Contemporary Developments In Presidential Elections

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Contemporary Developments in Presidential Elections

Author : Kevin J. Coleman
Publisher : Createspace Independent Pub
ISBN 13 : 9781481041393
Total Pages : 58 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (413 download)

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Book Synopsis Contemporary Developments in Presidential Elections by : Kevin J. Coleman

Download or read book Contemporary Developments in Presidential Elections written by Kevin J. Coleman and published by Createspace Independent Pub. This book was released on 2012-11-18 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report considers contemporary developments in presidential elections. It emphasizes three topics chosen for their recurring importance and notable recent developments: (1) nominating procedures; (2) campaign finance; and (3) the electoral college. The report highlights significant developments in these areas, particularly for the 2008 and 2012 elections. It also provides background information about the presidential election process in general. Other CRS products cited throughout this report provide additional information about the topics introduced here. As the report notes, 2012 was expected to be a noteworthy election cycle for several reasons. Some are extensions of developments that started in 2008 or before, while others are more recent. Key themes discussed in this report include the following: In recent years, the two major political parties have made efforts to control the “front-loading” phenomenon, the tendency for states to vie to be first or among the first to hold caucuses or primary elections to select presidential nominees. As the result of inter-party cooperation following the 2008 election, front-loading was significantly reduced for 2012; Among Republicans, the winner-take-all method that had been widely used was replaced with a proportional system for contests before April 1, although strict proportional allocation was not mandated. With an open race for the Republican nomination, the pace of primaries and caucuses and the new allocation rule were expected to have an unpredictable effect. In the end, the changes prolonged the contest in comparison to recent previous contests; Significant changes in campaign finance law shaped campaign finance in the 2012 election cycle, largely as a result of the 2010 Supreme Court decision in Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission. In the aftermath of Citizens United, presidential candidates may face additional pressure to raise funds to be able to compete against their opponents and outside groups, particularly new organizations called “super PACs;” One of the most notable campaign finance developments in recent elections is the decline of the public financing system for presidential candidates. The 2012 cycle marked the first since the public financing program's inception that no major candidate accepted public funds; After decades of congressional inactivity, state-level initiatives to reform the electoral college were actively considered in 2012. Among these were proposals to establish the district system of awarding electoral votes in Pennsylvania and Wisconsin and further discussion of the National Popular Vote initiative (NPV). NPV seeks to implement direct popular election of the President and Vice President through an interstate compact, rather than by constitutional Amendment; Various states have considered or are considering changes to their participation in the electoral college. Moreover, a nongovernmental organization, the National Popular Vote (NPV) campaign, has proposed an interstate compact that would achieve direct election without a constitutional amendment.

Proposals for Presidential Election Reform

Author : Maureen Stone
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781634829342
Total Pages : 128 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (293 download)

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Book Synopsis Proposals for Presidential Election Reform by : Maureen Stone

Download or read book Proposals for Presidential Election Reform written by Maureen Stone and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The National Popular Vote (NPV) initiative proposes an agreement among the states, an interstate compact that would effectively achieve direct popular election of the President and Vice President without a constitutional amendment. This book monitors the NPV's progress in the states and identifies and provides an analysis of further developments as warranted. When Americans vote for President and Vice President, they are actually choosing presidential electors, known collectively as the Electoral College. It is these officials who choose the President and Vice President of the United States. The complex elements comprising the Electoral College system are responsible for one of the most important processes of the American political and constitutional system: election of the President and Vice President. A failure to elect, or worse, the choice of a chief executive whose legitimacy might be open to question, could precipitate a profound constitutional crisis that would require prompt, judicious, and well-informed action by Congress. This book discusses the contemporary issues for Congress and how the Electoral College works in contemporary presidential elections.

