Conflicts in CMEA (Council for Mutual Economic Assistance) Science and Technology Integration Policy

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 11 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (227 download)

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Book Synopsis Conflicts in CMEA (Council for Mutual Economic Assistance) Science and Technology Integration Policy by :

Download or read book Conflicts in CMEA (Council for Mutual Economic Assistance) Science and Technology Integration Policy written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Soviet leadership has set a course of increased integration as a means to increase the capacity of the country-members of The Council for Mutual Economics Assistance (CMEA) to generate substitutes for Western high technology imports. This has been given form in The Comprehensive Program for the Scientific and Technological Progress of the CMEA Member Countries Through the Year 2000, adopted in December 1985. The program is intended to address the shortcomings of earlier attempts at science and technology policy integration in CMEA. The Soviets suggest that the current program differs from its predecessors in the stress laid on the interconnections between the various research tasks. Rather than merely laying out an agenda of discrete development projects, the goal is to achieve systematic integration between tasks leading to advances in broadly defined major areas of leading technology. The code phrase most distinguishing the program is direct links. It connotes direct economic ties between specific production and science-production associations, enterprises, and research and design bureaux on a bilateral and multilateral basis, rather than coordinating their interactions through ministerial level bodies. It also covers the establishment of new, joint venture entities specifically established to carry forward tasks under the program. This article explores conflicts inherent in the mechanisms of CMEA and in the relations between member states which could explain the slow process of implementation. (KR).

Comprehensive Programme for Scientific and Technological Progress of the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance Member Countries Up to the Year 2000

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (825 download)

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Book Synopsis Comprehensive Programme for Scientific and Technological Progress of the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance Member Countries Up to the Year 2000 by :

Download or read book Comprehensive Programme for Scientific and Technological Progress of the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance Member Countries Up to the Year 2000 written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 1 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Comecon

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Publisher : Transaction Publishers
ISBN 13 : 9781560000808
Total Pages : 268 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (8 download)

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Book Synopsis Comecon by : J. J. Brine

Download or read book Comecon written by J. J. Brine and published by Transaction Publishers. This book was released on 1992 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comecon, or the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance, was founded by Joseph Stalin in 1949 to counteract the Marshall Plan and reinforce the bonds between the Soviet Union and the "people's democracies" of Eastern Europe. Other Soviet Bloc nations later joined "Comecon, "and for forty years it dominated the trade policies of the Soviet Bloc and profoundly influenced their domestic economic development and relations with the West. "Comecon "collapsed in 1991 after the countries of Eastern Europe rejected communism. It was often compared with the (West European) Common Market, but differed vastly in its aims, structure, powers, and activities. Its influence is a critical factor in assessing both the economic failures of the Soviet Bloc and the problems facing former member states as they make the transition to free-market economies. This detailed, annotated bibliography is an essential guide to the extensive English-language literature about "Comecon "from its founding until its demise. Chapters cover "Comecon's "history, structure, and law; socialist economic integration; the organization's arrangements for international trade and finance; environment, natural resources, and energy; labor; industry and agriculture; science and technology. "Comecon, "like the rest of the Soviet Bloc, collapsed suddenly, but its legacy will color international relations and worldwide economic issues for years to come. An understanding of its institutions, mechanisms, and policies remains vital hi appreciating the economic organization of the former Soviet empire. This bibliography will therefore be indispensable to policymakers, economists, historians, and political scientists.

The External Relations of the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance

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Publisher : Martinus Nijhoff Publishers
ISBN 13 : 9004641149
Total Pages : 273 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (46 download)

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Book Synopsis The External Relations of the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance by : Bloed

Download or read book The External Relations of the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance written by Bloed and published by Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. This book was released on 2023-10-20 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Scientific and Technological Progress and Co-operation of the CMEA Member Countries in the Area of Inventive Acts

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 42 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Scientific and Technological Progress and Co-operation of the CMEA Member Countries in the Area of Inventive Acts by : S. Simanovskiĭ

Download or read book Scientific and Technological Progress and Co-operation of the CMEA Member Countries in the Area of Inventive Acts written by S. Simanovskiĭ and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Global Trends 2040

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Publisher : Cosimo Reports
ISBN 13 : 9781646794973
Total Pages : 158 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (949 download)

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Book Synopsis Global Trends 2040 by : National Intelligence Council

