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Combined Removal Of Sosubscript X And Nosubscript X From Flue Gas Using Non Thermal Plasma Technical Report March 1 May 31 1995
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Book Synopsis Combined Removal of SO(subscript X) and NO(subscript X) from Flue Gas Using Non-thermal Plasma. Technical Report, March 1--May 31, 1995 by :
Download or read book Combined Removal of SO(subscript X) and NO(subscript X) from Flue Gas Using Non-thermal Plasma. Technical Report, March 1--May 31, 1995 written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A model has been developed to predict the performance of a dielectric-barrier discharge for various parameters. The model calculations have been compared with experimental results and are in close agreement for both SO2/NO removal. The reaction scheme shows that OH is the most important radical for SO2 removal with the final product being H2SO4. Whereas for NO removal both oxidation by OH to form HNO3 and reduction by N to form N2 are important channels.
Book Synopsis Combined Removal of SO(subscript X) and NO(subscript X) from Flue Gas Using Non-thermal Plasma. Quarterly Report, 1 December 1994--28 February 1995 by :
Download or read book Combined Removal of SO(subscript X) and NO(subscript X) from Flue Gas Using Non-thermal Plasma. Quarterly Report, 1 December 1994--28 February 1995 written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The removal of NO(subscript x) from flue gas was studied during this period. About 44% of NO(subscript x) in concentrations of about 400 ppm and 100% of NO(subscript x) in concentrations below 80 ppm can be removed without any chemical additives. Also some pre experiments have been done on the combined removal of S02 and NO. Indications are that the NO in the flue gas helps the removal of S02. Work is continuing on the combined removal at present.
Book Synopsis Combined Removal of SO(subscript X) and NO(subscript X) from Flue Gas Using Non-thermal Plasma. [Quarterly] Technical Report, September 1--November 30, 1994 by :
Download or read book Combined Removal of SO(subscript X) and NO(subscript X) from Flue Gas Using Non-thermal Plasma. [Quarterly] Technical Report, September 1--November 30, 1994 written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The SO2 removal efficiency was studied for concentration in the range of 333--3000 ppM (parts per million). Since the sulfur content of Illinois coal is high, the SO2 concentration in typical flue gas is in the high end of the range shown above. With high concentration of SO2 the removal efficiency decreases. However, the removal scales well with applied voltage, electrode length, and supply frequency. In this period the modeling of the process was also accomplished. The results show that a Townsend-type discharge is more efficient than a streamer type discharge in producing OH and 0 radicals. This explains why UV-irradiation helps the removal efficiency. The details are discussed in the report.
Book Synopsis Combined Removal of SOsub X and NOsub X from Flue Gas Using Non-thermal Plasma by :
Download or read book Combined Removal of SOsub X and NOsub X from Flue Gas Using Non-thermal Plasma written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Plasma-assisted Cleanup of Flue Gas. [Quarterly] Technical Report, March 1, 1993--May 31, 1993 by :
Download or read book Plasma-assisted Cleanup of Flue Gas. [Quarterly] Technical Report, March 1, 1993--May 31, 1993 written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of the proposed research is to design and implement a novel scheme for the combined removal of SO2 and NO(subscript x) using a dielectric-barrier discharge in conjunction with UV irradiation. This investigation requires the design of a dielectric-barrier reactor and testing the proposed scheme under different conditions. The testing of the uniformity of the discharge with UV irradiation has been very successful. The details are provide-din this report and has been submitted to the Applied Physics Letter. In this reporting period both experimental and simulation work were carried out on the removal of SO2 and NO(subscript x). With the improved reactor, we have achieved a removal of SO2 up to 85%. The simulation studies indicate that complete removal of NO(subscript x) is possible at reduced electric fields (E/N) of above 100 Td.
