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Book Synopsis Constrained Coding and Soft Iterative Decoding by : John L. Fan
Download or read book Constrained Coding and Soft Iterative Decoding written by John L. Fan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Constrained Coding and Soft Iterative Decoding is the first work to combine the issues of constrained coding and soft iterative decoding (e.g., turbo and LDPC codes) from a unified point of view. Since constrained coding is widely used in magnetic and optical storage, it is necessary to use some special techniques (modified concatenation scheme or bit insertion) in order to apply soft iterative decoding. Recent breakthroughs in the design and decoding of error-control codes (ECCs) show significant potential for improving the performance of many communications systems. ECCs such as turbo codes and low-density parity check (LDPC) codes can be represented by graphs and decoded by passing probabilistic (a.k.a. `soft') messages along the edges of the graph. This message-passing algorithm yields powerful decoders whose performance can approach the theoretical limits on capacity. This exposition uses `normal graphs,' introduced by Forney, which extend in a natural manner to block diagram representations of the system and provide a simple unified framework for the decoding of ECCs, constrained codes, and channels with memory. Soft iterative decoding is illustrated by the application of turbo codes and LDPC codes to magnetic recording channels. For magnetic and optical storage, an issue arises in the use of constrained coding, which places restrictions on the sequences that can be transmitted through the channel; the use of constrained coding in combination with soft ECC decoders is addressed by the modified concatenation scheme also known as `reverse concatenation.' Moreover, a soft constraint decoder yields additional coding gain from the redundancy in the constraint, which may be of practical interest in the case of optical storage. In addition, this monograph presents several other research results (including the design of sliding-block lossless compression codes, and the decoding of array codes as LDPC codes). Constrained Coding and Soft Iterative Decoding will prove useful to students, researchers and professional engineers who are interested in understanding this new soft iterative decoding paradigm and applying it in communications and storage systems.
Book Synopsis Logical Design of Decoder and Time Interval Measurement in a Reentry System Test Set by : Richard L. Sonne
Download or read book Logical Design of Decoder and Time Interval Measurement in a Reentry System Test Set written by Richard L. Sonne and published by . This book was released on with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis High-Speed Decoders for Polar Codes by : Pascal Giard
Download or read book High-Speed Decoders for Polar Codes written by Pascal Giard and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-08-30 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A new class of provably capacity achieving error-correction codes, polar codes are suitable for many problems, such as lossless and lossy source coding, problems with side information, multiple access channel, etc. The first comprehensive book on the implementation of decoders for polar codes, the authors take a tutorial approach to explain the practical decoder implementation challenges and trade-offs in either software or hardware. They also demonstrate new trade-offs in latency, throughput, and complexity in software implementations for high-performance computing and GPGPUs, and hardware implementations using custom processing elements, full-custom application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), and field-programmable-gate arrays (FPGAs). Presenting a good overview of this research area and future directions, High-Speed Decoders for Polar Codes is perfect for any researcher or SDR practitioner looking into implementing efficient decoders for polar codes, as well as students and professors in a modern error correction class. As polar codes have been accepted to protect the control channel in the next-generation mobile communication standard (5G) developed by the 3GPP, the audience includes engineers who will have to implement decoders for such codes and hardware engineers designing the backbone of communication networks.
Book Synopsis A Viterbi Decoder by : L. van de Meeberg
Download or read book A Viterbi Decoder written by L. van de Meeberg and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Guessing Random Additive Noise Decoding by : Syed Mohsin Abbas
Download or read book Guessing Random Additive Noise Decoding written by Syed Mohsin Abbas and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-08-17 with total page 157 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book gives a detailed overview of a universal Maximum Likelihood (ML) decoding technique, known as Guessing Random Additive Noise Decoding (GRAND), has been introduced for short-length and high-rate linear block codes. The interest in short channel codes and the corresponding ML decoding algorithms has recently been reignited in both industry and academia due to emergence of applications with strict reliability and ultra-low latency requirements . A few of these applications include Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communication, augmented and virtual Reality, Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), the Internet of Things (IoTs), and Ultra-Reliable and Low Latency Communications (URLLC), which is an important use case for the 5G-NR standard. GRAND features both soft-input and hard-input variants. Moreover, there are traditional GRAND variants that can be used with any communication channel, and specialized GRAND variants that are developed for a specific communication channel. This book presents a detailed overview of these GRAND variants and their hardware architectures. The book is structured into four parts. Part 1 introduces linear block codes and the GRAND algorithm. Part 2 discusses the hardware architecture for traditional GRAND variants that can be applied to any underlying communication channel. Part 3 describes the hardware architectures for specialized GRAND variants developed for specific communication channels. Lastly, Part 4 provides an overview of recently proposed GRAND variants and their unique applications. This book is ideal for researchers or engineers looking to implement high-throughput and energy-efficient hardware for GRAND, as well as seasoned academics and graduate students interested in the topic of VLSI hardware architectures. Additionally, it can serve as reading material in graduate courses covering modern error correcting codes and Maximum Likelihood decoding for short codes.
