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Control Of The Quantum Dot Energy By A Photon Observation Of Two Exciton And Three Exciton States In Quantum Dots
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Book Synopsis Control of the Quantum Dot Energy by a Photon: Observation of Two-Exciton and Three-Exciton States in Quantum Dots by : Yasuaki Masumoto
Download or read book Control of the Quantum Dot Energy by a Photon: Observation of Two-Exciton and Three-Exciton States in Quantum Dots written by Yasuaki Masumoto and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Antibonding two-exciton and three-exciton states were observed in CuCl quartum dots. This observation demonstrates the controlability of the quartum dot energy by a photon.
Book Synopsis Semiconductor Quantum Dots by : Y. Masumoto
Download or read book Semiconductor Quantum Dots written by Y. Masumoto and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Semiconductor quantum dots represent one of the fields of solid state physics that have experienced the greatest progress in the last decade. Recent years have witnessed the discovery of many striking new aspects of the optical response and electronic transport phenomena. This book surveys this progress in the physics, optical spectroscopy and application-oriented research of semiconductor quantum dots. It focuses especially on excitons, multi-excitons, their dynamical relaxation behaviour and their interactions with the surroundings of a semiconductor quantum dot. Recent developments in fabrication techniques are reviewed and potential applications discussed. This book will serve not only as an introductory textbook for graduate students but also as a concise guide for active researchers.
Book Synopsis Colloidal Quantum Dot Optoelectronics and Photovoltaics by : Gerasimos Konstantatos
Download or read book Colloidal Quantum Dot Optoelectronics and Photovoltaics written by Gerasimos Konstantatos and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-11-07 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Captures the most up-to-date research in the field, written in an accessible style by the world's leading experts.
Book Synopsis Optical and Electrical Properties of Single Self-Assembled Quantum Dots in Lateral Electric Fields by : Malte Huck
Download or read book Optical and Electrical Properties of Single Self-Assembled Quantum Dots in Lateral Electric Fields written by Malte Huck and published by diplom.de. This book was released on 2010-03-25 with total page 137 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inhaltsangabe:Abstract: Chapter 1: In this thesis we investigate the optical properties of self-assembled quantum dots exposed to a lateral electric field. As a result of the electric field the wave functions of electrons and holes inside the quantum dot are manipulated, which makes it possible to tune their energy levels and control the optical properties of the system. The possibility of tuning the emission energy of different few particle states using this method makes this system very promising for the use of a source of polarization entangled photons as discussed in the following sections. In Section 1.1 the concept of entangled states is introduced together with a brief historical overview. The possibility of using the exciton biexciton cascade of a self-assembled quantum dot for the generation of entangled photon pairs is presented in Section 1.2. Chapter 2: In this chapter we introduce the concept of quantum dots and demonstrate their optical emission properties. In Section 2.1 the quantum dot is introduced as a three-dimensional charge carrier trap. Several types of quantum dots are presented in an overview. In Section 2.2 we discuss the physical effects that occur on the way from bulk semiconductor material to the three-dimensional charge carrier confinement in the case of quantum dots. The growth of self-assembled quantum dot samples is the topic of Section 2.3, where the technique of molecular beam epitaxy is introduced (Section 2.3.1). This technique is used to grow the semiconductor quantum dots via heteroepitaxy in the Stranski-Krastanov growth mode (Section 2.3.2). Quantum dots are commonly referred to as artificial atoms due to their atomlike emission features. The origin for this expression is explained in Section 2.4 on the basis of the energetic structure of self-assembled quantum dots. The optical properties of quantum dots are discussed in Section 2.5, beginning with an introduction to the experimental setup that has been used to investigate the quantum dots during this thesis (Section 2.5.1). Different optical excitation modes are presented in Section 2.5.2 and in Section 2.5.3 we discuss, how to achieve a low enough quantum dot density on the analyzed samples. Section 2.5.4 deals with the photoluminescence of different exciton states and in Section 2.5.5 we present how these lines can be identified via power dependent measurements. Finally, the concept of initial charges in self-assembled quantum dots is presented in [...]
Download or read book Quantum Dots written by Lucjan Jacak and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We present an overview of the theoretical background and experimental re sults in the rapidly developing field of semiconductor quantum dots - systems 8 6 of dimensions as small as 10- -10- m (quasi-zero-dimensional) that contain a small and controllable number (1-1000) of electrons. The electronic structure of quantum dots, including the energy quan tization of the single-particle states (due to spatial confinement) and the evolution of these (Fock-Darwin) states in an increasing external magnetic field, is described. The properties of many-electron systems confined in a dot are also studied. This includes the separation of the center-of-mass mo tion for the parabolic confining potential (and hence the insensitivity of the transitions under far infrared radiation to the Coulomb interactions and the number of particles - the generalized Kohn theorem) and the effects due to Coulomb interactions (formation of the incompressible magic states at high magnetic fields and their relation to composite jermions), and finally the spin-orbit interactions. In addition, the excitonic properties of quantum dots are discussed, including the energy levels and the spectral function of a single exciton, the relaxation of confined carriers, the metastable states and their effect on the photoluminescence spectrum, the interaction of an exciton with carriers, and exciton condensation. The theoretical part of this work, which is based largely on original re sults obtained by the authors, has been supplemented with descriptions of various methods of creating quantum-dot structures.
