Credit Spreads and Real Activity

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 72 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (129 download)

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Book Synopsis Credit Spreads and Real Activity by : Philippe Mueller

Download or read book Credit Spreads and Real Activity written by Philippe Mueller and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper explores the transmission of credit conditions into the real economy. Specifically, I examine the forecasting power of the term structure of credit spreads for future GDP growth. I find that the whole term structure of credit spreads has predictive power, while the term structure of Treasury yields has none. Using a parsimonious macro-finance term structure model that captures the joint dynamics of GDP, inflation, Treasury yields and credit spreads, I decompose the spreads and identify the drivers of this transmission effect. I show that there is a pure credit component orthogonal to macroeconomic information that accounts for a large part of the forecasting power of credit spreads. The macro factors themselves also contribute to the predictive power, especially for long maturity spreads. Additional factors affecting Treasury yields and credit spreads are irrelevant for predicting future economic activity. The credit factor is highly correlated with the index of tighter loan standards, thus lending support to the existence of a transmission channel from borrowing conditions to the economy. Using data from 2006-2008, I capture the ongoing crisis, during which credit conditions have heavily tightened and I show that the model provides reasonably accurate out-of-sample predictions for this period. As of year-end 2008, the model predicts a contraction of -2% in real GDP growth for 2009, which is lower than comparable survey forecasts.

The Term Structure of Credit Spreads and the Economic Activity

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (631 download)

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Book Synopsis The Term Structure of Credit Spreads and the Economic Activity by :

Download or read book The Term Structure of Credit Spreads and the Economic Activity written by and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We estimate arbitrage-free term structure models of US Treasury yields and spreads on BBB and B-rated corporate bonds in a doubly- stochastic intensity-based framework. A novel feature of our analysis is the inclusion of macroeconomic variables - indicators of real activity, inflation and financial conditions - as well as latent factors, as drivers of term structure dynamics. Our results point to three key roles played by macro factors in the term structure of spreads: they have a significant impact on the level, and particularly the slope, of the curves; they are largely responsible for variation in the prices of systematic risk; and speculative grade spreads exhibit greater sensitivity to macro shocks than high grade spreads. In addition to estimating risk-neutral default intensities, we provide estimates of physical default intensities using data on Moody's KMV EDFs"!as a forward-looking proxy for default risk. We find that the real and financial activity indicators, along with filtered estimates of the latent factors from our term structure model, explain a large portion of the variation in EDFs"!across time. Furthermore, measures of the price of default event risk implied by estimates of physical and risk-neutral intensities indicate that compensation for default event risk is countercyclical, varies widely across the cycle, and is higher on average and more variable for higher- rated bonds.

Monetary Policy, Real Activity, and Credit Spreads

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (953 download)

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Book Synopsis Monetary Policy, Real Activity, and Credit Spreads by : Dario Caldara

Download or read book Monetary Policy, Real Activity, and Credit Spreads written by Dario Caldara and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Macro Factors in the Term Structure of Credit Spreads

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 72 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Macro Factors in the Term Structure of Credit Spreads by : Jeffery D. Amato

Download or read book Macro Factors in the Term Structure of Credit Spreads written by Jeffery D. Amato and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We estimate arbitrage-free term structure models of US Treasury yields and spreads on BBB and B rated corporate bonds in a doubly-stochastic intensity-based framework. A novel feature of our analysis is the inclusion of macroeconomic variables -- indicators of real activity, inflation and financial conditions -- as well as latent factors, as drivers of term structure dynamics. Our results point to three key roles played by macro factors in the term structure of spreads: they have a significant impact on the level, and particularly the slope, of the curves; they are largely responsible for variation in the prices of systematic risk; and speculative grade spreads exhibit greater sensitivity to macro shocks than high grade spreads. In addition to estimating risk-neutral default intensities, we provide estimates of physical default intensities using data on Moody's KMV EDFs as a forward--looking proxy for default risk. We find that the real and financial activity indicators, along with filtered estimates of the latent factors from our term structure model, explain a large portion of the variation in EDFs across time. Furthermore, measures of the price of default event risk implied by estimates of physical and risk-neutral intensities indicate that compensation for default event risk is countercyclical, varies widely across the cycle, and is higher on average and more variable for higher-rated bonds.

