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Correlating Enhanced National Wetlands Inventory Data With Wetland Functions For Watershed Assessments
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Author :U. S. Fish U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Publisher :CreateSpace ISBN 13 :9781507771761 Total Pages :30 pages Book Rating :4.7/5 (717 download)
Book Synopsis Correlating Enhanced National Wetlands Inventory Data with Wetland Functions for Watershed Assessments by : U. S. Fish U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Download or read book Correlating Enhanced National Wetlands Inventory Data with Wetland Functions for Watershed Assessments written by U. S. Fish U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2015-02-14 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has been conducting the National Wetlands Inventory for over 25 years. The NWI Program has produced wetland maps for 91% (78% final) of the lower 48 states, all of Hawaii, and 35% of Alaska. Wetlands are classified according to the Service's official wetland classification system (Cowardin et al. 1979). This classification describes wetlands by ecological system (Marine, Estuarine, Lacustrine, Riverine, and Palustrine), by subsystem (e.g., water depth, exposure to tides), class (vegetative life form or substrate type), subclass, water regimes (hydrology), water chemistry (pH and salinity), and special modifiers (e.g., alterations by humans). The maps have been converted to digital data for 47% of the lower 48 states and 18% of Alaska. The availability of digital data and geographic information system (GIS) technology make it possible to use NWI data for various geospatial analyses.
Book Synopsis Correlating Enhanced National Wetlands Inventory Data with Wetland Functions for Watershed Assessments by : U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Download or read book Correlating Enhanced National Wetlands Inventory Data with Wetland Functions for Watershed Assessments written by U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2013-04-19 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the mid-1990s, a set of hgm-type descriptors were developed to describe a wetland's landscape position, landform, and water flow path (Tiner 1995, 1996a, b). Use of the initial set of keys for pilot watershed projects lead to a refinement and expansion of the keys in subsequent years (Tiner 1997a, 2000, 2002, 2003). These projects were watershed characterizations that included a preliminary assessment of wetland functions as a main component or the prime component of the study. The reports addressed the following watersheds: Casco Bay (Maine; Tiner et al. 1999), Nanticoke River (Maryland and Delaware; Tiner et al. 2000, 2001), Coastal Bays (Maryland; Tiner et al. 2000), and Cannonsville and Neversink Reservoirs (New York; Tiner et al. 2002), as well as the Pennsylvania Coastal Zone (Tiner and DeAlessio 2002)
Book Synopsis Wetland and Stream Rapid Assessments by : John Dorney
Download or read book Wetland and Stream Rapid Assessments written by John Dorney and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-08-07 with total page 582 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wetland and Stream Rapid Assessments: Development, Validation, and Application describes the scientific and environmental policy background for rapid wetland and stream assessments, how such assessment methods are developed and statistically verified, and how they can be used in environmental decision-making—including wetland and stream permitting. In addition, it provides several case studies of method development and use in various parts of the world. Readers will find guidance on developing and testing such methods, along with examples of how these methods have been used in various programs across North America. Rapid wetland and stream functional assessments are becoming frequently used methods in federal, state and local environmental permitting programs in North America. Many governments are interested in developing new methods or improving existing methods for their own jurisdictions. This book provides an ideal guide to these initiatives. Offers guidance for the use and evaluation of rapid assessments to developers and users of these methods, as well as students of wetland and stream quality Contains contributions from sources who are successful in academia, industry and government, bringing credibility and relevance to the content Includes a statistically-based approach to testing the validity of the rapid method, which is very important to the usefulness and defensibility of assessment methods
Book Synopsis Predicting Wetland Functions at the Landscape Level for Coastal Georgia Using Nwiplus Data by : U. S. Fish U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Download or read book Predicting Wetland Functions at the Landscape Level for Coastal Georgia Using Nwiplus Data written by U. S. Fish U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2015-02-14 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Georgia Department of Natural Resources (GA DNR) has recently updated National Wetlands Inventory (NWI) data for the state's six coastal counties. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Service) has recognized the potential application of NWI data for watershed assessments, but realized that other attributes would have to be added to the data to facilitate functional analysis. In the early 1990s, Dr. Mark Brinson conceived a hydrogeomorphic approach to wetland functional assessment that uses comparison of field-verified properties of existing wetlands to those from a set of reference wetlands as a means of assessing a wetland's proximity to or departure from reference condition (Brinson 1993a). This approach provided the impetus for the Service to develop other attributes to expand the NWI database and make it more useful as a tool for landscape-level functional assessment of wetlands.
Book Synopsis Predicting Wetland Functions at the Landscape Level for Coastal Georgia Using Nwiplus Data by : Ralph W. Tiner
Download or read book Predicting Wetland Functions at the Landscape Level for Coastal Georgia Using Nwiplus Data written by Ralph W. Tiner and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2013-07-31 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Georgia Department of Natural Resources (GA DNR) has recently updated National Wetlands Inventory (NWI) data for the state's six coastal counties. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Service) has recognized the potential application of NWI data for watershed assessments, but realized that other attributes would have to be added to the data to facilitate functional analysis.
