Conventional Concentrically Braced Frames With I Shape Braces And Bolted Brace Connections

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Conventional Concentrically Braced Frames with I-shape Braces and Bolted Brace Connections

Author : Chen Wang
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (129 download)

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Book Synopsis Conventional Concentrically Braced Frames with I-shape Braces and Bolted Brace Connections by : Chen Wang

Download or read book Conventional Concentrically Braced Frames with I-shape Braces and Bolted Brace Connections written by Chen Wang and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "In low and moderate seismic regions, low-ductility concentrically braced frames (CBFs) are widely used as the seismic force-resisting system for steel structures. Unlike high-ductility CBFs, the capacity-based design principle and additional seismic detailing are not required for such systems, which are referred to as conventional CBFs (CCBFs) in this study. In CCBFs, the brace-to-gusset connections are inherently weaker than the adjoining gusset plates and braces when loaded in tension. This occurs because both the gusset plates and the braces are most often selected based on their respective compressive buckling resistances, and hence, typically have a much greater resistance in tension. As such, brace connections are critical for the seismic behaviour and collapse prevention performance of CCBFs. However, brace connections have received little research attention because they are usually assumed to remain elastic in most capacity-based designs, and as such, their inelastic behaviour is not fully understood at a fundamental level. This is reflected in the different code provisions: in Canada, the seismic design force must be amplified by 1.5 for brace connections in CCBFs unless these connections are proven to be ductile as per CSA S16-19; in New Zealand, for connections in CCBFs, a structural performance factor of 1.0 is required, compared with 0.9 for structural members, which effectively increases the seismic design force demand on connections as per NZS 3404; no analogous requirements exist for CCBFs in the USA as per ANSI/AISC 341-16 or in Europe as per Eurocode 8.The inelastic behaviour of and the seismic deformation demand on CCBF brace connections were studied through a two-level numerical simulation approach, which is presented in this thesis. The bolted flange plate connection of the I-shape brace, which is a common design choice for CCBFs, was selected as the subject of this study.At the connection level, a high-fidelity finite element (FE) simulation procedure was developed for the bolted flange plate connection and validated against laboratory test results. The force transfer mechanism within the branches of the connection was characterized. Subsequently, a parametric study based on the validated numerical simulation procedure was carried out. Three key design parameters, namely, the gusset plate thickness, the flange lap plate thickness, and the web lap plate thickness, were varied to study their effects on both the compressive and tensile behaviour of the brace and the connection assembly. Various deformation mechanisms and failure modes were revealed under both compression and tension. Design recommendations are proposed with regards to attaining better deformation capacity.Based on the knowledge gained from the high-fidelity numerical simulations, a computationally efficient component-based modeling method was developed for the bolted brace connection. The connection was discretized into individual components, and modeled by means of organized springs, which each simulate the behaviour of a component. After validation against experimental test results, the component-based connection model was incorporated into a system-level numerical model for a series of prototype CCBFs. Through nonlinear static and dynamic structural analyses, the seismic behaviour and collapse prevention performance of CCBFs were studied. When loaded in tension, the brace connections deformed much more than the brace, and amplifying the design force by 1.5 was effective in reducing the seismic deformation demand on brace connections. In some cases, a secondary seismic force-resisting mechanism developed and prevented the system from collapse after the primary seismic force-resisting mechanism had failed"--

Testing of Conventional Construction W-shape Brace Members and Their Bolted End Connections Undergoing Reversed Cyclic Loading

Author : Alina Rudman
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (111 download)

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Book Synopsis Testing of Conventional Construction W-shape Brace Members and Their Bolted End Connections Undergoing Reversed Cyclic Loading by : Alina Rudman