Corporate Bond Risk and Real Activity

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Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 68 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis Corporate Bond Risk and Real Activity by : Jorge A. Chan-Lau

Download or read book Corporate Bond Risk and Real Activity written by Jorge A. Chan-Lau and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2001 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Credit Spreads, Economic Activity and Fragmentation

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789289921787
Total Pages : 74 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (217 download)

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Book Synopsis Credit Spreads, Economic Activity and Fragmentation by :

Download or read book Credit Spreads, Economic Activity and Fragmentation written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Credit spreads may be jointly driven by developments that are orthogonal to the current state of the economy. We show that this unobserved systematic component is demanded to hedge against adverse economic fluctuations. Using either yield-to-maturity spreads or asset swap spreads for 2345 Eurobonds across euro area non-financial industries, we estimate a market-wide relative excess bond premium - a function of the unobserved systematic component -, which can predict real economic activity, the stock market and survey-based economic sentiment. This premium was highly negative between March 2003 and June 2007 in all bond segments and turned positive since then up to the launch of the 3-years long term refinancing operations in December 2011, predicting the financial crisis and the two recessions. Finally, using the countries'excess bond premia, we find that fragmentation risk increased sharply after Lehman's bankruptcy and during the sovereign debt crisis.

Credit Spreads, Economic Activity and Fragmentation

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 76 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (13 download)

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Book Synopsis Credit Spreads, Economic Activity and Fragmentation by : Roberto A. De Santis

Download or read book Credit Spreads, Economic Activity and Fragmentation written by Roberto A. De Santis and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Credit spreads may be jointly driven by developments that are orthogonal to the current state of the economy. We show that this unobserved systematic component is demanded to hedge against adverse economic fluctuations. Using either yield-to-maturity spreads or asset swap spreads for 2345 Eurobonds across euro area non-financial industries, we estimate a market wide relative excess bond premium - a function of the unobserved systematic component, which can predict real economic activity, the stock market and survey-based economic sentiment. This premium was highly negative between March 2003 and June 2007 in all bond segments and turned positive since then up to the launch of the 3-years long term refinancing operations in December 2011, predicting the financial crisis and the two recessions. Finally, using the countries' excess bond premia, we find that fragmentation risk increased sharply after Lehmans bankruptcy and during the sovereign debt crisis.

Credit Spreads as Predictors of Real-Time Economic Activity

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 52 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (131 download)

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Book Synopsis Credit Spreads as Predictors of Real-Time Economic Activity by : Jon Faust

Download or read book Credit Spreads as Predictors of Real-Time Economic Activity written by Jon Faust and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Employing a large number of financial indicators, we use Bayesian Model Averaging (BMA) to forecast real-time measures of economic activity. The indicators include credit spreads based on portfolios -- constructed directly from the secondary market prices of outstanding bonds -- sorted by maturity and credit risk. Relative to an autoregressive benchmark, BMA yields consistent improvements in the prediction of the cyclically-sensitive measures of economic activity at horizons from the current quarter out to four quarters hence. The gains in forecast accuracy are statistically significant and economically important and owe almost exclusively to the inclusion of credit spreads in the set of predictors.

A U.S. Financial Conditions Index

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Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 40 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis A U.S. Financial Conditions Index by : Andrew Swiston

Download or read book A U.S. Financial Conditions Index written by Andrew Swiston and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2008-06 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper uses vector autoregressions and impulse-response functions to construct a U.S. financial conditions index (FCI). Credit availability--proxied by survey results on lending standards--is an important driver of the business cycle, accounting for over 20 percent of the typical contribution of financial factors to growth. A net tightening in lending standards of 20 percentage points reduces economic activity by 3/4 percent after one year and 1 1/4 percent after two years. Much of the impact of monetary policy on the economy also works through its effects on credit supply, which is evidence supporting the existence of a credit channel of monetary policy. Shocks to corporate bond yields, equity prices, and real exchange rates also contribute to fluctuations in the FCI. This FCI is an accurate predictor of real GDP growth, anticipating turning points in activity with a lead time of six to nine months.

