Cortical Oscillations And Synaptic Plasticity

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Cortical Oscillations and Synaptic Plasticity

Author : Xiumin Li
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 242 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (754 download)

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Book Synopsis Cortical Oscillations and Synaptic Plasticity by : Xiumin Li

Download or read book Cortical Oscillations and Synaptic Plasticity written by Xiumin Li and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Finally, in order to understand how synchronous activity emerges from self-organized neural networks, we propose a novel network refined from spike-timing dependent plasticity (STDP). Due to the existence of heterogeneity in neurons which exhibit different degrees of excitability, the network finally evolves into a sparse and active-neuron-dominant structure. That is, strong connections are mainly distributed to the synapses from active neuronsto inactive ones. We argue that this self-emergent topology essentially reflects the competition of different neurons and encodes the heterogeneity. This structure is shown to significantly promote synchronization and enhance the coherence resonance and stochastic resonance of the entire network, indicating its high efficiency in information processing. Based on this work, we further develop another network organized from two stages of learning process, including STDP and another burst-based plasticity, i.e., burst-timing dependent plasticity (BTDP). The likely relationship between the learning rules with different timescales and the formation of architecture with different special scales is explored. The final network exhibits a two-level hierarchical structure after the synaptic refinement. This self-organized network shows higher sensitivity to afferent current injection compared with alternative archetypal networks with different neural connectivity. Statistical analysis also demonstrates that it has the small-world properties of small shortest path length and high clustering coefficient. Thus the selectively refined connectivity enhances the ability of neuronal communications and improves the efficiency of signal transmission in the neural network.

Cortical Oscillations in Health and Disease

Author : Roger D. Traub
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 0195342798
Total Pages : 464 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (953 download)

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Book Synopsis Cortical Oscillations in Health and Disease by : Roger D. Traub

Download or read book Cortical Oscillations in Health and Disease written by Roger D. Traub and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book first reviews the case that brain oscillations not only are important for cognition, as long suspected, but also play a part in the expression of signs and symptoms of neuropsychiatric disorders. The cellular mechanisms of many of the clinically relevant oscillations have been studied by the authors and their colleagues, using in vitro slice methods as well as detailed computer simulations. A surprising insight is that gap junctions between principal neurons play an absolutely critical role in so many types of oscillation in neuronal populations; oscillations are not just the result of properties of individual neurons and their synaptic connections. Furthermore, the way in which gap junctions produce oscillations in the cortex is novel, involving as it does global properties of networks, rather than just the time constants of membrane currents. This insight has implications for therapeutics as well as for our understanding of normal brain functions.

Brain Oscillations, Synchrony and Plasticity

Author : Jos J. Eggermont
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128204087
Total Pages : 270 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (282 download)

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Book Synopsis Brain Oscillations, Synchrony and Plasticity by : Jos J. Eggermont

Download or read book Brain Oscillations, Synchrony and Plasticity written by Jos J. Eggermont and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2021-01-11 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brain Oscillations, Synchrony and Plasticity: Basic Principles and Application to Auditory-Related Disorders discusses the role of brain oscillations, especially with respect to the auditory system and how those oscillations are measured, change over the lifespan, and falter leading to a variety of psychiatric and neurological disorders. The book begins with a description of these cortical rhythm oscillations and how they function in both the normal and pathological brain. It explains how these oscillations are important to auditory, executive and attention brain networks and how they relate to the development, production and deterioration of speech and language. In addition, treatment of malfunctioning cortical rhythms are reviewed using neuromodulation, such as transcranial magnetic, direct current, random noise, and alternating current stimulation, as well as focused ultrasound. The book concludes by describing the potential role of oscillations in dyslexia, autism, schizophrenia and Alzheimer’s disease. Introduces readers to brain imaging methods such as structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging, EEG and magnetoencephalography, in the study of brain oscillations, synchrony and networks of the normal and pathological brain Highlights the role of brain oscillations in perception and cognition, in particular with respect to the auditory system, speech and language Describes lifespan changes, from preterm to senescence, of brain oscillations, brain networks and how they relate to the development and deterioration of speech and language Explains the effects of hearing loss on neural network change in the auditory and non-auditory networks such as the default mode-, the salience-, the executive- and attention networks Illustrates the breakdown of network connections in auditory-related disorders such as tinnitus and in psychiatric disorders with a strong auditory, speech and language component

