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Critical Analysis Of Private Equity Investments Within Small And Medium Sized Enterprises
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Book Synopsis Critical Analysis of Private Equity-Investments Within Small- and Medium-sized Enterprises by : Anonym
Download or read book Critical Analysis of Private Equity-Investments Within Small- and Medium-sized Enterprises written by Anonym and published by . This book was released on 2022-05-28 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2021 in the subject Business economics - Investment and Finance, grade: 1,3, University of Applied Sciences Essen, course: International Investment, language: English, abstract: This term paper is split into five chapters. After the introduction, the theoretical framework of small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and private equity (PE) is elaborated. Besides the explanatory definition of PE, an overview of PE types and the roles in PE investments is provided. Chapter three emphasizes the process of PE investments and their characteristics from the planning stage to exit strategies. Before the conclusion, opportunities and threats for SMEs and investors in PE investments are derived in section four.
Book Synopsis Critical Analysis of Private Equity-Investments within Small and Mid-Sized Enterprises (SMEs) by :
Download or read book Critical Analysis of Private Equity-Investments within Small and Mid-Sized Enterprises (SMEs) written by and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2020-03-02 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2018 in the subject Business economics - Investment and Finance, grade: 1,3, University of applied sciences, Düsseldorf, language: English, abstract: This work focuses on the private equity (PE) investments within SMEs. Fundamentals of private equity investments are reviewed in the second chapter. This includes definition and product categories of private equity and how PE business is organized as well as the history of PE market in Germany. The third chapter analyses the process of the PE deals including the different phases as well as the exit strategies. The last chapter critically analyse the PE deals from the point of view of the investor and the targeted company before closing with the outlook and conclusion. In the last decades, the private equity market in Germany has witnessed waves of rise and fall. But it surpassed, by the end of 2017, all the records of German PE history. According to Deutsche Beteiligungs (DBAG), the amount of transactions in the mid-sized businesses in the German market dramatically increased and hit €4.4 billion in 2017 which was the highest during the last 15 years. But in contrast, the competition in the German market has been recently high with a steady number of companies which led to high prices and overvalued companies. PE firms target the mid-sized businesses since they are more likely to accept financial investors than bank loans or credit lines. However, this problem can now be countered with the help of PE in the context of alternative corporate financing. It should be noted that PE business has been a concern of German politics and businesses since the 1960s where the financial system was basically based on banks which is not appropriate for the development of PE industry. The government intervention was the base to build a stronger PE industry away from bank-based financial systems. Recently, the stock market segment was a key driver for the dynamic development of PE market. The price falls and the collapse of the overheated and overvalued companies were also clearly felt in the PE segment and generated a great deal over scepticism on the capital markets.
Book Synopsis Private Equity. Critical analysis from the points of view of investors and target companies by : Henning Wenzel
Download or read book Private Equity. Critical analysis from the points of view of investors and target companies written by Henning Wenzel and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2016-02-19 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2013 in the subject Business economics - Investment and Finance, grade: 1,7, University of applied sciences, Cologne, course: International Investment & Controlling, language: English, abstract: Private Equity plays an increasingly important role in the financing of a wide range of businesses. Over the past 20 years, private equity has been on of the fastest growing markets for corporate finance. One of the reasons the private equity industry exist is that, in many cases, companies have needs for capital which, for various reasons, cannot be met from the public markets. Investors that provide capital to private equity funds invest in an asset class that entails relatively high-risk and high illiquidity in what remains a largely unregulated market. Planning how to exit an investment is just as important as preparing to make one because a merger adds value only if synergy, better management, or other changes make the two firms worth more together than apart. The target companies are supported with accountants, lawyers, investment bankers and other specialists. Especially Start-up companies are often characterised by negative cash flows and demand high investments. PE gives the chance to reduce the financial gap between selffinancing and stock exchange listing and can also help to improve the equity ratio. Another advantage of PE for target companies is the increase of equity and an improved balance sheet structure. Regarding to that, the negotiating position is strengthened towards creditors, the credit rating is improved and the financial room for investments increases. The main disadvantage of PE for target companies is the weakened influence of the initial shareholders. Especially different strategically views between those two groups might be difficult to solve. Due to the fact of the high risk, from the investors’ perspective, PE is a very interesting form of investment. Especially under diversification aspects the investment in PE funds make sense, because the investors offer investment opportunities that can not be replicated in the financial market and on top of that have a low correlation with other asset class. The firms standard practice of buying businesses and then, after steering them through a transition of rapid performance improvement and selling them is at the core of private equity’s success.