Download or read book Testing of Conventional Construction W-shape Brace Members and Their Bolted End Connections Undergoing Reversed Cyclic Loading written by Alina Rudman and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "In Canada, the seismic design of steel structures involves the principle of capacity based design, which takes advantage of the inelastic ductility of the Seismic Force Resisting System (SFRS). Specific to concentrically braced frames, the moderate ductility (MD) and limited ductility (LD) categories both require that the members and connections in the lateral load carrying path be designed for the probable capacity of the braces in tension and compression. However, there also exists the Conventional Construction (CC) category as outlined in Clause 27.11 of the CSA S16-14 Standard, for which the engineer is allowed to waive capacity based design principles and design a SFRS which is expected to behave principally elastically when subjected to design-level earthquakes. These Type CC systems are designed using low R-values (Ro = 1.3 & Rd = 1.5), and hence do not depend on the yielding and buckling of a fuse element (brace) to dissipate earthquake energy. Instead, the energy dissipation is assumed to occur due to localized yielding of connections and through friction within these joints. The CSA S16-14 Standard requires the engineer to increase the seismic forces by a factor of 1.5, if it cannot be demonstrated that the connections in the lateral load carrying path have an expected failure mode that is ductile. This has proven to be challenging to engineers because no guidelines or recommendations are provided to determine the ductility of connections. As a result, quantifying the level of ductility of these components becomes an important factor in designing Type CC systems under seismic loading. While Type CC braced frames are used extensively throughout the country, there is very little research available to give insight on the ductility of these systems, particularly in the case of W-shaped braces with bolted end connections. As such, the objective of this research was to measure the response of full-scale W-shape braces and their bolted connections under reversed cyclic seismic loading. Six brace specimens were tested, including two common bolted connection types and two W-shape section sizes. These connections were designed following the provisions in CSA S16-14 without any capacity design rules. The 1.5 penalty from Clause 27.11 was not included. The loading protocol was developed using statistical data from a nonlinear numerical study of five buildings designed with Type CC braces. Test measurements indicated that that Type CC brace specimens were able to achieve storey drift ratios of 1%-2%." --

Impact of Connection Type on Performance of Non-seismic Concentrically Braced Frames

Author : Ryan Ballard
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 203 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (932 download)

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Book Synopsis Impact of Connection Type on Performance of Non-seismic Concentrically Braced Frames by : Ryan Ballard

Download or read book Impact of Connection Type on Performance of Non-seismic Concentrically Braced Frames written by Ryan Ballard and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Concentrically braced frame (CBF) structural systems resist lateral loads using braces framed diagonally between frame work points defined at the intersection of beam, column, and brace centerlines. In the past few decades, research on CBFs has primarily focused on improving seismic detailing requirements for new construction. Braced frames designed prior to 1988, termed non-seismic concentrically braced frames (NCBFs), had much less stringent design requirements the consequences of which include high variability in the beam-to-connection detail, an inability to develop the yield capacity of the brace, and unknown controlling failure modes. Evaluation and retrofit of existing NCBF systems can be challenging in part due to the lack of experimental research evaluating the variety of connection details and deficiencies present in existing NCBF infrastructure. As part of a large NSF supported effort to provide guidance on the seismic evaluation and retrofit of NCBFs, five NCBF frames focusing on bolted beam-to-column connections were designed and tested at the University of Washington Structural Research Laboratory. The results are compared to the results of nine previous NCBF tests using measured response parameters and observed performance. It was found that the brace type along with the continuity, flexibility, and deficiencies of the connection could dramatically impact the deformation capacity, failure mode, and yielding hierarchy observed in an NCBF. Backbone curves developed for all fourteen experiments provide modeling parameters to be used in the development of modified procedures for evaluation and retrofit of braced frames.

Guide to Design Criteria for Bolted and Riveted Joints

Author : Geoffrey L. Kulak
Publisher : Wiley-Interscience
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 364 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Guide to Design Criteria for Bolted and Riveted Joints by : Geoffrey L. Kulak

Download or read book Guide to Design Criteria for Bolted and Riveted Joints written by Geoffrey L. Kulak and published by Wiley-Interscience. This book was released on 1987-04-14 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This updated version of the first edition examines the strength and deformation behaviour of riveted and bolted structural connectors and the joints in which they are used.

