Critique on Optimal Capital Structure

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 2 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (13 download)

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Book Synopsis Critique on Optimal Capital Structure by : Dr. Syed Shabib ul Hasan

Download or read book Critique on Optimal Capital Structure written by Dr. Syed Shabib ul Hasan and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 2 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The existence of an optimal capital structure for a firm has always remained a matter of serious discussion among financial analysts and academia. The conventional approach advocates the existence of optimal capital structure based on the relationship between the cost of capital and the capital structure of the firm. According to this approach the weighted average cost of capital falls initially with leverage as the increase in required return on equity does not completely offset the cheaper debt financing. However, later on when the increase in required return on equity is more than what it offset in the use of cheaper debt financing in the capital structure, the weighted average cost of capital starts to ascend which further increases once the cost of debt financing starts to go up as well. The conventional approach therefore holds that there is the possibility of the existence of “optimal capital structure” based on the relationship between cost of capital and the capital structure of the firm. However Modigliani & Miller in their significant and influential work on the effects of capital structure on the firm's value, conclude that where there is a perfect financial market “capital structure is irrelevant” considering no-tax case, which can be literally understood as the firm's value, being independent of its financial structure having no optimal capital structure. This paper aspires to evaluate the Modigliani and Miller corporate capital structure model and critically examine its validity in the context of its application in a real life situation, using the example of the UK. Another point of concern is what a firm takes into consideration when evaluating the financing options and why it prefers one alternative over the other, or else looks for optimal capital structure. Other things remaining equal, the rapid growth of borrowing increases the probability of the corporate sector facing difficulties in servicing its debt. Therefore it seems unlikely that corporate capital structure can be fully explained by any one theory, especially given that the theories are not mutually exclusive.

Does capital structure influence firms value?

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Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3638449475
Total Pages : 12 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (384 download)

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Book Synopsis Does capital structure influence firms value? by : Ulrike Messbacher

Download or read book Does capital structure influence firms value? written by Ulrike Messbacher and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2005-12-20 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essay from the year 2004 in the subject Business economics - Investment and Finance, grade: 1, University of Applied Sciences Kempten (University of Ulster), language: English, abstract: In accordance with the Signalling model by Ross (1977) an increase in gearing represents, in term of a company’s prospective cash flows, a positive signal to external investors. Because, due to the higher risk of financial distress, companies with less optimistic market prospective tend to avoid additional financial obligations. This implies that an increasing indebtedness means a higher quality of business and therefore better valuation. This leads, in turn, to the assumption that the corporate management can influence a firm’s value by changing its capital structure. If capital structure can affect value, how can firms identify an optimal capital structure and what will it look like? It is that mix of debt and equity that maximises the value of a firm and, at the same time, minimise overall cost of capital. In their seminal article, published in 1958 and 1963, Modigliani and Miller argue that under certain assumptions the value of a firm i s independent of its capital structure, but with tax-deductible interest payments, they are positively related. Moreover, there are other approaches with partly contradictory perceptions. For instance, Myers (1998, cited in Fairchild 2003, p.6) argues that there is no universal optimal mix of debt and equity; in fact it depends on firms or industries, and therefore should be considered on a case-by-case basis. Other researchers have added market imperfections, such as bankruptcy costs, agency costs, and gains from leverage- induced tax shields to the analysis and have maintained that an optimal capital structure may exist (Hatfieldet al.1994, p.1). First, this paper shows the basic determinants of a firm’s value in association with the impact of financial leverage on payoffs to stockholders. Secondly, it considers some arguments of capital structure theories, particularly the Modigliani and Miller theorem and the Traditional approach and contrasts them. Finally, the underlying factors of the model assumptions are examined and shown that they are important in the choice of a firm’s debt-equity ratio.

Empirical Capital Structure

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Publisher : Now Publishers Inc
ISBN 13 : 160198202X
Total Pages : 107 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (19 download)

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Book Synopsis Empirical Capital Structure by : Christopher Parsons

Download or read book Empirical Capital Structure written by Christopher Parsons and published by Now Publishers Inc. This book was released on 2009 with total page 107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Empirical Capital Structure reviews the empirical capital structure literature from both the cross-sectional determinants of capital structure as well as time-series changes.