Book Synopsis Functionalization of Resonant Interactions in Coupled Quantum Dots by :
Download or read book Functionalization of Resonant Interactions in Coupled Quantum Dots written by and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The focus of this dissertation is discovering and finding functional uses of resonant interactions that occur in coupled quantum dots (i.e. quantum dot molecules, QDMs). Coupled quantum dots compared to individual quantum dots offer a more versatile platform to study interactions between photons, charges, and phonons. Applying an electric field in a QDM system allows tuning of the electronic energy states and controls particle tunneling between quantum dots, thus coupling the quantum dots. For the past two decades, extensive research into coupled quantum dot systems has led to a deeper understanding and control of the charge, spin and photonic properties of single quantum states. This dissertation continues the pursuit to further understand these QDM systems with a particular emphasis on exploring the physics of resonant interactions between electronic states, phononic states, and optical transitions. This work consists of three components, the first is a novel experimental method that is capable of achieving high resolution spectra. The second addresses the resonant interaction between discrete neutral exciton and optical phonons that generates a molecular polaron, which can be tuned to render QDM emissions transparent or amplify weak transitions. The final component addresses ultrafast optical charging into specific charge states of a QDM. In the first research chapter we report on an optical spectroscopy method which is capable of resolving spectral features beyond that of the spin fine structure and homogeneous linewidth of single quantum dots using a standard, easy to use spectrometer setup. This method incorporates both laser and photoluminescence spectroscopy, combining the advantage of laser linewidth limited resolution with multi-channel photoluminescence detection. Using this method allows the ability of greatly improving the resolution beyond that of a common single stage spectrometer. The method uses phonons to assist in the measurement of the photoluminescence of a single quantum dot after resonant excitation of its ground state transition. The phonons allow us to separate and filter out the elastically scattered excitation laser light. An advantageous feature of this method is that it is easily incorporated into standard spectroscopy set-ups, being accessible to a number of researchers. In the second research chapter we report on the coherent interaction between photons and phonons mediated by quantum dot molecular excitons. Fano resonances occur between an indirect discrete state and the optical phonon band's continuum of states. This quantum interference is highly tunable with excitation energy and laser power and allows for the phonons to behave in a coherent and non-dissipative manner. This feature has led to rendering QDM optical transitions transparent and can alternately be used to amplify weak coupling channels. This finding, using phonons in a coherent manner, can lead to new technologies in the emerging field of phononics. In the third research chapter we report on optical charging of quantum dot molecules. The excited state spectra of the neutral and singly charged excitons in QDMs are being studied via photoluminescence excitation spectroscopy (PLE). We find an anti-correlated behavior of the resonances in the PLE spectra of different charge states, allowing for selective optical charging of the QDMs. The PLE spectra are analyzed across the regions of resonances between the indirect exciton and excited direct transitions of the low energy dot of the dot pair. The charging process seen in the excited state spectra of the trion and neutral exciton is explained by the competition between various transition rates at the resonance between the two charge states. These distinct resonances are examples of optical charging and de-charging process within the QDM. We present the experimental results and mathematical model describing this charging process.
Book Synopsis Quantum Dots by : Vasilios N. Stavrou
Download or read book Quantum Dots written by Vasilios N. Stavrou and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2015-09-17 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book Quantum Dots - Theory and Applications collects some new research results in the area of fundamental excitations, decoherence, charge states, epitaxial techniques and photoluminescence experiments related to devices made with quantum dots. This book is divided in two sections. First section includes the fundamental theories on excitons, trions, phase decoherence, and charge states, and the second section includes several applications of quantum dots.