Book Synopsis Remote Sensing of Wetlands by : Ralph W. Tiner
Download or read book Remote Sensing of Wetlands written by Ralph W. Tiner and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2015-03-23 with total page 574 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Effectively Manage Wetland Resources Using the Best Available Remote Sensing TechniquesUtilizing top scientists in the wetland classification and mapping field, Remote Sensing of Wetlands: Applications and Advances covers the rapidly changing landscape of wetlands and describes the latest advances in remote sensing that have taken place over the pa
Book Synopsis Wetland Techniques by : James T. Anderson
Download or read book Wetland Techniques written by James T. Anderson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-10-10 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wetlands serve many important functions and provide numerous ecological services such as clean water, wildlife habitat, nutrient reduction, and flood control. Wetland science is a relatively young discipline but is a rapidly growing field due to an enhanced understanding of the importance of wetlands and the numerous laws and policies that have been developed to protect these areas. This growth is demonstrated by the creation and growth of the Society of Wetland Scientists which was formed in 1980 and now has a membership of 3,500 people. It is also illustrated by the existence of 2 journals (Wetlands and Wetlands Ecology and Management) devoted entirely to wetlands. To date there has been no practical, comprehensive techniques book centered on wetlands, and written for wetland researchers, students, and managers. This techniques book aims to fill that gap. It is designed to provide an overview of the various methods that have been used or developed by researchers and practitioners to study, monitor, manage, or create wetlands. Including many methods usually found only in the peer-reviewed or gray literature, this 3-volume set fills a major niche for all professionals dealing with wetlands.
Book Synopsis Wetland Indicators by : Ralph W. Tiner
Download or read book Wetland Indicators written by Ralph W. Tiner and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-12-19 with total page 631 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understand the current concept of wetland and methods for identifying, describing, classifying, and delineating wetlands in the United States with Wetland Indicators - capturing the current state of science's role in wetland recognition and mapping. Environmental scientists and others involved with wetland regulations can strengthen their knowledge about wetlands, and the use of various indicators, to support their decisions on difficult wetland determinations. Professor Tiner primarily focuses on plants, soils, and other signs of wetland hydrology in the soil, or on the surface of wetlands in his discussion of Wetland Indicators. Practicing - and aspiring - wetland delineators alike will appreciate Wetland Indicators' critical insight into the development and significance of hydrophytic vegetation, hydric soils, and other factors. Features Color images throughout illustrate wetland indicators. Incorporates analysis and coverage of the latest Army Corps of Engineers delineation manual. Provides over 60 tables, including extensive tables of U.S. wetland plant communities and examples for determining hydrophytic vegetation.
Book Synopsis Proceedings of the National Wetland Values Assessment Workshop by :
Download or read book Proceedings of the National Wetland Values Assessment Workshop written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Method for Wetland Functional Assessment by : Paul R. Adamus
Download or read book A Method for Wetland Functional Assessment written by Paul R. Adamus and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Wading Right In by : Catherine Owen Koning
Download or read book Wading Right In written by Catherine Owen Koning and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Where can you find mosses that change landscapes, salamanders with algae in their skin, and carnivorous plants containing whole ecosystems in their furled leaves? Where can you find swamp-trompers, wildlife watchers, marsh managers, and mud-mad scientists? In wetlands, those complex habitats that play such vital ecological roles. In Wading Right In, Catherine Owen Koning and Sharon M. Ashworth take us on a journey into wetlands through stories from the people who wade in the muck. Traveling alongside scientists, explorers, and kids with waders and nets, the authors uncover the inextricably entwined relationships between the water flows, natural chemistry, soils, flora, and fauna of our floodplain forests, fens, bogs, marshes, and mires. Tales of mighty efforts to protect rare orchids, restore salt marshes, and preserve sedge meadows become portals through which we visit major wetland types and discover their secrets, while also learning critical ecological lessons. The United States still loses wetlands at a rate of 13,800 acres per year. Such loss diminishes the water quality of our rivers and lakes, depletes our capacity for flood control, reduces our ability to mitigate climate change, and further impoverishes our biodiversity. Koning and Ashworth's stories captivate the imagination and inspire the emotional and intellectual connections we need to commit to protecting these magical and mysterious places.
Book Synopsis In Search of Swampland by : Ralph W. Tiner
Download or read book In Search of Swampland written by Ralph W. Tiner and published by Rutgers University Press. This book was released on 2005 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Search of Swampland introduces readers to the ecology and natural beauty of the wetlands, one of our most important natural resources. It provides an overview of wetland ecology with emphasis on factors important to wetland identification and recognition. Designed for readers with little or no training in wetland science, this heavily illustrated field guide serves as a valuable resource for the scientist or amateur naturalist. (Midwest).
