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Author : Eckhard Kadasch
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (968 download)
Download or read book Controlling Entrainment in Large-eddy Simulation of Stratocumulus Clouds written by Eckhard Kadasch and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 58 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (727 download)
Download or read book Large Eddy Simulation of the Diurnal Cycle in Southeast Pacific Stratocumulus written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper describes a series of 6 day large eddy simulations of a deep, sometimes drizzling stratocumulus-topped boundary layer based on forcings from the East Pacific Investigation of Climate (EPIC) 2001 field campaign. The base simulation was found to reproduce the observed mean boundary layer properties quite well. The diurnal cycle of liquid water path was also well captured, although good agreement appears to result partially from compensating errors in the diurnal cycles of cloud base and cloud top due to overentrainment around midday. At other times of the day, entrainment is found to be proportional to the vertically-integrated buoyancy flux. Model stratification matches observations well; turbulence profiles suggest that the boundary layer is always at least somewhat decoupled. Model drizzle appears to be too sensitive to liquid water path and subcloud evaporation appears to be too weak. Removing the diurnal cycle of subsidence had little effect on simulated cloud albedo. Simulations with changed droplet concentration and drizzle susceptibility showed large liquid water path differences at night, but differences were quite small at midday. Droplet concentration also had a significant impact on entrainment, primarily through droplet sedimentation feedback rather than through drizzle processes.
Author : Robert Pincus
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319772732
Total Pages : 396 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (197 download)
Download or read book Shallow Clouds, Water Vapor, Circulation, and Climate Sensitivity written by Robert Pincus and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-05-29 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents a series of overview articles arising from a workshop exploring the links among shallow clouds, water vapor, circulation, and climate sensitivity. It provides a state-of-the art synthesis of understanding about the coupling of clouds and water vapor to the large-scale circulation. The emphasis is on two phenomena, namely the self-aggregation of deep convection and interactions between low clouds and the large-scale environment, with direct links to the sensitivity of climate to radiative perturbations. Each subject is approached using simulations, observations, and synthesizing theory; particular attention is paid to opportunities offered by new remote-sensing technologies, some still prospective. The collection provides a thorough grounding in topics representing one of the World Climate Research Program’s Grand Challenges. Previously published in Surveys in Geophysics, Volume 38, Issue 6, 2017 The aritcles “Observing Convective Aggregation”, “An Observational View of Relationships Between Moisture Aggregation, Cloud, and Radiative Heating Profiles”, “Implications of Warm Rain in Shallow Cumulus and Congestus Clouds for Large-Scale Circulations”, “A Survey of Precipitation-Induced Atmospheric Cold Pools over Oceans and Their Interactions with the Larger-Scale Environment”, “Low-Cloud Feedbacks from Cloud-Controlling Factors: A Review”, “Mechanisms and Model Diversity of Trade-Wind Shallow Cumulus Cloud Feedbacks: A Review”, “Structure and Dynamical Influence of Water Vapor in the Lower Tropical Troposphere”, “Emerging Technologies and Synergies for Airborne and Space-Based Measurements of Water Vapor Profiles”, “Observational Constraints on Cloud Feedbacks: The Role of Active Satellite Sensors”, and “EUREC4A: A Field Campaign to Elucidate the Couplings Between Clouds, Convection and Circulation” are available as open access articles under a CC BY 4.0 license at link.springer.com.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 34 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (684 download)
Download or read book Small Scale Processes and Entrainment in a Stratocumulus Marine Boundary Layer written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lack of resolution is a common problem hampering the use of large eddy simulation models for investigating boundary layer dynamics. Entrainment into the tops of marine stratus is characteristic of this problem. The use of parallel computing as a technique for resolving both boundary layer motions and the entrainment region enables the investigation of the interaction between the moist thermodynamics and turbulence in the entrainment region at very small length scales (dx = 8 m, dz = 4 m). This interaction results in heterogeneity at small scales which is important for correctly diagnosing the details of entrainment. This study presents several numerical experiments at high resolution using a generalization of a 1995 GCSS (GEWEX Cloud System Studies) model intercomparison. Subtle details of the numerical algorithm are found to cause larger differences in entrainment than choice of subgrid model. A kinetic energy budget shows that even for very high resolution, numerical dissipation is usually larger than that produced by the subgrid model. However, the structure of eddies at the inversion is determined mainly by resolution with very little dependence on numerical representation. Inversion properties are converging as resolution approaches an undulation scale. Most of the mixing is confined within 100 meters of the inversion with entraining motions having an aspect ratio of 6 to 1.