Book Synopsis Critical Analysis of Investment Management Within Company Successions by : Christin Wessels
Download or read book Critical Analysis of Investment Management Within Company Successions written by Christin Wessels and published by . This book was released on 2017-05-31 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2017 in the subject Business economics - Investment and Finance, grade: 1,7, University of applied sciences Dortmund, course: Investment, language: English, abstract: Company successions are an important theme for the economy. The amount of enterprises, which search for a successor, increased in the last years. Especially small and medium-sized enterprises are affected by this issue. In this case the issue arises, that no internal successor is available. That's why external opportunities have to be considered. Among options like foundations or management buy-outs, private equity investors are one possibility of a successor. These investors bring new equity and know how into the enterprise. On the other side, private equity firms often invest only for a defined period and focus on the return on investments. That's why private equity firms mention in the sales contract specific rights and agreements. These rights include e.g., that other shareholder have to sell their shares, if the private equity firm wants to sell its shares. Furthermore, if the private equity firm wants to go public, the other shareholders must agree. If these rights are reflected in the sales contract, the private equity firm has the total power over the enterprise. That's why especially in the contract phase the current entrepreneur should be alerted, what agreements are reflected in the contract. Otherwise the PE firm holds sway over the whole company. After the defined time horizon, the private equity firm leaves the enterprise. For this different exit strategies exist: An Initial public offering, a trade sale, a secondary sale or a buy back. The most interesting one for the investor is to go public, followed by a trade sale. Going public means a high return on investments for the investor. All in all, the entrepreneur holds the strings: He can influence the future of the company, because he chooses the successor for the enterprise. If he reflects, what the enter
Book Synopsis Private Equity Investments in Emerging Markets by : Benjamin Heckmann
Download or read book Private Equity Investments in Emerging Markets written by Benjamin Heckmann and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2009-08-31 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2007 in the subject Business economics - Business Management, Corporate Governance, grade: 2,0, University of Münster (International Management), course: Seminar International Finance, language: English, abstract: The paper deals with Private Equity Investments in Emerging Markets. This asset class is associated with attractive opportunities and appropriate risk-adjusted returns. The Private Equity industry in Emerging Markets showed strong growth over the last few years – after a period of disappointment and unmet expectations. Private Equity is a primary source of equity for small and medium sized companies. It is associated with higher default risk but offers the opportunity to receive higher returns. One special characteristic is the provision of ‘smart money’, the integration of investment banking and management consultancy. The environment of Emerging Markets is challenging. The term refers to capital markets in developing countries with outstanding growth opportunities. 35 countries from Latin America, Central and Eastern Europe, Asia, Middle East and Africa belong to the group of Emerging Markets. These markets are characterised by weak legal institutions, political and economic risk, dysfunctional capital markets and a low standard of corpo-rate governance. The combination of the high risk asset class Private Equity with the high risk environment of Emerging Markets results in high risk investments. But the superior return op-portunities attract more and more investors. After a period of disappointment and setbacks – due to an inappropriate approach – at the beginning of the 21st century this asset class took off. Fundraising figures from 2003 to 2006 are increasing strongly and the investors expect the growth to continue. The macroeconomic environment, the legal framework and the quality of capital markets are the main determinants for Emerging Markets Private Equity. The introduction of good corporate governance is essential for the provision of a hospitable investment climate. If the legal framework is weak, efficient governance structures can serve as a substitute. Intensive due diligence, monitoring, involvement, networks, diversification and exiting are the key success factors for Private Equity firms engaging in Emerging Markets. With an appropriate adjustment of the strategy, risk can be mitigated and the investment is likely to be successful. Emerging Markets Private Equity can be beneficial for both the investors and the entrepreneurs. Especially small and medium sized enterprises and family-owned companies in Emerging Markets benefit from this source of equity while investors receive potential extraordinary returns and diversify their portfolio.
