De Sphaera of Johannes de Sacrobosco in the Early Modern Period

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Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030308332
Total Pages : 406 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (33 download)

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Book Synopsis De Sphaera of Johannes de Sacrobosco in the Early Modern Period by : Matteo Valleriani

Download or read book De Sphaera of Johannes de Sacrobosco in the Early Modern Period written by Matteo Valleriani and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-01-01 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book explores commentaries on an influential text of pre-Copernican astronomy in Europe. It features essays that take a close look at key intellectuals and how they engaged with the main ideas of this qualitative introduction to geocentric cosmology. Johannes de Sacrobosco compiled his Tractatus de sphaera during the thirteenth century in the frame of his teaching activities at the then recently founded University of Paris. It soon became a mandatory text all over Europe. As a result, a tradition of commentaries to the text was soon established and flourished until the second half of the 17th century. Here, readers will find an informative overview of these commentaries complete with a rich context. The essays explore the educational and social backgrounds of the writers. They also detail how their careers developed after the publication of their commentaries, the institutions and patrons they were affiliated with, what their agenda was, and whether and how they actually accomplished it. The editor of this collection considers these scientific commentaries as genuine scientific works. The contributors investigate them here not only in reference to the work on which it comments but also, and especially, as independent scientific contributions that are socially, institutionally, and intellectually contextualized around their authors.

De Sphaera of Johannes de Sacrobosco in the Early Modern Period

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9783030308346
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (83 download)

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Book Synopsis De Sphaera of Johannes de Sacrobosco in the Early Modern Period by : Matteo Valleriani

Download or read book De Sphaera of Johannes de Sacrobosco in the Early Modern Period written by Matteo Valleriani and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Publishing Sacrobosco’s De sphaera in Early Modern Europe

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Author :
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030866009
Total Pages : 497 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (38 download)

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Book Synopsis Publishing Sacrobosco’s De sphaera in Early Modern Europe by : Matteo Valleriani

Download or read book Publishing Sacrobosco’s De sphaera in Early Modern Europe written by Matteo Valleriani and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-05-18 with total page 497 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access volume focuses on the cultural background of the pivotal transformations of scientific knowledge in the early modern period. It investigates the rich edition history of Johannes de Sacrobosco’s Tractatus de sphaera, by far the most widely disseminated textbook on geocentric cosmology, from the unique standpoint of the many printers, publishers, and booksellers who steered this text from manuscript to print culture, and in doing so transformed it into an established platform of scientific learning. The corpus, constituted of 359 different editions featuring Sacrobosco’s treatise on cosmology and astronomy printed between 1472 and 1650, represents the scientific European shared knowledge concerned with the cosmological worldview of the early modern period until far after the publication of Copernicus’ De revolutionibus orbium coelestium in 1543. The contributions to this volume show how the academic book trade influenced the process of homogenization of scientific knowledge. They also describe the material infrastructure through which such knowledge was disseminated, and thus define the premises for the foundation of modern scientific communities.

The A-Z of the PhD Trajectory

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319774255
Total Pages : 396 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (197 download)

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Book Synopsis The A-Z of the PhD Trajectory by : Eva O. L. Lantsoght

Download or read book The A-Z of the PhD Trajectory written by Eva O. L. Lantsoght and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-05-25 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook is a guide to success during the PhD trajectory. The first part of this book takes the reader through all steps of the PhD trajectory, and the second part contains a unique glossary of terms and explanation relevant for PhD candidates. Written in the accessible language of the PhD Talk blogs, the book contains a great deal of practical advice for carrying out research, and presenting one’s work. It includes tips and advice from current and former PhD candidates, thus representing a broad range of opinions. The book includes exercises that help PhD candidates get their work kick-started. It covers all steps of a doctoral journey in STEM: getting started in a program, planning the work, the literature review, the research question, experimental work, writing, presenting, online tools, presenting at one’s first conference, writing the first journal paper, writing and defending the thesis, and the career after the PhD. Since a PhD trajectory is a deeply personal journey, this book suggests methods PhD candidates can try out, and teaches them how to figure out for themselves which proposed methods work for them, and how to find their own way of doing things.