Book Synopsis Semiconductor Quantum Dots by : Ladislaus Alexander Banyai
Download or read book Semiconductor Quantum Dots written by Ladislaus Alexander Banyai and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1993-05-28 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Semiconductor Quantum Dots presents an overview of the background and recent developments in the rapidly growing field of ultrasmall semiconductor microcrystallites, in which the carrier confinement is sufficiently strong to allow only quantized states of the electrons and holes. The main emphasis of this book is the theoretical analysis of the confinement induced modifications of the optical and electronic properties of quantum dots in comparison with extended materials. The book develops the theoretical background material for the analysis of carrier quantum-confinement effects, introduces the different confinement regimes for relative or center-of-mass motion quantization of the electron-hole-pairs, and gives an overview of the best approximation schemes for each regime. A detailed discussion of the carrier states in quantum dots is presented and surface polarization instabilities are analyzed, leading to the self-trapping of carriers near the surface of the dots. The influence of spin-orbit coupling on the quantum-confined carrier states is discussed. The linear and nonlinear optical properties of small and large quantum dots are studied in detail and the influence of the quantum-dot size distribution in many realistic samples is outlined. Phonons in quantum dots as well as the influence of external electric or magnetic fields are also discussed. Last but not least the recent developments dealing with regular systems of quantum dots are also reviewed. All things included, this is an important piece of work on semiconductor quantum dots not to be dismissed by serious researchers and physicists.
Book Synopsis Quantum Dots for Quantum Information Technologies by : Peter Michler
Download or read book Quantum Dots for Quantum Information Technologies written by Peter Michler and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-06-01 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book highlights the most recent developments in quantum dot spin physics and the generation of deterministic superior non-classical light states with quantum dots. In particular, it addresses single quantum dot spin manipulation, spin-photon entanglement and the generation of single-photon and entangled photon pair states with nearly ideal properties. The role of semiconductor microcavities, nanophotonic interfaces as well as quantum photonic integrated circuits is emphasized. The latest theoretical and experimental studies of phonon-dressed light matter interaction, single-dot lasing and resonance fluorescence in QD cavity systems are also provided. The book is written by the leading experts in the field.
Book Synopsis Physics of Semiconductors by : José Menéndez
Download or read book Physics of Semiconductors written by José Menéndez and published by AIP Conference Proceedings / M. This book was released on 2005 with total page 876 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Annotation All papers have been peer-reviewed. This is the most important conference in the field of semiconductor physics. It has been held biennially since 1951. The proceedings cover a wide range of topics, from fundamental structural, vibrational, and electronic properties to device applications. Special emphasis is given to areas of current interest such as nitride semiconductors, nanostructures, spintronics, and quantum computing. This volume is a fundamental reference for physicists, chemists, materials scientists, and electrical engineers.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Self Assembled Semiconductor Nanostructures for Novel Devices in Photonics and Electronics by : Mohamed Henini
Download or read book Handbook of Self Assembled Semiconductor Nanostructures for Novel Devices in Photonics and Electronics written by Mohamed Henini and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-07-28 with total page 862 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The self-assembled nanostructured materials described in this book offer a number of advantages over conventional material technologies in a wide range of sectors. World leaders in the field of self-organisation of nanostructures review the current status of research and development in the field, and give an account of the formation, properties, and self-organisation of semiconductor nanostructures. Chapters on structural, electronic and optical properties, and devices based on self-organised nanostructures are also included. Future research work on self-assembled nanostructures will connect diverse areas of material science, physics, chemistry, electronics and optoelectronics. This book will provide an excellent starting point for workers entering the field and a useful reference to the nanostructured materials research community. It will be useful to any scientist who is involved in nanotechnology and those wishing to gain a view of what is possible with modern fabrication technology. Mohamed Henini is a Professor of Applied Physics at the University of Nottingham. He has authored and co-authored over 750 papers in international journals and conference proceedings and is the founder of two international conferences. He is the Editor-in-Chief of Microelectronics Journal and has edited three previous Elsevier books. Contributors are world leaders in the field Brings together all the factors which are essential in self-organisation of quantum nanostructures Reviews the current status of research and development in self-organised nanostructured materials Provides a ready source of information on a wide range of topics Useful to any scientist who is involved in nanotechnology Excellent starting point for workers entering the field Serves as an excellent reference manual
Book Synopsis Proceedings of the 25th International Conference on the Physics of Semiconductors Part I by : Norio MIURA
Download or read book Proceedings of the 25th International Conference on the Physics of Semiconductors Part I written by Norio MIURA and published by Springer. This book was released on 2001-05-17 with total page 1036 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the proceedings of the most important and prestigious conference in the field of semiconductor physics, this book contains the latest information on the progress of semiconductor physics. Almost 1000 contributed papers address the full range of current topics. The special symposium deals with the interface between the fundamentals and device applications and tries to predict the developments in semiconductor physics, semiconductor materials and device applications in the 21st century. A wide range of contributions represent the forefront of academic and industrial research.