Book Synopsis Critical analysis of Private Equity investments from the investors’ and the target companies’ point of view by : Jan Sickinger
Download or read book Critical analysis of Private Equity investments from the investors’ and the target companies’ point of view written by Jan Sickinger and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2011-09-06 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Studienarbeit aus dem Jahr 2010 im Fachbereich BWL - Investition und Finanzierung, Note: 2,7, FOM Essen, Hochschule für Oekonomie & Management gemeinnützige GmbH, Hochschulleitung Essen früher Fachhochschule, Veranstaltung: Investment and Controlling, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: This assignment is part of the MBA studies at the University of Applied Science in Essen (FOM, Hochschule für Oekonomie, Essen) and covers the subject “International Finance and Controlling”. The objective of this assignment was a critical analysis of Private Equity (PE) investments both from the perspectives of PE investors and of PE target companies. PE investors expect high returns, but it could be shown by taking independent data into account that it is highly questionable if the returns of PE investments are always higher compared to other forms of investments. Furthermore, there is the risk of a total loss, which is higher for PE investments than other forms of investments, especially due to the information asymmetry between PE investors and PE issuers. Looking at it from the perspective of PE issuers, PE investments inject fresh capital into target companies with often a high percentage of debts. This capital can be used for expansion and innovation. However, PE investors expect high returns and may use assets of the target company to refinance debts which have been taken in order to finance the PE investment. Furthermore, PE companies will gain managerial control within the target company through which decisions are aligned with the objectives of the PE investor. This can also include decisions regarding the future employment situation in the target company. There cannot be an overall statement if PE investments are “good” or “bad” for both sides, because the outcome of an evaluation strongly depends on the statistical method, the observed time span, the choice of statistical data and the personal viewpoint.
Book Synopsis Private Equity Investment – A theoretical Analysis of Process, Parties and Requirements by : Sean Miller
Download or read book Private Equity Investment – A theoretical Analysis of Process, Parties and Requirements written by Sean Miller and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2011-10-04 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Studienarbeit aus dem Jahr 2011 im Fachbereich BWL - Investition und Finanzierung, FOM Essen, Hochschule für Oekonomie & Management gemeinnützige GmbH, Hochschulleitung Essen früher Fachhochschule (-), Veranstaltung: Investment & Controlling, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: The majority of companies are in need of investment capital to pursue their growth strategies. Also, a large number of companies only display a low equity ratio and as a result possess bad credit worthiness. In this regard, Private Equity represents a good alternative solution providing investment capital. It allows companies to make investments to solidify or improve their position among the competitors on the market. In times where banks and credit institutions exercise restraints, the interest of companies in Private Equity even increases. Nevertheless, particularly in Germany the growing importance of Private Equity is accompanied by great controversy. One group argues that often the Private Equity investors in their function as majority shareholders neglect the sustainable development of their portfolio companies in favor of their temporary value increase. On the other hand numerous studies indicate that companies benefit from Private Equity investments. According to these studies, companies, which have entered cooperation with Private Equity investors, comparatively, display stronger revenue growth and productivity and also generate more jobs.1 In this respect, the quality of the partnership between the portfolio company and the Private Equity investment association is a decisive success factor and must not be underestimated. Private Equity deals only generate win-win-situations if both parties are professionally engaged. Lack of preparation can either lead to a one-sided relationship – leaving one party at a disadvantage –, or even to a bad overall business, in which both sides incur losses. This paper takes the perspective of each party and points out which specific aspects they have to consider in order having good chances of benefiting from a Private Equity deal. This leads to the analysis of several critical stages within the investment process: investment stages in general, transaction process, due diligence, business valuation and exit. Prior the meaning, history and significance of Private Equity are described.