Author : National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN 13 : 9781721631490
Total Pages : 26 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (314 download)
Download or read book Large-Eddy Simulation of Stratocumulus-Topped Atmospheric Boundary Layers with Dynamic Subgrid-Scale Models written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-06-21 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of the present study is to evaluate the dynamic procedure in LES of stratocumulus topped atmospheric boundary layer and assess the relative importance of subgrid-scale modeling, cloud microphysics and radiation modeling on the predictions. The simulations will also be used to gain insight into the processes leading to cloud top entrainment instability and cloud breakup. In this report we document the governing equations, numerical schemes and physical models that are employed in the Goddard Cumulus Ensemble model (GCEM3D). We also present the subgrid-scale dynamic procedures that have been implemented in the GCEM3D code for the purpose of the present study. Senocak, Inane Ames Research Center
Author : Xuhui Lee
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031326687
Total Pages : 376 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (313 download)
Download or read book Fundamentals of Boundary-Layer Meteorology written by Xuhui Lee and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-09-12 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is filled with didactic elements such as exercises, charts and case study examples. It introduces a set of fundamental equations that govern the conservation of mass (dry air, water vapor, trace gases), momentum and energy in the lower atmosphere. It offers students an up-to-date literature overview and introduces theory to a field that is mostly empirical in nature. Dedicated to undergraduate or graduate students in atmospheric sciences and meteorology, this textbook compels students about the importance of the subject and its application. Simplifications of each of the equations are made in the context of boundary-layer processes. Extended from these equations the author then discusses a set of issues fundamental to boundary layer meteorology, including (1) turbulence generation and destruction, (2) force balance in various portions of the lower atmosphere, (3) canopy flow, (4) tracer diffusion and footprint theory, (5) principles of flux measurement and interpretation, (6) models for land evaporation, (7) models for surface temperature response to land use change, and (8) boundary layer budget calculations for heat, water vapor and carbon dioxide. This second edition is enhanced with new materials on the marine boundary layer and on three contemporary topics: the urban boundary layer, the polluted boundary layer and the cloudy boundary layer in a changing climate. Problem sets are supplied at the end of each chapter to reinforce the concepts and theory presented in the main text. This volume offers the accumulation of insights gained by the author during his academic career as a researcher and teacher in the field of boundary-layer meteorology
Author : Yangang Liu
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119528941
Total Pages : 483 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (195 download)
Download or read book Fast Processes in Large-Scale Atmospheric Models written by Yangang Liu and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2023-12-11 with total page 483 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Improving weather and climate prediction with better representation of fast processes in atmospheric models Many atmospheric processes that influence Earth’s weather and climate occur at spatiotemporal scales that are too small to be resolved in large scale models. They must be parameterized, which means approximately representing them by variables that can be resolved by model grids. Fast Processes in Large-Scale Atmospheric Models: Progress, Challenges and Opportunities explores ways to better investigate and represent multiple parameterized processes in models and thus improve their ability to make accurate climate and weather predictions. Volume highlights include: Historical development of the parameterization of fast processes in numerical models Different types of major sub-grid processes and their parameterizations Efforts to unify the treatment of individual processes and their interactions Top-down versus bottom-up approaches across multiple scales Measurement techniques, observational studies, and frameworks for model evaluation Emerging challenges, new opportunities, and future research directions The American Geophysical Union promotes discovery in Earth and space science for the benefit of humanity. Its publications disseminate scientific knowledge and provide resources for researchers, students, and professionals.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1572 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 1572 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Karin Caroline Xuereb
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 238 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (222 download)
Download or read book Entrainment in Stratocumulus Cloud and the Stratocumulus-to-cumulus Transition written by Karin Caroline Xuereb and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : R.K. Smith
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401588287
Total Pages : 499 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (15 download)
Download or read book The Physics and Parameterization of Moist Atmospheric Convection written by R.K. Smith and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 499 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An up-to-date summary of our understanding of the dynamics and thermodynamics of moist atmospheric convection, with a strong focus on recent developments in the field. The book also reviews ways in which moist convection may be parameterised in large-scale numerical models - a field in which there is still some controversy - and discusses the implications of convection for large-scale flow. Audience: The book is aimed at the graduate level and research meteorologists as well as scientists in other disciplines who need to know more about moist convection and its representation in numerical models.
Author : Ines Bulatovic
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789180140171
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (41 download)
Download or read book Investigating Aerosol Effects on Stratocumulus Clouds Through Large-eddy Simulation written by Ines Bulatovic and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Sylvia Sullivan
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119700310
Total Pages : 371 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (197 download)
Download or read book Clouds and Their Climatic Impact written by Sylvia Sullivan and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2023-12-19 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Clouds and Their Climatic Impacts Clouds are an influential and complex element of Earth’s climate system. They evolve rapidly in time and exist over small spatial scales, but also affect global radiative balance and large-scale circulations. With more powerful models and extensive observations now at our disposal, the climate impact of clouds is receiving ever more research attention. Clouds and Their Climatic Impacts: Radiation, Circulation, and Precipitation presents an overview of our current understanding on various types of clouds and cloud systems and their multifaceted role in the radiative budget, circulation patterns, and rainfall. Volume highlights include: Interactions of aerosol with both liquid and ice clouds Surface and atmospheric cloud radiative feedbacks and effects Arctic, extratropical, and tropical clouds Cloud-circulation coupling at global, meso, and micro scales Precipitation efficiency, phase, and measurements The role of machine learning in understanding clouds and climate The American Geophysical Union promotes discovery in Earth and space science for the benefit of humanity. Its publications disseminate scientific knowledge and provide resources for researchers, students, and professionals.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 13 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (971 download)
Download or read book Improving Parameterization of Entrainment Rate for Shallow Convection with Aircraft Measurements and Large-Eddy Simulation written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work examines the relationships of entrainment rate to vertical velocity, buoyancy, and turbulent dissipation rate by applying stepwise principal component regression to observational data from shallow cumulus clouds collected during the Routine AAF [Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Aerial Facility] Clouds with Low Optical Water Depths (CLOWD) Optical Radiative Observations (RACORO) field campaign over the ARM Southern Great Plains (SGP) site near Lamont, Oklahoma. The cumulus clouds during the RACORO campaign simulated using a large eddy simulation (LES) model are also examined with the same approach. The analysis shows that a combination of multiple variables can better represent entrainment rate in both the observations and LES than any single-variable fitting. Three commonly used parameterizations are also tested on the individual cloud scale. A new parameterization is therefore presented that relates entrainment rate to vertical velocity, buoyancy and dissipation rate; the effects of treating clouds as ensembles and humid shells surrounding cumulus clouds on the new parameterization are discussed. Physical mechanisms underlying the relationships of entrainment rate to vertical velocity, buoyancy and dissipation rate are also explored.
