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Continuous Cover Forestry
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Book Synopsis Continuous Cover Forestry by : Timo Pukkala
Download or read book Continuous Cover Forestry written by Timo Pukkala and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-10-14 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although the majority of the world’s forest ecosystems are dominated by uneven-sized multi-species stands, forest management practice and theory has focused on the development of plantation monocultures to maximize the supply of timber at low cost. Societal expectations are changing, however, and uneven-aged multi-species ecosystems, selectively managed as Continuous Cover Forestry (CCF), are often believed to be superior to monocultures in addressing a wide range of expectations. This book presents methods which are relevant to CCF management and planning: analysing forest structures, silvicultural and planning, economic evaluation, based on examples in Europe, Asia, Africa and North and South America.
Book Synopsis Continuous Cover Forestry by : Timo Pukkala
Download or read book Continuous Cover Forestry written by Timo Pukkala and published by Springer. This book was released on 2011-10-15 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although the majority of the world’s forest ecosystems are dominated by uneven-sized multi-species stands, forest management practice and theory has focused on the development of plantation monocultures to maximize the supply of timber at low cost. Societal expectations are changing, however, and uneven-aged multi-species ecosystems, selectively managed as Continuous Cover Forestry (CCF), are often believed to be superior to monocultures in addressing a wide range of expectations. This book presents methods which are relevant to CCF management and planning: analysing forest structures, silvicultural and planning, economic evaluation, based on examples in Europe, Asia, Africa and North and South America.
Book Synopsis Managing Forest Ecosystems: The Challenge of Climate Change by : Felipe Bravo
Download or read book Managing Forest Ecosystems: The Challenge of Climate Change written by Felipe Bravo and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-05-20 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Climate changes, particularly warming trends, have been recorded around the globe. For many countries, these changes in climate have become evident through insect epidemics (e.g., Mountain Pine Beetle epidemic in Western Canada, bark beetle in secondary spruce forests in Central Europe), water shortages and intense forest fires in the Mediterranean countries (e.g., 2005 droughts in Spain), and unusual storm activities (e.g., the 2004 South-East Asia Tsunami). Climate changes are expected to impact vegetation as manifested by changes in vegetation extent, migration of species, tree species composition, growth rates, and mortality. The International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has included discussions on how forests may be impacted, and how they may be used to mitigate the impacts of changes in climate, to possibly slow the rate of change. This book provides current scientific information on the biological and economical impacts of climate changes in forest environments, as well as information on how forest management activities might mitigate these impacts, particularly through carbon sequestration. Case studies from a wide geographic range are presented. This information is beneficial to managers and researchers interested in climate change and impacts upon forest environments and economic activities. This volume, which forms part of Springer’s book series Managing Forest Ecosystems, presents state-of-the-art research results, visions and theories, as well as specific methods for sustainable forest management in changing climatic conditions.
Book Synopsis Climate Change and Insect Pests by : Christer Bjorkman
Download or read book Climate Change and Insect Pests written by Christer Bjorkman and published by CABI. This book was released on 2015-10-01 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Insects, being poikilothermic, are among the organisms that are most likely to respond to changes in climate, particularly increased temperatures. Range expansions into new areas, further north and to higher elevations, are already well documented, as are physiological and phenological responses. It is anticipated that the damage by insects will increase as a consequence of climate change, i.e. increasing temperatures primarily. However, the evidence in support of this common “belief” is sparse. Climate Change and Insect Pests sums up present knowledge regarding both agricultural and forest insect pests and climate change in order to identify future research directions.
Book Synopsis Forest Biometrics by : Michail Prodan
Download or read book Forest Biometrics written by Michail Prodan and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 461 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Forest Biometrics presents the methods of mathematical statistics and biometrics that are significant to forestry. This book explores other fields related to forestry, which are explained with the help of a large number of practical examples. Organized into 25 chapters, this book starts with an overview of the variety of data that play a significant role in forest management, including the age of trees, the damage caused by storms, the fluctuation of timber prices, bark beetle infestation, and timber volume. This text then examines the factors that are responsible for a random distribution of the values in biological experimentation. Other chapters consider the important advantages of sample surveys compared to complete enumerations, include cheaper samples, wider applicability, quick results, and greater accuracy. The final chapter deals with the factors to be considered in determining the best time for harvesting of timber. This book is a valuable resource for students, research project leaders, and practical workers.
Book Synopsis Transition Pathways towards Sustainability in Agriculture by : Lee-Ann Sutherland
Download or read book Transition Pathways towards Sustainability in Agriculture written by Lee-Ann Sutherland and published by CABI. This book was released on 2014-11-24 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on the research of an interdisciplinary team of sociologists, geographers and economists, this book focuses on understanding farming transitions in Europe. The book discusses the importance of understanding transition pathways towards sustainability using case studies from Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, France, Germany, Greece, Portugal and the United Kingdom. Assessing the utility of the multi-level perspective in transition theory for addressing contemporary issues, the book identifies future research needs and possible approaches, making this an essential read for researchers interested in issues of rural and agricultural change.