Book Synopsis Proceedings by : West Virginia Academy of Science
Download or read book Proceedings written by West Virginia Academy of Science and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Crosswalking National Wetland Inventory Attributes to Hydrogeomorphic Functions and Vegetation Communities by : Katherine Vance
Download or read book Crosswalking National Wetland Inventory Attributes to Hydrogeomorphic Functions and Vegetation Communities written by Katherine Vance and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Wetland and Riparian Mapping Center of the Montana Natural Heritage Program has recently begun new National Wetland Inventory (NWI) mapping for Montana. The present study was a pilot project to investigate ways to enhance the new mapping through additional classifications and modifiers. Specifically, our goals were to evaluate GIS-based approaches to Hydrogeomorphic (HGM) classification and profiling, conduct an HGM functional assessment of the Gallatin Valley study area based on these classifications and profiles; establish a crosswalk between NWI classifications, HGM classifications, and vegetation associations; determine whether these additional classifications and associations could be efficiently linked with the National Wetland Inventory in future mapping. Using existing NWI and geospatial data for soils, elevation, and hydrology, we developed a dichotomous key that could assign HGM classes to approximately 85% of the wetland polygons in the study area with 90% accuracy, as determined by visual inspection of the wetlands on 1-meter color imagery. The remaining wetland polygons were classified manually. We used a total of 32 HGM classifications, 17 for unaltered wetlands and 15 for altered wetlands. Nearly 85% of the wetland acreage in the study area is classified as Lotic. Lotic wetland acreage is concentrated in the Gallatin River-Gallatin Gateway (47%) and Lower East Gallatin (25%) watersheds, which contain the main Gallatin River and East Gallatin River channels. Smaller proportions are found in the Smith Creek (10%) and Hyalite Creek (9%) watersheds. Terrene wetland acreage is most plentiful in the Lower East Gallatin (41%) and Smith Creek (27%) watersheds. In the study area as a whole, NWI mapping from the 1980s shows less than 8% of the total wetland acreage as being directly altered. However, when wetland numbers are considered, almost 17% of wetlands were altered in some way. Although 85% of all the wetland acreage in the study area is Lotic, 72% of the altered wetland acreage is Terrene. We used Principal Components Analysis to separate the 5th code HUCs into impact categories, evaluating road density, land cover, population density, septic density, average parcel size, percentage of private land ownership, percentage of public ownership and easements, and percentage of public land survey sections with one or more noxious weeds. The watersheds with the highest impact rankings were the Lower East Gallatin, Hyalite Creek, and the Upper East Gallatin. Together, these watersheds hold 87% of Terrene Interfluve Basin wetlands, 71% of Terrene Interfluve Flat wetlands, and 33% of Terrene Basin wetlands. Because these types of wetlands have high function ratings for nutrient cycling, sediment trapping, aquatic and terrestrial habitat, and wetland biodiversity, we consider those functions to be at risk both within those watersheds and across the study area as a whole. Similarly, those three watersheds contain almost 40% of Lotic River Lower Gradient Floodplain wetlands, 36% of Lotic River Lower Gradient Fringe Wetlands, and 39% of Lotic Stream Lower Gradient Floodplain wetlands. Because these wetland types exist in other, somewhat less impacted watersheds (notably the Gallatin River-Gallatin Gateway and Lower Gallatin), their specific functions (surface water detention, stream maintenance, and plant community maintenance) are at least moderately at risk in the study area. Furthermore, because these Lotic types, like the Terrene types, also have high function ratings for sediment trapping and aquatic/terrestrial habitat, those functions may be especially compromised in these three watersheds. From our field-based surveys and the GIS, we linked National Vegetation Classification System vegetation associations, Montana riparian types, and HGM-derived ecological functions to NWI types in the Gallatin Valley, so users could relate NWI classifications to detailed information useful for planning and management. These associations are complex. A specific NWI type typically encompasses several vegetation associations, but the relationship is usually understandable if past disturbances and regional environmental conditions are considered. NWI associations with HGM modifiers and ecological functions are similarly complex with a one-to-many relationship common. We recommend that mapping in new areas continues to associate vegetation types with USFWS types, since the comprehensive, readily available information about these vegetation types will help those seeking to better understand or manage wetlands. Despite our success with a GIS approach to adding HGM attributes to NWI types, we have not evaluated it beyond the study area, and therefore cannot say whether it offers a cost and time savings over individually classifying each polygon by hand. However, we recommend linking functions to NWI types continues in some form. Wetlands are valued (and regulated) because of their functions and associated values; connecting mapping with functions will aid wetland mitigation, restoration, conservation, and management.