Author : P. Sagaut
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3540264035
Total Pages : 575 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (42 download)
Download or read book Large Eddy Simulation for Incompressible Flows written by P. Sagaut and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-12-11 with total page 575 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First concise textbook on Large-Eddy Simulation, a very important method in scientific computing and engineering From the foreword to the third edition written by Charles Meneveau: "... this meticulously assembled and significantly enlarged description of the many aspects of LES will be a most welcome addition to the bookshelves of scientists and engineers in fluid mechanics, LES practitioners, and students of turbulence in general."
Author : Erich J. Plate
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401150583
Total Pages : 493 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (11 download)
Download or read book Buoyant Convection in Geophysical Flows written by Erich J. Plate and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 493 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Studies of convection in geophysical flows constitute an advanced and rapidly developing area of research that is relevant to problems of the natural environment. During the last decade, significant progress has been achieved in the field as a result of both experimental studies and numerical modelling. This led to the principal revision of the widely held view on buoyancy-driven turbulent flows comprising an organised mean component with superimposed chaotic turbulence. An intermediate type of motion, represented by coherent structures, has been found to play a key role in geophysical boundary layers and in larger scale atmospheric and hydrospheric circulations driven by buoyant forcing. New aspects of the interaction between convective motions and rotation have recently been discovered and investigated. Extensive experimental data have also been collected on the role of convection in cloud dynamics and microphysics. New theoretical concepts and approaches have been outlined regarding scaling and parameterization of physical processes in buoyancy-driven geophysical flows. The book summarizes interdisciplinary studies of buoyancy effects in different media (atmosphere and hydrosphere) over a wide range of scales (small scale phenomena in unstably stratified and convectively mixed layers to deep convection in the atmosphere and ocean), by different research methods (field measurements, laboratory simulations, numerical modelling), and within a variety of application areas (dispersion of pollutants, weather forecasting, hazardous phenomena associated with buoyant forcing).
Author :
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0080568688
Total Pages : 289 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)
Download or read book Advances in Geophysics written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 1996-02-29 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the Foreword:"This series has provided workers in many fields with invaluable reference material and criticism."--Science Progress"Should be on the bookshelf of every geophysicist."--Physics Today"The entire series should be in the library of every group working in geophysics."--American Scientist
Download or read book Multi-Dimensional Broadband IR Radiative Forcing of Marine Stratocumulus in a Large Eddy Simulation Model written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In order to address the interactive and evolutionary nature of the cloud-radiation interaction, we have coupled to a Large Eddy Simulation (LES) model the sophisticated multi-dimensional radiative transfer (MDRT) scheme of Evans (Spherical Harmonics Discrete Ordinate Method; 1998). Because of computational expense, we are at this time only able to run 2D experiments. Preliminary runs consider only the broadband longwave component, in large part because IR cloud top cooling is the significant forcing mechanism for marine stratocumulus. Little difference is noted in the evolution of unbroken stratocumulus between three-hour runs using MDRT and independent pixel approximation (IPA) for 2D domains of 50 km in the horizontal and 1.5 km in the vertical. Local heating rates differ slightly near undulating regions of cloud top, and a slight bias in mean heating rate from 1 to 3 h is present, yet the differences are never strong enough to result in a pronounced evolutionary bias in typical boundary layer metrics (e.g. inversion height, vertical velocity variance, TKE). Longer integration times may eventually produce a physical response to the bias in radiative cooling rates. A low-CCN case, designed to produce significant drizzle and induce cloud breakup does show subtle differences between MDRT and IPA. Over the course of the 6 hour simulations, entrainment is slightly less in the MDRT case, and the transition to the surface-based trade cumulus regime is delayed. Mean cooling rates appear systematically weaker in the MDRT case, indicative of a less energetic PBL and reflected in profiles of vertical velocity variance and TKE.