Electoral College Reform

Author : Congressional Research Congressional Research Service
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN 13 : 9781505589177
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (891 download)

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Book Synopsis Electoral College Reform by : Congressional Research Congressional Research Service

Download or read book Electoral College Reform written by Congressional Research Congressional Research Service and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2014-12-12 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The electoral college method of electing the President and Vice President was established in Article II, Section 1 of the Constitution, as revised by the Twelfth Amendment. It provides for election of the President and Vice President by electors who are themselves elected by the voters. A majority of 270 of 538 electoral votes is necessary to win. For further information on the electoral college system's operations, see CRS Report RL32611, The Electoral College: How It Works in Contemporary Presidential Elections, by Thomas H. Neale. The electoral college has been the subject of reform proposals since 1800. Constitutional and structural criticisms have centered on several of its features: it is not fully democratic, providing indirect election of the President; it can lead to the election of candidates who win the electoral college but fewer popular votes than their opponents or to contingent election in Congress if no candidate wins an electoral college majority; it results in electoral vote under- and over-representation between censuses; and that "faithless" electors can vote against the people's express choice. Legislative and political criticisms include the general ticket system, currently used in all states except Maine and Nebraska, which is said to disenfranchise voters who prefer the losing candidates in the states; various asserted "biases" that are alleged to favor different states and groups; and the electoral college "lock," which was once claimed to provide an advantage to Republican candidates, but is now said to favor Democrats. Electoral college reform options include the following: end it, mend it, or leave it alone. Proposals to end the electoral college almost always propose direct popular election, with the candidates winning the most popular votes nationwide elected. Almost all reform proposals would eliminate electors and award electoral votes directly by one of several methods: the general ticket system; the district system that awards electoral votes on a congressional-district and statewide-vote basis; and the proportional system that awards state electoral votes in proportion to the percentage of popular votes gained by each candidate. Despite more than 30 years of legislative activity from the 1940s through the late 1970s, proposed amendments never managed to win the constitutionally required two-thirds vote in both houses of Congress. Since 2004, some of the reforms identified above have been attempted in the states. District plan initiatives have been offered in California, Pennsylvania, Michigan, Virginia, and Wisconsin. Proportional plans have been proposed in Colorado and Pennsylvania. Nebraska has considered returning to the general ticket system. None of these, however, has been enacted to date.

Electoral College Reform

Author : Thomas H. Neale
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1437925693
Total Pages : 34 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (379 download)

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Book Synopsis Electoral College Reform by : Thomas H. Neale

Download or read book Electoral College Reform written by Thomas H. Neale and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2010-11 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contents: (1) Intro.; (2) Competing Approaches: Direct Popular Election v. Electoral College Reform; (3) Direct Popular Election: Pro and Con; (4) Electoral College Reform: Pro and Con; (5) Electoral College Amendments Proposed in the 111th Congress; (6) Contemporary Activity in the States; (7) 2004: Colorado Amendment 36; (8) 2007-2008: The Presidential Reform Act (California Counts); (9) 2006-Present: National Popular Vote -- Direct Popular Election Through an Interstate Compact; Origins; The Plan; National Popular Vote, Inc.; Action in the State Legislatures; States That Have Approved NPV; National Popular Vote; (10) Prospects for Change -- An Analysis; (11) State Action -- A Viable Reform Alternative?; (12) Concluding Observations.

Issues And Elections

Author : Euel W Elliott
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 0429713460
Total Pages : 132 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (297 download)

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Book Synopsis Issues And Elections by : Euel W Elliott

Download or read book Issues And Elections written by Euel W Elliott and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-11-28 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume attempts to determine the impact of issues on the voting of individuals and the election outcomes in presidential races, 1972 to the present. The author investigates the areas of Vietnam, unemployment, inflation, crime and the budget deficit when looking at how individuals see issue as important and then looks at the difference between the parties in terms of their ability to handle the issue.

The 1960 Presidential Election as the First Modern Campaign

Author : Lioba Frings
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3668465851
Total Pages : 9 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (684 download)

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Book Synopsis The 1960 Presidential Election as the First Modern Campaign by : Lioba Frings

Download or read book The 1960 Presidential Election as the First Modern Campaign written by Lioba Frings and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2017-06-19 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essay from the year 2015 in the subject American Studies - Miscellaneous, grade: 2,5, Swansea University, language: English, abstract: The 1960 presidential election was in many ways different from the elections in previous decades. These immense changes regarding the general approach, the content and the use of media during the campaign and elections as well as the shift in focusing on image rather than on content seem to make this campaign the first modern one. Alongside changes in the Constitution of the United States of America whereby the Twenty-second Amendment, ratified in 1951, prohibited the president of the previous two terms Dwight D. Eisenhower “from running for a third term” the major innovation was the use of television as the predominant mass medium in John F. Kennedy’s successful presidential campaign, less in the one of Richard Nixon, who rather focused on classic strategies, which will be discussed later on. With the two major presidential candidates debating on television and being broadcasted also via radio this election can surely be described as the first modern campaign for an election in the United States.

