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Improved Non-Steroid Anti-Inflammatory Drugs: COX-2 Enzyme Inhibitors

Author : Sir John R. Vane
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401090297
Total Pages : 249 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis Improved Non-Steroid Anti-Inflammatory Drugs: COX-2 Enzyme Inhibitors by : Sir John R. Vane

Download or read book Improved Non-Steroid Anti-Inflammatory Drugs: COX-2 Enzyme Inhibitors written by Sir John R. Vane and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1971, Vane proposed that the mechanism of action of the aspirin-like drugs was through their inhibition of prostaglandin biosynthesis. Since then, there has been intense interest in the interaction between this diverse group of inhibitors and the enzyme known as cyclooxygenase (COX). It exists in two isoforms, COX-l and COX-2 (discovered some 5 years ago). Over the last two decades several new drugs have reached the market based on COX-l enzyme screens. Elucidation of the three-dimensional structure of COX-l has provided a new understanding for the actions of COX inhibitors. The constitutive isoform of COX, COX-l has clear physiological functions. Its activation leads, for instance, to the production of prostacyclin which when released by the endothelium is anti-thrombogenic and anti-atherosclerotic, and in the gastric mucosa is cyto protective. COX-l also generates prostaglandins in the kidney, where they help to maintain blood flow and promote natriuresis. The inducible isoform, COX-2, was discovered through its activity being increased in a number of cells by pro inflammatory stimuli. A year or so later, COX-2 was identified as a distinct isoform encoded by a different gene from COX-I. COX-2 is induced by inflammatory stimuli and by cytokines in migratory and other cells. Thus the anti-inflammatory actions of non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may be due to the inhibition of COX-2, whereas the unwanted side-effects such as irritation of the stomach lining and toxic effects on the kidney are due to inhibition of the constitutive enzyme, COX-I.

Selective COX-2 Inhibitors

Author : Sir John R. Vane
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401148724
Total Pages : 153 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Selective COX-2 Inhibitors by : Sir John R. Vane

Download or read book Selective COX-2 Inhibitors written by Sir John R. Vane and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The mainstay of therapy for rheumatoid disease is the non-steroid antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), despite their inherent gastrointestinal toxicity and ability to cause renal damage in susceptible patients. The theory that the beneficial and toxic effects of NSAIDs stem from a reduction in prostanoid production through inhibition of cyclooxygenase implied that particular toxicities were inevitable with NSAIDs and would always be correlated with efficacy. However, over the years, it became apparent that at therapeutic doses, some NSAIDs had greater toxic side-effects than others, a fact not explained by the general theory. A significant clarification arose from the discovery that there are two distinct isoforms of COX, a constitutive enzyme (COX-I) responsible for the production of prostanoids necessary for platelet aggregation and protection of the gastric mucosa and kidney; and an inducible enzyme (COX-2) that is newly synthesized at sites of tissue damage and produces prostaglandins that manifest pathological effects. It became clear that different NSAIDs had greater or lesser effects on COX-I when used in therapeutic doses, explaining the variation in side-effects. ' The elucidation of the crystal structure of these different enzymes and the skills of medicinal chemists have led to the synthesis of new chemicals with a selectivity for the inducible enzyme, and thus with therapeutic efficacy without those toxic effects result ing from inhibition of the constitutive enzyme.

The Tumour Microenvironment

Author : Jamie A. Goode
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 9780471499596
Total Pages : 322 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (995 download)

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Book Synopsis The Tumour Microenvironment by : Jamie A. Goode

Download or read book The Tumour Microenvironment written by Jamie A. Goode and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2001-11-28 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ergebnisse von in vitro-Studien lassen vermuten, dass sich der pH-Wert in einem Tumor auf die Wirksamkeit von Chemo- oder Strahlentherapien auswirken kann. Wie aber sieht die Beziehung zwischen der Tumorentwicklung und dem pH-Wert aus? Können ein niedriger pH-Wert oder ein Sauerstoffmangel die Carcinogenese hemmen? Wo bieten sich therapeutische Ansätze? Anwort auf diese und andere Fragen finden Sie in diesem Band. In interdisziplinärer Weise wurden Beiträge aus der Grundlagenforschung und der klinischen Praxis zusammengetragen.