Strength Tuned Steel Eccentric Braced Frames

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 221 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (111 download)

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Book Synopsis Strength Tuned Steel Eccentric Braced Frames by :

Download or read book Strength Tuned Steel Eccentric Braced Frames written by and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The primary component in eccentrically braced frames (EBF) is the link as its plastic strength controls the design of the frame as well as the entire building within which it is installed. EBFs are the first part of building design and every other component is sized based on the forces developed in the link. Oversized link elements lead to the use of unnecessary materials and can increase construction costs. Additionally, the advantages of using a continuous member of the same depth for both the link and the controller beam (in terms of the cost and the time) motivates researchers to find a way to control the link strength in conventional EBFs. Previous studies on the link-to-column connections in EBF have shown that the links are likely to fail before reaching the required rotation due to fractures at low drift level. Moreover, improving the strength of the links in EBF depends primarily on their ability to achieve target inelastic deformation and to provide high ductility during earthquakes. Therefore, in this study, the concept of tuned link strength properties in EBF, T-EBF, is experimentally introduced as a solution to improve the performance of the link in conventional EBF by cutting out an opening in the link web. Furthermore, a new brace-to-link connection is proposed to bolt the brace member with the link in contrast to the conventional method of welding them. This new idea in continuous beam design was investigated to verify the stability of the tuned eccentrically braced frame, either welded or bolted, with a bracing member. A total of four full-scale cyclic tests were conducted to study the ability of T-EBF to achieve inelastic deformation. The specimens have two different cross sections: W18x76 and W16x67, two different sections where the brace was welded to the link, and two other specimens at different sections where the brace was bolted to the link were examined. The experimental results indicate that the link in T-EBF can achieve high rotation, exceeding 0.15 rad, and an overstrength factor equal to 1.5. Failure involved included web buckling at very high rotation. The T-EBF displayed a very good, non-replaceable ductile link. The experiments were followed by an isotropic kinematic-combined hardening model in the finite element analyses (FEA). The FEA analysis is developed to predict the effect of web opening configuration on the local section stresses and strains and global characteristics of the frame. FEA exhibits good agreement with the experimental results and can capture the inelastic buckling behavior of the sections. The link configuration parameters of the T-EBF were studied extensively on a W18x76 shear link subjected to the 2016 AISC seismic design provisions loading protocol (ANSI/AISC 341-16, 2016). The parametric study also included the performance of a range of wide flange sections. The analysis shows that the reduced web section has effect on the plastic strain in which low plastic strain observed near ends and connections and high at the center of the web. Results also demonstrate that if the shear link is appropriately sized with web opening and intermediate web stiffeners provided, an excellent shear link with high ductility under cyclic loads can be obtained. Changing the configuration of the opening cutout also had a significant effect on reducing the transition zone cracks.

Proceedings of the Canadian Society of Civil Engineering Annual Conference 2022

Author : Rishi Gupta
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031341597
Total Pages : 1180 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (313 download)

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Book Synopsis Proceedings of the Canadian Society of Civil Engineering Annual Conference 2022 by : Rishi Gupta

Download or read book Proceedings of the Canadian Society of Civil Engineering Annual Conference 2022 written by Rishi Gupta and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-08-05 with total page 1180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book comprises the proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Canadian Society of Civil Engineering 2022. The contents of this volume focus on specialty conferences in construction, environmental, hydrotechnical, materials, structures, transportation engineering, etc. This volume will prove a valuable resource for those in academia and industry.

Inelastic Behavior of Eccentrically Braced Steel Frames Under Cyclic Loadings

Author : Charles W. Roeder
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 346 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Inelastic Behavior of Eccentrically Braced Steel Frames Under Cyclic Loadings by : Charles W. Roeder

Download or read book Inelastic Behavior of Eccentrically Braced Steel Frames Under Cyclic Loadings written by Charles W. Roeder and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Energy Dissipation with Slotted Bolted Connections

Author : Carl E. Grigorian
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 246 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Energy Dissipation with Slotted Bolted Connections by : Carl E. Grigorian

Download or read book Energy Dissipation with Slotted Bolted Connections written by Carl E. Grigorian and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Evaluation and Retrofit of Non-capacity Designed Braced Frames

Author : Dan A. Sloat
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 386 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (898 download)

