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Complement In Nervous System Disease
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Book Synopsis Complement in Nervous System Disease by : Iliana Michailidou
Download or read book Complement in Nervous System Disease written by Iliana Michailidou and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-09-01 with total page 147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neuroinflammation is associated with a wide spectrum of acute and chronic diseases of the central and peripheral nervous system. It causes secondary damage, which is a major determinant for progression and outcome. Activated complement is suspected to be a key player to neuroinflammation. Complement is an important evolutionary ancient system for host anti-microbial aid. It serves the innate immunity and interfaces with the adaptive immunity. Complement recognizes non-cognate or altered-self antigens and devours 'unwanted' cells or cell compartments. Activation of complement leads to opsonisation of a target, inflammation by the release of anaphylatoxins, and damage of the target by the assembled membrane attack complex. Because complement can harm self-tissue, activation is tightly controlled by regulators. However, complement activation might be excessive and uncontrolled at sites of damage contributing to neuroinflammation leading to neurodegeneration.
Book Synopsis Central Nervous System Diseases and Inflammation by : Thomas E. Lane
Download or read book Central Nervous System Diseases and Inflammation written by Thomas E. Lane and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-12-24 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Edited and authored by top names in the field, this book provides a succinct reference on inflammatory central nervous system disease. It focuses on current areas of investigation in the fields of neuroimmunology, virology, pharmacology, and disease. Sections focus on specific categories of diseases, examining the pharmacological, virological, and immunological effects of and on the disease. This book’s unique organization provides a concise overview of inflammatory CNS disease.
Download or read book Nervous Immunity written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Complement in Neuroinflammation by : Nawel Bahia El Idrissi
Download or read book Complement in Neuroinflammation written by Nawel Bahia El Idrissi and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The complement system is a part of the innate immunity, and plays an important role in host immunity and inflammation. We previously identified the terminal membrane attack complex (MAC) of the complement system as a key determinant of neurodegeneration and demonstrated that its inhibition is neuroprotective. Besides being part of a mechanism of defence to invading pathogens, MAC has the capacity to cause damage to self-cells and is consequently implicated in many diseases. I describe studies on two diseases, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and leprosy, both with severe impact on the nervous system. ALS is a progressive neurodegenerative disease, leading to muscle atrophy and eventually death. Leprosy is a chronic debilitating disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae (M. leprae), resulting in peripheral nerve impairment. The mechanisms of neurodegeneration in ALS and the molecular events of nerve injury due to M. leprae are unclear. However, in both diseases complement activation has been detected. I propose that complement activation, consequently MAC deposition on tissue, contributes to neurodegeneration and disease severity in Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and leprosy. In this thesis I show that MAC targets the axons in nerve biopsies of leprosy patients and is deposited on at the neuromuscular-junction in muscle biopsies of ALS patients. In animal models I show that preventing MAC formation has an effect on demyelination in a model for M. leprae induced nerve damage, and also on the disease severity in a SOD-G93A mouse model of ALS. Overall, these experiments show that complement components are putative targets for future therapies.
Download or read book Neuroinflammation written by Paul L. Wood and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1997-10-24 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An unprecedented review of our current knowledge of the neuroinflammatory mediators and cells involved in neurodegenerative diseases. Beginning with a detailed review of our current concepts of which biochemical mediators are involved in neuronal loss and the mechanisms of cell death, the distinguished contributors critically examine those areas of current research involved in the design of specific pharmacological agents to inhibit at defined points in the neuroinflammatory cascade. They also address the molecular, cellular, and disease model actions of first-generation agents, as well as the potential clinical relevance to AIDS-related dementia, Alzheimer's disease, amyotropic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Down's syndrome, Huntington's disease, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, and stroke.
Book Synopsis Clinical Neuroimmunology by : Jack Antel
Download or read book Clinical Neuroimmunology written by Jack Antel and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2005-10-06 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Clinical Neurimmunology is the major reference text in the field, providing broad and comprehensive coverage of the interaction between the nervous and immune systems in both normal and diseased states. Understanding this interaction is fundamental to developing therapeutic approaches to disease and injury of the nervous system that are currently only marginally amenable to therapy. Neuroimmunology is a well-recognised and growing specialty world wide, both at the basic science and clinical level. It is a fast moving field and this is the most up to date text available. Chapters are dedicated to the role of the immune system in disorders affecting both the central and peripheral nervous systems, including important neurodegenerative diseases (such as multiple sclerosis and HIV-related neural degeneration) which cause life-long disability. Extensive coverage is given to a whole array of immune-directed therapies. The book has a strong international team of well respected, high profile editors and authors. The first edition published to extensive and positive reviews and has established itself as the principal reference source in the field. This second edition summarizes recent advances in clinical neuroimmunology in a comprehensive and unbiased way.