Capital Structure and Corporate Financing Decisions

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Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118022947
Total Pages : 504 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (18 download)

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Book Synopsis Capital Structure and Corporate Financing Decisions by : H. Kent Baker

Download or read book Capital Structure and Corporate Financing Decisions written by H. Kent Baker and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-03-31 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive guide to making better capital structure and corporate financing decisions in today's dynamic business environment Given the dramatic changes that have recently occurred in the economy, the topic of capital structure and corporate financing decisions is critically important. The fact is that firms need to constantly revisit their portfolio of debt, equity, and hybrid securities to finance assets, operations, and future growth. Capital Structure and Corporate Financing Decisions provides an in-depth examination of critical capital structure topics, including discussions of basic capital structure components, key theories and practices, and practical application in an increasingly complex corporate world. Throughout, the book emphasizes how a sound capital structure simultaneously minimizes the firm's cost of capital and maximizes the value to shareholders. Offers a strategic focus that allows you to understand how financing decisions relates to a firm's overall corporate policy Consists of contributed chapters from both academics and experienced professionals, offering a variety of perspectives and a rich interplay of ideas Contains information from survey research describing actual financial practices of firms This valuable resource takes a practical approach to capital structure by discussing why various theories make sense and how firms use them to solve problems and create wealth. In the wake of the recent financial crisis, the insights found here are essential to excelling in today's volatile business environment.

The Debt/equity Choice

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 168 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The Debt/equity Choice by : Ronald W. Masulis

Download or read book The Debt/equity Choice written by Ronald W. Masulis and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Capital Structure and Firm Performance

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Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351530178
Total Pages : 140 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (515 download)

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Book Synopsis Capital Structure and Firm Performance by : Arvin Ghosh

Download or read book Capital Structure and Firm Performance written by Arvin Ghosh and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-07-05 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Capital structure theory is one of the most dynamic areas of finance and forms the basis for modern thinking on the capital structure of firms. Much controversy has resulted from comparisons of the theory of capital structure originally developed by Franco Modigliani and Merton Miller to real-world situations. Two competing theories have emerged over the years, the optimal capital structure theory and the pecking order theory.Arvin Ghosh begins with an overview of the controversies regarding capital structure theories, and then statistically tests both the optimal capital structure and pecking order theories. Using the binomial approach he analyzes the determinants of capital structure while discussing the role of market power in determining capital structure decisions. Ghosh probes the questions of new stock offerings and stockholders' returns, and analyzes capital structure and executive compensation. He then looks into debt financing ownership structure, and the controversal relationship between capital structure and firm profitability. Finally, he discusses the latest developments in the field of capital structure.A concise overview of a major issue in business economics and finance, this volume provides a fuller understanding of capital structure influence on the financial performance of firms, and will certainly stimulate further debate. While hundreds of scholarly articles have been written on the subject this is the first book to test competing theories against measurements of firms' performance and their underlying capital structure.

A Comprehensive Review on Capital Structure Theories

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 24 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (13 download)

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Book Synopsis A Comprehensive Review on Capital Structure Theories by : Hamed Ahmadinia

Download or read book A Comprehensive Review on Capital Structure Theories written by Hamed Ahmadinia and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of this article is to provide a comprehensive review on different theories and hypothesis in regard with achieving an optimal capital structure. Many researchers believed that capital structure includes share issuance, private investment, bank debt, business debts, leasing contracts, tax debt, retirement debt, deferred compensation for executives and employees, deposits, product related-debt and other probable debt. These theories and hypothesis include: Net income, Net operational income, Traditional approach theory, Miller and Modigliani theory, Static trade-off theory, Asymmetric of the information hypothesis, Pecking order theory, Signaling theory, Agency cost theory, Free cash flow hypothesis, Dynamic trade-off theory and Market Timing theory. By applying these theories, the analysts will be able to reach a maximum return with minimum risk while they increase the value of corporation. Because of the close relationship between profitability and capital structure, this paper is going to suggest a new model called genetic algorithm model by using support vector regression and profitability factors for obtaining an international range of optimal capital structure.

The Optimal Capital Structure Decision of Depository Financial Intermediaries

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 710 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis The Optimal Capital Structure Decision of Depository Financial Intermediaries by : Hun Y. Park

Download or read book The Optimal Capital Structure Decision of Depository Financial Intermediaries written by Hun Y. Park and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 710 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Capital Structure Decision

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461510376
Total Pages : 230 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (615 download)

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Book Synopsis The Capital Structure Decision by : Harold Bierman Jr.

