Computer Simulation Of White Pine Blister Rust Epidemics

Author : Geral I. McDonald
Publisher : Forgotten Books
ISBN 13 : 9781391170749
Total Pages : 146 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (77 download)

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Download or read book Computer Simulation of White Pine Blister Rust Epidemics, Vol. 1 written by Geral I. McDonald and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2018-08-09 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Computer Simulation of White Pine Blister Rust Epidemics, Vol. 1: Model Formulation The fungus produces fusiform swellings and cankers on the branches and stems of susceptible trees. The cankers grow parallel (up and down) with the stems and branches at a rate of about 5-13 cm each way each year. The growth around the stem is about 3 cm each way each year, making the stem encirclement rate about 6 cm per year. Factors such as site, genotype of the host, and genotype of the rust may cause variation in the encirclement rate. Thus, the time needed to produce a canker that girdles a stem varies with the growth rate of the tree, growth rate of the rust, the diameter of the tree at the point that the fungus reached the stem, and possibly other genetic and environmental factors. This period can vary from a few weeks on small seedlings to 40 years or more on mature trees. After trees are girdled (even seedlings) it takes 3 to 10 years for the tree to die. In many cases, trees do not die entirely. Tops are lost; branches die; and growth slows down as a result. But, it can be generally said that there is little effect on growth until shortly before death. Heavy infection can cause defoliation of Ribes plants, but, in most areas in most years, the infection is not of sufficient magnitude to cause obvious damage to the Ribes population. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.