Book Synopsis Spins in Optically Active Quantum Dots by : Oliver Gywat
Download or read book Spins in Optically Active Quantum Dots written by Oliver Gywat and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-02-01 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Filling a gap in the literature, this up-to-date introduction to the field provides an overview of current experimental techniques, basic theoretical concepts, and sample fabrication methods. Following an introduction, this monograph deals with optically active quantum dots and their integration into electro-optical devices, before looking at the theory of quantum confined states and quantum dots interacting with the radiation field. Final chapters cover spin-spin interaction in quantum dots as well as spin and charge states, showing how to use single spins for break-through quantum computation. A conclusion and outlook round off the volume. The result is a primer providing the essential basic knowledge necessary for young researchers entering the field, as well as semiconductor and theoretical physicists, PhD students in physics and material sciences, electrical engineers and materials scientists.
Book Synopsis On the Interactions Between Charges, Phonons and Photons in Electric Field Tunable Quantum Dot Molecules by :
Download or read book On the Interactions Between Charges, Phonons and Photons in Electric Field Tunable Quantum Dot Molecules written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation focuses on the optical properties of single InAs/GaAs quantum dot molecules. A quantum dot molecule consists of a pair of quantum dots coupled by a nanometer scale tunneling barrier. Compared to single quantum dots, quantum dot molecules provide greatly enhanced versatility - with the ease of an electric field control, one gains broad flexibility to tune electronic energy levels and manipulate particle tunneling within a QDM. As a consequence, individual QDMs are being intensely studied as controllable interfaces of charge, spin and photonic quantum states at the single particle level. On the other hand, phonons - the quantized vibrations of the underlying crystal lattice - have mostly been left outside the realm of coherent control. In the domain of solid-state quantum technologies, the ubiquitous phonons are mainly considered for the limitations they impose. Omnipresent electron-phonon interactions and the predominantly dissipative nature of phonons are typically a major source of decoherence of the atom-like quantum states hosted by low-dimensional solid-state structures, such as QDMs. Here, we report experimental and theoretical results on the interactions between charges, photons and phonons in electric field tunable quantum dot molecules. Using an effective mass perturbation model, we compute the low energy biexciton states of a quantum dot molecule and apply them to provide a theoretical description of the dipole-dipole interaction between two excitons occupying separate dots in a quantum dot molecule. The expected properties of these so called dipolar states are presented, and we highlight their potential application as a switch for manipulating the transition energy and tunneling properties of the ground state neutral exciton. We then present results from a comprehensive investigation of the quantum confined Stark effect in quantum dot molecules, in which we studied the electric-field dependent energy shifts of exciton states as a function of the tunneling barrier width. Our experimental and computational results reveal that molecular wavefunction formation in quantum dot molecules strongly affects the quantum confined Stark effect, even as the dots are tuned far from resonance for particle tunneling. This dissertation culminates with our report of a novel mechanism by which phonons are made non-dissipative and coherent via electric field control and the optically driven formation of a molecular polaron in a quantum dot molecule. The coherent interaction of a single optical phonon with individual electronic states is revealed via a Fano-type quantum interference that produces a phonon-induced transparency in the optical absorption of individual quantum dot molecules. Experimentally, we find that the transparency is widely tunable by electronic and optical means, and provides a mechanism for amplifying weak coupling channels. This work is significant in that it demonstrates a specific mechanism by which typically incoherent and dissipative phonons are made to behave in a coherent and non-dissipative manner. As such, we demonstrate that phonons may enter the realm of mutual control of quantum states on the single particle level, which so far has been dominated by photons, electrons and spins.
Book Synopsis Japanese Journal of Applied Physics by :
Download or read book Japanese Journal of Applied Physics written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Quantum Dots written by Peter A. Ling and published by Nova Publishers. This book was released on 2005 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since first developed in the early sixties, silicon chip technology has made vast leaps forward. From a rudimentary circuit with a mere handful of transistors, the chip has evolved into a technological wonder, packing millions of bits of information on a surface no larger that a human thumbnail. And most experts predict that in the near future, we will see chips with over a billion bits. Quantum dots are small devices that contain a tiny droplet of free electrons. They are fabricated in semiconductor materials and have typical dimensions ranging from nanometres to a few microns. The size and shape of these structures and therefore the number of electrons they contain can be precisely controlled; a quantum dot can have anything from a single electron to a collection of several thousands. The physics of quantum dots shows many parallels with the behaviour of naturally occurring quantum systems in atomic and nuclear physics. As in an atom, the energy levels in a quantum dot become quantised due to the confinement of electrons. Unlike atoms however, quantum dots can be easily connected to electrodes and are therefore excellent tools for studying atomic-like properties. This new book brings together leading research from throughout the world in this field of the future which has become the field of today.
Book Synopsis Single Quantum Dots by : Peter Michler
Download or read book Single Quantum Dots written by Peter Michler and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2003-12-09 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Special focus is given to the optical and electronic properties of single quantum dots due to their potential applications in devices operating with single electrons and/or single photons. This includes quantum dots in electric and magnetic fields, cavity-quantum electrodynamics, nonclassical light generation, and coherent optical control of excitons.