Book Synopsis Immunobiology of the Complement System by : Adah Blair
Download or read book Immunobiology of the Complement System written by Adah Blair and published by American Medical Publishers. This book was released on 2023-09-19 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The complement system is a part of the immune system which improves the capability of phagocytic cells and antibodies to take out damaged cells and microbes from the organism's body. Complement control proteins, which are found in a higher concentration in the blood plasma as compared to complement proteins, regulate the complement system. Some of the complement control proteins are found on the membranes of self-cells that protect them from attack by the complement system. This system is considered to be focused on killing bacteria that infect the host organism. Furthermore, it acts as an innate immune surveillance system, which has a significant role to play in host homeostasis, defense against pathogens and inflammation. The dysfunction of the complement system is a major reason of diseases caused in the central nervous system, such as neurodegenerative conditions like spinal cord injuries and Alzheimer's disease. C3 glomerulopathy and atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome have been found linked with mutations in the genes of complement regulators specifically factor H. The readers would gain knowledge that would broaden their perspective about the complement system and its immunobiology through this book. It will help the readers in keeping pace with the rapid changes in this area of study.
Book Synopsis Immunological and Inflammatory Disorders of the Central Nervous System by : Neil Scolding
Download or read book Immunological and Inflammatory Disorders of the Central Nervous System written by Neil Scolding and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 1999 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A variety of diseases which are driven by immunological and inflammatory disturbances can affect the central nervous system; some are primary neurological conditions, e.g. multiple sclerosis, whilst other CNS diseases reflect an inflammatory disorder, e.g. vasculitis. The clinical features, immunological background and treatment of these primary and secondary disorders of the CNS are the subject of this book.
Book Synopsis A Role for Complement in the Pathophysiology and Recovery of Function Following Contusion-induced Spinal Cord Injury by : Manuel Galvan
Download or read book A Role for Complement in the Pathophysiology and Recovery of Function Following Contusion-induced Spinal Cord Injury written by Manuel Galvan and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 237 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The complement system is instrumental in host defense, mediating innate immune functions and regulating adaptive immune responses. This system consists of more than 30 plasma and membrane-bound proteins. Circulating complement proteins are mainly synthesized by hepatocytes and circulate in the bloodstream, however complement proteins are also synthesized by peripheral blood leukocytes and CNS cells. Complement activation results in the generation of opsonic fragments (C3b & C4b), anaphylactic fragments (C3a and C5a) and formation of membrane attack complex (C5b-9). The complement system is an effective mechanism for eliminating foreign pathogens, however, accumulating evidence suggests that it may mediate both beneficial and detrimental functions in the central nervous system (CNS). Although the complement system has received considerable attention in injury and disease models of the brain, much less attention has been directed at investigating the complement system in animal models of spinal cord injury (SCI). To investigate the role of the classical and terminal complement pathways in SCI, we acquired C1q KO mice, C6 deficient mice and C6 deficient rats. C6 deficient rodents lack the ability to form the membrane attack complex (C5b-9). C1q KO mice and C6-deficient mice were backcrossed onto the BUB/BnJ mouse strain because while rats appear to exhibit the same degree of total complement hemolytic activity as humans, the majority of common mouse strains are constitutively deficient in this activity with the exception of the BUB/BnJ mouse strain. To test the hypothesis that complement is detrimental to recovery following SCI, animals received a mild/moderate contusion injury at thoracic level 9 with the Infinite Horizon Impactor. Preliminary investigations of the terminal complement pathway revealed that PVG C6 deficient rats showed greater locomotor recovery, greater white matter sparing and reduced macrophage infiltration. Critically, investigations of the classical complement pathway demonstrated that BUB C1q knockout mice exhibited improved behavioral recovery and reduced lesion volume compared to BUB wildtype mice. In contrast, BUB C6 deficient mice showed greater behavioral deficits and less remyelination than BUB WT mice. While our preliminary observations in C6 deficient rats support the long-standing view that C5b-9 contributes to central nervous system pathology, the experimental paradigm in mice is appreciably genetically controlled and is the first study to formally test the hypothesis that C5b-9 contributes to CNS neuropathology. In conclusion these studies suggest that the classical and terminal complement pathway play critical yet divergent roles in SCI.