De Sphaera of Johannes De Sacrobosco in the Early Modern Period

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781013274633
Total Pages : 406 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (746 download)

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Book Synopsis De Sphaera of Johannes De Sacrobosco in the Early Modern Period by : Matteo Valleriani

Download or read book De Sphaera of Johannes De Sacrobosco in the Early Modern Period written by Matteo Valleriani and published by . This book was released on 2020-10-09 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book explores commentaries on an influential text of pre-Copernican astronomy in Europe. It features essays that take a close look at key intellectuals and how they engaged with the main ideas of this qualitative introduction to geocentric cosmology. Johannes de Sacrobosco compiled his Tractatus de sphaera during the thirteenth century in the frame of his teaching activities at the then recently founded University of Paris. It soon became a mandatory text all over Europe. As a result, a tradition of commentaries to the text was soon established and flourished until the second half of the 17th century. Here, readers will find an informative overview of these commentaries complete with a rich context. The essays explore the educational and social backgrounds of the writers. They also detail how their careers developed after the publication of their commentaries, the institutions and patrons they were affiliated with, what their agenda was, and whether and how they actually accomplished it. The editor of this collection considers these scientific commentaries as genuine scientific works. The contributors investigate them here not only in reference to the work on which it comments but also, and especially, as independent scientific contributions that are socially, institutionally, and intellectually contextualized around their authors. This work was published by Saint Philip Street Press pursuant to a Creative Commons license permitting commercial use. All rights not granted by the work's license are retained by the author or authors.

Jesuit Contribution to Science

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319083651
Total Pages : 285 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (19 download)

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Book Synopsis Jesuit Contribution to Science by : Agustín Udías

Download or read book Jesuit Contribution to Science written by Agustín Udías and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-09-27 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a comprehensive history of the many contributions the Jesuits made to science from their founding to the present. It also links the Jesuits dedication to science with their specific spirituality which tries to find God in all things. The book begins with Christopher Clavius, professor of mathematics in the Roman College between 1567 and 1595, the initiator of this tradition. It covers Jesuits scientific contributions in mathematics, astronomy, physics and cartography up until the suppression of the order by the Pope in 1773. Next, the book details the scientific work the Jesuits pursued after their restoration in 1814. It examines the establishment of a network of observatories throughout the world; details contributions made to the study of tropical hurricanes, earthquakes and terrestrial magnetism and examines such important figures as Angelo Secchi, Stephen J. Perry, James B. Macelwane and Pierre Teilhard de Chardin. From their founding to the present, Jesuits have trodden an uncommon path to the frontiers where the Christian message is not yet known. Jesuits’ work in science is also an interesting chapter in the general problem of the relation between science and religion. This book provides readers with a complete portrait of the Jesuit scientific tradition. Its engaging story will appeal to those with an interest in the history of science, the history of the relations between science and religion and the history of Jesuits.

Debating the Stars in the Italian Renaissance

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Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9004442278
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (44 download)

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Book Synopsis Debating the Stars in the Italian Renaissance by : Ovanes Akopyan

Download or read book Debating the Stars in the Italian Renaissance written by Ovanes Akopyan and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2020-10-12 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An account of the astrological controversies that arose in Renaissance Italy in the wake of Giovanni Pico della Mirandola’s Disputationes adversus astrologiam divinatricem, published in 1496.

The Structures of Practical Knowledge

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319456717
Total Pages : 493 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (194 download)

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Book Synopsis The Structures of Practical Knowledge by : Matteo Valleriani