The Electoral College

Author : Thomas Neale
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN 13 : 9781481063708
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (637 download)

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Book Synopsis The Electoral College by : Thomas Neale

Download or read book The Electoral College written by Thomas Neale and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2012-11-21 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When Americans vote for President and Vice President, they are actually choosing presidential electors, known collectively as the electoral college. It is these officials who choose the President and Vice President of the United States. The complex elements comprising the electoral college system are responsible for one of the most important processes of the American political and constitutional system: election of the President and Vice President. A failure to elect, or worse, the choice of a chief executive whose legitimacy might be open to question, could precipitate a profound constitutional crisis that would require prompt, judicious, and well-informed action by Congress. Article II, Section 1 of the Constitution, as amended in 1804 by the 12th Amendment, sets forth the requirements for election of the President and Vice President. It authorizes each state to appoint, by whatever means the legislature chooses, a number of electors equal to the combined total of its Senate and House of Representatives delegations, for a contemporary total of 538, including three electors for the District of Columbia. Since the Civil War, the states have universally provided for popular election of the presidential electors. Anyone may serve as an elector, except Members of Congress and persons holding offices of "Trust or Profit" under the Constitution. In each presidential election year, the political parties and other groups that have secured a place on the ballot in each state nominate a "slate" or "ticket" of candidates for elector. When voters cast a single vote for their favored candidates on general election day, Tuesday after the first Monday in November (November 6 in 2012), they are actually voting for the slate of electors pledged to those candidates. The entire slate of electors winning the most popular votes in the state is elected, a practice known as winner-take-all, or the general ticket system. Maine and Nebraska use an alternative method, the district plan, which awards two electors to the popular vote winners statewide, and one to the popular vote winners in each congressional district. Electors assemble in their respective states on the Monday after the second Wednesday in December (December 17 in 2012). They are expected to vote for the candidates they represent. Separate ballots are cast for President and Vice President, after which the electoral college ceases to exist until the next presidential election. State electoral vote results are reported to Congress and are counted and declared at a joint session of Congress, usually held on January 6 of the year succeeding the election, a date that may be altered by legislation. Since January 6 falls on a Sunday in 2013, Congress will likely set another date for the joint session in 2013, possibly January 8. A majority of electoral votes (currently 270 of 538) is required to win, but the results submitted by any state are open to challenge at the joint session, as provided by law. Past proposals for change by constitutional amendment have included various reform options and direct popular election, which would eliminate the electoral college system, but no substantive action on this issue has been taken in Congress for more than 20 years. At present, however, a non-governmental organization, the National Popular Vote (NPV) campaign, proposes to reform the electoral college by action taken at the state level; eight states and the District of Columbia have approved the NPV compact to date.

Presidential Elections and Majority Rule

Author : Edward B. Foley
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0190060158
Total Pages : 257 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Presidential Elections and Majority Rule by : Edward B. Foley

Download or read book Presidential Elections and Majority Rule written by Edward B. Foley and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2020 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In his latest book, Presidential Elections and Majority Rule, Edward Foley asks how the American electoral system can better represent the people. What kind of winner truly reflects the nation's votes: the plurality winners of winner-takes-all elections, as currently used, or the majority-preferred winners of a reformed system? How do third-party candidates affect American presidential elections? What, if anything, would change in a two-candidate run-off?And how can electoral reform be implemented without sowing chaos? Ultimately, Foley outlines a solution in which the Electoral College can be restored to its original majoritarian ideals through state law rather than Constitutional amendment.