Theory of Cortical Plasticity

Author : Leon N. Cooper
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9789812387912
Total Pages : 336 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (879 download)

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Book Synopsis Theory of Cortical Plasticity by : Leon N. Cooper

Download or read book Theory of Cortical Plasticity written by Leon N. Cooper and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2004 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This invaluable book presents a theory of cortical plasticity and shows how this theory leads to experiments that test both its assumptions and consequences. It elucidates, in a manner that is accessible to students as well as researchers, the role which the BCM theory has played in guiding research and suggesting experiments that have led to our present understanding of the mechanisms underlying cortical plasticity. Most of the connections between theory and experiment that are discussed require complex simulations. A unique feature of the book is the accompanying software package, Plasticity. This is provided complete with source code, and enables the reader to repeat any of the simulations quoted in the book as well as to vary either parameters or assumptions. Plasticity is thus a research and an educational tool. Readers can use it to obtain hands-on knowledge of the structure of BCM and various other learning algorithms. They can check and replicate our results as well as test algorithms andrefinements of their own.

Cortical Plasticity

Author : Sam Fazeli
Publisher : Garland Science
ISBN 13 : 1000140989
Total Pages : 304 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis Cortical Plasticity by : Sam Fazeli

Download or read book Cortical Plasticity written by Sam Fazeli and published by Garland Science. This book was released on 2020-08-18 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an insight into the rapidly growing field of cortical plasticity. It brings together diverse experimental approaches to the study of activity-dependent changes in neuronal connections, as exemplified by long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD).

Slow Brain Oscillations of Sleep, Resting State and Vigilance

Author :
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0444538380
Total Pages : 385 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (445 download)

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Book Synopsis Slow Brain Oscillations of Sleep, Resting State and Vigilance by :

Download or read book Slow Brain Oscillations of Sleep, Resting State and Vigilance written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-08-13 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume of Progress in Brain Research documents research presented at the 26th International Summer School of Brain Research (Amsterdam, Jun/Jul 2010) and looks at how the oscillations that characterize brain activity vary between task performance - the EEG power and performance modulations, rest - the MRI default mode and other networks, and sleep - the cortical slow oscillations. Studies over the past decade indicate that the study of these slow oscillations is essential for our understanding of plasticity, memory, brain structure from synapse to default mode network, cognition, consciousness and ultimately for our understanding of the mechanisms and functions of sleep and vigilance. Leading authors review the state-of-the-art in their field of investigation and provide their views and perspectives for future research Chapters are extensively referenced to provide readers with a comprehensive list of resources on the topics covered All chapters include comprehensive background information and are written in a clear form that is also accessible to the non-specialist

Synaptic Plasticity During Cortical Up-down State Oscillatory Activity

Author : Julian Bartram
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (16 download)

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Book Synopsis Synaptic Plasticity During Cortical Up-down State Oscillatory Activity by : Julian Bartram

Download or read book Synaptic Plasticity During Cortical Up-down State Oscillatory Activity written by Julian Bartram and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Jasper's Basic Mechanisms of the Epilepsies

Author : Jeffrey Noebels
Publisher : OUP USA
ISBN 13 : 0199746540
Total Pages : 1258 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (997 download)

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Book Synopsis Jasper's Basic Mechanisms of the Epilepsies by : Jeffrey Noebels

Download or read book Jasper's Basic Mechanisms of the Epilepsies written by Jeffrey Noebels and published by OUP USA. This book was released on 2012-06-29 with total page 1258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Jasper's Basic Mechanisms, Fourth Edition, is the newest most ambitious and now clinically relevant publishing project to build on the four-decade legacy of the Jasper's series. In keeping with the original goal of searching for "a better understanding of the epilepsies and rational methods of prevention and treatment.", the book represents an encyclopedic compendium neurobiological mechanisms of seizures, epileptogenesis, epilepsy genetics and comordid conditions. Of practical importance to the clinician, and new to this edition are disease mechanisms of genetic epilepsies and therapeutic approaches, ranging from novel antiepileptic drug targets to cell and gene therapies.