Eicosanoids and Other Bioactive Lipids in Cancer, Inflammation and Radiation Injury

Author : Santosh Nigam
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461535204
Total Pages : 765 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (615 download)

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Book Synopsis Eicosanoids and Other Bioactive Lipids in Cancer, Inflammation and Radiation Injury by : Santosh Nigam

Download or read book Eicosanoids and Other Bioactive Lipids in Cancer, Inflammation and Radiation Injury written by Santosh Nigam and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 765 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent decades eicosanoids have been attracting an increasing amount of attention as a result of their important physiological roles in many areas of biology and medicine. The eicosanoids comprise the prostaglandins, thromboxanes and leukotrienes and are products of arachidonic acid, an essential polyunsaturated fatty acid stored in tissue phospholipids. Disturbances of eicosanoids and their metabolic products play a regulatory role in many types of cell injuries and diseases. One of the most exciting areas of eicosanoid research pinpoints their participation in the control of cell proliferation and differentiation. Eicosanoids form a link between different fields of research into such areas as cancer, inflammation and radiation-induced injury. This link provided the impetus for the development of the conference series of which the present volume represents the proceedings of the Second International Conference, held in Berlin in October 1991.

COX-2 Inhibitors

Author : Michel Pairet
Publisher : Birkhäuser
ISBN 13 : 3034878796
Total Pages : 255 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (348 download)

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Book Synopsis COX-2 Inhibitors by : Michel Pairet

Download or read book COX-2 Inhibitors written by Michel Pairet and published by Birkhäuser. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: COX-2 inhibitors are important drugs with analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects. The discovery of COX-2, the evolution of drug development in this field and the implications of these developments in patient therapy are topics of this volume. This book presents both pre-clinical and clinical information and is important for clinicians interested in the latest information about this class of drugs, for researchers and for students in the field.

The Essence of Analgesia and Analgesics

Author : Raymond S. Sinatra
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139491989
Total Pages : 551 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)

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Book Synopsis The Essence of Analgesia and Analgesics by : Raymond S. Sinatra

Download or read book The Essence of Analgesia and Analgesics written by Raymond S. Sinatra and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-10-14 with total page 551 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Essence of Analgesia and Analgesics is an invaluable practical resource for clinicians giving pain relief in any clinical setting, describing the pharmacologic principles and clinical use of all available pain medications. As well as detailed overviews of pain processing and analgesic theory, sections are dedicated to oral and panteral opioid analgesics, neuraxial opioids, NSAIDs, local anesthetics, anticonvulsant type analgesics, NMDA antagonists, alpha adrenergic analgesics, antidepressant analgesics, muscle relaxants, adjuvant medications, and new and emerging analgesics. The concise format of the chapters allows for quick and easy reading and assimilation of information. Enhanced by summary tables and figures, each chapter provides an overview of a particular drug, covering chemical structure, mode of activity, indications, contraindications, common doses and uses, advantages and disadvantages, and drug related adverse events. Key references are also provided. Edited by leading experts in pain management, this is essential reading for any clinician involved in pain management.

COX-2 Inhibitor Research

Author : Maynard J. Howardell
Publisher : Nova Publishers
ISBN 13 : 9781594549946
Total Pages : 274 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (499 download)

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Book Synopsis COX-2 Inhibitor Research by : Maynard J. Howardell

Download or read book COX-2 Inhibitor Research written by Maynard J. Howardell and published by Nova Publishers. This book was released on 2006 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: COX-2 Inhibitors are newly developed drugs for inflammation that selectively block the COX-2 enzyme. Blocking this enzyme impedes the production of the chemical messengers (prostaglandins) that cause the pain and swelling of arthritis inflammation. Cox-2 inhibitors are a new class of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS). Because they selectively block the Cox-2 enzyme and not the Cox-1 enzyme, these drugs are uniquely different from traditional NSAIDS. This book explores new research in this field.