Book Synopsis Critical Analysis of Private Equity Investments from the Investors' and the Target Companies' Point of View by : Jan Sickinger
Download or read book Critical Analysis of Private Equity Investments from the Investors' and the Target Companies' Point of View written by Jan Sickinger and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2011 with total page 77 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Studienarbeit aus dem Jahr 2010 im Fachbereich BWL - Investition und Finanzierung, Note: 2,7, FOM Essen, Hochschule für Oekonomie & Management gemeinnützige GmbH, Hochschulleitung Essen früher Fachhochschule, Veranstaltung: Investment and Controlling, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: This assignment is part of the MBA studies at the University of Applied Science in Essen (FOM, Hochschule für Oekonomie, Essen) and covers the subject "International Finance and Controlling". The objective of this assignment was a critical analysis of Private Equity (PE) investments both from the perspectives of PE investors and of PE target companies. PE investors expect high returns, but it could be shown by taking independent data into account that it is highly questionable if the returns of PE investments are always higher compared to other forms of investments. Furthermore, there is the risk of a total loss, which is higher for PE investments than other forms of investments, especially due to the information asymmetry between PE investors and PE issuers. Looking at it from the perspective of PE issuers, PE investments inject fresh capital into target companies with often a high percentage of debts. This capital can be used for expansion and innovation. However, PE investors expect high returns and may use assets of the target company to refinance debts which have been taken in order to finance the PE investment. Furthermore, PE companies will gain managerial control within the target company through which decisions are aligned with the objectives of the PE investor. This can also include decisions regarding the future employment situation in the target company. There cannot be an overall statement if PE investments are "good" or "bad" for both sides, because the outcome of an evaluation strongly depends on the statistical method, the observed time span, the choice of statistical data and the personal viewpoint.
Book Synopsis Private Equity in Germany by : Thorsten Gröne
Download or read book Private Equity in Germany written by Thorsten Gröne and published by ibidem-Verlag / ibidem Press. This book was released on 2012-02-13 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study evaluates the value generation potential of private equity for German mid-cap companies. A discussion of the private equity industry and the analysis of the value generation levers serve as a basis to further explore private equity value generation in the German market. First, the special features of German mid-cap companies are examined with a special focus on their financing needs. Second, the German private equity market is introduced and its differentiating features are revealed. The comparison of the findings assesses the general suitability of private equity as a financing option for German mid-cap companies and suggests that many mid-cap companies are not (yet) suited for private equity investments. Finally, the applicability of the identified value generation levers on the German mid-cap segment is analyzed with the help of a conceptual framework in order to evaluate the value generation potential. The results show that the traditional value generation levers are applicable but have to be adjusted with respect to national differences. Private equity associations have to specifically address the strong social considerations in the German business culture and the traditional unity of management, ownership, and supervision in the mid-cap segment in order to realize high rates of return. Anecdotal and recent empirical evidence indicates the relevance of many theoretical conclusions.
Book Synopsis Introduction to Private Equity by : Cyril Demaria
Download or read book Introduction to Private Equity written by Cyril Demaria and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-03-30 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction to Private Equity is a critical yet grounded guide to the private equity industry. Far more than just another introductory guide, the book blends academic rigour with practical experience to provide a critical perspective of the industry from a professional who has worked at many levels within the industry, including insurance, funds of funds, funds and portfolio companies. The book looks at private equity from the point of view of the individual or the business. How is a private business valued? How is the acquisition transaction processed? What are the due diligence issues that should be considered before moving ahead? A valuable insight to a rather opaque market. Introduction to Private Equity covers the private equity industry as a whole, highlighting its historical development in order to put its recent development into perspective. The book covers its organization, governance and function, then details the various segments within the industry, including LBO, Venture Capital, Mezzanine Financing, Growth Capital and beyond. Finally, it offers a framework to anticipate and understand its future developments. It provides a balanced perspective on the current corporate governance challenges which are affecting the industry and draws perspective to understand the evolution of the sector, following one of its major crises.
