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Data Prefetching In Shared Memory Multiprocessors
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Author :University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Center for Supercomputing Research and Development Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :17 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (168 download)
Book Synopsis Data Prefetching in Shared Memory Multiprocessors by : University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Center for Supercomputing Research and Development
Download or read book Data Prefetching in Shared Memory Multiprocessors written by University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Center for Supercomputing Research and Development and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Adaptive and Integrated Data Cache Prefetching for Shared-memory Multiprocessors by : Edward H. Gornish
Download or read book Adaptive and Integrated Data Cache Prefetching for Shared-memory Multiprocessors written by Edward H. Gornish and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Effectiveness of Caches and Data Prefetch Buffers in Large-scale Shared Memory Multiprocessors by : Roland L. Lee
Download or read book The Effectiveness of Caches and Data Prefetch Buffers in Large-scale Shared Memory Multiprocessors written by Roland L. Lee and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Memory Latency Reduction Via Data Prefetching and Data Forwarding in Shared Memory Multiprocessors by : David Kristian Poulsen
Download or read book Memory Latency Reduction Via Data Prefetching and Data Forwarding in Shared Memory Multiprocessors written by David Kristian Poulsen and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation considers the use of data prefetching and an alternative mechanism, data forwarding, for reducing memory latency due to interprocessor communication in cache coherent, shared memory multiprocessors. The benefits of prefetching and forwarding are considered for large, numerical application codes with loop-level and vector parallelism. Data prefetching is applied to these applications using two different multiprocessor prefetching algorithms implemented within a parallelizing compiler. Data forwarding considers array references involved in communication-related accesses between successive parallel loops, rather than within a single loop nest. A hybrid prefetching and forwarding scheme and a compiler algorithm for data forwarding are also presented. EPG-sim, a system of execution-driven simulation tools for studying parallel architectures, algorithms, and applications, was developed as a prerequisite for this work. EPG-sim performs execution-driven simulation and critical path simulation within a single, integrated environment. EPG-sim provides an extremely wide range of cost/accuracy trade-offs and a number of novel features compared to existing execution-driven systems. The parallelism and communication behavior of numerical application codes are studied via EPG-sim critical path simulation, which establishes the potential performance of prefetching and forwarding for these codes. The evaluation of prefetching and forwarding is accomplished via detailed EPG-sim execution-driven simulations of optimized, parallel versions of these application codes. Two multiprocessor prefetching algorithms are presented and compared. A simple blocked vector prefetching algorithm, considerably less complex than existing software pipelined prefetching algorithms, is shown to be effective in reducing memory latency and increasing performance. A Forwarding Write operation is used to evaluate the effectiveness of forwarding. Data forwarding results in significant performance improvements over data prefetching for codes exhibiting less spatial locality. A new hybrid prefetching and forwarding scheme is presented that provides increased performance stability by adapting to varying application characteristics and architectural parameters. The hybrid scheme is shown to be effective in improving the performance of forwarding in reduced cache sizes. A compiler algorithm for data forwarding is presented that implements point-to-point forwarding, hybrid prefetching and forwarding, and selective forwarding. Software and hardware support for prefetching and forwarding are also discussed.
Book Synopsis Scalable Shared Memory Multiprocessors by : Michel Dubois
Download or read book Scalable Shared Memory Multiprocessors written by Michel Dubois and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1992 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mathematics of Computing -- Parallelism.
Book Synopsis Scalable Shared-Memory Multiprocessing by : Daniel E. Lenoski
Download or read book Scalable Shared-Memory Multiprocessing written by Daniel E. Lenoski and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-06-28 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dr. Lenoski and Dr. Weber have experience with leading-edge research and practical issues involved in implementing large-scale parallel systems. They were key contributors to the architecture and design of the DASH multiprocessor. Currently, they are involved with commercializing scalable shared-memory technology.
Book Synopsis Shared Memory Multiprocessing by : Norihisa Suzuki
Download or read book Shared Memory Multiprocessing written by Norihisa Suzuki and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1992 with total page 534 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Shared memory multiprocessors are becoming the dominant architecture for small-scale parallel computation. This book is the first to provide a coherent review of current research in shared memory multiprocessing in the United States and Japan. It focuses particularly on scalable architecture that will be able to support hundreds of microprocessors as well as on efficient and economical ways of connecting these fast microprocessors. The 20 contributions are divided into sections covering the experience to date with multiprocessors, cache coherency, software systems, and examples of scalable shared memory multiprocessors.