Credit spreads and business cycle fluctuations

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 35 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (732 download)

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Book Synopsis Credit spreads and business cycle fluctuations by : Simon Gilchrist

Download or read book Credit spreads and business cycle fluctuations written by Simon Gilchrist and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: This paper examines the evidence on the relationship between credit spreads and economic activity. Using an extensive data set of prices of outstanding corporate bonds trading in the secondary market, we construct a credit spread index that isâ?"compared with the standard default-risk indicatorsâ?"a considerably more powerful predictor of economic activity. Using an empirical framework, we decompose our index into a predictable component that captures the available firm-specific information on expected defaults and a residual componentâ?"the excess bond premium. Our results indicate that the predictive content of credit spreads is due primarily to movements in the excess bond premium. Innovations in the excess bond premium that are orthogonal to the current state of the economy are shown to lead to significant declines in economic activity and equity prices. We also show that during the 2007â??09 financial crisis, a deterioration in the creditworthiness of broker-dealersâ?"key financial intermediaries in the corporate cash marketâ?"led to an increase in the excess bond premium. These find- ings support the notion that a rise in the excess bond premium represents a reduction in the effective risk-bearing capacity of the financial sector and, as a result, a contraction in the supply of credit with significant adverse consequences for the macroeconomy.

Credit Spreads and Business Cycle Fluctuations

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 35 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (721 download)

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Book Synopsis Credit Spreads and Business Cycle Fluctuations by : Simon Gilchrist

Download or read book Credit Spreads and Business Cycle Fluctuations written by Simon Gilchrist and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: This paper examines the evidence on the relationship between credit spreads and economic activity. Using an extensive data set of prices of outstanding corporate bonds trading in the secondary market, we construct a credit spread index that isâ?"compared with the standard default-risk indicatorsâ?"a considerably more powerful predictor of economic activity. Using an empirical framework, we decompose our index into a predictable component that captures the available firm-specific information on expected defaults and a residual componentâ?"the excess bond premium. Our results indicate that the predictive content of credit spreads is due primarily to movements in the excess bond premium. Innovations in the excess bond premium that are orthogonal to the current state of the economy are shown to lead to significant declines in economic activity and equity prices. We also show that during the 2007â??09 financial crisis, a deterioration in the creditworthiness of broker-dealersâ?"key financial intermediaries in the corporate cash marketâ?"led to an increase in the excess bond premium. These find- ings support the notion that a rise in the excess bond premium represents a reduction in the effective risk-bearing capacity of the financial sector and, as a result, a contraction in the supply of credit with significant adverse consequences for the macroeconomy.

Credit Spreads and Economic Activity in Eight European Economies

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (879 download)

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Book Synopsis Credit Spreads and Economic Activity in Eight European Economies by : Veronica Veleanu

Download or read book Credit Spreads and Economic Activity in Eight European Economies written by Veronica Veleanu and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Understanding Inflation and the Implications for Monetary Policy

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Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 026225820X
Total Pages : 517 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (622 download)

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Book Synopsis Understanding Inflation and the Implications for Monetary Policy by : Jeff Fuhrer

Download or read book Understanding Inflation and the Implications for Monetary Policy written by Jeff Fuhrer and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2009-09-11 with total page 517 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Current perspectives on the Phillips curve, a core macroeconomic concept that treats the relationship between inflation and unemployment. In 1958, economist A. W. Phillips published an article describing what he observed to be the inverse relationship between inflation and unemployment; subsequently, the “Phillips curve” became a central concept in macroeconomic analysis and policymaking. But today's Phillips curve is not the same as the original one from fifty years ago; the economy, our understanding of price setting behavior, the determinants of inflation, and the role of monetary policy have evolved significantly since then. In this book, some of the top economists working today reexamine the theoretical and empirical validity of the Phillips curve in its more recent specifications. The contributors consider such questions as what economists have learned about price and wage setting and inflation expectations that would improve the way we use and formulate the Phillips curve, what the Phillips curve approach can teach us about inflation dynamics, and how these lessons can be applied to improving the conduct of monetary policy. Contributors Lawrence Ball, Ben Bernanke, Oliver Blanchard, V. V. Chari, William T. Dickens, Stanley Fischer, Jeff Fuhrer, Jordi Gali, Michael T. Kiley, Robert G. King, Donald L. Kohn, Yolanda K. Kodrzycki, Jane Sneddon Little, Bartisz Mackowiak, N. Gregory Mankiw, Virgiliu Midrigan, Giovanni P. Olivei, Athanasios Orphanides, Adrian R. Pagan, Christopher A. Pissarides, Lucrezia Reichlin, Paul A. Samuelson, Christopher A. Sims, Frank R. Smets, Robert M. Solow, Jürgen Stark, James H. Stock, Lars E. O. Svensson, John B. Taylor, Mark W. Watson