Book Synopsis Private Equity 4.0 by : Benoît Leleux
Download or read book Private Equity 4.0 written by Benoît Leleux and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-03-30 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “Private equity is more economically significant than ever, as institutions hunt for high returns in a risky world. Private Equity 4.0 examines the role, workings and contribution of this important industry in a straightforward yet revealing manner.” Dr. Josh Lerner Jacob H. Schiff Professor of Investment Banking Chair, Entrepreneurial Management Unit Harvard Business School A multi-perspective look at private equity's inner workings Private Equity 4.0 provides an insider perspective on the private equity industry, and analyzes the fundamental evolution of the private equity asset class over the past 30 years, from alternative to mainstream. The book provides insightful interviews of key industry figures, and case studies of some of the success stories in the industry. It also answers key questions related to strategy, fund manager selection, incentive mechanisms, performance comparison, red flags in prospectuses, and more. Private Equity 4.0 offers guidance for the many stakeholders that could benefit from a more complete understanding of this special area of finance. Understand the industry's dominant business models Discover how value is created and performance measured Perform a deep dive into the ecosystem of professionals that make the industry hum, including the different incentive systems that support the industry's players Elaborate a clear set of guidelines to invest in the industry and deliver better performance Written by a team of authors that combine academic and industry expertise to produce a well-rounded perspective, this book details the inner workings of private equity and gives readers the background they need to feel confident about committing to this asset class. Coverage includes a historical perspective on the business models of the three major waves of private equity leading to today's 4.0 model, a detailed analysis of the industry today, as well as reflections on the future of private equity and prospective futures. It also provides readers with the analytical and financial tools to analyze a fund's performance, with clear explanations of the mechanisms, organizations, and individuals that make the system work. The authors demystify private equity by providing a balanced, but critical, review of its contributions and shortcomings and moving beyond the simplistic journalistic descriptions. Its ecosystem is complex and not recognizing that complexity leads to inappropriate judgments. Because of its assumed opacity and some historical deviant (and generally transient) practices, it has often been accused of evil intents, making it an ideal scapegoat in times of economic crisis, prodding leading politicians and regulators to intervene and demand changes in practices. Unfortunately, such actors were often responding to public calls for action rather than a thorough understanding of the factors at play in this complex interdependent system, doing often more harm than good in the process and depriving economies of one of their most dynamic and creative forces. Self-regulation has clearly shown its limits, but righteous political interventions even more so. Private equity investment can be a valuable addition to many portfolios, but investors need a clear understanding of the forces at work before committing to this asset class. With detailed explanations and expert insights, Private Equity 4.0 is a comprehensive guide to the industry ways and means that enables the reader to capture its richness and sustainability.
Book Synopsis Private Equity Investment - A theoretical Analysis of Process, Parties and Requirements by : Sean Miller
Download or read book Private Equity Investment - A theoretical Analysis of Process, Parties and Requirements written by Sean Miller and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2011 with total page 81 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Studienarbeit aus dem Jahr 2011 im Fachbereich BWL - Investition und Finanzierung, FOM Essen, Hochschule für Oekonomie & Management gemeinnützige GmbH, Hochschulleitung Essen früher Fachhochschule (-), Veranstaltung: Investment & Controlling, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: The majority of companies are in need of investment capital to pursue their growth strategies. Also, a large number of companies only display a low equity ratio and as a result possess bad credit worthiness. In this regard, Private Equity represents a good alternative solution providing investment capital. It allows companies to make investments to solidify or improve their position among the competitors on the market. In times where banks and credit institutions exercise restraints, the interest of companies in Private Equity even increases. Nevertheless, particularly in Germany the growing importance of Private Equity is accompanied by great controversy. One group argues that often the Private Equity investors in their function as majority shareholders neglect the sustainable development of their portfolio companies in favor of their temporary value increase. On the other hand numerous studies indicate that companies benefit from Private Equity investments. According to these studies, companies, which have entered cooperation with Private Equity investors, comparatively, display stronger revenue growth and productivity and also generate more jobs.1 In this respect, the quality of the partnership between the portfolio company and the Private Equity investment association is a decisive success factor and must not be underestimated. Private Equity deals only generate win-win-situations if both parties are professionally engaged. Lack of preparation can either lead to a one-sided relationship - leaving one party at a disadvantage -, or even to a bad overall business, in which both sides incur losses. This paper takes the perspective of each party and points out which specific aspects they have to cons
Book Synopsis Value Creation in Middle Market Private Equity by : John A. Lanier
Download or read book Value Creation in Middle Market Private Equity written by John A. Lanier and published by Lund Humphries Publishers. This book was released on 2015-02-01 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seen as the job creating engine within the U.S. economy, small business is often a prime target market for private equity investment. Indeed, private equity backs over six of each 100 private sector jobs. Both the small businesses in which private equity firms invest, and the private equity firms making the investments, face inter- and intra-company fiduciary leadership challenges while implementing formulated strategy. The architecture of each private equity firm-portfolio company relationship must be uniquely crafted to capitalize on projected ROI that is memorialized in the investment thesis. Given the leveraged capital structure of portfolio companies, the cost of a misstep is problematic. In Value -Creation in Middle Market Private Equity, John A. Lanier examines relationships between middle market private equity firms and their portfolio companies.