Book Synopsis Norway Spruce Conversion - Options and Consequences by : Heinrich Spiecker
Download or read book Norway Spruce Conversion - Options and Consequences written by Heinrich Spiecker and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Up to the end of the 19th century, many European forests suffered from devastation and soil deterioration, which caused fears of timber shortage. In order to counteract this possible shortage, many forest areas were reforested with coniferous tree species, especially Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst). Consequently, coniferous forests (often Norway spruce forests), consisting of trees of the same age, were established on many sites naturally dominated by broadleaves. As a result, damages caused by storm, snow, ice, drought, insects, fungi and possibly soil degradation seemed to occur more frequently in these secondary Norway spruce forests than in forests consisting of species better adapted to the ambient conditions. Conversion of Norway spruce stands may reduce these risks and upgrade biodiversity and the genetic potential of forests. As the economic results of forestry, future wood markets and various other goods and services that are provided to society by forest ecosystems, are affected by present and future decision-making, all aspects of conversion must be well understood. EFI's Regional Project Centre, CONFOREST, is continuously striving to improve implementation of conversion projects by consolidation of the expertise available in all forestry disciplines. This book comprises the findings in all conversion-related areas aiming to consider ecosystem needs while ensuring availability of silvicultural methods and operational feasibility of their implementation. Simultaneously, the cost-effectiveness of conversion scenarios is analysed by forestry economists. Since a change in public perception and ecological awareness may cause policy makers to either or not endorse further conversion efforts, input by experts in forestry politics is also provided.
Book Synopsis Multiaged Silviculture by : Kevin Laughlin O'Hara
Download or read book Multiaged Silviculture written by Kevin Laughlin O'Hara and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2014 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the latest scientific and management information on multiaged silviculture, an emerging strategy for managing forestry systems worldwide. Over recent decades, forest science and management have tended to emphasize plantation silviculture. Whilst this clearly meets our wood production needs, many of the world's forests need to be managed far less intensively and more flexibly in order to maintain their natural ecosystem functions together with the values inherent in those processes. Developing multiaged management strategies for these complex forest ecosystems represents a global challenge to successfully integrate available science with sustainable management practices. Multiaged Silviculture covers the ecology and dynamics of multiaged stands, the management operations associated with regeneration, tending, and stocking control, and the implications of this strategy on production, genetic diversity, and stand health. It is primarily aimed at graduate level students and researchers in the fields of forestry and silviculture, but will also be of relevance and use to all professional foresters and silviculturists.
Book Synopsis Continuous Cover Forestry by : Klaus von Gadow
Download or read book Continuous Cover Forestry written by Klaus von Gadow and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The large-scale application of new silvicultural systems has become a political reality in many parts of the world. This involves a gradual transformation of traditional silvicultural practice towards Continuous Cover Forestry, also known as near-natural forest management, favouring mixed uneven-aged stands, site-adapted tree species and selective harvesting. Selective harvesting systems have a long tradition. Specific CCF-related resource assessment, forecasting and sustainable harvest control techniques have been developed, but details about their use are not widely known. The objective of this volume is to present state-of-the-art research results and techniques relating to CCF management with an emphasis on systems engineering and modelling. Using a very simple classification based on the development of timber volume over age or time we may distinguish two types of sustainable forest management systems. Rotation forest management (RFM) systems, characterized by standard silvicultural treatments and repetitive cycles of clearfelling followed by planting; and continuous cover forestry (CCF) systems which are characterized by selective harvesting and natural regeneration, resulting in uneven-aged structures and frequently also in multi-species forests. The distinction is usually the result of decisions relating to the cost of timber harvesting, simplicity of management, or various intangible benefits. The oldest and most perfect examples of CCF systems are the so called plenter selection forests found in France, Switzerland, Slowenia and Germany. Today, CCF systems are encountered in various regions of Europe, North America and in some tropical and sub-tropical forests of South Africa, Asia and South America.
Download or read book Forest Economics written by Daowei Zhang and published by UBC Press. This book was released on 2011-09-15 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Forestry cannot be isolated from the forces that drive all economic activity. It involves using land, labour, and capital to produce goods and services from forests, while economics helps in understanding how this can be done in ways that will best meet the needs of people. Therefore, a firm grounding in economics is integral to sound forestry policies and practices. This book, a major revision and expansion of Peter H. Pearse’s 1990 classic, provides this grounding. Updated and enhanced with advanced empirical presentation of materials, it covers the basic economic principles and concepts and their application to modern forest management and policy issues. Forest Economics draws on the strengths of two of the field’s leading practitioners who have more than fifty years of combined experience in teaching forest economics in the United States and Canada. Its comprehensive and systematic analysis of forest issues makes it an indispensable resource for students and practitioners of forest management, natural resource conservation, and environmental studies.
