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Counterterrorism In African Failed States Challenges And Potential Solutions
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Book Synopsis Counterterrorism in African Failed States by : Thomas A. Dempsey
Download or read book Counterterrorism in African Failed States written by Thomas A. Dempsey and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Terrorist groups operating in Sub-Saharan Africa failed states have demonstrated the ability to avoid the scrutiny of Western counterterrorism officials, while supporting and facilitating terrorist attacks on the United States and its partners. The potential acquisition of nuclear weapons by terrorists makes terrorist groups operating from failed states especially dangerous. U.S. counterterrorism strategies largely have been unsuccessful in addressing this threat. A new strategy is called for, one that combines both military and law enforcement efforts in a fully integrated counterterrorism effort, supported by a synthesis of foreign intelligence capabilities with intelligence-led policing to identify, locate, and take into custody terrorists operating from failed states before they are able to launch potentially catastrophic attacks.
Book Synopsis Counterterrorism in African Failed States: Challenges and Potential Solutions by :
Download or read book Counterterrorism in African Failed States: Challenges and Potential Solutions written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2006 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Failed states offer attractive venues for terrorist groups seeking to evade counterterrorism efforts of the United States and its partners in the Global War on Terror (GWOT). State failure entails, among its other features, the disintegration and criminalization of public security forces, the collapse of the state administrative structure responsible for overseeing those forces, and the erosion of infrastructure that supports their effective operation. These circumstances make identification of terrorist groups operating within failed states very difficult, and action against such groups, once identified, problematic. Terrorist groups that are the focus of the current GWOT display the characteristics of a network organization with two very different types of cells: terrorist nodes and terrorist hubs. Terrorist nodes are small, closely knit local cells that actually commit terrorist acts in the areas in which they are active. Terrorist hubs provide ideological guidance, financial support, and access to resources enabling node attacks. An examination of three failed states in Sub-Saharan Africa - Liberia, Sierra Leone, and Somalia - reveals the presence of both types of cells and furnishes a context for assessing the threat they pose to the national interests of the United States and its partners.
Book Synopsis Counterterrorism in African Failed States: Challenges and Potential Solutions by : Thomas Dempsey
Download or read book Counterterrorism in African Failed States: Challenges and Potential Solutions written by Thomas Dempsey and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2014-06-25 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Failed states-states in which government authority has collapsed, violence has become endemic, and functional governance has ceased-have emerged in the period since the end of the Cold War as one of the most difficult challenges confronting the international community, especially in the region of Sub-Saharan Africa. Transnational terrorist groups use the chaos of failed states to shield themselves from effective counterterrorism efforts by the international community. The potential nexus of failed state-based terrorism and terrorists' access to Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD), especially nuclear WMD, escalates the risk that such groups pose to the United States and to its allies in the Global War on Terror. In this monograph, the author finds that current counterterrorism strategies have yielded limited results in addressing the threat posed by terrorist groups operating in and from failed states. He argues that the uniquely challenging conditions in such states require a new approach to counterterrorism.