Book Synopsis The Private Equity Edge: How Private Equity Players and the World's Top Companies Build Value and Wealth by : Arthur B. Laffer
Download or read book The Private Equity Edge: How Private Equity Players and the World's Top Companies Build Value and Wealth written by Arthur B. Laffer and published by McGraw Hill Professional. This book was released on 2008-07-01 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The world is changing and has never been more challenging to private equity players, public companies, and investors. With record market volatility and a global economic crisis, decision makers of all types can learn from successful private equity players and other top value builders. Private equity is growing at a rapid rate, with $2.7 trillion in transactions since 2001 and buyouts occurring in every type of market, including declining ones. And now, with the end of investment banks as we know them, the door is open to more opportunities than ever. In The Private Equity Edge, economics giant Arthur B. Laffer, along with value-building experts William J. Hass and Shepherd G. Pryor IV, combines the concepts of intrinsic value, macroeconomics, and incentives into a single strategy used by today’s top value builders. You’ll learn how to create value while reducing risk by: Thoroughly exploring relevant data to quantify ranges of value and risk Anticipating reactions of those whom you seek to influence Exploring possibilities and options before making major decisions Employing incentive systems that work in both up and down markets Examples of major private equity players at Blackstone, KKR, Carlyle, Cerberus, and Madison Dearborne Partners illustrate what to do and what to avoid in specific situations. Decision makers seeking to take full advantage of the new, interconnected world of business and economics will learn how to make the best decision the first time around, quickly and with conviction—the key to seizing the private equity edge.
Book Synopsis Secondary Markets of Private Equity Investments by : Severin Zörgiebel
Download or read book Secondary Markets of Private Equity Investments written by Severin Zörgiebel and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2009-07-16 with total page 63 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bachelor Thesis from the year 2008 in the subject Business economics - Investment and Finance, grade: 1,0, University of Frankfurt (Main), language: English, abstract: Private equity is an asset class with one notorious problem: illiquidity. First,investments are made without an exit option prior the determined maturity and second it is nearly impossible to purchase an interest of an existing private equityfund. For the last few years these issues have been changing due to the development and the emergence of a secondary market in the field of private equity (PE) which opens new investment opportunities and “provides investors with liquidity in an extremely illiquid asset class.” The main market indicators are growth and maturity. Especially in the financial sector of secondary markets the development of these indicators should be named. The PE secondary market is in a very early state and far from institutionalized markets like stock exchanges. Heavy market imperfections are a problematic characteristic in this context. Buyers and sellers have to meet privately and negotiate an agreement. Holding an asset for such a long period like in PE can be very unnatural and difficult in a fast moving world in which the need for liquidity and changing regulations, economic situations or other issues emerge very quickly. In consequence, an efficient secondary market seems to be important and necessary to face these problems and give investors the ability to participate and unload assets when circumstances force them to do so. The PE secondary market is a relatively new phenomenon and is characterized by steady movement, change and development. Experts from market leading secondary funds and advisory services attest the PE secondary market an essential progress. The PE secondary market transforms from a market for unloading poor performing assets, to an instrument for providing chances in the way of an active portfolio management tool. This Bachelor Thesis, titled “Secondary Markets of Private Equity Investments – An Analysis” has the main target to give a prevailing and critical overview of this subject.