Download or read book The Structures of Practical Knowledge written by Matteo Valleriani and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-02-20 with total page 493 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Structures of Practical Knowledge investigates the nature of practical knowledge – why, how, when and by whom it is codified, and once codified, how this knowledge is structured. The inquiry unfolds in a series of fifteen case studies, which range in focus from early modern Italy to eighteenth century China. At the heart of each study is a shared definition of practical knowledge, that is, knowledge needed to obtain a certain outcome, whether that be an artistic or mechanical artifact, a healing practice, or a mathematical result. While the content of practical knowledge is widely variable, this study shows that all practical knowledge is formally equivalent in following a defined workflow, as reflected in a construction procedure, a recipe, or an algorithm. As explored in the volume’s fifteen contributions, there are three levels at which structures of practical knowledge may be understood and examined. At the most immediate level, there are the individual workflows that encompasses practical knowledge itself. Probing further, it is possible to examine the structure of practical knowledge as it is externalized and codified in texts, drawings, and artifacts such as models. Finally, practical knowledge is also related to social structures, which fundamentally determine its dissemination and evolution into new knowledge structures. The social structures of professionals and institutions represent the critical means by which practical knowledge takes form. These actors are the agents of codification, and by means of selection, appropriation, investment, and knowledge development, they determine the formation of new structures of practical knowledge. On a more abstract level, the creation of new knowledge structures is understood as constituting the basis for the further development of scientific knowledge. Rich in subject matter and incisive in the theory it lays out, this volume represents an important contribution to the history of science and epistemology. Individually, the fifteen case studies – encompassing the history of architecture, mining, brewing, glass production, printing, ballistics, mechanics, cartography, cosmology and astronomy – are replete with original research, and offer new insights into the history of science. Taken together, the contributions remodel historical epistemology as a whole, elucidating the underlining knowledge structures that transcend disciplinary boundaries, and that unite practitioners across time and space.

The Copernican Question

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Publisher : University of California Press
ISBN 13 : 0520355695
Total Pages : 702 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (23 download)

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Book Synopsis The Copernican Question by : Robert Westman

Download or read book The Copernican Question written by Robert Westman and published by University of California Press. This book was released on 2020-04-21 with total page 702 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1543, Nicolaus Copernicus publicly defended his hypothesis that the earth is a planet and the sun a body resting near the center of a finite universe. But why did Copernicus make this bold proposal? And why did it matter? The Copernican Question reframes this pivotal moment in the history of science, centering the story on a conflict over the credibility of astrology that erupted in Italy just as Copernicus arrived in 1496. Copernicus engendered enormous resistance when he sought to protect astrology by reconstituting its astronomical foundations. Robert S. Westman shows that efforts to answer the astrological skeptics became a crucial unifying theme of the early modern scientific movement. His interpretation of this long sixteenth century, from the 1490s to the 1610s, offers a new framework for understanding the great transformations in natural philosophy in the century that followed.

Scientific Visual Representations in History

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Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031113179
Total Pages : 369 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (311 download)

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Book Synopsis Scientific Visual Representations in History by : Matteo Valleriani

Download or read book Scientific Visual Representations in History written by Matteo Valleriani and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-01-01 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores continuity and ruptures in the historical use of visual representations in science and related disciplines such as art history and anthropology. The book also considers more recent developments that attest to the unprecedented importance of scientific visualizations, such as video recordings, animations, simulations, graphs, and enhanced realities. The volume collects historical reflections concerned with the use of visual material, visualization, and vision in science from a historical perspective, ranging across multiple cultures from antiquity until present day. The focus is on visual representations such as drawings, prints, tables, mathematical symbols, photos, data visualizations, mapping processes, and (on a meta-level) visualizations of data extracted from historical sources to visually support the historical research itself. Continuity and ruptures between the past and present use of visual material are presented against the backdrop of the epistemic functions of visual material in science. The function of visual material is defined according to three major epistemic categories: exploration, transformation, and transmission of knowledge.