Multimodal Oscillation-based Connectivity Theory

Author : Satu Palva
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319322656
Total Pages : 152 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (193 download)

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Book Synopsis Multimodal Oscillation-based Connectivity Theory by : Satu Palva

Download or read book Multimodal Oscillation-based Connectivity Theory written by Satu Palva and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-06-06 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Systems-level neuronal mechanisms that coordinate the temporally, anatomically, and functionally distributed neuronal activity into coherent cognitive operations in the human brain have remained poorly understood. In humans, neuronal oscillations and synchronization can be recorded non-invasively with electro- and magnetoencephalography (EEG and MEG) that have excellent temporal resolution and an adequate spatial resolution when combined with source-reconstruction methods. In this book, leading authors in the field describe how recent methodological advances have paved the way to several major breakthroughs in the observations of large-scale synchrony from human non-invasive MEG data. This volume also presents the caveats influencing analyses of synchronization. These include the non-homogeneous sensitivity of MEG to superficial cortical sources, and, most importantly, the multitude of consequences of linear mixing. Linear mixing is an immense confounder in the sensor-level analyses of synchronization, but is also present at the source level. Approaches that can be used to avoid or compensate for these issues are then discussed. Thereafter, several authors take up a number of the functional roles that large-scale synchronization has in cognition. The authors assess how the spatio–temporal and –spectral organization and strength of both local and large-scale synchronized networks are associated with conscious sensory perception, visual working memory functions, and attention. These chapters summarize several lines of research showing how the strength of local and inter-areal oscillations in both cortical and subcortical brain structures is correlated with cognitive functions. Together these data suggest that synchronized neuronal oscillations may be a systems-level neuronal mechanism underlying the coordination of distributed processing in human cognition. In line with this argument, other authors go on to describe how oscillations and synchronization are altered in clinical populations, complementing the data presented on healthy subjects. Importantly, this book includes chapters from authors using many different approaches to the analyses of neuronal oscillations, ranging from local oscillatory activities to the usage of graph theoretical tools in the analyses of synchronization. In this way the present volume provides a comprehensive view on the analyses and functional significance of neuronal oscillations in humans. This book is aimed at doctoral and post-doctoral students as well as research scientists in the fields of cognitive neuroscience, psychology, medicine, and neurosciences.

Synaptic Plasticity-related Neural Oscillations on Hippocampus–prefrontal Cortex Pathway in Depression

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (15 download)

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Book Synopsis Synaptic Plasticity-related Neural Oscillations on Hippocampus–prefrontal Cortex Pathway in Depression by :

Download or read book Synaptic Plasticity-related Neural Oscillations on Hippocampus–prefrontal Cortex Pathway in Depression written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Brain Function and Oscillations

Author : Erol Başar
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642721923
Total Pages : 381 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (427 download)

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Book Synopsis Brain Function and Oscillations by : Erol Başar

Download or read book Brain Function and Oscillations written by Erol Başar and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: by W. J. Freeman These two volumes on "Brain Oscillations" appear at a most opportune time. As the "Decade of the Brain" draws to its close, brain science is coming to terms with its ultimate problem: understanding the mechanisms by which the immense number of neurons in the human brain interact to produce the higher cognitive functions. The ideas, concepts, methods, interpretations and examples, which are presented here in voluminous detail by a world-class authority in electrophysiology, summarize the intellectual equipment that will be required to construct satisfactory solutions to the problem. Neuroscience is ripe for change. The last revolution of ideas took place in the middle of the century now ending, when the field took a sharp turn into a novel direction. During the preceding five decades the prevailing view, carried forward from the 19th century, was that neurons are the carriers of nerve energy, either in chemical or electrical forms (Freeman, 1995). That point of view was enormously productive in terms of coming to understand the chemical basis for synaptic transmission, the electrochemistry of the ac tion potential, the ionic mechanisms of membrane currents and gates, the functional neuroanatomy that underlies the hierarchy of reflexes, and the neural fields and'their resonances that support Gestalt phenomena. No bet ter testimony can be given of the power of the applications of this approach than to point out that it provides the scientific basis for contemporary neu rology, neuropsychiatry, and brain imaging.