Book Synopsis Private Equity at Work by : Eileen Appelbaum
Download or read book Private Equity at Work written by Eileen Appelbaum and published by Russell Sage Foundation. This book was released on 2014-03-31 with total page 395 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Private equity firms have long been at the center of public debates on the impact of the financial sector on Main Street companies. Are these firms financial innovators that save failing businesses or financial predators that bankrupt otherwise healthy companies and destroy jobs? The first comprehensive examination of this topic, Private Equity at Work provides a detailed yet accessible guide to this controversial business model. Economist Eileen Appelbaum and Professor Rosemary Batt carefully evaluate the evidence—including original case studies and interviews, legal documents, bankruptcy proceedings, media coverage, and existing academic scholarship—to demonstrate the effects of private equity on American businesses and workers. They document that while private equity firms have had positive effects on the operations and growth of small and mid-sized companies and in turning around failing companies, the interventions of private equity more often than not lead to significant negative consequences for many businesses and workers. Prior research on private equity has focused almost exclusively on the financial performance of private equity funds and the returns to their investors. Private Equity at Work provides a new roadmap to the largely hidden internal operations of these firms, showing how their business strategies disproportionately benefit the partners in private equity firms at the expense of other stakeholders and taxpayers. In the 1980s, leveraged buyouts by private equity firms saw high returns and were widely considered the solution to corporate wastefulness and mismanagement. And since 2000, nearly 11,500 companies—representing almost 8 million employees—have been purchased by private equity firms. As their role in the economy has increased, they have come under fire from labor unions and community advocates who argue that the proliferation of leveraged buyouts destroys jobs, causes wages to stagnate, saddles otherwise healthy companies with debt, and leads to subsidies from taxpayers. Appelbaum and Batt show that private equity firms’ financial strategies are designed to extract maximum value from the companies they buy and sell, often to the detriment of those companies and their employees and suppliers. Their risky decisions include buying companies and extracting dividends by loading them with high levels of debt and selling assets. These actions often lead to financial distress and a disproportionate focus on cost-cutting, outsourcing, and wage and benefit losses for workers, especially if they are unionized. Because the law views private equity firms as investors rather than employers, private equity owners are not held accountable for their actions in ways that public corporations are. And their actions are not transparent because private equity owned companies are not regulated by the Securities and Exchange Commission. Thus, any debts or costs of bankruptcy incurred fall on businesses owned by private equity and their workers, not the private equity firms that govern them. For employees this often means loss of jobs, health and pension benefits, and retirement income. Appelbaum and Batt conclude with a set of policy recommendations intended to curb the negative effects of private equity while preserving its constructive role in the economy. These include policies to improve transparency and accountability, as well as changes that would reduce the excessive use of financial engineering strategies by firms. A groundbreaking analysis of a hotly contested business model, Private Equity at Work provides an unprecedented analysis of the little-understood inner workings of private equity and of the effects of leveraged buyouts on American companies and workers. This important new work will be a valuable resource for scholars, policymakers, and the informed public alike.
Book Synopsis Private Equity in Germany by : Torsten Gröne
Download or read book Private Equity in Germany written by Torsten Gröne and published by Ibidem Press. This book was released on 2005 with total page 151 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study evaluates the value generation potential of private equity for German mid-cap companies. A discussion of the private equity industry and the analysis of the value generation levers serve as a basis to further explore private equity value generation in the German market. First, the special features of German mid-cap companies are examined with a special focus on their financing needs. Second, the German private equity market is introduced and its differentiating features are revealed. The comparison of the findings assesses the general suitability of private equity as a financing option for German mid-cap companies and suggests that many mid-cap companies are not (yet) suited for private equity investments. Finally, the applicability of the identified value generation levers on the German mid-cap segment is analyzed with the help of a conceptual framework in order to evaluate the value generation potential. The results show that the traditional value generation levers are applicable but have to be adjusted with respect to national differences. Private equity associations have to specifically address the strong social considerations in the German business culture and the traditional unity of management, ownership, and supervision in the mid-cap segment in order to realize high rates of return. Anecdotal and recent empirical evidence indicates the relevance of many theoretical conclusions.