Book Synopsis Turbo-like Codes by : Aliazam Abbasfar
Download or read book Turbo-like Codes written by Aliazam Abbasfar and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-09-09 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces turbo error correcting concept in a simple language, including a general theory and the algorithms for decoding turbo-like code. It presents a unified framework for the design and analysis of turbo codes and LDPC codes and their decoding algorithms. A major focus is on high speed turbo decoding, which targets applications with data rates of several hundred million bits per second (Mbps).
Book Synopsis A Comparison of Hardware and Software Implementations of Two Different Decoder Algorithms for Reed-Solomon Codes by : Kevin L. Bonitz
Download or read book A Comparison of Hardware and Software Implementations of Two Different Decoder Algorithms for Reed-Solomon Codes written by Kevin L. Bonitz and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Popular Culture written by Roger Clestin and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 1997 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Decoding Chinese Bilateral Investment Treaties by : Shen Wei
Download or read book Decoding Chinese Bilateral Investment Treaties written by Shen Wei and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-08-26 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprehensively investigate key characteristics, evolutionary path, driving forces, interpreting methodologies, and some missing puzzles of Chinese BITs.
Book Synopsis Final Report on Hobbs' Failsafe Decoder by : C. F. Hobbs
Download or read book Final Report on Hobbs' Failsafe Decoder written by C. F. Hobbs and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To improve the reliability of digital communications systems, an encoder/decoder was designed, constructed, and evaluated for failsafe and error correction capabilities under stationary gaussian noise conditions. It employs a random error-correcting (73,45) cyclic code in a binary erasure channel. The code is in the class of difference set cyclic codes. Discussed are trade-offs between failsafe communication and efficiency of transmission rate. Also discussed is a special threshold detection technique for error correction purposes. Included is a brief description of the experimental system and the procedures used for computer evaluation. (Author).
Book Synopsis The Michigan Algorithm Decoder by : Bruce W. Arden
Download or read book The Michigan Algorithm Decoder written by Bruce W. Arden and published by . This book was released on 1960 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Turbo Coding, Turbo Equalisation and Space-Time Coding for Transmission over Fading Channels by : Lajos L. Hanzo
Download or read book Turbo Coding, Turbo Equalisation and Space-Time Coding for Transmission over Fading Channels written by Lajos L. Hanzo and published by Wiley-IEEE Press. This book was released on 2002-09-09 with total page 766 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Turbo coding has opened an exciting new chapter in the design of iterative detection assisted communication systems. Similar dramatic advances have been achieved with the advent of space time coding, when communicating over dispersive fading wireless channels. By assuming no prior knowledge in the field of channel coding, the authors provide a self-contained reference on these stimulating hot topics, concluding at an advanced level. This essential volume is divided into five key parts: 1. Convolutional and Block Coding Introduces the family of convolutional codes, hard and soft-decision Viterbi algorithms and the most prominent classes of block codes, namely Reed-Solomon (RS) and Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem (BCH) codes, as well as their algebraic and trellis-decoding. 2. Turbo Convolutional and Turbo Block Coding Introduces turbo convolutional codes and details the Maximum A-Posteriori (MAP), Log-MAP and Max-Log-MAP as well as the Soft Output Viterbi Algorithm (SOVA). Investigates the effects of the various turbo codec parameters. Studies the super-trellis structure of turbo codes and characterises turbo BCH codes. Portrays Redundant Residue Number System (RRNS) based codes and their turbo decoding. 3. Coded Modulation: TCM, TTCM, BICM, BICM-ID Studies Trellis Coded Modulation (TCM), Turbo Trellis Coded Modulation (TTCM), Bit-Interleaved Coded Modulation (BICM), Iterative BICM (BICM-ID) and compares them under various channel conditions. 4. Space-Time Block and Space-Time Trellis Coding Introduces space-time codes and studies their performance using numerous channel codecs providing guidelines for system designers. Studies Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) based schemes and the concept of near-instantaneously Adaptive Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (AQAM) combined with near-instantaneously adaptive turbo channel coding. 5. Turbo Equalisation Covers the principle in detail, provides theoretical performance bounds for turbo equalisers and includes a study of various turbo equaliser arrangements. Also addresses the problem of reduced implementation complexity and covers turbo equalised space-time trellis codes. If you are looking for a comprehensive treatment covering both classic channel coding techniques and recent advances in this field, then this is the book for you. Researchers, practising engineers and advanced students will all find it both informative and stimulating.