Book Synopsis An Experimental Study of NO(subscript X) Recycle in the NOXSO Flue Gas Cleanup Process. Quarterly Technical Progress Report, January 1--March 31, 1992 by :
Download or read book An Experimental Study of NO(subscript X) Recycle in the NOXSO Flue Gas Cleanup Process. Quarterly Technical Progress Report, January 1--March 31, 1992 written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: NO(subscript x) recycle is one part of the NOXSO process. In this process, 90% of the acid pollutants (NO(subscript x) and SO2) can be removed simultaneously by adsorption on the surface of a PO sorbent material. The sorbent is subsequently regenerated by heating and contacting the hot sorbent with a reducing gas followed by steam. The NO(subscript x) is removed in the heating process, and the SO2 is removed by the chemical reaction of the reducing gas and steam. The NO (subscript x) stream produced is returned to the combustion process with combustion air, which is called the NO(subscript x) recycle. The NO(subscript x) is reduced in the flame to N2, H20, and CO2. NO(subscript x) recycle will be implemented at the full-scale commercial demonstration plant at Niles. The concept of NO(subscript x) recycle has been tested previously at DOE-Pittsburgh Energy Technology Center (PETC) using a 500 lb/hr coal combustor used for the 3/4 MW tests and also using a tunnel furnace capable of being fired with a variety of fuels including gas, fuel oil, coal, and coal-water mixtures. The results were very promising and demonstrated the destruction of NO(subscript x) compounds when fed to the combustion system. The data also indicate that the extent of NO(subscript x) reduction is determined by the location of the NO(subscript x) injection and the combustor design. This current project is pilot-scale testing of NO(subscript x) destruction mechanisms and to help with the implementation at the Niles station.
Book Synopsis Plasma-assisted Cleanup of Flue Gas. Final Technical Report, 1 September, 1992--31 August, 1993 by :
Download or read book Plasma-assisted Cleanup of Flue Gas. Final Technical Report, 1 September, 1992--31 August, 1993 written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of the proposed research is to design and implement a novel scheme for the combined removal of SO2 and NO(subscript x) using a dielectric-barrier discharge in conjunction with UV irradiation. This investigation requires the design of a dielectric-barrier reactor and testing the proposed scheme under different conditions that exist in a flue gas. A reactor has been designed and electrical tests have been performed. The voltage characteristics of the plasma reactor has been studied. The authors have found that a discharge can be sustained at atmospheric pressures with a large inner electrode in the coaxial configuration. The testing of the uniformity of the discharge with UV irradiation has been very successful. The details are provided in this report and have been submitted to the Applied Physics Letter. Also both experimental and simulation work were carried out on the removal of SO2 and NO(subscript x). With the improved reactor, they have achieved a conversions of SO2 up to 85%. The simulation studies indicate that complete removal of NO(subscript x) is possible at reduced electric fields (E/N) of above 100 Td.
Book Synopsis Advanced Separation Technology for Flue Gas Cleanup. Quarterly Technical Report by :
Download or read book Advanced Separation Technology for Flue Gas Cleanup. Quarterly Technical Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this work is to develop a novel system for regenerable SO2 and NO(subscript x) scrubbing of flue gas that focuses on (a) a novel method for regeneration of spent SO2 scrubbing liquor and (b) novel chemistry for reversible absorption of NO(subscript x). In addition, high efficiency hollow fiber contactors (HFC) are proposed as the devices for scrubbing the SO2 and NO(subscript x) from the flue gas. The system will be designed to remove more than 95% of the SO(subscript x) and more than 75% of the NO(subscript x) from flue gases typical of pulverized coal-fired power plants at a cost that is at least 20% less than combined wet limestone scrubbing of SO(subscript x) and selective catalytic reduction NO(subscript x). In addition, the process will make only marketable byproducts, if any (no waste streams). During the third quarter of 1995, we continued work on Task 8, integrated NO(subscript x) life tests. We also obtained some mass transfer data on Task 9, performance of scalable modules. In Task 8, we gathered additional 400 hours of NO(subscript x) absorption/desorption data. We also presented the data on NO(subscript x) absorption/desorption behavior over cumulative time to date. the performance indicates unchanged reversible characteristics of Co(II) phthalocyanine solution. Therefore, we believe that NO(subscript x) absorption/desorption chemistry is robust. In Task 9, we experimentally observed the channeling of liquid flow due to poor design of previous rectangular modules. Newly obtained welded rectangular modules out-performed previous modules. We also presented SO2 absorption data using different Na2SO3 concentrations. The SO2 absorption seem to be dependent on liquid flow rate, a rather surprising result compared to earlier results. Apparatus for combined absorption/desorption of SO2 in rectangular modules is also given in this report.
Book Synopsis Reichs-Hoff-Rahts Gutachten/ über das der Stadt Hamburg ertheiltes Decretum Rat. Sessionis & Voti 18. Novemb. Anno 1643 by :
Download or read book Reichs-Hoff-Rahts Gutachten/ über das der Stadt Hamburg ertheiltes Decretum Rat. Sessionis & Voti 18. Novemb. Anno 1643 written by and published by . This book was released on 1643 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis An Experimental Study of NO(subscript X) Recycle in the NOXSO Flue Gas Cleanup Process. Quarterly Technical Progress Report, July 1--September 31, 1992 by :
Download or read book An Experimental Study of NO(subscript X) Recycle in the NOXSO Flue Gas Cleanup Process. Quarterly Technical Progress Report, July 1--September 31, 1992 written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: NO{sup x} recycle represents one part of the NOXSO process. This process can remove 90% of NO(subscript x) and SO2 simultaneously from flue gas by using a fluidized bed of sorbent. Spent sorbent is regenerated by treatment at high temperatures with a reducing gas. Adsorbed NO{sub X} is evolved on heating the sorbent to a regeneration temperature. The concentrated stream of NO(subscript x) produced is returned to the boiler with the combustion air and reduced in the flame, which is called NO(subscript x) recycle. In the previous reporting period (from April to June), NO injection series of tests have been completed. Part of NO simultaneous injection and NO2 injection tests were conducted. All the test results showed consistent trends. About 70% average NO(subscript x) reduction efficiency has been achieved when NO is injected into the primary air duct, which was not affected by the NO injection flow rate, the furnace load and exit O2 concentration. When NO is injected into the secondary air duct, the NO(subscript x) reduction efficiency ranges from 46% to 60 % with dependence on the exit O2 concentration. The NO simultaneous injection tests showed that the NO(subscript x) reduction efficiency increases with the percentage of total NO injected into the primary air duct. About 67% average NO(subscript x) reduction efficiency was demonstrated with injection of NO2 into the secondary air duct, which is higher than that with injection of NO at the same test conditions.
Book Synopsis An Experimental Study of NO(subscript X) Recycle in the NOXSO Flue Gas Cleanup Process. Quarterly Technical Progress Report, April 1--June 31, 1992 by :
Download or read book An Experimental Study of NO(subscript X) Recycle in the NOXSO Flue Gas Cleanup Process. Quarterly Technical Progress Report, April 1--June 31, 1992 written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: NO(subscript x) recycle is one part of the NOXSO process. In this process, 90% of the acid pollutants (NO(subscript x) and SO2) can be removed simultaneously by adsorption on the surface of a sorbent material. The sorbent is subsequently regenerated by heating and contacting the hot sorbent with a reducing gas followed by steam. The NO(subscript x) is removed in the heating process, and the SO2 is removed by the chemical reaction of the reducing gas and steam. The NO(subscript x) stream produced is returned to the combustion process with combustion air, which is called the NO(subscript x) recycle. The NO(subscript x) is reduced in the flame to N2, H2O, and CO2. The tests of NO injection with combustion have demonstrated very promising results. The test data showed quite consistent NO(subscript x) reduction efficiencies, which is similar to the previous test results on the pulverized coal combustor at DOE-PETC. An average of about 70 % NO. destruction efficiency was achieved for the NO injection into the primary air duct independent of injected NO flow rates and exit 02 concentrations. About 58%, 50%, and 46% average destruction efficiencies were obtained for the NO injection into the secondary air duct corresponding to the exit O2concentrations of 2%, 3%, and 4% respectively.
Book Synopsis Advanced Separation Technology for Flue Gas Cleanup. Quarterly Technical Report Number 13, April--June 1995 by :
Download or read book Advanced Separation Technology for Flue Gas Cleanup. Quarterly Technical Report Number 13, April--June 1995 written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this work is to develop a novel system for regenerable SO2 and NO(subscript x) scrubbing of flue gas that focuses on (a) a novel method for regeneration of spent SO2 scrubbing liquor and (b) novel chemistry for reversible absorption of NO(subscript x). In addition, high efficiency hollow fiber contactors (HFC) are proposed as the devices for scrubbing the SO2 and NO(subscript x) from the flue gas. The system will be designed to remove more than 95% of the SO(subscript x) and more than 75% of the NO(subscript x) from flue gases typical of pulverized coal-fired power plants at a cost that is at least 20% less than combined wet limestone scrubbing of SO(subscript x) and selective catalytic reduction of NO(subscript x). In addition, the process will make only marketable byproducts, if any (no waste streams). Work will be conducted in a 60-month period (5/92 to 4/97), encompassing 16 tasks. In Task 8, (Integrated NO(subscript x) life tests), the authors have presented the modified experimental arrangement for testing the efficacy of Co(II)-phthalocyanine solution for NO(subscript x) absorption as well as desorption over extended periods of time. This arrangement allows them to automatically acquire data and control process parameters. They obtained absorption/desorption data over a period of 140 hours. The data exhibits average NO removal rates of 50%. In order to increase the overall efficiency of the system, they have designed and built a new desorption section with increased mass transfer area. In Task 9, (scalable modules), the authors presented the design details of the rectangular scalable modules. Also, they tested the apparatus with SO2/water system. The performance of the device was affected by varying either gas or water flow rates. SO2 removal rates close to 90% were obtained at 20 SLPM gas flow rates.
Book Synopsis Advanced Separation Technology for Flue Gas Cleanup by :
Download or read book Advanced Separation Technology for Flue Gas Cleanup written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this work is to develop a novel system for regenerable SO2 and NO(subscript x) scrubbing of flue gas that focuses on (a) a novel method for regeneration of spent SO2 scrubbing liquor and (b) novel chemistry for reversible absorption of NO(subscript x). In addition, high efficiency hollow fiber contactors (BFC) are proposed as the devices for scrubbing the SO2 and NO(subscript x) from the flue gas. The system will be designed to remove more than 95% of the SO(subscript x) and more than 75% of the NO(subscript x) from flue gases typical of pulverized coal-fired power plants at a cost that is at least 20% less than combined wet limestone scrubbing of SO(subscript x) and selective catalytic reduction of NO(subscript x). In addition, the process will make only marketable byproducts, if any (no waste streams). The major cost item in existing technology is capital investment. Therefore, our approach is to reduce the capital cost by using high efficiency hollow fiber devices for absorbing and desorbing the SO2 and NO(subscript x). We will also introduce new process chemistry to minimize traditionally well-known problems with SO2 and NO(subscript x) absorption and desorption. For example, we will extract the SO2 from the aqueous scrubbing liquor into an oligomer of dimethylaniline to avoid the problem of organic liquid losses in the regeneration of the organic liquid. Our novel chemistry for scrubbing NO(subscript x) will consist of water soluble plithalocyanine compounds invented by SRI and also of polymeric forms of Fe{sup ++} complexes similar to traditional NO(subscript x) scrubbing media described in the open literature. Our past work with the phthalocyanine compounds, used as sensors for NO and NO2 in flue gases, shows that these compounds bind NO and NO2 reversibly and with no interference from O2, CO2, SO2, or other components of flue gas.
Book Synopsis Advanced Separation Technology for Flue Gas Cleanup. Quarterly Technical Report No. 11, October 1994--December 1994 by :
Download or read book Advanced Separation Technology for Flue Gas Cleanup. Quarterly Technical Report No. 11, October 1994--December 1994 written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this work is to develop a novel system for regenerable SO2 and NO(subscript x) scrubbing of flue gas that focuses on (a) a novel method for regeneration of spent SO2 scrubbing liquor and (b) novel chemistry for reversible absorption of NO(subscript x). In addition, high efficiency hollow fiber contactors (HFC) are proposed as the devices for scrubbing the SO2 and NO(subscript x) from the flue gas. The system will be designed to remove more than 95% of the SO(subscript x) and more than 75% of the NO(subscript x) from flue gases typical of pulverized coal-fired power plants at a cost that is at least 20% less than combined wet limestone scrubbing of SO(subscript x) and selective catalytic reduction of NO(subscript x). In addition, the process will make only marketable byproducts, if any (no waste streams). The major cost item in existing technology is capital investment. Therefore, our approach is to reduce the capital cost by using high efficiency hollow fiber devices for absorbing and desorbing the SO2 and NO(subscript x). We will also introduce new process chemistry to minimize traditionally well-known problems with SO2 and NO(subscript x) absorption and desorption. For example, we will extract the SO2 from the aqueous scrubbing liquor into an oligomer of dimethylaniline to avoid the problem of organic liquid losses in the regeneration of the organic liquid.