Presidents and Assemblies

Author : Matthew Soberg Shugart
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521429900
Total Pages : 334 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (299 download)

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Book Synopsis Presidents and Assemblies by : Matthew Soberg Shugart

Download or read book Presidents and Assemblies written by Matthew Soberg Shugart and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1992-08-28 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years renewed attention has been directed to the importance of the role of institutional design in democratic politics. Particular interest has concerned constitutional design and the relative merits of parliamentary versus presidential systems. In this book, the authors systematically assess the strengths and weaknesses of various forms of presidential systems, drawing on recent developments in the theoretical literature about institutional design and electoral rules. They develop a typology of democratic regimes structured around the separation of powers principle, including two hybrid forms, the premier-presidential and president-parliamentary systems, and they evaluate a number of alternative ways of balancing powers between the branches within these basic frameworks. They also demonstrate that electoral rules are critically important in determining how political authority is exercised.

Too Young to Run?

Author : John Seery
Publisher : Penn State Press
ISBN 13 : 0271056800
Total Pages : 202 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (71 download)

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Book Synopsis Too Young to Run? by : John Seery

Download or read book Too Young to Run? written by John Seery and published by Penn State Press. This book was released on 2015-09-10 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Under the Constitution of the United States, those with political ambitions who aspire to serve in the federal government must be at least twenty-five to qualify for membership in the House of Representatives, thirty to run for the Senate, and thirty-five to become president. What is the justification for these age thresholds, and is it time to consider changing them? In this provocative and lively book, John Seery presents the case for a constitutional amendment to lower the age barrier to eighteen, the same age at which citizens become eligible to vote. He divides his argument into three sections. In a historical chapter, he traces the way in which the age qualifications became incorporated in the Constitution in the first place. In a theoretical chapter, he analyzes the normative arguments for office eligibility as a democratic right and liberty. And in a political chapter, he ruminates about the real-world consequences of passing such an amendment and the prospects for its passage. Finally, in a postscript, he argues that younger citizens in particular ought to be exposed to this fundamental issue in civics.

American Reboot

Author : Will Hurd
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
ISBN 13 : 1982160772
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (821 download)

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Book Synopsis American Reboot by : Will Hurd

Download or read book American Reboot written by Will Hurd and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2023-03-14 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From former US Congressman and CIA Officer Will Hurd, a “how-to guide with a prescription for getting the nation on the right footing” (Politico) and “a clarion call for a major political pivot” (San Antonio Report) rooted in the timeless ideals of bipartisanship, inclusivity, and democratic values. “Hurd has the biography and the charisma and the God-given political chops to put the Republican Party—and the rest of the country—on notice.” —THE ATLANTIC It’s getting harder to get big things done in America. The gears of our democracy have been mucked up by political nonsense. To meet the era-defining challenges of the 21st century, our country needs a reboot. In American Reboot, Hurd, called “the future of the GOP” by Politico, provides a “detailed blueprint” (Robert M. Gates, Secretary of Defense, 2006–2011) for America grounded by what Hurd calls pragmatic idealism—a concept forged from enduring American values to achieve what is actually achievable. Hurd takes on five seismic problems facing a country in crisis: the Republican Party’s failure to present a principled vision for the future; the lack of honest leadership in Washington, DC; income inequality that threatens the livelihood of millions of Americans; US economic and military dominance that is no longer guaranteed; and how technological change in the next thirty years will make the advancements of the last thirty years look trivial. Hurd has seen these challenges up close. A child of interracial parents in South Texas, Hurd survived the back alleys of dangerous places as a CIA officer. He carried that experience into three terms in Congress, where he was, for a time, the House’s only Black Republican, representing a seventy-one percent Latino swing district in Texas that runs along 820 miles of the US-Mexico border. As a cyber security executive and innovation crusader, Hurd has worked with entrepreneurs on the cutting edge of technology to anticipate the shockwaves of the future. Hurd, who the Houston Chronicles calls “a refreshing contract to the panderers, petty demagogues, and political provocateurs who reign these days,” draws on his remarkable experience to present “a call to Americans to consider the most contentious issues of our times more holistically” (The Atlantic). He outlines how the Republican party can look like America by appealing to the middle, not the edges. He maps out how leaders should inspire rather than fearmonger. He forges a domestic policy based on the idea that prosperity should be a product of empowering people, not the government. He articulates a foreign policy where our enemies fear us and our friends love us. And lastly, he charts a forceful path forward for America’s technological future. We all know we can do better. It’s time to hit “ctrl alt del” and start the American Reboot.