Book Synopsis Federal Coastal Wetland Mapping Programs by : Sari J. Kiraly
Download or read book Federal Coastal Wetland Mapping Programs written by Sari J. Kiraly and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Watershed Approach to Wetland Services by :
Download or read book A Watershed Approach to Wetland Services written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Crosswalking National Wetland Inventory Attributes to Hydrogeomorphic Functions and Vegetation Communities by : Katherine Vance
Download or read book Crosswalking National Wetland Inventory Attributes to Hydrogeomorphic Functions and Vegetation Communities written by Katherine Vance and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Wetland and Riparian Mapping Center of the Montana Natural Heritage Program has recently begun new National Wetland Inventory (NWI) mapping for Montana. The present study was a pilot project to investigate ways to enhance the new mapping through additional classifications and modifiers. Specifically, our goals were to evaluate GIS-based approaches to Hydrogeomorphic (HGM) classification and profiling, conduct an HGM functional assessment of the Gallatin Valley study area based on these classifications and profiles; establish a crosswalk between NWI classifications, HGM classifications, and vegetation associations; determine whether these additional classifications and associations could be efficiently linked with the National Wetland Inventory in future mapping. Using existing NWI and geospatial data for soils, elevation, and hydrology, we developed a dichotomous key that could assign HGM classes to approximately 85% of the wetland polygons in the study area with 90% accuracy, as determined by visual inspection of the wetlands on 1-meter color imagery. The remaining wetland polygons were classified manually. We used a total of 32 HGM classifications, 17 for unaltered wetlands and 15 for altered wetlands. Nearly 85% of the wetland acreage in the study area is classified as Lotic. Lotic wetland acreage is concentrated in the Gallatin River-Gallatin Gateway (47%) and Lower East Gallatin (25%) watersheds, which contain the main Gallatin River and East Gallatin River channels. Smaller proportions are found in the Smith Creek (10%) and Hyalite Creek (9%) watersheds. Terrene wetland acreage is most plentiful in the Lower East Gallatin (41%) and Smith Creek (27%) watersheds. In the study area as a whole, NWI mapping from the 1980s shows less than 8% of the total wetland acreage as being directly altered. However, when wetland numbers are considered, almost 17% of wetlands were altered in some way. Although 85% of all the wetland acreage in the study area is Lotic, 72% of the altered wetland acreage is Terrene. We used Principal Components Analysis to separate the 5th code HUCs into impact categories, evaluating road density, land cover, population density, septic density, average parcel size, percentage of private land ownership, percentage of public ownership and easements, and percentage of public land survey sections with one or more noxious weeds. The watersheds with the highest impact rankings were the Lower East Gallatin, Hyalite Creek, and the Upper East Gallatin. Together, these watersheds hold 87% of Terrene Interfluve Basin wetlands, 71% of Terrene Interfluve Flat wetlands, and 33% of Terrene Basin wetlands. Because these types of wetlands have high function ratings for nutrient cycling, sediment trapping, aquatic and terrestrial habitat, and wetland biodiversity, we consider those functions to be at risk both within those watersheds and across the study area as a whole. Similarly, those three watersheds contain almost 40% of Lotic River Lower Gradient Floodplain wetlands, 36% of Lotic River Lower Gradient Fringe Wetlands, and 39% of Lotic Stream Lower Gradient Floodplain wetlands. Because these wetland types exist in other, somewhat less impacted watersheds (notably the Gallatin River-Gallatin Gateway and Lower Gallatin), their specific functions (surface water detention, stream maintenance, and plant community maintenance) are at least moderately at risk in the study area. Furthermore, because these Lotic types, like the Terrene types, also have high function ratings for sediment trapping and aquatic/terrestrial habitat, those functions may be especially compromised in these three watersheds. From our field-based surveys and the GIS, we linked National Vegetation Classification System vegetation associations, Montana riparian types, and HGM-derived ecological functions to NWI types in the Gallatin Valley, so users could relate NWI classifications to detailed information useful for planning and management. These associations are complex. A specific NWI type typically encompasses several vegetation associations, but the relationship is usually understandable if past disturbances and regional environmental conditions are considered. NWI associations with HGM modifiers and ecological functions are similarly complex with a one-to-many relationship common. We recommend that mapping in new areas continues to associate vegetation types with USFWS types, since the comprehensive, readily available information about these vegetation types will help those seeking to better understand or manage wetlands. Despite our success with a GIS approach to adding HGM attributes to NWI types, we have not evaluated it beyond the study area, and therefore cannot say whether it offers a cost and time savings over individually classifying each polygon by hand. However, we recommend linking functions to NWI types continues in some form. Wetlands are valued (and regulated) because of their functions and associated values; connecting mapping with functions will aid wetland mitigation, restoration, conservation, and management.