Download or read book The Capital Structure Decision written by Harold Bierman Jr. and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1958 an academic paper on corporate finance written by two professors (Merton Miller and Frances Modigliani, who were later awarded the Nobel prize for their research efforts) was published in The American Economic Review. One prime conclusion of their paper was that the exact form of a firm's capital structure did not affect the firm's value. Later papers by the same two authors and by many others modified the assumptions and changed this conclusion. We now think that capital structure decisions do affect a firm's value and corporate managers should understand better the financing alternatives that are available. One of the most important financial decisions is the decision to buy or lease assets. The leasing industry is large and getting larger. Unfortunately, it is very easy for a firm to evaluate incorrectly lease alternatives (see Chapter 12). The capital structure decision is one of the three most important financial decisions that management make (the distribution of earnings and the capital budgeting decisions are the other two contenders). Managers should increase their understanding of capital structure alternatives and remember that choosing the best capital structure is an art and not an exact simple calculation. But applying the art can be improved with understanding.

Note on the Theory of Optimal Capital Structure

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (14 download)

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Book Synopsis Note on the Theory of Optimal Capital Structure by : William E. Fruhan

Download or read book Note on the Theory of Optimal Capital Structure written by William E. Fruhan and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Innovation, Internationalization and Entrepreneurship

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Publisher : MDPI
ISBN 13 : 3036512292
Total Pages : 166 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (365 download)

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Book Synopsis Innovation, Internationalization and Entrepreneurship by : Renata Korsakienė

Download or read book Innovation, Internationalization and Entrepreneurship written by Renata Korsakienė and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2021-08-17 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past years, businesses have had to tackle the issues caused by numerous forces from political, technological and societal environment. The changes in the global market and increasing uncertainty require us to focus on disruptive innovations and to investigate this phenomenon from different perspectives. The benefits of innovations are related to lower costs, improved efficiency, reduced risk, and better response to the customers’ needs due to new products, services or processes. On the other hand, new business models expose various risks, such as cyber risks, operational risks, regulatory risks, and others. Therefore, we believe that the entrepreneurial behavior and global mindset of decision-makers significantly contribute to the development of innovations, which benefit by closing the prevailing gap between developed and developing countries. Thus, this Special Issue contributes to closing the research gap in the literature by providing a platform for a scientific debate on innovation, internationalization and entrepreneurship, which would facilitate improving the resilience of businesses to future disruptions.

The Optimal Capital Structure and Financing Behaviour

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 126 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (716 download)

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Book Synopsis The Optimal Capital Structure and Financing Behaviour by : Carlo Edoardo Altamura

Download or read book The Optimal Capital Structure and Financing Behaviour written by Carlo Edoardo Altamura and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Capital Structure and the Cost of Capital

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 58 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Capital Structure and the Cost of Capital by : Stephen A. Ross

Download or read book Capital Structure and the Cost of Capital written by Stephen A. Ross and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Interior Optimum Capital Structure

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 430 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (182 download)

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Book Synopsis The Interior Optimum Capital Structure by : Garland Demarcus Simmons

Download or read book The Interior Optimum Capital Structure written by Garland Demarcus Simmons and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

A Critical Literature Review of Capital Structure Theories

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 5 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (129 download)

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Book Synopsis A Critical Literature Review of Capital Structure Theories by : Mr. Douglas Wafula Simiyu

Download or read book A Critical Literature Review of Capital Structure Theories written by Mr. Douglas Wafula Simiyu and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Capital structure is a vital component of any business entity. The success and or failure of many business enterprises arise from their capital structures. Many financial institutions adopt different approaches regarding their capital structure arrangement. Some depend entirely on debt financing, others depend more on equity financing and others still mix the two approaches. The question has been which capital structure is the best for financial institutions? For those firms which prefer mixing the two approaches, what would be the best portion for the two approaches? This paper critically reviews the capital structure theories, which include Franco Modigliani and Merton Miller theorem, Trade-off theory of capital structure and taxes, Pecking order theory, The market timing theory and Agency cost theory. This paper suggests that any financial institution should carefully analyze its operations before making its capital structure decision.

Capital Structure Puzzle

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 46 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Capital Structure Puzzle by : Stewart C. Myers

Download or read book Capital Structure Puzzle written by Stewart C. Myers and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper contrasts the "static tradeoff" and "pecking order" theories of capital structure choice by corporations. In the static tradeoff theory, optimal capital structure is reached when the tax advantage to borrowing is balanced, at the margin, by costs of financial distress. In the pecking order theory, firms preferinternal to external funds, and debt to equity if external funds are needed. Thus the debt ratio reflects the cumulative requirement for external financing. Pecking order behavior follows from simple asymmetric information models. The paper closes with a review of empirical evidence relevant to the two theories.

Optimal Capital Structure for the Proprietary Firm

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 302 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (23 download)

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Book Synopsis Optimal Capital Structure for the Proprietary Firm by : Bruce L. Ahrendsen

Download or read book Optimal Capital Structure for the Proprietary Firm written by Bruce L. Ahrendsen and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: