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Combustion And Chemical Kinetics Study Of Jet Fuel Biogas And Solid Fuel In Diffusion Flames
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Book Synopsis Combustion and Chemical Kinetics Study of Jet Fuel, Biogas and Solid Fuel in Diffusion Flames by : Saeid Jahangirian
Download or read book Combustion and Chemical Kinetics Study of Jet Fuel, Biogas and Solid Fuel in Diffusion Flames written by Saeid Jahangirian and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Combustion Technology by : Vasudevan Raghavan
Download or read book Combustion Technology written by Vasudevan Raghavan and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-08-01 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive review of the fundamentals aspects of combustion, covering fundamental thermodynamics and chemical kinetics through to practical burners. It provides a detailed analysis of the basic ideas and design characteristics of burners for gaseous, liquid and solid fuels. End of chapter review questions help the reader to evaluate their understanding of both the fundamental as well as the application aspects. Furthermore, a chapter on alternative renewable fuels has been included to bring out the need, characteristics and usage of alternative fuels along with fossil fuels. A section on future trends in fuels and burners is also provided. Several key research articles have been cited in the text and listed in the references.
Book Synopsis Fundamentals of Low Emission Flameless Combustion and Its Applications by : Seyed Ehsan Hosseini
Download or read book Fundamentals of Low Emission Flameless Combustion and Its Applications written by Seyed Ehsan Hosseini and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2022-07-30 with total page 668 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fundamentals of Low Emission Flameless Combustion and Its Applications is a comprehensive reference on the flameless combustion mode and its industrial applications, considering various types of fossil and alternative fuel. Several experimental and numerical accomplishments on the fundamentals of state-of-the-art flameless combustion is presented, working to clarify the environmentally friendly aspects of this combustion mode. Author Dr. Hosseini presents the latest progresses in the field and highlights the most important achievements since invention, including the fundamentals of thermodynamics, heat transfer and chemical kinetics. Also analyzed is fuel consumption reduction and the efficiency of the system, emissions formation and the effect of the flameless mode on emission reduction.This book provides a solid foundation for those in industry employing flameless combustion for energy conservation and the mitigation of pollutant emissions. It will provide engineers and researchers in energy system engineering, chemical engineering, industrial engineers and environmental engineering with a reliable resource on flameless combustion and may also serve as a textbook for senior graduate students. Presents the fundamentals of flameless combustion and covers advances since its invention Includes experimental and numerical investigations of flameless combustion Analyzes emission formation and highlights the effects of the flameless mode on emission reduction
Author :Frédérique Battin-Leclerc Publisher :Springer Science & Business Media ISBN 13 :1447153073 Total Pages :657 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (471 download)
Book Synopsis Cleaner Combustion by : Frédérique Battin-Leclerc
Download or read book Cleaner Combustion written by Frédérique Battin-Leclerc and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-09-06 with total page 657 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This overview compiles the on-going research in Europe to enlarge and deepen the understanding of the reaction mechanisms and pathways associated with the combustion of an increased range of fuels. Focus is given to the formation of a large number of hazardous minor pollutants and the inability of current combustion models to predict the formation of minor products such as alkenes, dienes, aromatics, aldehydes and soot nano-particles which have a deleterious impact on both the environment and on human health. Cleaner Combustion describes, at a fundamental level, the reactive chemistry of minor pollutants within extensively validated detailed mechanisms for traditional fuels, but also innovative surrogates, describing the complex chemistry of new environmentally important bio-fuels. Divided into five sections, a broad yet detailed coverage of related research is provided. Beginning with the development of detailed kinetic mechanisms, chapters go on to explore techniques to obtain reliable experimental data, soot and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, mechanism reduction and uncertainty analysis, and elementary reactions. This comprehensive coverage of current research provides a solid foundation for researchers, managers, policy makers and industry operators working in or developing this innovative and globally relevant field.