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Book Synopsis Evaluation and Retrofit of Non-capacity Designed Braced Frames by : Dan A. Sloat

Download or read book Evaluation and Retrofit of Non-capacity Designed Braced Frames written by Dan A. Sloat and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Concentrically braced frames (CBFs) are lateral-load resisting systems that consist of diagonal braces which are framed concentrically with the intersection of either beam-to-column connections or opposing braces. Since the early 1990s, seismic design of special concentrically braced frames (SCBFs) has placed stringent design and detailing requirements on the braces, gusset plates and related connections. By contrast, CBFs designed before the early 1990's were designed to much less restrictive specifications than SCBFs. There are few tests of these older CBFs, resulting in uncertainty about their performance and about viable retrofit options. Older CBFs are common in current infrastructure, so the uncertainty in their performance poses a substantial risk. This research project seeks to address this uncertainty. A series of tests have been undertaken to investigate the response of both existing and retrofitted older CBFs. The experimental data from these tests is used to validate evaluation approaches for older CBFs and can be used for future development of numerical models. The retrofitted systems demonstrate practical methods to increase system ductility and improve seismic performance by mitigating damage. Finally, tools to aid in the seismic evaluation and retrofit of CBFs per ASCE 41 are proposed.

Structural Members and Connections

Author : George A. Hool
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 702 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis Structural Members and Connections by : George A. Hool

Download or read book Structural Members and Connections written by George A. Hool and published by . This book was released on 1923 with total page 702 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Connections in Steel Structures

Author : R. Bjorhovde
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1482286424
Total Pages : 415 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (822 download)

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Book Synopsis Connections in Steel Structures by : R. Bjorhovde

Download or read book Connections in Steel Structures written by R. Bjorhovde and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1988-02-19 with total page 415 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the Proceedings of a State-of-the-Art Workshop on Connenctions and the Behaviour, Strength and Design of Steel Structures held at Laboratoire de Mecanique et Technologie, Ecole Normale, Cachan France from 25th to 27th May 1987. It contains the papers presented at the above proceedings and is split into eight main sections covering: Local Analysis of Joints, Mathematical Models, Classification, Frame Analysis, Frame Stability and Simplified Methods, Design Requirements, Data Base Organisation, Research and Development Needs. With papers from 50 international contributors this text will provide essential reading for all those involved with steel structures.

NEHRP Recommended Provisions (National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program) for Seismic Regulations for New Buildings and Other Structures: Commentary

Download NEHRP Recommended Provisions (National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program) for Seismic Regulations for New Buildings and Other Structures: Commentary PDF Online Free

Author : United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 468 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis NEHRP Recommended Provisions (National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program) for Seismic Regulations for New Buildings and Other Structures: Commentary by : United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency

Download or read book NEHRP Recommended Provisions (National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program) for Seismic Regulations for New Buildings and Other Structures: Commentary written by United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Damage-free Seismic-resistant Self-centering Friction-damped Braced Frames with Buckling-restrained Columns

Author : Felix C. Blebo
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 172 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Damage-free Seismic-resistant Self-centering Friction-damped Braced Frames with Buckling-restrained Columns by : Felix C. Blebo

Download or read book Damage-free Seismic-resistant Self-centering Friction-damped Braced Frames with Buckling-restrained Columns written by Felix C. Blebo and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Conventional concentrically braced frame (CBF) systems have limited drift capacity prior to brace buckling, and related damage leads to deterioration in strength and stiffness. CBFs are also susceptible to weak story failure. A pin- supported self-centering friction-damped braced frame system with buckling-restrained columns (FDBF-BRC) is being developed to provide significant drift capacity while limiting damage due to residual drift and soft-story mechanisms. The FDBF-BRC system consists of beams, columns, and braces branching off a central column, with buckling restrained columns (BRCs) incorporated into the system at the first story external column positions. The BRCs and friction generated at lateral-load bearings at each floor level are used to dissipate energy to minimize the overall seismic response of the FDBF-BRC system. Vertically aligned post-tensioning bars provide additional overturning moment resistance and aid in self-centering the system to eliminate residual drift. The pin support condition and the lateral stiffness of the system enable it to exhibit a nearly uniform inter-story drift distribution. In this study, a suite of 44 DBE-level ground motions used in FEMA P695 is numerically applied to several FDBF- BRCs to demonstrate the seismic performance of the system. The results show that the FDBF-BRC system has a nearly uniform inter-story drift response, high ductility, and a high energy dissipation capacity, and is an effective seismic-resistant system.