Credit market shocks and economic fluctuations : evidence from corporate bond and stock markets

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 49 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (34 download)

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Book Synopsis Credit market shocks and economic fluctuations : evidence from corporate bond and stock markets by : Simon Gilchrist

Download or read book Credit market shocks and economic fluctuations : evidence from corporate bond and stock markets written by Simon Gilchrist and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To identify disruptions in credit markets, research on the role of asset prices in economic fluctuations has focused on the information content of various corporate credit spreads. We re-examine this evidence using a broad array of credit spreads constructed directly from the secondary bond prices on outstanding senior unsecured debt issued by a large panel of nonfinancial firms. An advantage of our "ground-up'' approach is that we are able to construct matched portfolios of equity returns, which allows us to examine the information content of bond spreads that is orthogonal to the information contained in stock prices of the same set of firms, as well as in macroeconomic variables measuring economic activity, inflation, interest rates, and other financial indicators. Our portfolio-based bond spreads contain substantial predictive power for economic activity and outperform---especially at longer horizons---standard default-risk indicators. Much of the predictive power of bond spreads for economic activity is embedded in securities issued by intermediate-risk rather than high-risk firms. According to impulse responses from a structural factor-augmented vector autoregression, unexpected increases in bond spreads cause large and persistent contractions in economic activity. Indeed, shocks emanating from the corporate bond market account for more than 30~percent of the forecast error variance in economic activity at the two- to four-year horizon. Overall, our results imply that credit market shocks have contributed significantly to U.S.\ economic fluctuations during the 1990--2008 period.

Credit Market Shocks and Economic Fluctuations

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 49 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (12 download)

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Book Synopsis Credit Market Shocks and Economic Fluctuations by : Simon Gilchrist

Download or read book Credit Market Shocks and Economic Fluctuations written by Simon Gilchrist and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To identify disruptions in credit markets, research on the role of asset prices in economic fluctuations has focused on the information content of various corporate credit spreads. We re-examine this evidence using a broad array of credit spreads constructed directly from the secondary bond prices on outstanding senior unsecured debt issued by a large panel of nonfinancial firms. An advantage of our "ground-up'' approach is that we are able to construct matched portfolios of equity returns, which allows us to examine the information content of bond spreads that is orthogonal to the information contained in stock prices of the same set of firms, as well as in macroeconomic variables measuring economic activity, inflation, interest rates, and other financial indicators. Our portfolio-based bond spreads contain substantial predictive power for economic activity and outperform---especially at longer horizons---standard default-risk indicators. Much of the predictive power of bond spreads for economic activity is embedded in securities issued by intermediate-risk rather than high-risk firms. According to impulse responses from a structural factor-augmented vector autoregression, unexpected increases in bond spreads cause large and persistent contractions in economic activity. Indeed, shocks emanating from the corporate bond market account for more than 30~percent of the forecast error variance in economic activity at the two- to four-year horizon. Overall, our results imply that credit market shocks have contributed significantly to U.S.\ economic fluctuations during the 1990--2008 period.

The Effects of Inflation on Economic Growth

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 20 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis The Effects of Inflation on Economic Growth by : Jose De Gregorio

Download or read book The Effects of Inflation on Economic Growth written by Jose De Gregorio and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Dynamic Factor Models

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Publisher : Emerald Group Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1785603523
Total Pages : 685 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (856 download)

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Book Synopsis Dynamic Factor Models by : Siem Jan Koopman

Download or read book Dynamic Factor Models written by Siem Jan Koopman and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2016-01-08 with total page 685 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume explores dynamic factor model specification, asymptotic and finite-sample behavior of parameter estimators, identification, frequentist and Bayesian estimation of the corresponding state space models, and applications.