Book Synopsis Compiler-directed Data Prefetching in Multiprocessors with Memory Hierarchies by : Edward H. Gornish
Download or read book Compiler-directed Data Prefetching in Multiprocessors with Memory Hierarchies written by Edward H. Gornish and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We demonstrate our method's potential by using static analysis to estimate the performance improvement afforded by our prefetching strategy and to analyze the reference patterns in a set of Fortran benchmarks. We also study the effectiveness of prefetching in a realistic shared-memory system using an RTL-level simulator and real codes. This differs from previous studies by considering prefetching benefits in the presence of network contention.
Book Synopsis A Low-cost High-speed Twin-prefetching DSP-based Shared-memory System for Real-time Image Processing Applications by : Charalambos Stephanou Christou
Download or read book A Low-cost High-speed Twin-prefetching DSP-based Shared-memory System for Real-time Image Processing Applications written by Charalambos Stephanou Christou and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation introduces, investigates, and evaluates a low-cost high-speed twin-prefetching DSP-based bus-interconnected shared-memory system for real-time image processing applications. The proposed architecture can effectively support 32 DSPs in contrast to a maximum of 4 DSPs supported by existing DSP-based bus- interconnected systems. This significant enhancement is achieved by introducing two small programmable fast memories (Twins) between the processor and the shared bus interconnect. While one memory is transferring data from/to the shared memory, the other is supplying the core processor with data. The elimination of the traditional direct linkage of the shared bus and processor data bus makes feasible the utilization of a wider shared bus i.e., shared bus width becomes independent of the data bus width of the processors. The fast prefetching memories and the wider shared bus provide additional bus bandwidth into the system, which eliminates large memory latencies; such memory latencies constitute the major drawback for the performance of shared-memory multiprocessors. Furthermore, in contrast to existing DSP-based uniprocessor or multiprocessor systems the proposed architecture does not require all data to be placed on on-chip or off-chip expensive fast memory in order to reach or maintain peak performance. Further, it can maintain peak performance regardless of whether the processed image is small or large. The performance of the proposed architecture has been extensively investigated executing computationally intensive applications such as real-time high-resolution image processing. The effect of a wide variety of hardware design parameters on performance has been examined. More specifically tables and graphs comprehensively analyze the performance of 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32 and 64 DSP-based systems, for a wide variety of shared data interconnect widths such as 32, 64, 128, 256 and 512. In addition, the effect of the wide variance of temporal and spatial locality (present in different applications) on the multiprocessor's execution time is investigated and analyzed. Finally, the prefetching cache-size was varied from a few kilobytes to 4 Mbytes and the corresponding effect on the execution time was investigated. Our performance analysis has clearly showed that the execution time converges to a shallow minimum i.e., it is not sensitive to the size of the prefetching cache. The significance of this observation is that near optimum performance can be achieved with a small (16 to 300 Kbytes) amount of prefetching cache.
Book Synopsis Scalable Shared Memory Multiprocessors by : Michel Dubois
Download or read book Scalable Shared Memory Multiprocessors written by Michel Dubois and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The workshop on Scalable Shared Memory Multiprocessors took place on May 26 and 27 1990 at the Stouffer Madison Hotel in Seattle, Washington as a prelude to the 1990 International Symposium on Computer Architecture. About 100 participants listened for two days to the presentations of 22 invited The motivation for this workshop was to speakers, from academia and industry. promote the free exchange of ideas among researchers working on shared-memory multiprocessor architectures. There was ample opportunity to argue with speakers, and certainly participants did not refrain a bit from doing so. Clearly, the problem of scalability in shared-memory multiprocessors is still a wide-open question. We were even unable to agree on a definition of "scalability". Authors had more than six months to prepare their manuscript, and therefore the papers included in this proceedings are refinements of the speakers' presentations, based on the criticisms received at the workshop. As a result, 17 authors contributed to these proceedings. We wish to thank them for their diligence and care. The contributions in these proceedings can be partitioned into four categories 1. Access Order and Synchronization 2. Performance 3. Cache Protocols and Architectures 4. Distributed Shared Memory Particular topics on which new ideas and results are presented in these proceedings include: efficient schemes for combining networks, formal specification of shared memory models, correctness of trace-driven simulations,synchronization, various coherence protocols, .