Behaviour of Steel Structures in Seismic Areas

Author : Federico Mazzolani
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 020311941X
Total Pages : 1147 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Behaviour of Steel Structures in Seismic Areas by : Federico Mazzolani

Download or read book Behaviour of Steel Structures in Seismic Areas written by Federico Mazzolani and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-01-31 with total page 1147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Behaviour of Steel Structures in Seismic Areas is a comprehensive overview of recent developments in the field of seismic resistant steel structures. It comprises a collection of papers presented at the seventh International Specialty Conference STESSA 2012 (Santiago, Chile, 9-11 January 2012), and includes the state-of-the-art in both theore

Shape Memory Alloys for Seismic Resilience

Author : Cheng Fang
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9811370400
Total Pages : 284 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (113 download)

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Book Synopsis Shape Memory Alloys for Seismic Resilience by : Cheng Fang

Download or read book Shape Memory Alloys for Seismic Resilience written by Cheng Fang and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-05-25 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces readers to the fundamental properties and practical applications of shape memory alloys (SMAs) from the perspective of seismic engineering. It objectively discusses the superiority of this novel class of materials, which could potentially overcome the limitations of conventional seismic control technologies. The results, vividly presented in the form of tables and figures, are demonstrated with rigorous experimental verifications, supplemented by comprehensive numerical and analytical investigations. The book allows readers to gain an in-depth understanding of the working mechanisms of various SMA-based structural devices and members, including beam-to-column connections, dampers, and braces, while also providing them with a broader vision of next-generation, performance-based seismic design for novel adaptive structural systems. Helping to bridge the gap between material science and structural engineering, it also sheds light on the potential of commercializing SMA products in the construction industry. The cutting-edge research highlighted here provides technical incentives for design professionals, contractors, and building officials to use high-performance and smart materials in structural design, helping them stay at the forefront of construction technology.

Handbook of Steel Connection Design and Details

Author : Akbar R. Tamboli
Publisher : McGraw Hill Professional
ISBN 13 : 0071550054
Total Pages : 654 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (715 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Steel Connection Design and Details by : Akbar R. Tamboli

Download or read book Handbook of Steel Connection Design and Details written by Akbar R. Tamboli and published by McGraw Hill Professional. This book was released on 2010 with total page 654 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Surveys the leading methods for connecting structural steel components, covering state-of-the-art techniques and materials, and includes new information on welding and connections. Hundreds of detailed examples, photographs, and illustrations are found throughout this handbook. --from publisher description.

Designing Tall Buildings

Author : Mark Sarkisian
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136656464
Total Pages : 222 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (366 download)

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Book Synopsis Designing Tall Buildings by : Mark Sarkisian

Download or read book Designing Tall Buildings written by Mark Sarkisian and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-03-22 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first of its kind, Designing Tall Buildings is an accessible reference that guides you through the fundamental principles of designing high-rises. Each chapter focuses on one theme central to tall-building design, giving you a comprehensive overview of the related architecture and structural engineering concepts. Mark P. Sarkisian provides clear definitions of technical terms and introduces important equations, to help you gradually develop your knowledge. Later chapters allow you to explore more complex applications, such as biomimicry. Projects drawn from Skidmore, Owings and Merrill’s vast catalog of built high-rises, many of which Sarkisian designed, demonstrate these concepts. This book advises you to consider the influence of a particular site’s geology, wind conditions, and seismicity. Using this contextual knowledge and analysis, you can determine what types of structural solutions are best suited for a tower on that site. You can then conceptualize and devise efficient structural systems that are not only safe, but also constructible and economical. Sarkisian also addresses the influence of nature in design, urging you to integrate structure and architecture for buildings of superior performance, sustainability, and aesthetic excellence.