Download or read book Global Trends 2040 written by National Intelligence Council and published by Cosimo Reports. This book was released on 2021-03 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic marks the most significant, singular global disruption since World War II, with health, economic, political, and security implications that will ripple for years to come." -Global Trends 2040 (2021) Global Trends 2040-A More Contested World (2021), released by the US National Intelligence Council, is the latest report in its series of reports starting in 1997 about megatrends and the world's future. This report, strongly influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic, paints a bleak picture of the future and describes a contested, fragmented and turbulent world. It specifically discusses the four main trends that will shape tomorrow's world: - Demographics-by 2040, 1.4 billion people will be added mostly in Africa and South Asia. - Economics-increased government debt and concentrated economic power will escalate problems for the poor and middleclass. - Climate-a hotter world will increase water, food, and health insecurity. - Technology-the emergence of new technologies could both solve and cause problems for human life. Students of trends, policymakers, entrepreneurs, academics, journalists and anyone eager for a glimpse into the next decades, will find this report, with colored graphs, essential reading.

Measuring International Authority

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Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0192536028
Total Pages : 748 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (925 download)

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Book Synopsis Measuring International Authority by : Liesbet Hooghe

Download or read book Measuring International Authority written by Liesbet Hooghe and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017-08-24 with total page 748 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the third of five ambitious volumes theorizing the structure of governance above and below the central state. This book is written for those interested in the character, causes, and consequences of governance within the state. This book sets out a measure of authority for seventy-six international organizations (IOs) from 1950, or the time of their establishment, to 2010 which can allow researchers to test expectations about the character, sources, and consequences of international governance. The international organizations considered are regional (e.g. the EU, Andean Community, NAFTA), cross-regional (e.g. Commonwealth of Nations, the Organization of Islamic Cooperation), and global (e.g. the UN, World Bank, WTO). Firstly, the book introduces carefully constructed estimates for the scope and depth of authority exercised by international governments. The estimates are unique in their comparative scope, their specificity, and time span. Secondly, it describes describe broad trends in IO authority by comparing delegation and pooling, over time, across IOs, and across decision areas. Thirdly, it presents the evidence gathered by the authors to estimate international authority by carefully discussing forty-seven international organizations, and showing how their bodies are composed, what decisions each body makes, and how they make decisions. Transformations in Governance is a major new academic book series from Oxford University Press. It is designed to accommodate the impressive growth of research in comparative politics, international relations, public policy, federalism, environmental and urban studies concerned with the dispersion of authority from central states up to supranational institutions, down to subnational governments, and side-ways to public-private networks. It brings together work that significantly advances our understanding of the organization, causes, and consequences of multilevel and complex governance. The series is selective, containing annually a small number of books of exceptionally high quality by leading and emerging scholars. The series targets mainly single-authored or co-authored work, but it is pluralistic in terms of disciplinary specialization, research design, method, and geographical scope. Case studies as well as comparative studies, historical as well as contemporary studies, and studies with a national, regional, or international focus are all central to its aims. Authors use qualitative, quantitative, formal modeling, or mixed methods. A trade mark of the books is that they combine scholarly rigour with readable prose and an attractive production style. The series is edited by Liesbet Hooghe and Gary Marks of the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, and Walter Mattli of the University of Oxford.

CMEA Economic Cooperation

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 112 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (555 download)

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Book Synopsis CMEA Economic Cooperation by :

Download or read book CMEA Economic Cooperation written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Status of Civil Science in Eastern Europe

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400909713
Total Pages : 374 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis The Status of Civil Science in Eastern Europe by : Craig Sinclair

Download or read book The Status of Civil Science in Eastern Europe written by Craig Sinclair and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The NATO Science Programme, under the direction of the Science Com mittee, mounted in September 1986 a successful meeting which examined the structure and outputs of civil science in the Soviet Union. As a topical sectoral examination of the evolutionary state of the Soviet Union under those in separable and elusive twins, 'perestroyka' and 'glasnost', it was successful in providing the basis for assessments of the likely future role of Soviet scientists in the world scene. Such meetings are infrequent events in the Programme calendar; the Science Programme has concentrated for thirty years almost exclusively on supporting scientific mobility in the Alliance countries. This it does, essentially, through the funding under competitive conditions, of fellow ships, exchanges and meetings of researchers. Such activities are a response to unsolicited scientific demand from the Alliance R&D community which sees mobility as an essential part of scientific dissemination (rather lacking it would appear from the following accounts in the Eastern European countries). The Committee, however, does like to act upon its own behalf in supporting wider perceptions of the place of R&D in the world by examining, from time to time, topics of strong current interest. These have taken the form of the consideration of particularly pressing issues, as arose for example in the series of energy and material supply crises of the seventies.