Book Synopsis Counterterrorism in African Failed States by : Thomas A. Dempsey
Download or read book Counterterrorism in African Failed States written by Thomas A. Dempsey and published by . This book was released on 2006-04-28 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Failed states offer attractive venues for terrorist groups seeking to evade counterterrorism efforts of the United States and its partners in the Global War on Terror (GWOT). State failure entails, among its other features, the disintegration and criminalization of public security forces, the collapse of the state administrative structure responsible for overseeing those forces, and the erosion of infrastructure that supports their effective operation. These circumstances make identification of terrorist groups operating within failed states very difficult, and action against such groups, once identified, problematic. Terrorist groups that are the focus of the current GWOT display the characteristics of a network organization with two very different types of cells: terrorist nodes and terrorist hubs.1 Terrorist nodes are small, closely knit local cells that actually commit terrorist acts in the areas in which they are active. Terrorist hubs provide ideological guidance, financial support, and access to resources enabling node attacks. An examination of three failed states in Sub-Saharan Africa- Liberia, Sierra Leone, and Somalia-reveals the presence of both types of cells and furnishes a context for assessing the threat they pose to the national interests of the United States and its partners. Al Qaeda established terrorist hubs in Liberia and Sierra Leone to exploit the illegal diamond trade, laundering money, and building connections with organized crime and the illegal arms trade. In Somalia, Al Qaeda and Al Ittihad Al Islami established terrorist hubs that supported terrorist operations throughout East Africa. A new organization led by Aden Hashi 'Ayro recruited terrorist nodes that executed a series of attacks on Western nongovernment organization (NGO) employees and journalists within Somalia. Analysis of these groups suggests that while the terrorist nodes in failed states pose little threat to the interests of the United States or its GWOT partners, terrorist hubs operating in the same states may be highly dangerous. The hubs observed in these three failed states were able to operate without attracting the attention or effective sanction of the United States or its allies. They funneled substantial financial resources, as well as sophisticated weaponry, to terrorist vi nodes operating outside the failed states in which the hubs were located. The threat posed by these hubs to U.S. national interests and to the interests of its partners is significant, and is made much more immediate by the growing risk that nuclear Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD) will fall into terrorist hands. The burgeoning proliferation of nuclear weapons and the poor security of some existing nuclear stockpiles make it more likely that terrorist groups like Al Qaeda will gain access to nuclear weapons. The accelerating Iranian covert nuclear weapons program, estimated to produce a nuclear capability within as little as one year, is especially disturbing in this context.2 A failed state terrorist hub that secures access to a nuclear weapon could very conceivably place that weapon in the hands of a terrorist node in a position to threaten vital American national interests.
Book Synopsis COUNTERTERRORISM IN AFRICAN FAILED STATES: CHALLENGES AND POTENTIAL SOLUTIONS. by : Thomas Dempsey
Download or read book COUNTERTERRORISM IN AFRICAN FAILED STATES: CHALLENGES AND POTENTIAL SOLUTIONS. written by Thomas Dempsey and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Insurgency, Terrorism, and Counterterrorism in Africa by : George Klay Kieh Jr.
Download or read book Insurgency, Terrorism, and Counterterrorism in Africa written by George Klay Kieh Jr. and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2023-02-06 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Insurgency, Terrorism, and Counterterrorism in Africa, edited by George Klay Kieh, Jr. and Kelechi A. Kalu, addresses the need for a systematic understanding and examination of insurgent movements and terrorist organizations, as well as state policies that instigate intrastate conflicts in African states. It examines and documents the tactics that are used by anti-government forces, states’ counterterrorism responses, and the human security impacts of insecurity on citizens across various communities in Africa. The contributors’ extensive research methods include case studies that explore activities of terrorist organizations like Al Shabaab, Al Qaeda, Boko Haram, and the Islamic State. It presents new and productive insights about counterterrorism strategies deployed by selected African states, the African Union, and the U.S. A historically rich and politically focused analysis of states as co-conspirators in terrorism-induced insecurity in Africa, this book challenges existing literature on terrorism that largely focuses on the actions of non-state entities. It provides practical insights to policymakers that desire to end insecurity and promote inclusive governance in Africa.
Book Synopsis Counterterrorism in African Failed States by : Thomas A. Dempsey
Download or read book Counterterrorism in African Failed States written by Thomas A. Dempsey and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Terrorist groups operating in Sub-Saharan Africa failed states have demonstrated the ability to avoid the scrutiny of Western counterterrorism officials, while supporting and facilitating terrorist attacks on the United States and its partners. The potential acquisition of nuclear weapons by terrorists makes terrorist groups operating from failed states especially dangerous. U.S. counterterrorism strategies largely have been unsuccessful in addressing this threat. A new strategy is called for, one that combines both military and law enforcement efforts in a fully integrated counterterrorism effort, supported by a synthesis of foreign intelligence capabilities with intelligence-led policing to identify, locate, and take into custody terrorists operating from failed states before they are able to launch potentially catastrophic attacks.