Primes of the Form x2 + ny2

Author : David A. Cox
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118031008
Total Pages : 372 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (18 download)

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Book Synopsis Primes of the Form x2 + ny2 by : David A. Cox

Download or read book Primes of the Form x2 + ny2 written by David A. Cox and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-10-24 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern number theory began with the work of Euler and Gauss to understand and extend the many unsolved questions left behind by Fermat. In the course of their investigations, they uncovered new phenomena in need of explanation, which over time led to the discovery of field theory and its intimate connection with complex multiplication. While most texts concentrate on only the elementary or advanced aspects of this story, Primes of the Form x2 + ny2 begins with Fermat and explains how his work ultimately gave birth to quadratic reciprocity and the genus theory of quadratic forms. Further, the book shows how the results of Euler and Gauss can be fully understood only in the context of class field theory. Finally, in order to bring class field theory down to earth, the book explores some of the magnificent formulas of complex multiplication. The central theme of the book is the story of which primes p can be expressed in the form x2 + ny2. An incomplete answer is given using quadratic forms. A better though abstract answer comes from class field theory, and finally, a concrete answer is provided by complex multiplication. Along the way, the reader is introduced to some wonderful number theory. Numerous exercises and examples are included. The book is written to be enjoyed by readers with modest mathematical backgrounds. Chapter 1 uses basic number theory and abstract algebra, while chapters 2 and 3 require Galois theory and complex analysis, respectively.

Cox-2

Author : Joseph R. Bertino
Publisher : Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers
ISBN 13 : 380557536X
Total Pages : 300 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (55 download)

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Book Synopsis Cox-2 by : Joseph R. Bertino

Download or read book Cox-2 written by Joseph R. Bertino and published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2003-01-01 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Numerous investigators have found increased levels of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in both premalignant and malignant tissues. Moreover, animals engineered to be COX-2 deficient or treated with a selective COX-2 inhibitor showed reduced tumor formation and growth. The present book reviews these findings suggesting that COX-2 is a valid molecular target for the prevention and treatment of cancer. The first chapters are devoted to the epidemiology of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and cancer, the pharmacology of COX-2 inhibitors and the regulation of COX-2 expression in human cancers. Besides, the book contains a series of chapters examining the link between COX-2 and cancer in specific organs (e.g. skin, breast, cervix, digestive tract, lung, etc.). Furthermore, several clinical trials assessing the potential of COX-2 inhibitors for preventing and treating cancer are described. The final chapter provides an up-to-date consideration of COX-independent targets of NSAIDs and related compounds in cancer prevention and treatment. This state-of-the-art publication is recommended reading not only for medical and radiation oncologists, but also for pharmacologists, gastroenterologists and other subspecialists.

Advances in Modelling and Clinical Application of Intravenous Anaesthesia

Author : J. Vuyk
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9780306477058
Total Pages : 302 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (77 download)

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Book Synopsis Advances in Modelling and Clinical Application of Intravenous Anaesthesia by : J. Vuyk

Download or read book Advances in Modelling and Clinical Application of Intravenous Anaesthesia written by J. Vuyk and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2003-02-28 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since its launch in 1998 the European Society for Intravenous Anaesthesia (EuroSIVA) has come a long way in providing educational material and supporting the research and clinical application of intravenous anaesthesia. After the first two annual meetings held in Barcelona and Amsterdam in 1998 and 1999, three other successful meetings took place in Vienna, Gothenburg and Nice in 2000, 2001 and 2002. Next to these main meetings, starting in the year 2000, a smaller winter meeting has been organised every last week of January in Crans Montana, Switzerland. Both the main summer and the winter meetings breathe the same atmosphere of sharing the latest on intravenous anaesthesia research in the presence of a friendly environment and good company. Since the first meetings the educational tools of EuroSIVA have increased in quantity and technical quality allowing digital slide and video presentation along with the use of the computer simulation program TIVAtrainer during the speaker sessions and the workshops. Furthermore, EuroSIVA now exploits a website www. eurosiva. org that allows for continuous exchange of information on intravenous anaesthesia, the TIVAtrainer, the EuroSIVA meetings and online registration for these meetings. The EuroSIVA is currently engaged in friendly contacts with the Asian Oceanic Society for Intravenous Anaesthesia (AOSIVA), the United Kingdom Society for Intravenous Anaesthesia (UKSIVA), the Korean Society for Intravenous Anaesthesia (KSIVA), the European Society of Anaesthesiology (ESA) and the International Society for Applied Pharmacology (ISAP).