The Council for Mutual Economic Assistance

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Publisher : M.E. Sharpe
ISBN 13 : 9780873324960
Total Pages : 294 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (249 download)

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Book Synopsis The Council for Mutual Economic Assistance by : Adam Zwass

Download or read book The Council for Mutual Economic Assistance written by Adam Zwass and published by M.E. Sharpe. This book was released on 1989 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the John Holmes Library collection.

NATO Review

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 630 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis NATO Review by :

Download or read book NATO Review written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 630 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Experience of Member Countries of the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance in Developing Co-operation in the Field of Maritime Transport

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 38 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (555 download)

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Book Synopsis Experience of Member Countries of the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance in Developing Co-operation in the Field of Maritime Transport by :

Download or read book Experience of Member Countries of the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance in Developing Co-operation in the Field of Maritime Transport written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

International Development Law

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Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0192578278
Total Pages : 1008 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (925 download)

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Book Synopsis International Development Law by : Petra Minnerop

Download or read book International Development Law written by Petra Minnerop and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2019-04-18 with total page 1008 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume brings together articles on international development law from the Max Planck Encyclopedia of Public International Law, the definitive reference work on international law. It provides an invaluable resource for scholars, students, and practitioners of international development law, giving an accessible, thorough overview of all aspects of the field. Each article contains cross-references to related articles, and includes a carefully selected bibliography of the most important writings and primary materials as a guide to further reading. The Encyclopedia can be used by a wide range of readers. Experienced scholars and practitioners will find a wealth of information on areas that they do not already know well as well as in-depth treatments on every aspect of their specialist topics. Articles can also be set as readings for students on taught courses.

Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (CMEA)

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 308 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (35 download)

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Book Synopsis Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (CMEA) by : Zbigniew M. Klepacki

Download or read book Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (CMEA) written by Zbigniew M. Klepacki and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Adjustment, Structural Change, and Economic Efficiency

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521334556
Total Pages : 500 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (345 download)

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Book Synopsis Adjustment, Structural Change, and Economic Efficiency by : Jozef M. van Brabant

Download or read book Adjustment, Structural Change, and Economic Efficiency written by Jozef M. van Brabant and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1987-12-25 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This 1988 book examines the indirect instruments and the related institutions that help to coordinate key economic decisions within and among the economies belonging to the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (CMEA). The chief purpose is two-fold: to assess thier adequacy in light of the forced economic adjustments of the early 1980s and to formulate feasible changes for both in order to avert a recurrence of such developmental obstacles. Jozef van Brabant argues that these instruments and institutions are inadequate. He proposes that a resumption of rapid growth depends largely upon bolstering factor productivity growth, which can only be achieved through positive structural changes and a root-and-branch reform of the individual and groupwide economic mechanisms.

The Scientific and Technological Progress

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 53 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (269 download)

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Book Synopsis The Scientific and Technological Progress by : S. A. Ugarov

Download or read book The Scientific and Technological Progress written by S. A. Ugarov and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 53 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Annuaire Europeen 1988 - European Yearbook 1988

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Publisher : Martinus Nijhoff Publishers
ISBN 13 : 9780792304173
Total Pages : 984 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (41 download)

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Book Synopsis Annuaire Europeen 1988 - European Yearbook 1988 by : P. Drillien

Download or read book Annuaire Europeen 1988 - European Yearbook 1988 written by P. Drillien and published by Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. This book was released on 1990-03-26 with total page 984 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The European Yearbook has expanded over the years in keeping with the role played by European institutions compared with national ones. It is an indispensable work of reference for anyone dealing with these institutions, which have become so numerous & varied that no-one can possibly memorise all their acronyms or functions. The European Yearbook provides aids for finding one's way through the labyrinth of these organisations which coordinate a variety of activities in over 20 countries. One of the aids is an 'organisation chart' at the beginning of the documentary section, giving a clear picture of the general situation. A perusal of the many contributions in the volume organisation by organisation, shows the full diversity of the activities which Europe is gradually taking over from national governments, with their consent & financial support. Written in both of the Council of Europe's official languages, English & French, the European Yearbook also contains a general index by subject & name which constitutes a very valuable list of articles & provides direct access to the work's subject matter, regardless of the particular organisation concerned, offering a kind of cross-section of the activities of European organisations.