David Gorlaeus (1591-1612)

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Publisher : Amsterdam University Press
ISBN 13 : 9089644385
Total Pages : 227 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (896 download)

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Book Synopsis David Gorlaeus (1591-1612) by : Christoph Lüthy

Download or read book David Gorlaeus (1591-1612) written by Christoph Lüthy and published by Amsterdam University Press. This book was released on 2012-04-01 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When David Gorlaeus (1591-1612) passed away at 21 years of age, he left behind two highly innovative manuscripts. Once they were published, his work had a remarkable impact on the evolution of seventeenth-century thought. However, as his identity was unknown, divergent interpretations of their meaning quickly sprang up. Seventeenth-century readers understood him as an anti-Aristotelian thinker and as a precursor of Descartes. Twentieth-century historians depicted him as an atomist, natural scientist and even as a chemist. And yet, when Gorlaeus died, he was a beginning student in theology. His thought must in fact be placed at the intersection between philosophy, the nascent natural sciences, and theology. The aim of this book is to shed light on Gorlaeus’ family circumstances, his education at Franeker and Leiden, and on the virulent Arminian crisis which provided the context within which his work was written. It also attempts to define Gorlaeus’ place in the history of Dutch philosophy and to assess the influence that it exercised in the evolution of philosophy and science, and notably in early Cartesian circles. Christoph Lüthy is professor of the history of philosophy and science at Radboud University Nijmegen, the Netherlands.

On Their Own Terms

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Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674036476
Total Pages : 606 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (74 download)

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Book Synopsis On Their Own Terms by : Benjamin A. Elman

Download or read book On Their Own Terms written by Benjamin A. Elman and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2009-07-01 with total page 606 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In On Their Own Terms, Benjamin A. Elman offers a much-needed synthesis of early Chinese science during the Jesuit period (1600-1800) and the modern sciences as they evolved in China under Protestant influence (1840s-1900). By 1600 Europe was ahead of Asia in producing basic machines, such as clocks, levers, and pulleys, that would be necessary for the mechanization of agriculture and industry. In the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, Elman shows, Europeans still sought from the Chinese their secrets of producing silk, fine textiles, and porcelain, as well as large-scale tea cultivation. Chinese literati borrowed in turn new algebraic notations of Hindu-Arabic origin, Tychonic cosmology, Euclidian geometry, and various computational advances. Since the middle of the nineteenth century, imperial reformers, early Republicans, Guomindang party cadres, and Chinese Communists have all prioritized science and technology. In this book, Elman gives a nuanced account of the ways in which native Chinese science evolved over four centuries, under the influence of both Jesuit and Protestant missionaries. In the end, he argues, the Chinese produced modern science on their own terms.

Early Modern Print Media and the Art of Observation

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1009444514
Total Pages : 764 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis Early Modern Print Media and the Art of Observation by : Stephanie A. Leitch

Download or read book Early Modern Print Media and the Art of Observation written by Stephanie A. Leitch and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2024-04-04 with total page 764 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Early modern printmakers trained observers to scan the heavens above as well as faces in their midst. Peter Apian printed the Cosmographicus Liber (1524) to teach lay astronomers their place in the cosmos, while also printing practical manuals that translated principles of spherical astronomy into useful data for weather watchers, farmers, and astrologers. Physiognomy, a genre related to cosmography, taught observers how to scrutinize profiles in order to sum up peoples' characters. Neither Albrecht Dürer nor Leonardo escaped the tenacious grasp of such widely circulating manuals called practica. Few have heard of these genres today, but the kinship of their pictorial programs suggests that printers shaped these texts for readers who privileged knowledge retrieval. Cultivated by images to become visual learners, these readers were then taught to hone their skills as observers. This book unpacks these and other visual strategies that aimed to develop both the literate eye of the reader and the sovereignty of images in the early modern world.

Kepler's Cosmological Synthesis

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Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9004246096
Total Pages : 201 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (42 download)

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Book Synopsis Kepler's Cosmological Synthesis by : Patrick J. Boner

Download or read book Kepler's Cosmological Synthesis written by Patrick J. Boner and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2013-06-17 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The cosmology of Johannes Kepler remains a mystery. On the one hand, Kepler’s speculations on spiritual faculties are seen as the remnants of Renaissance philosophy. On the other, his comparison of the cosmos to a clock summons the mechanical metaphor that shaped modern science. This book explores the inseparable connections between Kepler’s vitalistic views and his more enduring accomplishments in astronomy. The key argument is that Kepler’s ‘celestial biology’ served as a bridge between his revolutionary astronomy and other ‘less scientific’ interests, particularly astrology. Kepler's Cosmological Synthesis sheds new light on one of the foundational figures of the Scientific Revolution. By uncovering a new form of coherence in Kepler’s world picture, it traces the unlikely intersections of mechanism and vitalism that transformed the fabric of the heavens.