Advances in Cell and Molecular Diagnostics

Author : Pongali Raghavendra
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128136804
Total Pages : 298 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)

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Book Synopsis Advances in Cell and Molecular Diagnostics by : Pongali Raghavendra

Download or read book Advances in Cell and Molecular Diagnostics written by Pongali Raghavendra and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-01-10 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Cell and Molecular Diagnostics brings the scientific advances in the translation and validation of cellular and molecular discoveries in medicine into the clinical diagnostic setting. It enumerates the description and application of technological advances in the field of cellular and molecular diagnostic medicine, providing an overview of specialized fields, such as biomarker, genetic marker, screening, DNA-profiling, NGS, cytogenetics, transcriptome, cancer biomarkers, prostate specific antigen, and biomarker toxicologies. In addition, it presents novel discoveries and clinical pathologic correlations, including studies in oncology, infectious diseases, inherited diseases, predisposition to disease, and the description or polymorphisms linked to disease states. This book is a valuable resource for oncologists, practitioners and several members of the biomedical field who are interested in understanding how to apply cutting-edge technologies into diagnostics and healthcare. Encompasses the current scientific advances in the translation and validation of cellular and molecular discoveries into the clinical diagnostic setting Explains the application of cellular and molecular diagnostics methodologies in clinical trials Focuses on translating preclinical tests to the bedside in order to help readers apply the most recent technologies to healthcare

Inflammation in the Pathogenesis of Chronic Diseases

Author : Randall E. Harris
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9789048174294
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (742 download)

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Book Synopsis Inflammation in the Pathogenesis of Chronic Diseases by : Randall E. Harris

Download or read book Inflammation in the Pathogenesis of Chronic Diseases written by Randall E. Harris and published by Springer. This book was released on 2010-11-22 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, a worldwide panel of leading experts discuss the role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of major chronic diseases and the current controversy regarding risk versus benefit of selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors. The authors provide exciting and enlightening perspectives on COX-2 and related molecular targets in the future of medicine, including historical perspectives.

Hepatotoxicity

Author : Hyman J. Zimmerman
Publisher : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
ISBN 13 : 9780781719520
Total Pages : 848 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (195 download)

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Book Synopsis Hepatotoxicity by : Hyman J. Zimmerman

Download or read book Hepatotoxicity written by Hyman J. Zimmerman and published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. This book was released on 1999 with total page 848 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by the foremost authority in the field, this volume is a comprehensive review of the multifaceted phenomenon of hepatotoxicity. Dr. Zimmerman examines the interface between chemicals and the liver; the latest research in experimental hepatotoxicology; the hepatotoxic risks of household, industrial, and environmental chemicals; and the adverse effects of drugs on the liver. This thoroughly revised, updated Second Edition features a greatly expanded section on the wide variety of drugs that can cause liver injury. For quick reference, an appendix lists these medications and their associated hepatic injuries. Also included are in-depth discussions of drug metabolism and factors affecting susceptibility to liver injury.

Comparative Pathophysiology and Toxicology of Cyclooxygenases

Author : Zaher A. Radi
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118351908
Total Pages : 438 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (183 download)

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Book Synopsis Comparative Pathophysiology and Toxicology of Cyclooxygenases by : Zaher A. Radi

Download or read book Comparative Pathophysiology and Toxicology of Cyclooxygenases written by Zaher A. Radi and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-08-15 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first thorough review of cyclooxygenase inhibitors, including their toxicity mechanisms and toxicopathological risks Cyclooxygenases (COXs) are enzymes responsible for the formation of an important class of biological mediators called prostanoids. Prostanoids such as prostaglandins mediate inflammatory and anaphylactic reactions. For those suffering from inflammation and pain, the pharmacological inhibition of COXs, with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen, can provide relief. Yet the use of NSAIDs can trigger toxicological effects as well, leading to potential health risks. Comparative Pathophysiology and Toxicology of Cyclooxygenases provides a comprehensive overview of how COX inhibitors affect various bodily systems, specifically the toxicity mechanisms triggered when the COX enzyme is inhibited. The book provides an introduction to the discovery of cyclooxygenases, their use as therapeutic agents, as well as an historical perspective. Shedding light on the differences in expression, pathophysiology, and toxicology of COX inhibitors across species, the book offers a systematic examination of the effects and pathophysiology of COX inhibitors and their mechanisms of toxicity, beginning with the GI tract. Subsequent chapters cover: The pathophysiology of COX inhibition on bone, tendon, and ligament healing COX inhibitors and renal system pathophysiology and mechanisms of toxicity The pathophysiologic role of COX inhibition in the ocular system COX inhibition and the respiratory and cardiovascular systems The book also sheds light on the latest research devoted to developing COX inhibitors with no adverse side-effects. The first book to offer a thorough comparative look at the toxicological effects of COX inhibitors throughout the body, this invaluable resource will help advance the research and development of safer and more effective COX drugs.