Book Synopsis MILD Combustion: Modelling Challenges, Experimental Configurations and Diagnostic Tools by : Alessandro Parente
Download or read book MILD Combustion: Modelling Challenges, Experimental Configurations and Diagnostic Tools written by Alessandro Parente and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-11-26 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Experimental and Computational Studies of the Combustion of Classical and Alternative Fuels by : Ulrich Niemann
Download or read book Experimental and Computational Studies of the Combustion of Classical and Alternative Fuels written by Ulrich Niemann and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 115 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Well-controlled laboratory experiments in simplified reactors, such as counterflow burners, most easily and accurately test the ability of chemical-kinetic mechanisms and transport descriptions to predict combustion processes. Diffusion flame investigations at atmospheric and elevated pressures have been carried out to provide insights into the structure and combustion chemistry of hydrogen, low molecular weight hydrocarbons and oxygenated fuels. A newly designed high-pressure combustion facility was used to study the structures and extinction conditions of counterflow diffusion flames in air for nitrogen-diluted hydrogen, methane, ethane, and ethylene, from 0.1MPa to 2.0 MPa. In all cases, the strain rate at extinction was found to increase with pressure in the moderate pressure range until a peak value is attained, above which a decreasing trend begins. In addition, a methane air diffusion flame was doped with hydrogen at atmospheric pressure. Irrespective of whether the hydrogen was added on the fuel or oxidizer side, the ratio of the extinction strain rate with hydrogen addition to that without was the same when the stoichiometric mixture fraction, the adiabatic flame temperature, and the proportion of oxygen that consumes the added fuel are fixed. Furthermore, an experimental investigation of the structure of large alcohols and critical conditions of methyl-esters provide new insights for the development and validation of chemical-kinetic mechanisms.
Book Synopsis Effects of Buoyancy on Gas Jet Diffusion Flames by :
Download or read book Effects of Buoyancy on Gas Jet Diffusion Flames written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Chemical Kinetic Modeling of Jet Fuel Surrogates by : Krithika Narayanaswamy
Download or read book Chemical Kinetic Modeling of Jet Fuel Surrogates written by Krithika Narayanaswamy and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Jet fuels, like typical transportation fuels, are mixtures of several hundreds of compounds belonging to different hydrocarbon classes. Their composition varies from one source to another, and only average fuel properties are known at best. In order to understand the combustion characteristics of the real fuels, and to address the problem of combustion control, computational studies using a detailed kinetic model to represent the real fuel, serves as a highly useful tool. However, the complexity of the real fuels makes it infeasible to simulate their combustion characteristics directly, requiring a simplified fuel representation to circumvent this difficulty. Typically, the real fuels are modeled using a representative surrogate mixture, i.e. a well-defined mixture comprised of a few components chosen to mimic the desired physical and chemical properties of the real fuel under consideration. Surrogates have been proposed for transportation fuels, including aviation fuels, and several kinetic modeling attempts for the proposed surrogates have also been made. However, (i) the fundamental kinetics of individual fuels, which make up the surrogate mixtures is not understood well, (ii) their combustion behavior at low through high temperatures has not been comprehensively validated, and this directly impacts the (iii) reliability of the multi-component reaction mechanism for a surrogate made up of these individual components. The present work is aimed at addressing the afore-mentioned concerns. The objective of this work is to develop a single, reliable kinetic model that can describe the oxidation of a few representative fuels, which are important components of transportation fuel surrogates, and thereby capture the specificities of the simpler, but still multi-component surrogates. The reaction mechanism is intended to well-represent the individual components as well as a multi-component surrogate for jet fuel made up of these fuel components. Further, this reaction mechanism is desired to be applicable at low through high temperatures, and be compact enough that chemical kinetic analysis is feasible. First, a representative compound for each of the major hydrocarbon classes found in the real jet fuel is identified. A surrogate for jet fuels is chosen to be comprised of n-dodecane (to represent normal alkanes), methylcyclohexane (to represent cyclic alkanes), and m-xylene (to represent aromatics). A Component Library approach is invoked for the development of a single, consistent, and reliable chemical scheme to accurately model this multi-component surrogate mixture. The chemical model is assembled in stages, starting with a base model and adding to it sub-mechanisms for the individual components of the surrogate, namely m- xylene, n-dodecane, and methylcyclohexane. The chemical model is validated comprehensively every time the oxidation pathways of a new component are incorporated into it and the experimental data is well captured by the simulations. In addition to the jet fuel surrogate, with the number of fuels described in the proposed reaction mechanism, a surrogate for the alternative Fischer-Tropsch fuels is also considered. Surrogates are defined for jet fuels and Fischer-Tropsch fuels by matching target properties important for combustion applications between the surrogate and the real fuel. The simulations performed using the proposed reaction mechanism, with the surrogates defined as fuels, are compared against global targets, such as ignition delays, flow reactor profiles, and flame speed measurements for representative jet fuels and Fischer-Tropsch fuels. The computations show promising agreement with these experimental data sets. The proposed reaction mechanism is well-suited to be used in real flow simulations of jet fuels. The proposed reaction mechanism has the ability to describe the kinetics of n- heptane, iso-octane, substituted aromatics, n-dodecane, and methylcyclohexane, all of which are important components of transportation fuel surrogates. Considering the large number of hydrocarbons whose kinetics are well described by this reaction mechanism, there are avenues for this reaction mechanism to be used to model other transportation fuels, such as gasoline, diesel, and alternative fuels, in addition to the jet and Fischer-Tropsch fuels discussed in the present study.
Book Synopsis Investigations into the Combustion Kinetics of Several Novel Oxygenated Fuels by : Wenyu Sun
Download or read book Investigations into the Combustion Kinetics of Several Novel Oxygenated Fuels written by Wenyu Sun and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-09-22 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this thesis, attention was paid to several novel oxygenated fuels—carbonates, polyethers and ketones. Combustion kinetic investigations were performed for typical representative compounds, including dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, cyclopentanone, 3-pentanone, 1,2-dimethoxyethane and dimethoxymethane. For experiments, suitable diagnostic techniques were used to measure the detailed speciation information of the target fuels under different conditions. For kinetic modeling, rate coefficients for crucial elementary reactions were obtained through high-level theoretical calculations. Based on that, validated kinetic models with good predictive performances were developed. On the basis of experimental measurements and model interpretations, this work highlighted two important combustion characteristics regarding the practical use: the pollutant formation and the ignition performance. Besides, the correlation between oxygen-containing functional groups and the aforementioned combustion characteristics was revealed. To reveal the potential interactions between the reaction networks of oxygenated additives and the hydrocarbon base fuels during combustion. Chemical structures of laminar premixed flames fueled by binary fuels were measured, and by changing the initial fuel compositions, the addition effects of the oxygenates on the fuel consumption and pollutant formation behaviors were explored. It was found that complicated chemical interactions do not exist in the reaction networks under the investigated conditions.
Book Synopsis Synthesis Gas Combustion by : Tim Lieuwen
Download or read book Synthesis Gas Combustion written by Tim Lieuwen and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2009-09-16 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coal, still used to generate more than half of the electric power in the U.S., will likely be part of any future global energy plan. But this finite resource is also responsible for 80 percent of the CO2 emissions from power production, and its continued use will require improved processing techniques that are less damaging to the environment and l
Book Synopsis Diffusion Flame Studies of Solid Fuels with Nitrous Oxide by : Paige Nardozzo
Download or read book Diffusion Flame Studies of Solid Fuels with Nitrous Oxide written by Paige Nardozzo and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fundamental counterflow combustion studies and static-fired rocket motor experiments were conducted to investigate baseline solid fuel (hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene, HTPB) and aluminized solid fuel combustion under varied pressure environments using gaseous oxygen (GOx) and nitrous oxide (N2O). Combustion experiments were coupled with a detailed model developed to understand GOx and N2O combustion with pyrolyzing HTPB under pressurized environments. The pressure influence on N2O decomposition is studied in detail describing the flame structure, and solid fuel combustion. Counterflow combustion experiments and model results show solid fuel regression rate increases with pressure for a fixed momentum flux. The flame structure thins, due to the faster kinetics, and shifts towards the regressing fuel surface with increasing pressure. Flame temperature increases with pressure as well, due to decreasing radical formation, increasing the surface temperature gradient, resulting in enhancement of solid fuel pyrolysis. Heat release from N2O decomposition and pyrolyzed fuel oxidation occurs in two distinct stages under atmospheric conditions, while at elevated pressure (1.827 MPa) the exothermic peak associated with oxidation becomes distributed over a wide spatial domain containing many reactions with large exothermicities. The flame structure with N2O exhibits the same trends as O2 following decomposition. Leakage of O2 and NO into the fuel pyrolysis zone also decreases with increasing pressure, indicating faster reaction rates. Over the range of pressures investigated, the diffusion flame produced by combustion of HTPB pyrolysis and N2O decomposition products was always positioned on the oxidizer side of the stagnation plane, which also shifted toward the fuel surface with increasing pressure. Aluminized solid fuel combustion experiments coupled with spectroscopic analysis of the flame zone detected AlO emission only when combusted with gaseous oxygen, indicating ignition of the aluminum was not achieved using N2O, and/or significant amounts of aluminum were not leaving the fuel surface. With both oxidizers, aluminum was observed to collect in the melt layer formed on the solid fuel surface. Motor combustion experiments were conducted to evaluate the propulsive performance of N2O/HTPB and N2O/aluminized HTPB system having a 6.5 and 26 [mu]m Al particle size, with loading up to 10% by weight. Average linear regression rates were observed to increase by 15% over the HTPB baseline for an average N2O momentum flux of 60 kg/m2s.
Book Synopsis Fundamentals of Combustion of Gaseous Fuels by : S. A. Weil
Download or read book Fundamentals of Combustion of Gaseous Fuels written by S. A. Weil and published by . This book was released on 1957 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Advanced Combustion Science by : Tsuneo Someya
Download or read book Advanced Combustion Science written by Tsuneo Someya and published by Springer. This book was released on 1993 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume reports on the results of group research projects which have taken place in the USA and Europe. These collaborative projects, which began in 1988, sought the dual goals of fuel utilization improvement and the reduction of pollutant emissions.
Book Synopsis Combustion of Solid Fuels in a Diffusion Flame Enviroment by : Christopher Burger
Download or read book Combustion of Solid Fuels in a Diffusion Flame Enviroment written by Christopher Burger and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fundamental combustion studies were performed in a pressurized counterflow burner using Hydroxyl-Terminated Polybutadiene (HTPB) and gaseous oxygen. The goal of the study was to explore whether or not diffusion flame combustion in a counterflow configuration correlated well to diffusion flame combustion in the cross-flow configuration of hybrid rockets. The oxidizer flow rate was varied throughout the study with mass flux values ranging from 7 to 112 kg/(m2s), while the chamber pressure was held at a target pressure of 200 psig. It was found at low values of oxidizer mass flux that the experimental regression rates of the HTPB correlated well to the predicted diffusion flame power law, commonly used for hybrid rocket motors. At higher oxidizer mass fluxes, however, the regression rate plateaued to a near-constant value that was independent of oxidizer mass flow rate. This plateau has not been encountered in lab-scale hybrid rocket motors tests; however, a similar effect has been observed slab burner experiments. A computational model created using CHEMKIN and GNU Octave was used to simulate the combustion process in a counterflow configuration. The purpose was to achieve a better understanding of the diffusion flame structure and chemistry. As oxidizer mass flux increases, the model indicates that the diffusion flame moves closer to the fuel surface. The model predicted the experimentally observed trends, with burning rate increasing with oxidizer flow rate and achieving a plateau at the highest flow conditions. Flame structure results from the model support the hypothesis that the location of the diffusion flame becomes increasingly invariant with increasing oxidizer mass flux.
Book Synopsis Computational and Experimental Studies of Jet Fuel Combustion by :
Download or read book Computational and Experimental Studies of Jet Fuel Combustion written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An experimental and computational study was completed on the structure of two sets of flames: a nonsooting CH4 counterflow diffusion flame doped with 1000 ppm of either jet fuel or a 6-component surrogate and a well-defined baseline C2H4 flame under incipient sooting conditions perturbed with the addition of 2000 ppm by mole of either jet fuel or two surrogates, a 6-component Utah/Yale blend and a two-component Aachen surrogate. Gas samples were extracted from the flame with quartz microprobes for subsequent GC/MS analysis. Profiles of critical fuel decomposition products and soot precursors, such as benzene and toluene, were compared. The data for C7-C12 alkanes were consistent with typical decomposition of large alkanes with both surrogates showing good qualitative agreement with jet fuel in their pyrolysis trends. Olefins were formed as the fuel alkanes decomposed, with agreement between the surrogates and jet fuel improved for small alkenes. Good agreement between jet fuel and the surrogates was found with respect to critical soot precursors such as benzene and toluene. Although the 6-component Utah/Yale surrogate performed better than the Aachen surrogate, the latter performed adequately and retained the advantage of simplicity, since it consisted of only two components. Additional work focused on the development of a domain decomposition parallel solution methodology for coflow diffusion flames.
Book Synopsis Fundamentals of Combustion Processes by : Sara McAllister
Download or read book Fundamentals of Combustion Processes written by Sara McAllister and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-05-10 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fundamentals of Combustion Processes is designed as a textbook for an upper-division undergraduate and graduate level combustion course in mechanical engineering. The authors focus on the fundamental theory of combustion and provide a simplified discussion of basic combustion parameters and processes such as thermodynamics, chemical kinetics, ignition, diffusion and pre-mixed flames. The text includes exploration of applications, example exercises, suggested homework problems and videos of laboratory demonstrations
Book Synopsis Reduced Kinetic Mechanisms and Asymptotic Approximations for Methane-air Flames by : Mitchell D. Smooke
Download or read book Reduced Kinetic Mechanisms and Asymptotic Approximations for Methane-air Flames written by Mitchell D. Smooke and published by Springer. This book was released on 1991 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this comprehensive text a systematic numerical and analytical treatment of the procedures for reducing complicated systems to a simplified reaction mechanism is presented. The results of applying the reduced reaction mechanism to a one-dimensional laminar flame are discussed. A set of premixed and non-premixed methane-air flames with simplified transport and skeletal chemistry are employed as test problems that are used later on to evaluate the results and assumptions in reduced reaction networks. The first four chapters form a short tutorial on the procedures used in formulating the test problems and in reducing reaction mechanisms by applying steady-state and partial-equilibrium approximations. The final six chapters discuss various aspects of the reduced chemistry problem for premixed and nonpremixed combustion.