Book Synopsis U. S. Counterterrorism in Sub-Saharan Africa by : Donovan C. Chau
Download or read book U. S. Counterterrorism in Sub-Saharan Africa written by Donovan C. Chau and published by . This book was released on 2008-09-30 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What is the most effective long-term approach to U.S. counterterrorism in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA)? The purpose of this paper is to lay the framework for answering this central question. The current struggle of the United States and its allies against terrorist groups and individuals motivated by Islamic extremism consumes U.S. military, intelligence, and law enforcement agencies. Never a centerpiece of U.S. foreign and defense policy, SSA is now a front in the conflict to counter global Islamic extremism. As in the past, however, SSA remains largely misunderstood and misperceived in the United States. Yet, the U.S. Government (USG) is now embarked on reform of U.S. policy toward the African continent with uncertain consequences. Following an introduction (Section I), this Letort Paper next analyzes the policy debate in Washington, DC. The focus is on two fundamentally divergent theoretical approaches to U.S.counter-terrorism policy in SSA-development and defense. The former prescribes civilian countermeasures; the latter, military. Examples of the development approach to counterterrorism in SSA range from humanitarian aid to financial and legal assistance to law enforcement training; the approach does not involve the use of the military. In contrast, the defense approach involves any and all uses of the military; this includes the use of the military for nonmilitary purposes such as humanitarian assistance and intervention. Section II, "The Debate in Washington," considers the benefits and costs of the defense approach; the benefits and costs of the development approach; and the metrics for success and failure. What becomes clear is that both metrics-oriented U.S. counterterrorism approaches do not account fully for the patterns and complexities throughout SSA. Furthermore, the extent to which U.S. policy has countered terrorism in the region remains unclear. Only through recognition and understanding of the diverse perspectives across SSA may sound counterterrorism policy be formulated. From the debate in Washington, therefore, the paper moves across the Atlantic Ocean to discuss the attitudes and views of terrorism and counterterrorism in SSA. Due to geographic size and scope, SSA is divided into East, West, and Southern Africa sub-regions so as to highlight the different geographies, histories, threats, and perceptions. Section III, "The Perspectives from SSA," examines African views of terrorism and counterterrorism; the current state of civil military and civil-law enforcement relations; and, ultimately, what counterterrorism is in SSA, and what counterterrorism means to Africans themselves. Discussion of perspectives from the three sub-regions suggests the paramount importance of understanding local identities and cultures, as well as the variegated influence of history on views of terrorism and counterterrorism. Based on the research and findings, the paper concludes with Section IV which provides a summary and recommendations for a new grand strategic approach to U.S. counterterrorism in the region, which should focus on attaining three standards: 1. Seizing and holding the moral high ground. Seizing the moral high ground does not mean conducting actions better than the enemy. Rather, it means understanding what is moral in SSA and striving to achieve that level of morality in all policy considerations and actions. 2. Winning the struggle for perceived legitimacy. Much like morality, legitimacy varies from one group or individual to another. What is crucial here for U.S. counterterrorism policy is to understand perceptions from sub-region to sub-region, country to country, and small folk community to small folk community. 3. Pursuing restrained counterterrorism responses. After a terrorist attack, how the USG and the Department of Defense (DoD), in particular, respond is critical. The main point of restrained counterterrorism responses is the need for unity of effort.
Book Synopsis U.S. Counter Terrorism Efforts in Africa by : George H. Rasmussen
Download or read book U.S. Counter Terrorism Efforts in Africa written by George H. Rasmussen and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2009-01-01 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, the author finds that current counter-terrorism strategies have yielded limited results in addressing the threat posed by terrorist groups operating in and from failed states. They argue that the uniquely challenging conditions in such states require a new approach to counter-terrorism. By integrating the law enforcement and military instruments of power, U.S. strategists can craft an approach to counter-terrorism that leverages the core competencies of both the military and law enforcement communities. The authors conclude that the synergies available from an integrated approach promise to be more effective in locating, apprehending, and bringing to justice terrorists and suspected terrorists in failed states than either the military or law enforcement communities operating independently.