Author :University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Center for Supercomputing Research and Development Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :266 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (123 download)
Book Synopsis Reducing Memory Access Delays in Large-scale Shared-memory Multiprocessors by : University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Center for Supercomputing Research and Development
Download or read book Reducing Memory Access Delays in Large-scale Shared-memory Multiprocessors written by University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Center for Supercomputing Research and Development and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Memory access time is a key factor limiting the performance of large-scale, shared-memory multiprocessors. In such systems, limited bandwidth in the interconnection between the processors and the memories, coupled with long delays resulting from network and memory conflicts, can produce serious memory access delays. Incorporating memory hierarchies and asynchronous block transfer mechanisms are common methods for reducing these delays. However, for these two mechanisms to be wed advantageously, they must be managed effectively, either in hardware or in software. Although this memory management problem is becoming increasingly important, good techniques are still lacking. The problem of reducing memory access delays can be attacked at several levels. The first is to attempt to improve the performance of the shared-memory system itself, where the shared-memory system includes implicitly both the network and the memory modules themselves. The second is to develop techniques to manage the memory hierarchy more effectively and to make use of the block transfer mechanisms. This thesis addresses this problem at both of these levels. The first part examines the behavior of a realistic shared-memory system and evaluates cost-effective hardware modifications for improving this balance. An additional goal is to achieve memory system scalability, where the term scalable describes systems whose per-processor performance is roughly constant across the range of system sizes examined. The remainder of this thesis addresses the problem of improving utilization of local storage in shared-memory systems where, at the very least, each processor has access to local (private) storage in addition to the global (shared) memory. A combined flow-and-dependence analysis algorithm is developed which produces the analytical information needed to optimize data accesses. It is shown how this information can be used as part of an intergrated hardware/software approach to eliminating redundant (unnecessary) memory accesses and prefetching data.
Book Synopsis Speculative Data Distribution in Shared Memory Multiprocessors by : Sean Leventhal
Download or read book Speculative Data Distribution in Shared Memory Multiprocessors written by Sean Leventhal and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Real-time Prefetching on Shared-memory Multi-core Systems by : Jamie Garside
Download or read book Real-time Prefetching on Shared-memory Multi-core Systems written by Jamie Garside and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Data Prefetching Techniques in Computer Systems by :
Download or read book Data Prefetching Techniques in Computer Systems written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2022-02-24 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Data Prefetching Techniques in Computer Systems, Volume 125 provides an in-depth review of the latest progress on data prefetching research. Topics covered in this volume include temporal prefetchers, spatial prefetchers, non-spatial-temporal prefetchers, and evaluation of prefetchers, with insights on possible future research direction. Specific chapters in this release include Introduction to Data Prefetching, Spatial Prefetching Techniques, Temporal Prefetching Techniques, Domino prefetching scheme, Bingo prefetching method, and The Champion prefetcher. Provides accurate reviews of various topics in data prefetching Includes useful graphic materials to facilitate understanding of topics Presents the latest insights and future perspectives on covered data prefetchers
Book Synopsis Hardware Prefetch, Reduction Support and Speculative State Buffering by : Maria Jesus Garzaran
Download or read book Hardware Prefetch, Reduction Support and Speculative State Buffering written by Maria Jesus Garzaran and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2010-11 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work makes several contributions in the context of shared memory multiprocessors. The first contribution is the characterization of the data access patterns in parallel programs and a new performance model and hardware prefetch mechanism for a bus-based multiprocessor system. The second contribution is the design and evaluation of architectural support for parallel reductions. The proposed technique uses the caches of the processors as temporary storage where processors accumulate their partial results. As cache lines are displaced, their values are combined with the value in the shared memory location. The required architectural changes are mostly confined to the directory controllers. The third contribution is related with the buffering of state in speculative thread-level speculation. This work presents a novel taxonomy of the different approaches to handle speculative state. The classification is based on the support for multiple tasks and versions, and the main memory update policy. Finally, for a particular type of approaches, this work proposes an effective software scheme to buffer multi-version speculative state.
Book Synopsis A Primer on Memory Consistency and Cache Coherence by : Daniel Sorin
Download or read book A Primer on Memory Consistency and Cache Coherence written by Daniel Sorin and published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers. This book was released on 2011-03-02 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many modern computer systems and most multicore chips (chip multiprocessors) support shared memory in hardware. In a shared memory system, each of the processor cores may read and write to a single shared address space. For a shared memory machine, the memory consistency model defines the architecturally visible behavior of its memory system. Consistency definitions provide rules about loads and stores (or memory reads and writes) and how they act upon memory. As part of supporting a memory consistency model, many machines also provide cache coherence protocols that ensure that multiple cached copies of data are kept up-to-date. The goal of this primer is to provide readers with a basic understanding of consistency and coherence. This understanding includes both the issues that must be solved as well as a variety of solutions. We present both highlevel concepts as well as specific, concrete examples from real-world systems. Table of Contents: Preface / Introduction to Consistency and Coherence / Coherence Basics / Memory Consistency Motivation and Sequential Consistency / Total Store Order and the x86 Memory Model / Relaxed Memory Consistency / Coherence Protocols / Snooping Coherence Protocols / Directory Coherence Protocols / Advanced Topics in Coherence / Author Biographies
Book Synopsis Combining Instruction References in Shared Memory Multiprocessors by : John C. Mejia
Download or read book Combining Instruction References in Shared Memory Multiprocessors written by John C. Mejia and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 526 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