Book Synopsis CNS Regeneration by : Mark H. Tuszynski
Download or read book CNS Regeneration written by Mark H. Tuszynski and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 1999 with total page 720 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: CNS Regeneration focuses on some of the leading current neurological disease models and methods for promoting central nervous system regeneration. Editors and authors are experts in the field, with experience in basic as well as applied neuroscience. In a comprehensive, logical manner, the book unites important basic science advances in neuroscience with novel medical strategies. The first comprehensive, authoritative volume on the topic of CNS regeneration Reviews current therapeutic approaches Editors and authors are experts in the field Appeals to those interested in basic science as well as those concerned with its medical application
Book Synopsis Complement Factor H Regulation in the Central Nervous System by : Laura Anne Fraczek
Download or read book Complement Factor H Regulation in the Central Nervous System written by Laura Anne Fraczek and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cytokine stimulation increased mCFH mRNA and protein production, as well as the mRNA production of c-Jun and c-Fos and the protein production of c-Jun. These results suggest a relationship between cell cycle and complement regulation, and the investigation of how these transcription factors and CFH affect disease will be a valuable area of research for CNS immune regulation.
Book Synopsis Complement Activation in Malaria Immunity and Pathogenesis by : José A. Stoute
Download or read book Complement Activation in Malaria Immunity and Pathogenesis written by José A. Stoute and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: References; Role of Complement in Severe Malarial Anemia; The Problem of Severe Malarial Anemia; Evidence of Complement Activation During Malaria; Evidence of Opsonoization and Changes in the Expression of Complement Regulatory Proteins on Uninfected Erythrocytes of Patients with Malaria; Genetic Association Studies; Directions for Future Research; References; Role of Complement in Cerebral Malaria; The Impact of Malaria/Cerebral Malaria; Clinical Features of Cerebral Malaria; Molecular Features of CM; Complement Synthesis in the Periphery and Central Nervous System.
Book Synopsis Nervous System Diseases—Advances in Research and Treatment: 2012 Edition by :
Download or read book Nervous System Diseases—Advances in Research and Treatment: 2012 Edition written by and published by ScholarlyEditions. This book was released on 2012-12-26 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nervous System Diseases—Advances in Research and Treatment: 2012 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ eBook that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Nervous System Diseases. The editors have built Nervous System Diseases—Advances in Research and Treatment: 2012 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Nervous System Diseases in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Nervous System Diseases—Advances in Research and Treatment: 2012 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.
Book Synopsis Complement Regulatory Proteins by : B. Paul Morgan
Download or read book Complement Regulatory Proteins written by B. Paul Morgan and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 1999-02-18 with total page 397 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From small beginnings in the early 1970s, the study of complement regulatory proteins has grown in the last decade to the point where it dominates the complement field. This growth has been fueled by the discovery of new regulators, the cloning of old and new regulators, the discovery that many of the regulators are structurally and evolutionarily related to each other and the development of recombinant forms for use in therapy. There are now more proteins known to be involved in controlling the complement system than there are components of the system and the list continues to grow. The time is ripe for a comprehensive review of our current knowledge of these intriguing proteins. This book does just that. The first few chapters discuss the "nuts-and-bolts" of the complement regulators, describing their structures, functional roles and modes of action. The roles of the complement regulators in vivo are then described, focusing on the consequences of deficiency, roles in the reproductive system, interactions with pathogens and exploitation for therapy. The interesting developments in defining the complement regulators expressed in other species are also discussed. The book is written as a monograph, albeit by two people. The text is as readable as possible without compromising on scientific accuracy and completeness. The conversational style very evident in some sections is deliberate! Placing all references in a single bibliography at the end of the text further improves readability. The reader will go to the book to discover a specific fact but be persuaded to read more and derive pleasure from the process. The authors' enthusiasm for the subject comes over strongly in the text, and this enthusiasm proves infectious. - Complement regulators--structure, functional roles and mode of action - Comprehensive reviews of each of the individual regulators - Roles of Complement regulators in vivo,in health and disease: - Consequences of deficiency - Roles in the reproductive system - Interactions with pathogens - Exploitation for therapy - Complement regulators in other species
Book Synopsis Function and Dysfunction of Complement Factor H by : Mihály Józsi
Download or read book Function and Dysfunction of Complement Factor H written by Mihály Józsi and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-02-21 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Clinical Neuroembryology by : Hans J. ten Donkelaar
Download or read book Clinical Neuroembryology written by Hans J. ten Donkelaar and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-09-07 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Progress in developmental neurobiology and advances in (neuro) genetics have been spectacular. The high resolution of modern imaging techniques applicable to developmental disorders of the human brain and spinal cord have created a novel insight into the developmental history of the central nervous system (CNS). This book provides a comprehensive overview of the development of the human CNS in the context of its many developmental disorders. It provides a unique combination of data from human embryology, animal research and developmental neuropathology, and there are more than 400 figures in over a hundred separate illustrations.
Book Synopsis The Role of Complement in Health and Disease by : Maciej Cedzyński
Download or read book The Role of Complement in Health and Disease written by Maciej Cedzyński and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2019-11-18 with total page 631 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