Book Synopsis Turbo Decoder Architecture for Beyond-4G Applications by : Cheng-Chi Wong
Download or read book Turbo Decoder Architecture for Beyond-4G Applications written by Cheng-Chi Wong and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-10-01 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the most recent techniques for turbo decoder implementation, especially for 4G and beyond 4G applications. The authors reveal techniques for the design of high-throughput decoders for future telecommunication systems, enabling designers to reduce hardware cost and shorten processing time. Coverage includes an explanation of VLSI implementation of the turbo decoder, from basic functional units to advanced parallel architecture. The authors discuss both hardware architecture techniques and experimental results, showing the variations in area/throughput/performance with respect to several techniques. This book also illustrates turbo decoders for 3GPP-LTE/LTE-A and IEEE 802.16e/m standards, which provide a low-complexity but high-flexibility circuit structure to support these standards in multiple parallel modes. Moreover, some solutions that can overcome the limitation upon the speedup of parallel architecture by modification to turbo codec are presented here. Compared to the traditional designs, these methods can lead to at most 33% gain in throughput with similar performance and similar cost.
Book Synopsis Decoding Anne Lister by : Caroline Gonda
Download or read book Decoding Anne Lister written by Caroline Gonda and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2023-07-31 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ground-breaking first collection of essays on Anne Lister, featuring both established and new scholars, a screenwriter and a novelist.
Book Synopsis Reed-Solomon Codes and Their Applications by : Stephen B. Wicker
Download or read book Reed-Solomon Codes and Their Applications written by Stephen B. Wicker and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1999-10-12 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Electrical Engineering/Communications/Information Theory "The Berlekamp article alone will make this book worth having." --David Forney, Vice President, Motorola Codex Reed-Solomon Codes and Their Applications Edited by Stephen B. Wicker, Georgia Institute of Technology and Vijay K. Bhargava, University of Victoria On the Voyager spacecraft, they were responsible for sending clear pictures of the planets back to earth. They have also played a key role in the digital audio revolution. They are Reed-Solomon error codes: the extremely powerful codes that provide critical error control for many different types of digital communications systems. This outstanding collection of thirteen original articles written by leading researchers in the field provides a uniquely comprehensive overview of the history and practical applications--some never before published--of these important codes. Key features include: * Thirteen original articles from leading researchers in the field, with a historical overview by Reed and Solomon * An explanation of how Reed-Solomon codes were used in the Voyager spacecraft and how they are currently used in the compact disc player * Specific applications for digital audio, data transfer over mobile radio, satellite communications, spread spectrum systems, and more * New techniques for improving the performance of your own communications systems This book will be of interest to design and research engineers in the telecommunications field, particularly those in the aerospace/satellite and mobile radio industries. It is also well-suited for use as an advanced-level textbook on the subject of error control coding. Books of Related Interest from IEEE Press Clauide Elwood Shannon: Collected Papers Edited by N. J. A. Sloane and A. D. Wyner. AT&T Bell Labs The first published collection of papers by Claude E. Shannon, including his seminal article "The Mathematical Theory of Communication." 1993 Hardcover 968 pp IEEE Order Number PC0331-9 ISBN 0-7803-0434-9 Multiple Access Communications: Foundations for Emerging Technologies Edited by Norman Abramson, University of Hawaii at Manoa The first book to explain the connection between spread spectrum and ALOHA channels, providing a collection of key developments in the theory and practice of multiple user communications channels. 1993 Hardcover 528pp IEEE Order Number PC0287-3 ISBN 0-87942-292-0
Book Synopsis Error Correction Code Design by : Nicholas Pappas