Trends in COX-2 Inhibitor Research

Author : Maynard J. Howardell
Publisher : Nova Publishers
ISBN 13 : 9781600212222
Total Pages : 184 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (122 download)

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Book Synopsis Trends in COX-2 Inhibitor Research by : Maynard J. Howardell

Download or read book Trends in COX-2 Inhibitor Research written by Maynard J. Howardell and published by Nova Publishers. This book was released on 2006 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cox-2 Inhibitors are newly developed drugs for inflammation that selectively block the Cox-2 enzyme. Blocking this enzyme impedes the production of the chemical messengers (prostaglandins) that cause the pain and swelling of arthritis inflammation. Cox-2 inhibitors are a new class of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS). Because they selectively block the Cox-2 enzyme and not the Cox-1 enzyme, these drugs are uniquely different from traditional NSAIDS. This book explores new research in the field.

Blood Enemy

Author : Greg Cox
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
ISBN 13 : 0743480724
Total Pages : 322 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (434 download)

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Book Synopsis Blood Enemy by : Greg Cox

Download or read book Blood Enemy written by Greg Cox and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2004-12 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on characters from Screen Gems's 2003 motion picture starring Kate Beckinsale, this all-original prequel reveals the origins of the rival clans of vampires and werewolves, and how their clandestine war has been fought in the shadows of the mortal world. Original.

Clinical Radiation Oncology

Author : Leonard L. Gunderson, MD, MS, FASTRO
Publisher : Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN 13 : 0323240984
Total Pages : 2253 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (232 download)

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Book Synopsis Clinical Radiation Oncology by : Leonard L. Gunderson, MD, MS, FASTRO

Download or read book Clinical Radiation Oncology written by Leonard L. Gunderson, MD, MS, FASTRO and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2015-08-26 with total page 2253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Perfect for radiation oncology physicians and residents needing a multidisciplinary, treatment-focused resource, this updated edition continues to provide the latest knowledge in this consistently growing field. Not only will you broaden your understanding of the basic biology of disease processes, you'll also access updated treatment algorithms, information on techniques, and state-of-the-art modalities. The consistent and concise format provides just the right amount of information, making Clinical Radiation Oncology a welcome resource for use by the entire radiation oncology team. Content is templated and divided into three sections -- Scientific Foundations of Radiation Oncology, Techniques and Modalities, and Disease Sites - for quick access to information. Disease Sites chapters summarize the most important issues on the opening page and include a full-color format, liberal use of tables and figures, a closing section with a discussion of controversies and problems, and a treatment algorithm that reflects the treatment approach of the authors. Chapters have been edited for scientific accuracy, organization, format, and adequacy of outcome data (such as disease control, survival, and treatment tolerance). Allows you to examine the therapeutic management of specific disease sites based on single-modality and combined-modality approaches. Features an emphasis on providing workup and treatment algorithms for each major disease process, as well as the coverage of molecular biology and its relevance to individual diseases. Two new chapters provide an increased emphasis on stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) and stereotactic body irradiation (SBRT). New Associate Editor, Dr. Andrea Ng, offers her unique perspectives to the Lymphoma and Hematologic Malignancies section. Key Points are summarized at the beginning of each disease-site chapter, mirroring the template headings and highlighting essential information and outcomes. Treatment algorithms and techniques, together with discussions of controversies and problems, reflect the treatment approaches employed by the authors. Disease Site Overviews allow each section editor to give a unique perspective on important issues, while online updates to Disease Site chapters ensure your knowledge is current. Disease Site chapters feature updated information on disease management and outcomes. Four videos accessible on Expert Consult include Intraoperative Irradiation, Prostate Brachytherapy, Penile Brachytherapy, and Ocular Melanoma. Thirty all-new anatomy drawings increase your visual understanding. Expert Consult eBook version included with purchase. This enhanced eBook experience allows you to search all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices.