Contribution Of Semi Volatile Organic Material To Ambient Pm25

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CONTRIBUTION OF SEMI-VOLATILE ORGANIC MATERIAL TO AMBIENT PM2.5

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 8 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (684 download)

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Book Synopsis CONTRIBUTION OF SEMI-VOLATILE ORGANIC MATERIAL TO AMBIENT PM2.5 by :

Download or read book CONTRIBUTION OF SEMI-VOLATILE ORGANIC MATERIAL TO AMBIENT PM2.5 written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Both annual 24-h average and seasonal diurnal samples collected at NETL during the research program have been analyzed. The fine particulate components determined include PM{sub 2.5} mass, ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, elemental and organic carbonaceous material and trace elements. The analysis of the nitrate and organic material includes both the identification of nonvolatile material retained by the particle collection filter and semi-volatile material lost from the particles during sample collection. The results obtained in these analyses indicate that both the semivolatile and nonvolatile organic material in the fine particles sampled at the NETL site originate from mobile emissions in the local area. However, the majority of the nonvolatile material is associated with primary emissions and the majority of the semi-volatile material is secondary, being formed from photochemical processes in the atmosphere. In contrast, the fine particulate sulfate does not originate from the local area but is transported into the study region, mostly from sources in the Ohio River Valley. These observations have been supported by both detailed meteorological and apportionment analysis of the data.

Sources and Composition of Ambient Particulate Matter

Author : Manousos-Ioannis Manousakas
Publisher : MDPI
ISBN 13 : 303650995X
Total Pages : 246 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (365 download)

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Book Synopsis Sources and Composition of Ambient Particulate Matter by : Manousos-Ioannis Manousakas

Download or read book Sources and Composition of Ambient Particulate Matter written by Manousos-Ioannis Manousakas and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2021-09-10 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research related to ambient particulate matter (PM) remains very relevant today due to the adverse effects that PM have on human health. PM are pollutants with varying chemical compositions and may originate from multiple emission sources, which directly affects their toxicity. To formulate effective control and mitigation strategies, it is necessary to identify PM sources and to estimate their influence on ambient PM concentration, a process that is known as source apportionment (SA). Depending on the geographical location and characteristics of an area, many anthropogenic and natural sources may contribute to PM concentration levels, such as dust resuspension, sea salt, traffic, secondary aerosol formation, industrial emissions, ship emissions, biomass burning, power plant emissions, etc. Different methodological approaches have been used over the years to study the aforementioned topics, but some scientific challenges remain, mainly related to the following subjects: real-time chemical analysis and SA, uncertainty estimation of SA results, and analytical optimization for PM samples. Additionally, there are areas in the world for which the results regarding composition and sources of PM are still scarce. The objective of this collection was to include studies on all aspects of PM chemical characterization and source apportionment regarding the inorganic and/or organic fractions of PM.

Monitoring and Analysis of Semi-volatile Organic Compounds in Ambient Air

Author : Marina Nkhalong Ketsise
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 182 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (164 download)

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Book Synopsis Monitoring and Analysis of Semi-volatile Organic Compounds in Ambient Air by : Marina Nkhalong Ketsise

Download or read book Monitoring and Analysis of Semi-volatile Organic Compounds in Ambient Air written by Marina Nkhalong Ketsise and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Protocol for applying and validating the CMB model for PM2.5 and VOC

Author :
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1428904654
Total Pages : 173 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (289 download)

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Book Synopsis Protocol for applying and validating the CMB model for PM2.5 and VOC by :

Download or read book Protocol for applying and validating the CMB model for PM2.5 and VOC written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Volatile Organic Compounds in the Atmosphere

Author : Ronald E. Hester
Publisher : Royal Society of Chemistry
ISBN 13 : 9780854042159
Total Pages : 172 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (421 download)

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Book Synopsis Volatile Organic Compounds in the Atmosphere by : Ronald E. Hester

Download or read book Volatile Organic Compounds in the Atmosphere written by Ronald E. Hester and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 1995 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes techniques for the calculation of emissions inventories and strategies for control, and explores the many Government policy matters relating to these compounds. It gives readers in-depth coverage of the many issues involved.

Recovery of Semi-volatile Organic Compounds During Sample Preparation

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 32 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (727 download)

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Book Synopsis Recovery of Semi-volatile Organic Compounds During Sample Preparation by :

Download or read book Recovery of Semi-volatile Organic Compounds During Sample Preparation written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Semi-volatile compounds present special analytical challenges not met by conventional methods for analysis of ambient particulate matter (PM). Accurate quantification of PM-associated organic compounds requires validation of the laboratory procedures for recovery over a wide volatility and polarity range. To meet these challenges, solutions of n-alkanes (nC12 to nC40) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons PAHs (naphthalene to benzo[ghi]perylene) were reduced in volume from a solvent mixture (equal volumes of hexane, dichloromethane and methanol), to examine recovery after reduction in volume. When the extract solution volume reached 0.5 mL the solvent was entirely methanol, and the recovery averaged 60% for n-alkanes nC12 to nC25 and PAHs from naphthalene to chrysene. Recovery of higher MW compounds decreased with MW, because of their insolubility in methanol. When the walls of the flasks were washed with 1 mL of equal parts hexane and dichloromethane (to reconstruct the original solvent composition), the recovery of nC1 and higher MW compounds increased dramatically, up to 100% for nC22-nC32 and then slowly decreasing with MW due to insolubility. To examine recovery during extraction of the components of the High Capacity Integrated Gas and Particle Sampler, the same standards were used to spike its denuders and filters. For XAD-4 coated denuders and filters, normalized recovery was> 95% after two extractions. Recovery from spiked quartz filters matched the recovery from the coated surfaces for alkanes nC1 and larger, and for fluoranthene and larger PAHs. Lower MW compounds evaporated from the quartz filter with the spiking solvent. This careful approach allowed quantification of organics by correcting for volatility- and solubility-related sample preparation losses. This method is illustrated for an ambient sample collected with this sampler during the Texas Air Quality Study 2000.

Nanotechnology

Author : M. H. Fulekar
Publisher : I. K. International Pvt Ltd
ISBN 13 : 9380026986
Total Pages : 296 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (8 download)

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Book Synopsis Nanotechnology by : M. H. Fulekar

Download or read book Nanotechnology written by M. H. Fulekar and published by I. K. International Pvt Ltd. This book was released on 2010 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Highlights the latest developments and advances in the field of nanoscience and nanotechnology and their applications in the design and development of material science and devices, energy, drug delivery, cosmetics, biology, biotechnology, tissue engineering, bioinformatics, information technology, agriculture and food, environmental protection, health risk, ethics, and regulations.

Global Sources of Local Pollution

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309144019
Total Pages : 248 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Global Sources of Local Pollution by : National Research Council

Download or read book Global Sources of Local Pollution written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-02-15 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent advances in air pollution monitoring and modeling capabilities have made it possible to show that air pollution can be transported long distances and that adverse impacts of emitted pollutants cannot be confined to one country or even one continent. Pollutants from traffic, cooking stoves, and factories emitted half a world away can make the air we inhale today more hazardous for our health. The relative importance of this "imported" pollution is likely to increase, as emissions in developing countries grow, and air quality standards in industrial countries are tightened. Global Sources of Local Pollution examines the impact of the long-range transport of four key air pollutants (ozone, particulate matter, mercury, and persistent organic pollutants) on air quality and pollutant deposition in the United States. It also explores the environmental impacts of U.S. emissions on other parts of the world. The book recommends that the United States work with the international community to develop an integrated system for determining pollution sources and impacts and to design effective response strategies. This book will be useful to international, federal, state, and local policy makers responsible for understanding and managing air pollution and its impacts on human health and well-being.

