more than 7,000 aircraft both in the air and on the ground. In the course of the fighting, 67 Navy, 21 Marine, and three USAAF pilots became aces. In many ways it was an uneven combat and on numerous occasions following these uneven contests, American fighter pilots would return from combat having shot down up to six Japanese aeroplanes during a single mission.

V1 Flying Bomb Aces

Download V1 Flying Bomb Aces PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1780962932
Total Pages : 96 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (89 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis V1 Flying Bomb Aces by : Andrew Thomas

Download or read book V1 Flying Bomb Aces written by Andrew Thomas and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2013-09-20 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Shortly after the Allied landings in France the Germans unleashed the first of their so-called 'revenge weapons', the V1 flying bomb. Launched from specially constructed sites in northern France, the fast, small, pulse-jet powered pilotless aircraft were aimed at London with the sole intent of destroying civilian morale to the point where the British government would be forced to sue for peace. This dangerous new threat drew an immediate response, and the Air Defence of Great Britain (as Fighter Command had been temporarily renamed) established layers of defence that included a gun line and balloon barrage. The main element, however, were standing patrols by the fastest piston-engined fighters available to the RAF – the new Tempest V and Griffon-powered Spitfire XIV. Other types were allocated too, most notably the Polish Mustang wing, while night defence was left in the capable hands of several dedicated Mosquito squadrons. Although pilotless, the V1 was no easy foe thanks to its speed, powerful warhead and sheer unpredictability. Nevertheless, 154 pilots became V1 aces, 25 of whom were also aces against manned aircraft.

Spitfire Aces of Northwest Europe 1944-45

Download Spitfire Aces of Northwest Europe 1944-45 PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1782003398
Total Pages : 96 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (82 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Spitfire Aces of Northwest Europe 1944-45 by : Andrew Thomas

Download or read book Spitfire Aces of Northwest Europe 1944-45 written by Andrew Thomas and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2014-09-20 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book traces the achievements of the pilots flying the iconic Spitfire in Northwest Europe, and examines how the steady technological improvements that were made throughout the Spitfire's service life improved its capabilities in the air. Based at airfields throughout southern England, Merlin engine Spitfires provided the bulk of the air cover for the D-Day landings and it was an RCAF Spitfire which claimed the first ever ME 262 jet kill. 36 colour profiles covering a broad spectrum of nationalities, units, pilots, theatres and markings complement thorough research throughout this comprehensive account of these crucial fighter aircraft.

Beaufighter Aces of World War 2

Download Beaufighter Aces of World War 2 PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1472801717
Total Pages : 150 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (728 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Beaufighter Aces of World War 2 by : Andrew Thomas

Download or read book Beaufighter Aces of World War 2 written by Andrew Thomas and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2013-02-20 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Entering service at the end of the Battle of Britain, the pugnacious Bristol Beaufighter was deployed in numbers by Fighter Command just in time for the start of the Luftwaffe's night 'Blitz' on Britain. Flown by specialised nightfighter squadrons – several of them elite pre-war Auxiliary Air Force units – it was the first nightfighter to be equipped with an airborne radar as standard. Thus equipped, it combined the ability to 'see' the enemy at night with the devastating hitting power of four cannon and six machine guns. This book covers the exploits of the men who made ace in the Beaufighter and includes stunning original artwork together with first hand accounts of the action.

Innovating Victory

Download Innovating Victory PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Naval Institute Press
ISBN 13 : 1682477339
Total Pages : 211 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (824 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Innovating Victory by : Vincent O'Hara

Download or read book Innovating Victory written by Vincent O'Hara and published by Naval Institute Press. This book was released on 2022-04-15 with total page 211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Innovating Victory: Naval Technology in Three Wars studies how the world’s navies incorporated new technologies into their ships, their practices, and their doctrine. It does this by examining six core technologies fundamental to twentieth-century naval warfare including new platforms (submarines and aircraft), new weapons (torpedoes and mines), and new tools (radar and radio). Each chapter considers the state of a subject technology when it was first used in war and what navies expected of it. It then looks at the way navies discovered and developed the technology’s best use, in many cases overcoming disappointed expectations. It considers how a new technology threatened its opponents, not to mention its users, and how those threats were managed. Innovating Victory shows that the use of technology is more than introducing and mastering a new weapon or system. Differences in national resources, force mixtures, priorities, perceptions, and missions forced nations to approach the problems presented by new technologies in different ways. Navies that specialized in specific technologies often held advantages over enemies in some areas but found themselves disadvantaged in others. Vincent P. O'Hara and Leonard R. Heinz present new perspectives and explore the process of technological introduction and innovation in a way that is relevant to today’s navies, which face challenges and questions even greater than those of 1904, 1914, and 1939.