Download or read book Error Correction Code Design written by Nicholas Pappas and published by . This book was released on 2015-05-27 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Error Correction Code DesignThis text is different from all other ECC texts, because the focus is on how to actually design G and H matrices that implement Hamming, Cyclic, BCH, & Reed Solomon codes. The focus includes showing how to design serial & parallel circuits implementing the G encoders and H decoders that including timing. We have not found this design information anywhere. The text is readable, because the language of abstract algebra has been delegated to the background.On the other hand we only explain Turbo code basics, because Turbo takes code design to another level where explaining the complexity of Turbo G and H requires another complete text. There are two basically different types of codes. One type is a tree code, which processes a continuous sequence of information digits continuously without breaking it up into blocks of k digits. The other type is a block code, which processes a continuous sequence of information digits in blocks of k digits. This text is about binary block codes.Error bits Consider a binary channel which can transmit bit values 0 and 1. The presence of noise may cause a transmitted 0 to be received as 1, and a transmitted 1 to be received as 0. When this happens to a bit the bit is referred to as an error bit. Code design is about detecting and correcting error bits. Code design is a very complex subject using very complex mathematics. However the mathematics is applied in a straightforward and clear way so that the complexity does not interfere with learning the design processes.A code design produces encoding G and decoding H matrices, and the electronic circuits implementing the design.The design process producing a code's encoding G and decoding H matrices is presented in a straightforward way that does not involve the language of abstract algebra. Furthermore, a straightforward simplified method generates the G and H matrices.The concepts of distance and weight provide the necessary and sufficient conditions for a binary code to have t error correcting capability. R. W. Hamming's ingenious invention of codes informs us why parity is required, and how a Hamming code is encoded and decoded by G and H matrices. Hamming shows us what the output of the code design task ought to be.An overview describes the role of algebraic coding theory that implements the required mathematical structure. Galois finite fields provide the algebraic structure for block code design. The language of abstract algebra is avoided in the presentation of Galois fields without dumbing down the presentation.Binary cyclic codes are an important subset of block codes. Cyclic codes have significant algebraic structure that facilitates creating the encoding G and decoding H matrices. BCH codes can correct more than one error thereby overcoming the one-error Hamming limitation. Related Reed-Solomon codes are used to perform a specific type of correction called burst correction. A decoder tells you there are errors, but not how many. Equations process the decoder output so that the bits in error are discovered. The traditional software solutions to the very complex BCH decoder equations are avoided, because straightforward hardware solutions are available.Encoder and decoder circuit design uses shift registers, LFSR registers, ROM memory, clocks, and glue logic. There are serial and parallel formats. Bits in a word are transmitted sequentially (serially) in a communication channel. The bits in a word are transmitted simultaneously (in parallel) in a system with multiple channels such as a memory. Turbo codes use a concatenated coding scheme, which combines two block codes and an interleaver to produce codes with superior performance. We only begin to explain turbo codes, because explaining their complexity in full requires a separate text.Code designers will find the Galois field information listed here a great convenience when they sit down to design codes.
Book Synopsis L-Step Sequential Decoding by : I. S. Reed
Download or read book L-Step Sequential Decoding written by I. S. Reed and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the final report of an earlier yearly contract with NAVAIR a new decoding technique was found for minimum error-path decoding of convolutional codes. This new technique was called piece-wise L-steps minimum-error decoding or more simply L-step decoding. In a general sense L-step decoding is a method for decoding convolutional codes which appears to bridge the gap between the full implementation of a specific ideal decoder type and its less than ideal version in which memory paths are truncated. Although L-step decoding was introduced to save steps in an error trellis decoding algorithm, it can be extended to apply to most major types of decoding algorithms for convolutional codes, including Viterbi, stack, Fano, and their associated error-trellis algorithms.