Revising PM2.5 emissions from residential combustion, 2005–2019: Implications for air quality concentrations and trends

Author : Simpson, David
Publisher : Nordic Council of Ministers
ISBN 13 : 9289373571
Total Pages : 60 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (893 download)

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Book Synopsis Revising PM2.5 emissions from residential combustion, 2005–2019: Implications for air quality concentrations and trends by : Simpson, David

Download or read book Revising PM2.5 emissions from residential combustion, 2005–2019: Implications for air quality concentrations and trends written by Simpson, David and published by Nordic Council of Ministers. This book was released on 2022-08-31 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Available online: https://pub.norden.org/temanord2022-540/ Condensable primary organic aerosols are a class of compounds that are vapour phase at stack conditions, but which can undergo both condensation and evaporation as the stack air is cooled and diluted upon discharge into ambient air. In the current emission reporting to the Air Convention, some countries include, and some exclude such emissions in their inventories. In this study, new residential combustion emission estimates have been developed for the years 2005-2019, with improved and consistent estimation of condensable emissions. A series of modelling runs has shown that condensables can have significant effects on air quality, trends, and source-receptor relationships, but many scientific issues remain concerning their characteristics. However, these new emissions provide the best available basis for future improvements in both the emission inventories and model formulations.

Aerosols Handbook

Author : Lev S. Ruzer
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1439855102
Total Pages : 669 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (398 download)

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Book Synopsis Aerosols Handbook by : Lev S. Ruzer

Download or read book Aerosols Handbook written by Lev S. Ruzer and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-08-15 with total page 669 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the rapid growth of the nanotechnology industry, the need to understand the biological effects of aerosol exposure has become increasingly important. Featuring contributions by leading experts in the field, Aerosols Handbook: Measurement, Dosimetry, and Health Effects, Second Edition offers an up-to-date overview of many aspects of aerosols, from properties to health effects and epidemiology. Covering indoor, outdoor, industrial, medical, pharmaceutical, and radioactive aerosols, this book explores aerosol dosimetry by defining terms such as exposure and dose. In addition, it looks at nanometer particles, the mechanism of aerosol deposition in the lungs, and modeling deposition with a corresponding uncertainty in risk assessment. The text also emphasizes the importance of accurate aerosol measurements, particularly breathing zone exposure assessments. Examining radioactive aerosols, the book discusses lessons learned from nuclear accidents, radon and thoron, and long-lived radionuclides in the environment. It brings together research on both radioactive and nonradioactive aerosols, supplying readers with a more complete view of how aerosols behave in the lungs. New in This Edition Five new chapters that address the safety of nanomaterials, dealing with nanoparticle cell penetration, high aspect ratio nanomaterials, nanoaerosols in drug delivery, risk assessment, and health effects New chapters on atmospheric pollution related to climate change, chemical analyses of particle filter deposits, and classical nucleation theory New data on measurement, dosimetry, and health effects Updated throughout, this second edition continues to be an essential resource for those who study exposure, dosages, and toxicity to develop treatments for exposure, reduce air pollution, and establish better safety regulations, particularly in industries using nanotechnologies.

Intercomparison Program for Organic Speciation in Pm2. 5 Air Particulate Matter

Author : Michele Schantz
Publisher : Forgotten Books
ISBN 13 : 9780364781821
Total Pages : 254 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (818 download)

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Book Synopsis Intercomparison Program for Organic Speciation in Pm2. 5 Air Particulate Matter by : Michele Schantz

Download or read book Intercomparison Program for Organic Speciation in Pm2. 5 Air Particulate Matter written by Michele Schantz and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2018-03-17 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Intercomparison Program for Organic Speciation in Pm2. 5 Air Particulate Matter: Description and Results for Trial III Organic chemicals adsorbed to fine particulate matter (pm) in the ambient air account for a major component of the PM mass and include source tracers as well as toxic compounds that may contribute to adverse human health effects. A working group of PM investigators from the US Environmental Protection Agency (epa) Supersites and related research programs was established to improve the quality and comparability of data on the organic composition of aerosols. The working group is known as the pm2.s Organic Speciation Working Group and includes researchers involved in the epa PM Supersites and related sites, epa PM Research Centers, national laboratories and other research centers, as well as regional and state laboratories. The goal of the working group is to improve the characterization and quantification of organic compounds associated with fine PM through participation in interlaboratory comparison exercises and to provide input for the development of appropriate Standard Reference Materials (srms). Improvements in the quality of organic measurements will allow the comparison of organic species across geographic regions and will aid in source receptor modeling, in relating toxicity and health outcomes to specific organic species, and in assessing human exposure to specific organic species and sources. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Evaluation of PM2.5 speciation sampler performance and related sample collection and stability issues for U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, Emissions, Monitoring, and Analysis Division