The Runner-Up Presidency

Author : Mark Weston
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 149302258X
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis The Runner-Up Presidency by : Mark Weston

Download or read book The Runner-Up Presidency written by Mark Weston and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2016-03-01 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An entertaining and important account of presidential elections in which the winner of the popular vote lost or came all too close to losing, focusing on the Constitutional Convention in 1787, the disputed elections of 1876 and 2000, the deadlocks of 1800 and 1824 (when the elections were thrown to the House of Representatives) and the close call during the tumultuous year of 1968. Author and historian Mark Weston explains how electoral votes emerged as a compromise between the free states and slave states at the Constitutional Convention, how they were inspired by an unusual method of counting votes in ancient Rome, and how this system played out in six presidential elections that shake our faith in American democracy. The Runner-Up Presidency combines an in-depth political and numerical analysis of America’s electoral system with rich narratives of our six strangest elections. .

Presidential Elections in the United States

Author : Kevin J. Coleman
Publisher : Nova Publishers
ISBN 13 : 9781560729815
Total Pages : 122 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (298 download)

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Book Synopsis Presidential Elections in the United States by : Kevin J. Coleman

Download or read book Presidential Elections in the United States written by Kevin J. Coleman and published by Nova Publishers. This book was released on 2001 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report describes the four stages of the presidential election process: the pre-nomination primaries and caucuses for selecting delegates to the national conventions; the national nominating conventions; the general election; and voting by members of the electoral college to choose the President and Vice President. The report will be updated again for the 2004 presidential election.

The Making of the President, 1960

Author : Theodore Harold White
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 422 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The Making of the President, 1960 by : Theodore Harold White

Download or read book The Making of the President, 1960 written by Theodore Harold White and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The 2020 Presidential Election in the South

Author : Scott E. Buchanan
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 1793646708
Total Pages : 341 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (936 download)

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Book Synopsis The 2020 Presidential Election in the South by : Scott E. Buchanan

Download or read book The 2020 Presidential Election in the South written by Scott E. Buchanan and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2021-09-21 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 2020 Presidential Election in the South details how the 2020 presidential election developed in the twelve states of the South. This edited volume features preeminent scholars of Southern politics who analyze the momentous Election of 2020. In addition to chapters organized by state, this volume also focuses upon the issues that drove southern voters, the nominations process in early 2020, as well as a chapter focusing on where the region may be headed politically in the next decade. In addition, each state chapter includes analysis on notable congressional races and important patterns at the state level. The authors also provide keen insight into the ever-changing political patterns in the region. Since the South continues to evolve in terms of politics and demographic shifts, this book will be an important tool for academics. However, the book will also enlighten journalists and political enthusiasts seeking a deeper understanding of contemporary changes in Southern electoral politics.

Presidential Power and the Modern Presidents

Author : Richard E. Neustadt
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
ISBN 13 : 0029227968
Total Pages : 404 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (292 download)

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Book Synopsis Presidential Power and the Modern Presidents by : Richard E. Neustadt

Download or read book Presidential Power and the Modern Presidents written by Richard E. Neustadt and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 1991-03 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a revised edition of Presidential power, 1980, which was originally published by Wiley in 1960. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR

Why Elections Fail

Author : Pippa Norris
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1316368440
Total Pages : 267 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (163 download)

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Book Synopsis Why Elections Fail by : Pippa Norris

Download or read book Why Elections Fail written by Pippa Norris and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-07-08 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Too often, elections around the globe are, unfortunately, deeply flawed or even fail. What triggers these problems? In this second volume of her trilogy on electoral integrity, Pippa Norris compares structural, international, and institutional accounts as alternative perspectives to explain why elections fail to meet international standards. The book argues that rules preventing political actors from manipulating electoral governance are needed to secure integrity, although at the same time officials also need sufficient resources and capacities to manage elections effectively. Drawing on new evidence, the study determines the most effective types of strategies for strengthening the quality of electoral governance around the world. With a global perspective, this book provides fresh insights into these major issues at the heart of the study of elections and voting behavior, comparative politics, democracy and democratization, political culture, democratic governance, public policymaking, development, international relations and conflict studies, and processes of regime change.