Cosmic Order and Divine Power

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Author :
Publisher : Mohr Siebeck
ISBN 13 : 9783161528095
Total Pages : 248 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (28 download)

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Book Synopsis Cosmic Order and Divine Power by : Johan C. Thom

Download or read book Cosmic Order and Divine Power written by Johan C. Thom and published by Mohr Siebeck. This book was released on 2014-09-18 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The treatise De mundo offers a cosmology in the Peripatetic tradition which subordinates what happens in the cosmos to the might of an omnipotent god. Thus the work is paradigmatic for the philosophical and religious concepts of the early imperial age, which offer points of contact with nascent Christianity.

Spotlights on Incunabula

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Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 900468137X
Total Pages : 296 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (46 download)

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Book Synopsis Spotlights on Incunabula by : Anette Hagan

Download or read book Spotlights on Incunabula written by Anette Hagan and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2023-11-13 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The five hundred years from the 1450s to the 1950s represent an extraordinarily rich quarry for evidence of incunabula sales, collecting, and use. What book lists reveal about publishing and reading habits in late-fifteenth-century Venice, how a Scottish librarian went about acquiring incunabula during World War II, and the international workshop connections glimpsed through early Hungarian bindings are among the topics explored in this volume. Library professionals aim spotlights on French plague tracts, Deventer as a printing place, the use of incunabula in learned societies in the nineteenth century, and incunabula collecting by monks and universities in England and Scotland.

5000 Years of Geometry

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Publisher : Birkhäuser
ISBN 13 : 3034808984
Total Pages : 638 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (348 download)

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Book Synopsis 5000 Years of Geometry by : Christoph J. Scriba

Download or read book 5000 Years of Geometry written by Christoph J. Scriba and published by Birkhäuser. This book was released on 2015-04-22 with total page 638 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present volume provides a fascinating overview of geometrical ideas and perceptions from the earliest cultures to the mathematical and artistic concepts of the 20th century. It is the English translation of the 3rd edition of the well-received German book “5000 Jahre Geometrie,” in which geometry is presented as a chain of developments in cultural history and their interaction with architecture, the visual arts, philosophy, science and engineering. Geometry originated in the ancient cultures along the Indus and Nile Rivers and in Mesopotamia, experiencing its first “Golden Age” in Ancient Greece. Inspired by the Greek mathematics, a new germ of geometry blossomed in the Islamic civilizations. Through the Oriental influence on Spain, this knowledge later spread to Western Europe. Here, as part of the medieval Quadrivium, the understanding of geometry was deepened, leading to a revival during the Renaissance. Together with parallel achievements in India, China, Japan and the ancient American cultures, the European approaches formed the ideas and branches of geometry we know in the modern age: coordinate methods, analytical geometry, descriptive and projective geometry in the 17th an 18th centuries, axiom systems, geometry as a theory with multiple structures and geometry in computer sciences in the 19th and 20th centuries. Each chapter of the book starts with a table of key historical and cultural dates and ends with a summary of essential contents of geometr y in the respective era. Compelling examples invite the reader to further explore the problems of geometry in ancient and modern times. The book will appeal to mathematicians interested in Geometry and to all readers with an interest in cultural history. From letters to the authors for the German language edition I hope it gets a translation, as there is no comparable work. Prof. J. Grattan-Guinness (Middlesex University London) "Five Thousand Years of Geometry" - I think it is the most handsome book I have ever seen from Springer and the inclusion of so many color plates really improves its appearance dramatically! Prof. J.W. Dauben (City University of New York) An excellent book in every respect. The authors have successfully combined the history of geometry with the general development of culture and history. ... The graphic design is also excellent. Prof. Z. Nádenik (Czech Technical University in Prague)