Download Evaluation of PM2.5 speciation sampler performance and related sample collection and stability issues for U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, Emissions, Monitoring, and Analysis Division PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1428900810
Total Pages : 456 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (289 download)

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Book Synopsis Evaluation of PM2.5 speciation sampler performance and related sample collection and stability issues for U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, Emissions, Monitoring, and Analysis Division by :

Download or read book Evaluation of PM2.5 speciation sampler performance and related sample collection and stability issues for U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, Emissions, Monitoring, and Analysis Division written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Toxicity of Atmospheric Aerosols: Methodologies & Assays

Author : Fobang Liu
Publisher : American Chemical Society
ISBN 13 : 0841299811
Total Pages : 182 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (412 download)

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Book Synopsis Toxicity of Atmospheric Aerosols: Methodologies & Assays by : Fobang Liu

Download or read book Toxicity of Atmospheric Aerosols: Methodologies & Assays written by Fobang Liu and published by American Chemical Society. This book was released on 2023-06-06 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Atmospheric aerosols, or particulate matter (PM), are liquid or solid particles suspended in the air. Exposure to ambient PM is associated with multiple diseases and accounts for millions of premature deaths today. Although recognized as an important public health problem, PM’s toxicity and toxicological mechanisms are yet to be understood. Various methodologies and assays (i.e., procedures to determine the composition, quantity, or quality of a substance or a mixture) have been developed or employed to understand the components and characteristics of PM that best determine its toxicity. Efforts have also been spent to study the mechanisms of cellular signaling, stress, response, and physiological change, as well as complex multi-tissue effects upon PM exposure. These assays are diverse, spanning from in vitro acellular assays (i.e., chemical assays) to in vitro cellular and in vivo assays. Given that various methodologies and assays have been developed or employed, this digital primer aims to introduce the methodologies and fundamental principles used to study atmospheric aerosols’ toxicity and emerging new techniques. A comprehensive literature review of the scientific findings using these methodologies and assays is not the focus of this primer. The target audiences are senior undergraduates or beginning graduate students unfamiliar with aerosol science and toxicity measurements. An introductory overview of atmospheric aerosols and the motivations to study their toxicity before a detailed discussion of methodologies and assays in the toxicity research of atmospheric aerosols is provided. Beyond this, Toxicity of Atmospheric Aerosols: Methodologies & Assays serves as an assembly of the various methodologies and assays used in the toxicity research of atmospheric aerosols, saving readers time compared to searching from scattered resources.

Outdoor Air Pollution

Author : IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans
Publisher : IARC Monographs on the Evaluat
ISBN 13 : 9789283201472
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (14 download)

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Book Synopsis Outdoor Air Pollution by : IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans

Download or read book Outdoor Air Pollution written by IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans and published by IARC Monographs on the Evaluat. This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This publication represents the views and expert opinions of an IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk to Humans, which met in Lyon, 8-15 October 2013."

Air Quality Criteria for Particulate Matter

Author : National Center for Environmental Assessment (Research Triangle Park, N.C.)
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1100 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Air Quality Criteria for Particulate Matter by : National Center for Environmental Assessment (Research Triangle Park, N.C.)

Download or read book Air Quality Criteria for Particulate Matter written by National Center for Environmental Assessment (Research Triangle Park, N.C.) and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 1100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Environmental Health Perspectives

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1576 pages
Book Rating : 4.E/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Environmental Health Perspectives by :

Download or read book Environmental Health Perspectives written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 1576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Code of Federal Regulations

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 988 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (126 download)

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Book Synopsis Code of Federal Regulations by :

Download or read book Code of Federal Regulations written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 988 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Special edition of the Federal Register, containing a codification of documents of general applicability and future effect as of July 1, ... with ancillaries.