Book Synopsis Advanced Separation Technology for Flue Gas Cleanup. Revised Quarterly Technical Report No. 17, April--June 1996 by :
Download or read book Advanced Separation Technology for Flue Gas Cleanup. Revised Quarterly Technical Report No. 17, April--June 1996 written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this work is to develop a novel system for regenerable SO2 and NO(subscript x) scrubbing of flue gas that focuses on (a) a novel method for regeneration of spent SO2 scrubbing liquor and (b) novel chemistry for reversible absorption of NO(subscript x). In addition, high efficiency hollow fiber contactors, (HFC) are proposed as the devices for scrubbing the SO2 and NO(subscript x) from the flue gas. The system will be designed to remove more than 95% of the SO(subscript x) and more than 75% of the NO(subscript x) from flue gases typical of pulverized coal-fired power plants at a cost that is at least 20% less than combined wet limestone scrubbing of SO(subscript x) and selective catalytic reduction of NO(subscript x). In addition, the process will make only marketable byproducts, if any (no waste streams).
Book Synopsis Plasma-assisted Cleanup of Flue Gas. Technical Report, December 1, 1992--February 28, 1993 by :
Download or read book Plasma-assisted Cleanup of Flue Gas. Technical Report, December 1, 1992--February 28, 1993 written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of the proposed research is to design and implement a novel scheme for the combined removal of SO2 and NO(subscript x) using a dielectric-barrier discharge in conjunction with UV irradiation. This investigation requires the design of a dielectric-barrier reactor and testing the proposed scheme under different conditions. Extensive tests have been performed on the reactor during this period. The tests include electrical and optical emission spectroscopy for air, pure oxygen, pure nitrogen and, air with CO2 and SO2. These tests show that with an attaching gas (O2, CO2, and SO2) the discharge tends to form filamentory microdischarges. However, the use of UV irradiation tends to make the discharge more uniform. The results are encouraging because it shows that under most conditions a uniform atmospheric discharge can be maintained with UV irradiation. The results of the study were presented at the EPRI Symposium on Environmental Applications of Advanced oxidation Technologies. This symposium was jointly sponsored by EPRI and NSF.
Book Synopsis A Novel Carbon-based Process for Flue Gas Cleanup. Fourth Quarterly Technical Progress Report, April 1--June 30, 1992 by :
Download or read book A Novel Carbon-based Process for Flue Gas Cleanup. Fourth Quarterly Technical Progress Report, April 1--June 30, 1992 written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this project is to demonstrate the preliminary technical and economic feasibility of a novel carbon-based process for removal of at least 95% SO2 and at least 75% NO(subscript x) from coal combustion flue gas. In the process, flue gas leaving the electrostatic precipitator (ESP) is passed through a trickle bed of activated carbon catalyst employing a periodic flush of low strength sulfuric acid. The SO2 is oxidized to SO3 and removed as medium strength sulfuric acid. The SO2-free flue gas is then mixed with NH3, and the NO(subscript x) in the gas is subjected to selective catalytic reduction (SCR) to N2 over a fixed bed of activated carbon catalyst. In the previous three quarters, a detailed project management plan was prepared describing the experimental setup, work plan, and test plan. The experimental system was completed for SO2 conversion at Waterloo and for NO(subscript x) conversion at RTI. Shakedown experiments were completed. In the present quarter, the NO(subscript x) removal performance of two additional modified carbon catalysts (MCCII and MCCIII) was studied. MCCII showed NO(subscript x) removal efficiency which was similar to that observed for MCCI. However, MCCI was considerably less active for NO(subscript x) removal. SO2 removal experiments with NO present in the feed gas were performed with MCCI. SO2 removal efficiency was consistently about 98% over each of 10 cycles and was very similar to that observed earlier with no NO present in the feed. Finally, a preliminary economic evaluation of the process was performed and a project review meeting was held. The economic evaluation showed that the Rn-Waterloo process was competitive with SCR/IFGD and other combined SO2/NO(subscript x), removal processes.
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