Neural Plasticity

Author : Peter R. Huttenlocher
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674038932
Total Pages : 285 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (74 download)

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Book Synopsis Neural Plasticity by : Peter R. Huttenlocher

Download or read book Neural Plasticity written by Peter R. Huttenlocher and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2009-07-01 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neural plasticity--the brain's ability to change in response to normal developmental processes, experience, and injury--is a critically important phenomenon for both neuroscience and psychology. Increasing evidence about the extent of plasticity--long past the supposedly critical first three years--has recently emerged. Neural Plasticity offers the first succinct and lucid integration of this research and its implications. Pointing out the negative and the positive consequences of plasticity, Peter Huttenlocher describes plasticity in children and adults (in normal aging and in response to trauma), in sensory systems, the motor cortex, higher cortical functions, and language development, proceeding system by system, and paying particular attention to the cerebral cortex. One of the book's strengths is its range of references, not only to studies on human subjects but to the experimental study of animal models as well. This book will be a unique contribution to research and to the literature on clinical neuroscience.

Neural Plasticity and Memory

Author : Federico Bermudez-Rattoni
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1420008412
Total Pages : 368 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Neural Plasticity and Memory by : Federico Bermudez-Rattoni

Download or read book Neural Plasticity and Memory written by Federico Bermudez-Rattoni and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2007-04-17 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive, multidisciplinary review, Neural Plasticity and Memory: From Genes to Brain Imaging provides an in-depth, up-to-date analysis of the study of the neurobiology of memory. Leading specialists share their scientific experience in the field, covering a wide range of topics where molecular, genetic, behavioral, and brain imaging techniq

Rhythms of the Brain

Author : G. Buzsáki
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199828237
Total Pages : 465 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (998 download)

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Book Synopsis Rhythms of the Brain by : G. Buzsáki

Download or read book Rhythms of the Brain written by G. Buzsáki and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2011 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Studies of mechanisms in the brain that allow complicated things to happen in a coordinated fashion have produced some of the most spectacular discoveries in neuroscience. This book provides eloquent support for the idea that spontaneous neuron activity, far from being mere noise, is actually the source of our cognitive abilities. It takes a fresh look at the coevolution of structure and function in the mammalian brain, illustrating how self-emerged oscillatory timing is the brain's fundamental organizer of neuronal information. The small-world-like connectivity of the cerebral cortex allows for global computation on multiple spatial and temporal scales. The perpetual interactions among the multiple network oscillators keep cortical systems in a highly sensitive "metastable" state and provide energy-efficient synchronizing mechanisms via weak links. In a sequence of "cycles," György Buzsáki guides the reader from the physics of oscillations through neuronal assembly organization to complex cognitive processing and memory storage. His clear, fluid writing-accessible to any reader with some scientific knowledge-is supplemented by extensive footnotes and references that make it just as gratifying and instructive a read for the specialist. The coherent view of a single author who has been at the forefront of research in this exciting field, this volume is essential reading for anyone interested in our rapidly evolving understanding of the brain.

Fast Oscillations in Cortical Circuits

Author : Roger D. Traub
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780262293488
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (934 download)

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Book Synopsis Fast Oscillations in Cortical Circuits by : Roger D. Traub

Download or read book Fast Oscillations in Cortical Circuits written by Roger D. Traub and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Translational Research in Traumatic Brain Injury

Author : Daniel Laskowitz
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1498766579
Total Pages : 388 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (987 download)

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Book Synopsis Translational Research in Traumatic Brain Injury by : Daniel Laskowitz

Download or read book Translational Research in Traumatic Brain Injury written by Daniel Laskowitz and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-21 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains a significant source of death and permanent disability, contributing to nearly one-third of all injury related deaths in the United States and exacting a profound personal and economic toll. Despite the increased resources that have recently been brought to bear to improve our understanding of TBI, the developme

Fast Oscillations in Cortical Circuits

Author : Roger D. Traub
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 9780262201186
Total Pages : 364 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Fast Oscillations in Cortical Circuits by : Roger D. Traub

Download or read book Fast Oscillations in Cortical Circuits written by Roger D. Traub and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1999 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Fast Oscillations in Cortical Circuits, the authors use a combination of electrophysiological and computer modeling techniques to analyze how large networks of neurons can produce both epileptic seizures and functionally relevant synchronized oscillations.