Book Synopsis Africa: Terrorism and Para-Military Groups Handbook Volume 1 Strategic Information and Terrorist Groups by : IBP USA
Download or read book Africa: Terrorism and Para-Military Groups Handbook Volume 1 Strategic Information and Terrorist Groups written by IBP USA and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2007-02-07 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 2011 Updated Reprint. Updated Annually. Africa Para-Military Groups Handbook
Book Synopsis Routledge Handbook of Counterterrorism and Counterinsurgency in Africa by : Usman A. Tar
Download or read book Routledge Handbook of Counterterrorism and Counterinsurgency in Africa written by Usman A. Tar and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-01-28 with total page 758 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book illustrates how Africa’s defence and security domains have been radically altered by drastic changes in world politics and local ramifications. First, the contributions of numerous authors highlight the transnational dimensions of counterterrorism and counterinsurgency in Africa and reveal the roles played by African states and regional organisations in the global war on terror. Second, the volume critically evaluates the emerging regional architectures of countering terrorism, insurgency, and organised violence on the continent through the African Union Counterterrorism Framework (AU-CTF) and Regional Security Complexes (RSC). Third, the book sheds light on the counterterrorism and counterinsurgency (CT-COIN) structures and mechanisms established by specific African states to contain, degrade, and eliminate terrorism, insurgency, and organised violence on the continent, particularly the successes, constraints, and challenges of the emerging CT-COIN mechanisms. Finally, the volume highlights the entry of non-state actors – such as civil society, volunteer groups, private security companies, and defence contractors – into the theatre of counterterrorism and counterinsurgency in Africa through volunteerism, community support for state-led CT-COIN Operations, and civil-military cooperation (CIMIC). This book will be of use to students and scholars of security studies, African studies, international relations, and terrorism studies, and to practitioners of development, defence, security, and strategy.
Book Synopsis New Architecture of Regional Security in Africa by : Usman A. Tar
Download or read book New Architecture of Regional Security in Africa written by Usman A. Tar and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2019-11-11 with total page 521 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book critically explores the emerging architecture of regional security in Africa with particular reference to counterterrorism and counterinsurgency in the Lake Chad Basin Region. In New Architecture of Regional Security in Africa, the contributors--scholars, policy-makers, and defense/security practitioners from both within and outside Africa--examine the evolution, dynamics, and working mechanisms for peace and security or emerging regional security architecture for regional security in the region. The volume will be essential reading for all academics, scholars, and researchers in academia and NGOs with interests in counterinsurgency and counterterrorism related issues in the Lake Chad Basin region. Additionally, the volume will also be useful for students of counterinsurgency, counterterrorism, small wars, terrorism and strategic studies, and defense and security studies. It will also provide invaluable reference material for policy practitioners working on the activities in the contemporary operating environment within the Lake Chad Basin region. This book offers innovative perspectives on the emerging architecture for regional security in Africa, with a focus on how member states of the Lake Chad Basin Commission are coping with the challenges of terrorism and insurgency. Edited by Usman A. Tar and Bashir Bala, the volume is the first to critically document regional security in the Lake Chad Basin.