Ki-27 ‘Nate’ Aces

Download Ki-27 ‘Nate’ Aces PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Osprey Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9781849086622
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (866 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Ki-27 ‘Nate’ Aces by : Nicholas Millman

Download or read book Ki-27 ‘Nate’ Aces written by Nicholas Millman and published by Osprey Publishing. This book was released on 2013-08-20 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduced into service early in 1938 during a time of extensive re-organisation of Army air units, the Ki-27, known as the 97 Sen by its pilots, achieved its first successes during the so-called 'China Incident' against the mainly biplane types operated by the Chinese. On 10 April 1938 Ki-27 pilots of the 2nd Daitai (later to become the 64th Sentai) claimed 24 Chinese biplane fighters shot down for the loss of only two of their own. Almost within a year of its combat debut against the Chinese the 97 Sen was to be tested in fighting against the Russians during the Nomonhan Incident of 1939. Initially the 97 Sen proved superior to the Soviet I-16 monoplanes, but the latter were hastily modified to better engage the Japanese fighter and the Russian pilots rapidly adapted to exploit their own strengths and the enemy weaknesses. A handful of Japanese Army Air Force (JAAF) aces emerged from this showdown to be lauded by the Japanese press and ever associated with the iconic 97 Sen - Shimada the 'Red-Legged Hawk', Shihonara the 'Richthofen of the Orient' and Yoshiyama, the 'warrior of the Holombile Plateau'. These were the glory days for the JAAF and many of the successful 97 Sen pilots went on to become the outstanding leaders and veteran aces of the Pacific War. By December, 1941 the JAAF had just started to replace the 97 Sen with the more modern Hayabusa, but the fixed undercarriage fighter still equipped 17 of the 19 Army fighter Sentai and took the brunt of the offensive against the British and Americans in Southeast Asia and the Philippines, as well as the Homeland Defence capability at the time of the Doolittle Raid. Initially facing more modern Allied types of fighter, the 97 Sen was more than able to hold its own by exploiting its outstanding aerobatic qualities. But the writing was on the wall for an unarmoured, fixed undercarriage aircraft with two rifle-calibre machine guns as the Allies consolidated and began their fightback. In China, Chennault had already assessed the 97 Sen's strengths and weaknesses, describing it as a fighter that 'climbs like a sky rocket and manoeuvres like a squirrel'. Prior to the outbreak of the Pacific War he had sent a complete dossier on the type to the USA where it was studiously ignored. The pace of re-equipment with new types and the resurgence of Allied airpower required JAAF units to continue with the 97 Sen as main equipment, especially on the quieter fronts and in Home Defence. By 1943 it was considered seriously obsolete but was still being encountered in combat by Allied pilots, especially in the air defence role. The Ki-27 also found an important secondary role as an armed fighter trainer, equipping an important number of training units and flying schools. The Mansyu Ki-79, a purpose built trainer produced in both single and two-seater versions, was based on the Ki-27. It also served expediently in the suicide attack role and in at least one epic air defence combat. In February 1945, over Chiba, experienced ace WO Masatoshi Masuzawa, flying one of the open cockpit trainers, downed a US Navt Hellcat. Masuzawa had scored his first victory in a 97 Sen over Nomonhan in 1939, and in three months of fighting there had claimed 12 enemy aircraft shot down. He epitomised the veteran JAAF flyers who had first taken the 97 Sen to war and survived to see the atom bombs dropped on their homeland.

American Nightfighter Aces of World War 2

Download American Nightfighter Aces of World War 2 PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1846037794
Total Pages : 97 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (46 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis American Nightfighter Aces of World War 2 by : Warren Thompson

Download or read book American Nightfighter Aces of World War 2 written by Warren Thompson and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2013-02-20 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Americans lagged behind their European contemporaries in military aviation in the late 1930s, and it took the Battle of Britain to awaken America to the necessity of having aircraft that could defend targets against night-time attack by bomber aircraft. This book examines the numerous aircraft types that were used by the US in this role, beginning with the early stop-gap conversions like the TBM Avenger, Lockheed Ventura and the A-20 Havoc (P-70). It goes on to detail the combat history of the newer, radar-equipped Hellcats, Corsairs and Black Widows that were designed to seek out enemy aircraft and which registered most of the kills made by the Navy, Marine Corps and USAAF in 1944–45. With full-colour profiles and rare photographs, this is an absorbing account of an underestimated flying force: the American Nightfighters.

Tupolev TU-22

Download Tupolev TU-22 PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Pen and Sword
ISBN 13 : 1473819946
Total Pages : 362 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (738 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Tupolev TU-22 by : Sergey Burdin

Download or read book Tupolev TU-22 written by Sergey Burdin and published by Pen and Sword. This book was released on 2005-11-17 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This historic Russian aircraft was first delivered to the Soviet Air Force at the height of the Cold War in 1961. It remained in service until replaced by the much modified Tu-22M Backfire which was introduced in the early 1970s and still remains in service. It was the first Soviet supersonic bomber and was used for reconnaissance and bombing, in the latter role carrying either conventional or nuclear bombs. The early aircraft had a range of 1,800 miles but later models had a much increased radius of action through the introduction of in-flight refuelling. This book looks at the design and development of the aircraft up to the introduction of the type M Backfire. Details of construction, weapon systems, photo-reconnaissance and jamming equipment are included to cover the several variant models. Operational use is explained and the text includes many first-hand accounts from Russian aircrew of the period. The book will be superbly illustrated by unique official photographs and manuals.