Book Synopsis The Scottish Forestry Strategy by : Forestry Commission Scotland
Download or read book The Scottish Forestry Strategy written by Forestry Commission Scotland and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Forestry Principles And Applications by : A.J. Raj
Download or read book Forestry Principles And Applications written by A.J. Raj and published by Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2013-01-01 with total page 839 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook is written for undergraduates & postgraduates, university & college teachers, scientists and professional foresters. It offers a real-life introduction to the field of forestry and an interdisciplinary overview of the theory behind it. This textbook covers forestry in great depth and the real strength of the book lies in its focus on the context and applications of the field. Thanks to its wide scope, it not only serves as a useful introduction to the field but can also be used to understand how many other key forestry topics have changed in recent years as a consequence of the technology advancement. This textbook will significantly help the students for preparation of UPSC-Civil Service Exam, UPSC-Indian Forest Service Exam, ICFRE & ICAR Scientists/NET Exam, University Entrance Exam for admission to M.Sc. and Ph.D. programmes.
Book Synopsis Modelling Forest Development by : Klaus von Gadow
Download or read book Modelling Forest Development written by Klaus von Gadow and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2001-11-30 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The key to successful timber management is a proper understanding of growth processes, and one of the objectives of modelling forest development is to provide the tools that enable foresters to compare alternative silvicultural treatments. In a managed woodland, the most important periodic disturbances are the thinning operations, which are often carried out at regular intervals and which usually have a significant effect on the future evolution of the resource. Thus, a realistic model of forest development includes both natural growth and thinnings. One of the outstanding features of this book is its inclusion of thinning models at varying levels of resolution and consideration of differences in foresters' tree marking behaviour. Other interesting aspects include regional resource forecasting approaches, generalized stem taper functions, generalized diameter-height relations, new ways of describing and reproducing forest spatial structures, crown modelling and iterative competition modelling. Worked examples and code are provided where appropriate. The intended readership is graduate students.
Download or read book Forest Inventory written by Annika Kangas and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-02-19 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book has been developed as a forest inventory textbook for students and could also serve as a handbook for practical foresters. We have set out to keep the mathematics in the book at a fairly non-technical level, and therefore, although we deal with many issues that include highly sophisticated methodology, we try to present first and foremost the ideas behind them. For foresters who need more details, references are given to more advanced scientific papers and books in the fields of statistics and biometrics. Forest inventory books deal mostly with sampling and measurement issues, as found here in section I, but since forest inventories in many countries involve much more than this, we have also included material on forestry applications. Most applications nowadays involve remote sensing technology of some sort, so that section II deals mostly with the use of remote sensing material for this purpose. Section III deals with national inventories carried out in different parts of world, and section IV is an attempt to outline some future possibilities of forest inventory methodologies. The editors, Annika Kangas Professor of Forest Mensuration and Management, Department of Forest Resource Management, University of Helsinki. Matti Maltamo Professor of Forest Mensuration, Faculty of Forestry, University of Joensuu. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Book Synopsis Managing the Family Forest by : Gordon G. Mark
Download or read book Managing the Family Forest written by Gordon G. Mark and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Traditional Forest-Related Knowledge by : John A. Parrotta
Download or read book Traditional Forest-Related Knowledge written by John A. Parrotta and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-10-14 with total page 639 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exploring a topic of vital and ongoing importance, Traditional Forest Knowledge examines the history, current status and trends in the development and application of traditional forest knowledge by local and indigenous communities worldwide. It considers the interplay between traditional beliefs and practices and formal forest science and interrogates the often uneasy relationship between these different knowledge systems. The contents also highlight efforts to conserve and promote traditional forest management practices that balance the environmental, economic and social objectives of forest management. It places these efforts in the context of recent trends towards the devolution of forest management authority in many parts of the world. The book includes regional chapters covering North America, South America, Africa, Europe, Asia and the Australia-Pacific region. As well as relating the general factors mentioned above to these specific areas, these chapters cover issues of special regional significance, such as the importance of traditional knowledge and practices for food security, economic development and cultural identity. Other chapters examine topics ranging from key policy issues to the significant programs of regional and international organisations, and from research ethics and best practices for scientific study of traditional knowledge to the adaptation of traditional forest knowledge to climate change and globalisation.
Book Synopsis Principles and practice of forest landscape restoration : case studies from the drylands of Latin America by : Adrian C. Newton
Download or read book Principles and practice of forest landscape restoration : case studies from the drylands of Latin America written by Adrian C. Newton and published by IUCN. This book was released on 2011 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