Book Synopsis Unmasking the African Ghost by : Cyril Orji
Download or read book Unmasking the African Ghost written by Cyril Orji and published by Fortress Press. This book was released on 2022-04-26 with total page 279 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The story of Africa is a ghost story with two plots. One is foreign or imported and the other indigenous or local. The foreign plot has its origin in colonial history. The indigenous plot is African in origin. But both plots end in the same place: African trauma and culture complex. These narratives create in modern Africa a splintered consciousness and the political and economic conditions that lead to physical and psychological violence. Unmasking the African Ghost is both a theological exploration of the reasons the political and economic systems in African countries have failed and a proposal for the paths toward recovery, anchored in the belief that Africa is a continent continuously trying to redefine its identity in the face of Eurocentrism. For the church in Africa to be a church at the service of its people, theology in Africa must take misery and oppression as the context for its reflections and its reconstruction of the social order. An African solution to African problems must be able to meet the needs of the time. It must look to the African past to draw from its riches--particularly the African sociopolitical ethic of ubuntu. It must also look ahead and draw from the best available sociopolitical system of modern states: liberal democracy. A hybrid of these two yields ubuntucracy. Ubuntucracy removes the ghosts of both Africa and its Western colonizers and begins a new story that can help Africa survive its double bind.
Book Synopsis Terrorist Threats in North Africa from a NATO Perspective by : J. Tomolya
Download or read book Terrorist Threats in North Africa from a NATO Perspective written by J. Tomolya and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2015-11-06 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: According to the editors of this book, North Africa has become a hotbed of terrorist activity in recent years, as demonstrated by several events in the region. Representing, as it does, a potential threat to NATO's southern flank, this area can no longer be ignored, they say. This book presents the proceedings of the NATO Centre of Excellence, Defence Against Terrorism (COE-DAT) Advanced Research Workshop entitled 'The Terrorist Threat in North Africa from a NATO Perspective', held in Ankara, Turkey, in the November 2013. Subjects covered include the changing nature of North African terrorism; the rise of Al Qaeda in North Africa; financing terrorism in North Africa; the legal framework of military operations against terrorism in North Africa and the relationship between international terrorism and terrorism in North Africa, among others. Also included in the book is the keynote address given by Prof. Yonah Alexander of the Inter-University Center for Terrorism Studies and entitled 'Terrorism in North Africa and the Sahel: Threats and Responses' The book provides insights to further the understanding of terrorism in North Africa, and will be of interest to all those involved in the development of counterterrorism policies to combat this threat.
Book Synopsis Great Powers and US Foreign Policy towards Africa by : Stephen M. Magu
Download or read book Great Powers and US Foreign Policy towards Africa written by Stephen M. Magu and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-08-14 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses one main question: whether the United States has a cohesive foreign policy for Africa. In assessing the history of the United States and its interactions with the continent, particularly with the Horn of Africa, the author casts doubt on whether successive US administrations had a cohesive foreign policy for Africa. The volume examines the historical interactions between the US and the continent, evaluates the US involvement in Africa through foreign policy lenses, and compares foreign policy preferences and strategies of other European, EU and BRIC countries towards Africa.
Book Synopsis Radical Islam in East Africa by : Angel Rabasa
Download or read book Radical Islam in East Africa written by Angel Rabasa and published by Rand Corporation. This book was released on 2009-01-13 with total page 111 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: American geopolitical interests and the potential threats to those interests are both on the rise in East Africa. The author places the spread of militant Islamism and the development of radical Islamist networks in East Africa in the broader context of the social, economic, and political factors that have shaped the region's security environment.
Book Synopsis Failed States and Institutional Decay by : Natasha M. Ezrow
Download or read book Failed States and Institutional Decay written by Natasha M. Ezrow and published by A&C Black. This book was released on 2013-07-18 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What do we mean by failed states and why is this concept important to study? The failed states literature is important because it aims to understand how state institutions (or lack thereof) impact conflict, crime, coups, terrorism and economic performance. In spite of this objective, the failed state literature has not focused enough on how institutions operate in the developing world. This book unpacks the state, by examining the administrative, security, judicial and political institutions separately. By doing so, the book offers a more comprehensive and clear picture of how the state functions or does not function in the developing world, merging the failed state and institutionalist literatures. Rather than merely describing states in crisis, this book explains how and why different types of institutions deteriorate. Moreover, the book illustrates the impact that institutional decay has on political instability and poverty using examples not only from Africa but from all around the world.
